Silvana Greco propone, per la prima volta, un’analisi approfondita della Philosophie sociale, pubblicata a Parigi alla fine del giugno 1793 da Moses Dobruska (1753- 1794), uomo d’affari, letterato e filosofo sociale. Nato in Moravia da una famiglia ebraica, affiliata alla setta ereticale dei sabbatiani, Dobruska si convertì in giovane età al cattolicesimo, compì una notevole ascesa sociale alla corte asburgica di Vienna ed emigrò poi in Francia, per aderire alla Rivoluzione. Durante il soggiorno parigino prese il nome di Junius (...) Frey, fu assai attivo tra le fila dei giacobini ma riuscì a sopravvivere solo di poco alla propria Philosophie. Accusato di cospirare per conto di potenze straniere, fu ghigliottinato il 5 aprile 1794, al culmine del Terrore, nello stesso giorno in cui anche Georges Jacques Danton saliva sulla forca. Quando apparve, la Philosophie sociale suscitò un notevole interesse, tanto da venir apprezzata nientemeno che da Immanuel Kant. Greco mostra come il lavoro di Dobruska abbia avuto anche altri lettori celebri, che per vari motivi omisero di menzionare, tra le loro fonti, un outsider di dubbia reputazione, su cui pesava una condanna tanto ingiusta quanto infamante. Dalla Philosophie sociale derivano alcuni concetti chiave delle discipline sociali, come le conosciamo oggi. Iniziatore entusiasta e sfortunato, talvolta brillante teorico, Moses Dobruska merita un ruolo a sé nella storia del pensiero sociologico. (shrink)

In the past few years, investors from different European countries have become increasingly interested in the new opportunities that socially responsible investing (SRI) can offer. Empirical research into this subject has often assumed as 'given' the meaning attributed to the terms 'ethical' or 'socially responsible', thus concentrating more on other elements (particularly financial performance). This paper, through the analysis of the characteristics of ethical funds traded in Italy, investigates the possible contents that the terms 'ethical' and/or 'socially responsible' can assume (...) in practice, with particular attention to the underlying values and to how these values are integrated into the selection process. This analysis brings to light the impressive variety of ethical funds traded in Italy. In particular, it reveals the 'Italian model', whose distinguishing characteristics seem to be the following: recentness of issue, options for charitable donations, almost exclusive use of screening strategies, use of 'best in class' and 'minimum tolerance quota' indications, preference for ethical indices, application of commissions no higher than the national average, presence of ethical committees and the utilization of consulting or rating agencies. (shrink)

The paper offers a critical discursive and pragmatic analysis of a corpus of hateful Facebook and Twitters status updates of politicians, political activists and voters in the 2016 pre-and-post election period, in Macedonia. Aiming to determine how power is exerted on social media, the paper focuses on identifying the stance social media users take when posting messages with political content. The analysis first attempted to unveil what speech acts the hateful posts are predominantly composed of, what roles the authors of (...) the posts normally assume, who the hateful political discourse in the given socio-political context is directed to, as well as what are some of the predominant linguistic strategies underlying the analysed hateful comments. The results show that, by using mostly assertive and expressive speech acts, social media users assume mainly the roles of analysts and judges and only subsequently the one of activists, they mostly address politicians directly and they use a lot of negative lexis, rhetorical figures and boosters as interpersonal metadiscourse markers to express their negative stance and exert power and dominance. (shrink)

Hay un gesto performativo de Nietzsche que produce el tránsito de una comunidad humana a una comunidad posthumana: cuando rompe en llanto abrazado al cuello de un caballo, como pasaje en acto del rechazo a la machina animata cartesiana y la pérdida de soberanía sobre su persona. Ese gesto expresa un acontecimiento en la historia del pensamiento filosófico. Nietzsche funda una comunidad a contrapelo de la del rebaño y los iguales. El rechazo de la machina animata cartesiana es el rechazo (...) de la reducción del ser humano a esa cámara oscura en la cual se ha alojado y encerrado: la consciencia. Nos aventuramos con Nietzsche a pensar la posibilidad de una comunidad no humana. Esto supone adentrase en la voz de un solitario que hace comunidad al decir «nosotros», un nosotros del cual él es el primero, que también es nombrado como un «fantasma del futuro», que anuncia una nueva relación tanto con los otros vivientes animales como consigo mismo. (shrink)

