In the past few years, investors from different European countries have become increasingly interested in the new opportunities that socially responsible investing (SRI) can offer. Empirical research into this subject has often assumed as 'given' the meaning attributed to the terms 'ethical' or 'socially responsible', thus concentrating more on other elements (particularly financial performance). This paper, through the analysis of the characteristics of ethical funds traded in Italy, investigates the possible contents that the terms 'ethical' and/or 'socially responsible' can assume (...) in practice, with particular attention to the underlying values and to how these values are integrated into the selection process. This analysis brings to light the impressive variety of ethical funds traded in Italy. In particular, it reveals the 'Italian model', whose distinguishing characteristics seem to be the following: recentness of issue, options for charitable donations, almost exclusive use of screening strategies, use of 'best in class' and 'minimum tolerance quota' indications, preference for ethical indices, application of commissions no higher than the national average, presence of ethical committees and the utilization of consulting or rating agencies. (shrink)

A philosophical examination of the treatment of logic and God in Lacan's later psychoanalytic theory. In The Not-Two, Lorenzo Chiesa examines the treatment of logic and God in Lacan's later work. Chiesa draws for the most part from Lacan's Seminars of the early 1970s, as they revolve around the axiom “There is no sexual relationship.” Chiesa provides both a close reading of Lacan's effort to formalize sexual difference as incompleteness and an assessment of its broader implications for (...) philosophical realism and materialism. Chiesa argues that “There is no sexual relationship” is for Lacan empirically and historically circumscribed by psychoanalysis, yet self-evident in our everyday lives. Lacan believed that we have sex because we love, and that love is a desire to be One in face of the absence of the sexual relationship. Love presupposes a real “not-two.” The not-two condenses the idea that our love and sex lives are dictated by the impossibility of fusing man's contradictory being with the heteros of woman as a fundamentally uncountable Other. Sexual liaisons are sustained by a transcendental logic, the so-called phallic function that attempts to overcome this impossibility. Chiesa also focuses on Lacan's critical dialogue with modern science and formal logic, as well as his dismantling of sexuality as considered by mainstream biological discourse. Developing a new logic of sexuation based on incompleteness requires the relinquishing of any alleged logos of life and any teleological evolution. For Lacan, the truth of incompleteness as approached psychoanalytically through sexuality would allow us to go further in debunking traditional onto-theology and replace it with a “para-ontology” yet to be developed. Given the truth of incompleteness, Chiesa asks, can we think such a truth in itself without turning incompleteness into another truth about truth, that is, into yet another figure of God as absolute being? (shrink)

The paper offers a critical discursive and pragmatic analysis of a corpus of hateful Facebook and Twitters status updates of politicians, political activists and voters in the 2016 pre-and-post election period, in Macedonia. Aiming to determine how power is exerted on social media, the paper focuses on identifying the stance social media users take when posting messages with political content. The analysis first attempted to unveil what speech acts the hateful posts are predominantly composed of, what roles the authors of (...) the posts normally assume, who the hateful political discourse in the given socio-political context is directed to, as well as what are some of the predominant linguistic strategies underlying the analysed hateful comments. The results show that, by using mostly assertive and expressive speech acts, social media users assume mainly the roles of analysts and judges and only subsequently the one of activists, they mostly address politicians directly and they use a lot of negative lexis, rhetorical figures and boosters as interpersonal metadiscourse markers to express their negative stance and exert power and dominance. (shrink)

Este artículo analiza el lugar del exilio de la última dictadura militar en el campo de estudios sobre el pasado reciente argentino e intenta tanto dar cuenta de las líneas más transitadas y que permiten plantear que estamos frente a un territorio historiográfico en expansión, como descubrir cuáles son las actuales áreas de vacancia y las de mayor potencial para la investigación académica futura. Lejos de pretender hacer un examen exhaustivo de la producción que viene acumulándose desde la contemporaneidad del (...) fenómeno hasta hoy, estas páginas constituyen más bien un intento de revisar críticamente una parcela de la Historia Reciente desde el examen de la propia práctica investigativa y de cara a sacar a la luz los dilemas y desafíos que la atraviesan. (shrink)