Diese Untersuchung behandelt die Auseinandersetzung aus systematisch-theologischer Perspektive mit einem «unsystematischen» Denker, Emil Cioran. Sie versucht im Sinne einer dialogischen Kulturtheologie einen Dialog zwischen der christlichen Theologie orthodoxer Prägung und Cioran zu führen. Dieser Versuch soll von Toleranz als Anerkennung der Legitimität des Anderen und dem Respekt des Fremden als Fremden geprägt sein. Methodologisch untersucht die Arbeit drei Hauptcharakteristika von Ciorans Denken: den Dualismus, die Skepsis und die Mystik. Sie versucht diese mit Hilfe von zwei Strukturierungsprinzipien - dem hermeneutische Dreieck (...) Gott-Mensch-Welt und den sieben Leitebenen zu systematisieren. (shrink)

Este artículo analiza la novela Dos veces junio (2002) de Martín Kohan desde la teoría de los afectos. El narrador de Dos veces junio se caracteriza por la ausencia, la suspensión, la vacilación o la supresión de afectos. Asumiendo que las respuestas afectivas corresponden necesariamente al momento histórico y a la esfera de la cual emergen, el artículo explora esta desafección como un componente esencial del funcionamiento del régimen autoritario que la novela retrata. Así, se sostiene que el afecto es (...) no solo esencial para iluminar una época histórica sino la manera en que el pasado pervive en el presente ya que las inscripciones afectivas son las depositarias del sentido más oculto –y más original– de la memoria. (shrink)

Although political discourse is essentially expected to be fact-based and objective, both practice and research show that literal language in political discourse is very often compounded with figurative language. The paper at hand tackles figurative language use in political interviews. For the purposes of this research, we conducted a critical discourse analysis of a corpus of political interviews given by a former Macedonian female politician – Radmila Shekerinska. The corpus consists of six interviews (with a total duration of about 3 (...) h) in which she answers questions about the political climate and the challenges of North Macedonia in the last couple of decades. The selected interviews are all conducted in English as they are aimed at international audiences and they all fit into the time frame from 2017 to 2021, which practically overlaps with the final years of Shekerinska’s long-standing political career. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research design and focuses, first, on ascertaining the presence of different types of figures of speech in her answers (e.g. metaphors, simile, metonymy, synecdoche, personification, rhetorical questions, idiomatic expressions, proverbs, etc.); then, on identifying the pragmatic functions they perform in the context in which they are used, and finally, on establishing an interface between the figurative language use and the political ideology propagated by this politician. The results point to an extraordinarily resourceful use of a wide spectrum of figurative devices, skillfully intertwined with fact-based political discourse, primarily for addressing highly sensitive political issues, but also for driving important political points home; also, for gaining support from both the domestic and international community regarding the political ideology of this political figure as well as for enhancing the criticism addressed to political adversaries with an additional layer of creative flourish. (shrink)

RESUME Dans cet article, j’aborde la perspective idéaliste de la « Phénoménologie de la perception » pour montrer que, dans cet ouvrage, l’expérience du corps propre est décrite à partir de la vision du cogito. Pour expliciter cet idéalisme, j’analyse la principale voix donnée au corps au début de la pensée de Merleau-Ponty: la voix pathologique. Les troubles de Schneider rendent explicite son impuissance symbolique, et cette impuissance est vraiment l’impuissance du corps. Le sujet malade est un être soumis à (...) la normativité immédiate de la vie, raison par laquelle il peut découvrir à chaque moment la finitude et la fragilité de l’existence. J’évoque par contre les notes du cours au Collège de France, de 1954-1955, sur la passivité et les cours sur la Nature, de 1957-1958, lorsque Merleau-Ponty examine la vie et la naissance du sens à partir d’une perspective tout à fait différente. J’analyse aussi la lecture qu’il a faite du « cas Dora » pour montrer que le philosophe trouve dans l’hystérie une expérience symbolique très particulière. Cette expérience exige la compréhension de la puissance symbolique du corps propre, l’abandon de la position idéaliste et la découverte du pouvoir de l’hystérique de narrer l’expérience de l’être. ABSTRACT In this article, I approach the idealistic perspective of the “Phenomenology of Perception” to show that in that work the experience of the body is described from a vision of the cogito. To explain this idealism, I asses the main voice given to the body in the beginning of the thought of Merleau-Ponty: the pathological voice. Schneider’s disturbances make explicit its symbolic powerlessness, and that powerlessness is in fact the body’s powerlessness. The sick is a being submitted to the immediate normativity of life, reason by which he can find out at every moment the finitude and fragility of existence. On the other hand, I evoke the course notes from Collège de France, of 1954-1955, about passivity, and the courses about Nature, of 1957-1958, when Merleau-Ponty analyses life and the birth in the sense from an entirely different perspective. Also, I analyze the reading of what he to “case Dora” to show that the philosopher finds in hysteria a very particular symbolic experience. This experience requires understanding the symbolic power of the body itself, the abandonment of the idealist position and the discovery of the power of the hysteric of narrating the experience of being. (shrink)

Por meio de uma apresentação sucinta da ontologia de Merleau-Ponty, a qual é de certo modo retomadapela concepção simondoniana de individuação, o artigo analisa as estratégias teóricas utilizadas por Simondonem Deux leçons sur l’animal et l’homme. Trata-se de fornecer ao leitor uma chave de leitura dessa obra por meio desua vinculação com os debates empreendidos por Merleau-Ponty quando este investiga o conceito de naturezaem sua ontologia tardia. Nos dois casos, não se concebe nem a natureza nem o humano por meio (...) de substâncias,o que resulta na possibilidade de pensar uma comunicação entre estes diferentes níveis de individuação. Porém,diferentemente de Merleau-Ponty, Simondon não escreve uma ontologia, mas sim uma ontogênese. (shrink)

Moses Dobruska, born as a Jew in Brno, Moravia in 1753, died on the guillotine in Paris in 1794. His life was adventurous, but the biography is not enough to understand the creative force of this atypical intellectual. Silvana Greco, sociologist of.

Silvana de Souza Ramos and Iracy Ferreira dos Santos Junior’s interview with Emmanuel de Saint Aubert explores the history and role of the Husserl Archives (Paris) in fostering multidisciplinary research in phenomenology. Saint Aubert clarifies Merleau-Ponty’s engagement with Husserl’s manuscripts, describing the situated and complex reading he undertook not only of these manuscripts but also of Husserl’s work as a whole. This aspect is particularly significant for contemporary French philosophical studies, as Merleau-Ponty played a pivotal role in introducing Husserl’s (...) ideas into French thought. This clarification allows us to show the originality of Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy, as it reveals that he was not merely an exegete of Husserl, but a restless and multifaceted thinker, deeply involved in the intellectual and political debates of his time. If he cannot be reduced to a mere reader of Husserl, neither can his later ontology be simply attributed to Heidegger’s influence. Once engaged in a meticulous study of the unfinished manuscripts that Merleau-Ponty left behind due to his premature death, which were drafts for a new book, Saint Aubert conducted a thorough investigation of Merleau-Ponty’s use of key terms in his ontology – chair, Leib, empiétement, chiasmi – showing that these terms do not literally translate or express concepts derived from Husserl or Heidegger. On the contrary, these terms acquire a multifaceted range of meanings in Merleau-Ponty’s writings, nourished by his philosophical readings and meditations, by his scientific and literary refinement, as well as his ethical and political concerns. Saint Aubert’s research, dedicated to the interpretation of Merleau-Ponty’s so-called “unpublished” works, resulted in the publication of five books by Vrin, all guided by a transversal genetic reading of Merleau-Ponty’s work. Additionally, with the help of other researchers, Saint Aubert carefully edited and published several volumes of Merleau-Ponty’s manuscripts. This material, made available in an organized and contextualized manner, is of incomparable richness, allowing for a more precise understanding of Merleau-Ponty’s role in contemporary thought, while also illuminating the meaning of his ontological project. (shrink)

Electoral debates are a win-lose game in which the stakes for the political contenders are extremely high. The antagonistic nature of these encounters very frequently results in impoliteness or face aggravating moves with which the debaters aim to hurt the opponent’s positive or negative face.The aim of this research is to investigate the impoliteness strategies employed by politicians during electoral debates. Garcia-Pastor’s (2008) positive-face and negative-face impoliteness strategies are taken as a starting point in the analysis at hand. The final (...) electoral debate of the 2019 presidential elections in the Republic of North Macedonia is used as a data source for this research, which is based on several different hypotheses and is both qualitatively and quantitative oriented. The findings of the research are in line with the insights gained from previous studies, which, more or less, suggests that Macedonian politicians follow the mainstream “rules” when it comes to using impoliteness in political debates. (shrink)

Over the last few years, there has been an exaggeratedly widespread and frequently confused use of the concepts of 'stakeholder' and 'corporate social responsibility'. However, some interesting insights of both these notions can be found in traditional European business administration studies. In this article, the Italian view will be examined. In particular, this paper investigates the teachings of some of the historical masters of the Italian "Economia Aziendale", with particular attention to the concept of the azienda, its finalism and its (...) essential characteristics, in order to verify some consistencies with the more recent Stakeholder Management Theory. Principles and considerations seem to emerge from EA scholars' seminal works that unequivocally connect ethics with business decisions. EA fits in with SMT in many ways, and the former seems, moreover, to suggest a specific normative point of view from which the role of ethics in business activities can be approached. (shrink)