RESUMO: Tendo como eixo organizador o debate acerca da noção de direitos do homem e do cidadão e a eficácia destes no que se refere à luta política por novos direitos, o artigo investiga o caráter inovador da democracia moderna. Em sua abordagem do tema, C. Lefort combate três teses: a de que a defesa de direitos humanos universais representaria um perigo à política vigorosa, instituída em Estados benevolentes; a de que esses direitos seriam a expressão mais acabada da ideologia (...) do individualismo burguês e corresponderiam a formalidades vazias, cujo sentido seria apenas o de escamotear a violência social e sacralizar privilégios; e, por fim, a tese segundo a qual as instituições democráticas visariam somente a reproduzir as relações de propriedade e força vigentes no capitalismo e não permitiriam que as contradições sociais fossem expressas ou mesmo resolvidas no campo da política. Trata-se de retomar a filosofia política proposta por C. Lefort, a qual enfatiza o caráter inédito da democracia moderna, para então explicitar, contrariando tais críticas, a perspectiva histórica de luta por direitos aberta pela invenção democrática. ABSTRACT: Having as the central theme the debate about the notion of human and citizen rights and the effectiveness of these in relation to the political struggle for new rights, this article investigates the innovative character of modern democracy. In his approach to the subject, C. Lefort argues three theses: the idea that the defense of universal human rights represents a danger to vigorous politics in benevolent States; the thesis which says that these rights would be the most complete expression of the ideology of bourgeois individualism and correspond to empty formalities whose meaning would be simply to hide social violence and enshrine privileges; and, finally, the argument that democratic institutions would aim to only reproduce the property relations and forces existing in capitalism and not allow the expression of social contradictions or their resolution in the field of politics. The article reviews the political philosophy proposed by Lefort, which emphasizes the unprecedented nature of representative democracy, and then explains the historical perspective of struggle for rights opened by the democratic invention. (shrink)

Este artigo apresenta uma análise das concepções do papel da escola e do conhecimento presentes nos textos oficiais de sete redes municipais de ensino brasileiras que adotam os Ciclos de Aprendizagem. A análise evidenciou que os textos das redes pesquisadas apresentavam concepções explícitas sobre o papel da escola e do conhecimento. Os autores argumentam que a) a análise de textos oficiais de políticas ocupa um lugar importante, uma vez que neles estão contidas as declarações de valores, as intenções, os objetivos, (...) bem como os princípios e fundamentos das políticas; b) a explicitação da concepção sobre o papel da escola e do conhecimento é um aspecto essencial, pois poderá balizar as definições relacionadas ao currículo, avaliação, metodologia, formação continuada de professores, etc; c) a explicitação de tais aspectos emerge como altamente necessária para a escola atual , uma vez que as avaliações em larga escala e diversas pesquisas evidenciam que uma parcela significativa de alunos das escolas públicas do Ensino Fundamental apresenta domínio insatisfatório dos conhecimentos básicos; e d) a explicitação do papel da escola e do conhecimento é fundamental pois o contexto educacional atual caracteriza-se pela dispersão do conhecimento escolar, diante de materiais didáticos e orientações metodológicas de projetos diversos, os quais nem sempre estão fundamentados em concepções convergentes sobre o papel da escola e do conhecimento. (shrink)

The evolution of the concept of subjectivity in the works of Jacques Lacan.

Electoral debates are a win-lose game in which the stakes for the political contenders are extremely high. The antagonistic nature of these encounters very frequently results in impoliteness or face aggravating moves with which the debaters aim to hurt the opponent’s positive or negative face.The aim of this research is to investigate the impoliteness strategies employed by politicians during electoral debates. Garcia-Pastor’s (2008) positive-face and negative-face impoliteness strategies are taken as a starting point in the analysis at hand. The final (...) electoral debate of the 2019 presidential elections in the Republic of North Macedonia is used as a data source for this research, which is based on several different hypotheses and is both qualitatively and quantitative oriented. The findings of the research are in line with the insights gained from previous studies, which, more or less, suggests that Macedonian politicians follow the mainstream “rules” when it comes to using impoliteness in political debates. (shrink)

Silvana Greco propone, per la prima volta, un’analisi approfondita della Philosophie sociale, pubblicata a Parigi alla fine del giugno 1793 da Moses Dobruska (1753- 1794), uomo d’affari, letterato e filosofo sociale. Nato in Moravia da una famiglia ebraica, affiliata alla setta ereticale dei sabbatiani, Dobruska si convertì in giovane età al cattolicesimo, compì una notevole ascesa sociale alla corte asburgica di Vienna ed emigrò poi in Francia, per aderire alla Rivoluzione. Durante il soggiorno parigino prese il nome di Junius (...) Frey, fu assai attivo tra le fila dei giacobini ma riuscì a sopravvivere solo di poco alla propria Philosophie. Accusato di cospirare per conto di potenze straniere, fu ghigliottinato il 5 aprile 1794, al culmine del Terrore, nello stesso giorno in cui anche Georges Jacques Danton saliva sulla forca. Quando apparve, la Philosophie sociale suscitò un notevole interesse, tanto da venir apprezzata nientemeno che da Immanuel Kant. Greco mostra come il lavoro di Dobruska abbia avuto anche altri lettori celebri, che per vari motivi omisero di menzionare, tra le loro fonti, un outsider di dubbia reputazione, su cui pesava una condanna tanto ingiusta quanto infamante. Dalla Philosophie sociale derivano alcuni concetti chiave delle discipline sociali, come le conosciamo oggi. Iniziatore entusiasta e sfortunato, talvolta brillante teorico, Moses Dobruska merita un ruolo a sé nella storia del pensiero sociologico. (shrink)

Silvana de Souza Ramos and Iracy Ferreira dos Santos Junior’s interview with Emmanuel de Saint Aubert explores the history and role of the Husserl Archives (Paris) in fostering multidisciplinary research in phenomenology. Saint Aubert clarifies Merleau-Ponty’s engagement with Husserl’s manuscripts, describing the situated and complex reading he undertook not only of these manuscripts but also of Husserl’s work as a whole. This aspect is particularly significant for contemporary French philosophical studies, as Merleau-Ponty played a pivotal role in introducing Husserl’s (...) ideas into French thought. This clarification allows us to show the originality of Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy, as it reveals that he was not merely an exegete of Husserl, but a restless and multifaceted thinker, deeply involved in the intellectual and political debates of his time. If he cannot be reduced to a mere reader of Husserl, neither can his later ontology be simply attributed to Heidegger’s influence. Once engaged in a meticulous study of the unfinished manuscripts that Merleau-Ponty left behind due to his premature death, which were drafts for a new book, Saint Aubert conducted a thorough investigation of Merleau-Ponty’s use of key terms in his ontology – chair, Leib, empiétement, chiasmi – showing that these terms do not literally translate or express concepts derived from Husserl or Heidegger. On the contrary, these terms acquire a multifaceted range of meanings in Merleau-Ponty’s writings, nourished by his philosophical readings and meditations, by his scientific and literary refinement, as well as his ethical and political concerns. Saint Aubert’s research, dedicated to the interpretation of Merleau-Ponty’s so-called “unpublished” works, resulted in the publication of five books by Vrin, all guided by a transversal genetic reading of Merleau-Ponty’s work. Additionally, with the help of other researchers, Saint Aubert carefully edited and published several volumes of Merleau-Ponty’s manuscripts. This material, made available in an organized and contextualized manner, is of incomparable richness, allowing for a more precise understanding of Merleau-Ponty’s role in contemporary thought, while also illuminating the meaning of his ontological project. (shrink)

The paper builds on the stakeholder salience framework and applies a social identity approach to explain family firm dynamics and how these could impact on family firm governance and ethics. In particular, we consider the family as the main stakeholder for family firms and we refer to the recent approaches to stakeholder theory based on ‘names-and-faces’ and on social identity to focus on family members at the individual and organizational level. Family businesses offer an opportunity to study stakeholder salience in (...) settings with multiple logics. Our paper acknowledges how the attributes of legitimacy, power and status, for family business members, can derive from three different institutional settings (family, business and local community) and how these attributes are assigned and gained by family members on the basis of the stakes they put (or could put) on the business. From the analysis of these dynamics specific ethical considerations emerge. (shrink)

Over the last few years, there has been an exaggeratedly widespread and frequently confused use of the concepts of 'stakeholder' and 'corporate social responsibility'. However, some interesting insights of both these notions can be found in traditional European business administration studies. In this article, the Italian view will be examined. In particular, this paper investigates the teachings of some of the historical masters of the Italian "Economia Aziendale", with particular attention to the concept of the azienda, its finalism and its (...) essential characteristics, in order to verify some consistencies with the more recent Stakeholder Management Theory. Principles and considerations seem to emerge from EA scholars' seminal works that unequivocally connect ethics with business decisions. EA fits in with SMT in many ways, and the former seems, moreover, to suggest a specific normative point of view from which the role of ethics in business activities can be approached. (shrink)

Moses Dobruska, born as a Jew in Brno, Moravia in 1753, died on the guillotine in Paris in 1794. His life was adventurous, but the biography is not enough to understand the creative force of this atypical intellectual. Silvana Greco, sociologist of.

No presente artigo, eu gostaria de circunscrever um campo de pesquisa, pertinente à filosofia contemporânea, que poderia ser explorado pela fenomenologia. Mais especificamente, partindo das objeções que Merleau-Ponty endereçou a Husserl, desde a publicação da Fenomenologia da Percepção, quando o filósofo francês mostrou quais são os limites da redução transcendental, pretendo discutir em que sentido seria possível utilizar ferramentas metodológicas da fenomenologia merleau-pontiana para descrever a experiência concreta na Modernidade.

For Badiou, Lacan is not a philosopher. He is instead a sui generis anti-philosopher. Anti-philosophy is, in a complex manner but eventually by definition, against philosophy. I intend to dispute this reading of Lacan while also profoundly sympathising with Badiou’s understanding of philosophy and acknowledging his extensive engagement with Lacan.

Angelaki, Volume 16, Issue 3, Page 1-5, September 2011.

In Brazil, every study involving human beings is required to produce an informed consent form that must be signed by study participants: this is stated in Resolution 196/96. 1 Consent must be obtained through a specific structured process. Objective: To present the opinions of women regarding how the process of obtaining informed consent should be conducted when women are invited to participate in studies on contraceptive methods. Subjects and Methods: Eight focus groups were conducted, involving a total of 51 women (...) living in the metropolitan region of Campinas. The women involved in the study were either participating in a clinical trial in the area of women's health or had participated in such a trial in the previous 12 months. A thematic guide was used to conduct the focus group discussions; the discussions were recorded, transcribed and a thematic analysis performed. Results: In general, the person who invites a woman to participate in a study should be a member of the research team but not the principal investigator. Information relating to the study should be given orally and in writing, both individually and in the group setting. Study volunteers should be informed about, among other things, the risks, possible side effects and discomforts, including long-term effects. The use of audiovisual aids to provide information was suggested. Conclusion: The process for obtaining informed consent was seen as a means of establishing a relationship between the volunteers and the investigator/research team. The information that the study participants expected to be given coincides with the requirements established under Resolution 196/96. The use of audiovisual aids would improve understanding of the information provided. (shrink)

Lars von Trier’s Antichrist (2009) has often been described as a ‘gothic’, if not straightforwardly ‘horror’ movie. While this claim could easily be challenged with regard to strict genre definitions, it is doubtless the case that the film deals very explicitly with fear, first and foremost the female protagonist’s fear of herself, which is placed at the top of the so-called ‘pyramid of fear’ drawn by her therapist/wanna-be-Saviour partner. My opinion is that Antichrist perfectly displays the horrific effects of the (...) direct embodiment, following a true love encounter, of the symbolic positions which Lacan associated with male and female sexuation. If human sexuality relies on the logic for which there is only one mythical man who is truly whole while every real woman is not wholly whole, what happens when He and She (the nameless protagonists of the movie) fully identify with such irreducible asymmetry between the sexes, its fundamental derailment from nature? They short-circuit the material singularity of a specific human animal with the abstract universality of gender. With the same move, they cannot overcome (or sublimate) the realisation that, in the female protagonist’s own words, woman is ‘evil’ – as long as she feels guilty of what man accuses her – and man is a ‘bastard’ – haunted by the phantasm of unifying purity which woman disrupts. Gynocide as male totalizing extermination of universal difference and genital self-mutilation as female reflexive hatred for the supposedly exceptional man mark the sadomasochistic extremes of the scene of the not-two, the frightening ob-scenity ( o-skené ), or off-representation, of human sexuality. (shrink)

Makes a case for the power of music and sound in the face of fascistic forces, from modernism to the present.

Diese Arbeit untersucht Improvisationsprozesse (creativity in performance) aus einer soziologischen Perspektive unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Dimensionen von Handeln, Interagieren und Wissen. Die Soziologie entwickelte in den letzten Jahren ein zunehmendes Interesse am Phänomen der Improvisation, wobei weniger die Resultate improvisatorischen Handelns im Zentrum standen, als vielmehr die Improvisationsprozesse selbst. Eine solche Fokussierung nimmt auch diese Untersuchung vor. Basierend auf der empirischen, qualitativen und vergleichenden Untersuchung von Free Jazz- und Flamenco-Praktiken sowie in Auseinandersetzung mit der bestehenden Improvisations-, Handlungs-, Interaktions- und Kreativitätsforschung (...) wird hier ein neuartiges Modell des Improvisierens vorgeschlagen, das die diesbezüglichen Handlungs- und Interaktionsprozesse erklärt und die Anschlussfähigkeit für weitere Bereiche der künstlerischen Praxis eröffnet. (shrink)

Diese Untersuchung behandelt die Auseinandersetzung aus systematisch-theologischer Perspektive mit einem «unsystematischen» Denker, Emil Cioran. Sie versucht im Sinne einer dialogischen Kulturtheologie einen Dialog zwischen der christlichen Theologie orthodoxer Prägung und Cioran zu führen. Dieser Versuch soll von Toleranz als Anerkennung der Legitimität des Anderen und dem Respekt des Fremden als Fremden geprägt sein. Methodologisch untersucht die Arbeit drei Hauptcharakteristika von Ciorans Denken: den Dualismus, die Skepsis und die Mystik. Sie versucht diese mit Hilfe von zwei Strukturierungsprinzipien - dem hermeneutische Dreieck (...) Gott-Mensch-Welt und den sieben Leitebenen zu systematisieren. (shrink)

RESUME Dans cet article, j’aborde la perspective idéaliste de la « Phénoménologie de la perception » pour montrer que, dans cet ouvrage, l’expérience du corps propre est décrite à partir de la vision du cogito. Pour expliciter cet idéalisme, j’analyse la principale voix donnée au corps au début de la pensée de Merleau-Ponty: la voix pathologique. Les troubles de Schneider rendent explicite son impuissance symbolique, et cette impuissance est vraiment l’impuissance du corps. Le sujet malade est un être soumis à (...) la normativité immédiate de la vie, raison par laquelle il peut découvrir à chaque moment la finitude et la fragilité de l’existence. J’évoque par contre les notes du cours au Collège de France, de 1954-1955, sur la passivité et les cours sur la Nature, de 1957-1958, lorsque Merleau-Ponty examine la vie et la naissance du sens à partir d’une perspective tout à fait différente. J’analyse aussi la lecture qu’il a faite du « cas Dora » pour montrer que le philosophe trouve dans l’hystérie une expérience symbolique très particulière. Cette expérience exige la compréhension de la puissance symbolique du corps propre, l’abandon de la position idéaliste et la découverte du pouvoir de l’hystérique de narrer l’expérience de l’être. ABSTRACT In this article, I approach the idealistic perspective of the “Phenomenology of Perception” to show that in that work the experience of the body is described from a vision of the cogito. To explain this idealism, I asses the main voice given to the body in the beginning of the thought of Merleau-Ponty: the pathological voice. Schneider’s disturbances make explicit its symbolic powerlessness, and that powerlessness is in fact the body’s powerlessness. The sick is a being submitted to the immediate normativity of life, reason by which he can find out at every moment the finitude and fragility of existence. On the other hand, I evoke the course notes from Collège de France, of 1954-1955, about passivity, and the courses about Nature, of 1957-1958, when Merleau-Ponty analyses life and the birth in the sense from an entirely different perspective. Also, I analyze the reading of what he to “case Dora” to show that the philosopher finds in hysteria a very particular symbolic experience. This experience requires understanding the symbolic power of the body itself, the abandonment of the idealist position and the discovery of the power of the hysteric of narrating the experience of being. (shrink)

The programme PIBID-EA intends to closer licensees of undergraduate teaching courses with the reality of public schools. By promoting the teacher-researcher training on the basis of implementing collaborative actions between universities and partner schools it aims at encouraging critical questioning of environmental issues, providing appropriate conditions for PIBID-EA-grant fellows initiate school teaching. University lecturers, elementary school supervisors and the school community collaborate in partnership to improve knowledge and develop values and skills for students acting in favour of sustainable society, where (...) Environmental Education is one of the main issues. The partnership acts collectively in the school field, establishing interfaces with social and environmental issues as follows: didactic monitoring, study of the environment and action research. From the interfaces of these actions, three priority axes were elected for the development of socio-environmental activities. Firstly, the “Consolidation of the Committee on Environment and Quality of Life in School”; The second priority axis is the“Construction of Agenda 21 at School”inally, the third axis is the “Youth in Action Project.”. (shrink)

RESUMENLa cuestión del «conocimiento de sí» como opuesto a la «experiencia de sí mismo» aparece problematizada en las primeras clases de La hermenéutica del sujeto. El estudio de Foucault sobre la experiencia de sí es realizado a partir del análisis de prácticas antiguas, que se traducen en «ocuparse de sí» y «cuidar de sí mismo». Nos interesa a partir de estas lecturas trabajar la dimensión ético-política del cuidado de sí, en su vínculo con el cuidado del otro. La pregunta que (...) hacemos en una lectura desde el presente es ¿por qué educar? ¿Por qué insistir en la educación?PALABRAS CLAVESConstitución del sujeto, cuidado de sí y cuidado del otro, educación, pedagogía, psicagogia, parrhesi.AbstractThe issue of «self knowledge» in opposition to the «experience of the self» appears as a problem in the first classes of The Hermeneutics of the Subject. Foucault’s study on the experience of the self is made on the basis of the analysis of antique practices which can be translated into «taking care of oneself» and «caring about oneself». Based on these lessons, our interest is to work on the ethical-political dimension of the caring about oneself, on its link with caring about others. The questions we ask from a present analysis are: Why do we have to educate? Why do we have to insist on education?Key wordsConstitution of the subject, care about the self and the others, education, pedagogy, psicagogia, parrhesi. (shrink)

A partir de la experiencia del café filosófico El Oráculo (Mendoza, Argentina) este trabajo reflexiona en torno a la posibilidad de la filosofía: quién es quien filosofa, ¿todos podemos filosofar? Y antes de intentar una respuesta, pensar qué es la filosofía, si ella tiene límites que nos indicarían cuándo un diálogo, una práctica, una reflexión, es filosófica y cuándo no.

En esta investigación se estudia el género reclamo con el propósito de describir su arquitectura discursiva. A partir de la revisión de 100 reclamos chilenos y sobre la base del análisis de los mecanismos de textualización utilizados, se propone una estructuración de las fases discursivas que configuran la superestructura textual en estudio. Además, se describen los recursos lingüísticos característicos de la construcción de dicho género. Se trabaja con dos teorías: la de género discursivo y la de esquemas textuales. Los resultados (...) del estudio indican que los reclamos de los chilenos se configuran en secuencias narrativas, descriptivas y argumentativas, que presentan por lo menos ocho fases bien definidas y que se caracterizan por la inclusión de recursos lingüísticos como los marcadores de opinión y probabilidad, los pronombres personales, el presente narrativo, adverbios, adjetivos y citas directas. De acuerdo con estos resultados, podemos concluir que existen ciertos tipos temáticos y estructurales que configuran el género reclamo en los hablantes chilenos. (shrink)

Meiner nichtreduktionistischen Lesart Gadamers, derzufolge eine wechselseitige konstitutive Relation zwischen "Sprache" und "Erfahrung" besteht, ist es gestattet, den Vorwurf, die Sprachphilosophie Gadamers führe in den Relativismus, den man häufig gegenüber sprachphilosophischen Positionen erhebt, abzuweisen. Manchen Denkern zufolge haben die Philosophen der Postmoderne, zu denen auch Gadamer gezählt wurde, eine einfache Umkehrung der beiden Pole des modernen Verhältnisses "Sprache"--"Erfahrung" vollzogen: Während die Sprache in der Moderne in ihrer Bedingtheit zur Erfahrung und als bloßes Ausdrucksmittel verstanden wurde, wurde dieses Verhältnis in der (...) neueren Philosophie nur umgekehrt, insofern die Philosophie in der Sprache das Fundament für die Erfahrung sehe, wonach die Erfahrung als ein Ausdruck der Sprache erscheine. Die vorliegende Arbeit setzt sich mit diesem Relativismusvorwurf auseinander und beabsichtigt, eine wechselseitige Abhängigkeit zwischen Sprache und Erfahrung ausgehend von Hans-Georg Gadamers Werk zu entwickeln. Um das zu erreichen, wurden zunächst eine doppelte negative-positive Erfahrungsstruktur und dann einige phänomenologische und transzendentale Merkmale der Erfahrung auf dem historischen Hintergrund für Gadamers Erfahrungsbegriff herausgearbeitet. Somit machte sich die konstitutive Sprachlichkeit der Erfahrung erkennbar. In einer Auseinandersetzung mit dem Sprachbegriff auf der anderen Seite wurde sein dialogischer und welterschließender Charakter veranschaulicht, so dass auch seine Angewiesenheit auf die Welterfahrung offenkundig wurde. (shrink)

Estilos parentais e práticas educativas têm sido considerados preditores para o desenvolvimento infantil. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo realizar um estudo piloto ao investigar e comparar os estilos parentais e as práticas educativas de pais de crianças com TDAH do tipo combinado e desatento. Part..

Resumen En esta investigación se presentan los resultados del estudio de las funciones pragmático-discursivas desempeñadas por oraciones escindidas del tipo “lo que pasa es que” en narraciones conversacionales de experiencia personal generadas por hablantes chilenos. Se analizan 54 narraciones conversacionales con dos propósitos: clasificar las oraciones escindidas según la parte de la estructura narrativa que introducen y ofrecer una taxonomía de funciones pragmático-discursivas que desempeñan dichas construcciones. Entre las principales conclusiones se destaca que las oraciones escindidas desempeñan tres macro-funciones: focalizadora (...) –aparentemente la más relevante para la cadena narrativa–, introductora de atenuaciones justificantes y orientadora, cada una con diferentes posibilidades de realización. (shrink)

Por meio de uma apresentação sucinta da ontologia de Merleau-Ponty, a qual é de certo modo retomadapela concepção simondoniana de individuação, o artigo analisa as estratégias teóricas utilizadas por Simondonem Deux leçons sur l’animal et l’homme. Trata-se de fornecer ao leitor uma chave de leitura dessa obra por meio desua vinculação com os debates empreendidos por Merleau-Ponty quando este investiga o conceito de naturezaem sua ontologia tardia. Nos dois casos, não se concebe nem a natureza nem o humano por meio (...) de substâncias,o que resulta na possibilidade de pensar uma comunicação entre estes diferentes níveis de individuação. Porém,diferentemente de Merleau-Ponty, Simondon não escreve uma ontologia, mas sim uma ontogênese. (shrink)

O artigo investiga o modo pelo qual Merleau-Ponty compreende a experiência do imaginário ao longo de sua obra. Buscamos analisar dois momentos decisivos. No primeiro, enfatizamos a proximidade com a filosofia de Sartre – a despeito das diferenças que os separam, por conta da centralidade do corpo próprio na Fenomenologia da Percepção –, a qual nos convida a pensar a imaginação enquanto exercício da liberdade da consciência. Num segundo momento, Merleau-Ponty se dá conta do idealismo inerente à proposta sartreana e (...) abre campo a uma nova abordagem do imaginário: o filósofo analisa o caráter corpóreo e passivo das produções imaginárias, tendo por referência a psicanálise freudiana e a abordagem do simbólico empreendida por esta. (shrink)

If it is true that semiotics has tried to establish itself as an autonomous science starting with Saussure and Peirce, in imposing itself as a cultural fashion since the 1960’s, due especially to Roland Barthes and his interest in the language of connotations, it is also true that from ancient treatises of medicine to books of magic, from rhetoric to logic, from nature to science, symbols— even from different points of view—have been the object of passionate reflections.

This paper suggests an approach to the various possibilities of reading as a practice responsible for generating thought. It might be said that it is an approach to the dismissal of reading as the origin of other paths of thought. Utopia, understood as anticipation, yields its place to the figure of redemption (in Benjamin’s sense of the word) as imminence of the absolutely other, expectation and extreme attention. The text invites the reader to try other routes in the practice of (...) reading (other than solitary silent reading), in which the body and the senses play a part, and - especially - the other, to allow the advent of a thinking that welcomes justice. In an act of memory, reading - as heteronomy - opens onto the future. (shrink)