In Brazil, every study involving human beings is required to produce an informed consent form that must be signed by study participants: this is stated in Resolution 196/96. 1 Consent must be obtained through a specific structured process. Objective: To present the opinions of women regarding how the process of obtaining informed consent should be conducted when women are invited to participate in studies on contraceptive methods. Subjects and Methods: Eight focus groups were conducted, involving a total of 51 women (...) living in the metropolitan region of Campinas. The women involved in the study were either participating in a clinical trial in the area of women's health or had participated in such a trial in the previous 12 months. A thematic guide was used to conduct the focus group discussions; the discussions were recorded, transcribed and a thematic analysis performed. Results: In general, the person who invites a woman to participate in a study should be a member of the research team but not the principal investigator. Information relating to the study should be given orally and in writing, both individually and in the group setting. Study volunteers should be informed about, among other things, the risks, possible side effects and discomforts, including long-term effects. The use of audiovisual aids to provide information was suggested. Conclusion: The process for obtaining informed consent was seen as a means of establishing a relationship between the volunteers and the investigator/research team. The information that the study participants expected to be given coincides with the requirements established under Resolution 196/96. The use of audiovisual aids would improve understanding of the information provided. (shrink)

The paper builds on the stakeholder salience framework and applies a social identity approach to explain family firm dynamics and how these could impact on family firm governance and ethics. In particular, we consider the family as the main stakeholder for family firms and we refer to the recent approaches to stakeholder theory based on ‘names-and-faces’ and on social identity to focus on family members at the individual and organizational level. Family businesses offer an opportunity to study stakeholder salience in (...) settings with multiple logics. Our paper acknowledges how the attributes of legitimacy, power and status, for family business members, can derive from three different institutional settings (family, business and local community) and how these attributes are assigned and gained by family members on the basis of the stakes they put (or could put) on the business. From the analysis of these dynamics specific ethical considerations emerge. (shrink)

No presente artigo, eu gostaria de circunscrever um campo de pesquisa, pertinente à filosofia contemporânea, que poderia ser explorado pela fenomenologia. Mais especificamente, partindo das objeções que Merleau-Ponty endereçou a Husserl, desde a publicação da Fenomenologia da Percepção, quando o filósofo francês mostrou quais são os limites da redução transcendental, pretendo discutir em que sentido seria possível utilizar ferramentas metodológicas da fenomenologia merleau-pontiana para descrever a experiência concreta na Modernidade.

En sus últimos años Foucault dedicó su trabajo a los aspectos de una ética de sí en las relaciones entre sujeto y verdad en la Antigüedad Clásica y Grecorromana, y presentada como una “estética de la existencia”. Este es un giro en la obra de Foucault hacia el plano de la subjetivación, es decir hacia los procesos mediante los cuales el sujeto se constituye a sí mismo, en una relación de sí consigo. Abordaremos esta cuestión tomando la noción de bios (...) como bisagra entre sus estudios sobre el biopoder y sus nuevos trabajos en torno a las tekhne tou biou o artes de la vida, en los que se apunta el estudio sobre las técnicas de sí. Para ello, será necesario comprender las modificaciones que Foucault introduce en Historia de la sexualidad II. Este desplazamiento problemático y metodológico, lejos de ser una salida estetizante a la cuestión del sujeto es, por el contrario, un modo de dar respuesta a la inquietud política de Foucault relativa al presente. Esbozamos a partir de esto último un posible análisis respecto de los modos de constitución del sujeto moral en nuestra contemporaneidad. (shrink)

Meiner nichtreduktionistischen Lesart Gadamers, derzufolge eine wechselseitige konstitutive Relation zwischen "Sprache" und "Erfahrung" besteht, ist es gestattet, den Vorwurf, die Sprachphilosophie Gadamers führe in den Relativismus, den man häufig gegenüber sprachphilosophischen Positionen erhebt, abzuweisen. Manchen Denkern zufolge haben die Philosophen der Postmoderne, zu denen auch Gadamer gezählt wurde, eine einfache Umkehrung der beiden Pole des modernen Verhältnisses "Sprache"--"Erfahrung" vollzogen: Während die Sprache in der Moderne in ihrer Bedingtheit zur Erfahrung und als bloßes Ausdrucksmittel verstanden wurde, wurde dieses Verhältnis in der (...) neueren Philosophie nur umgekehrt, insofern die Philosophie in der Sprache das Fundament für die Erfahrung sehe, wonach die Erfahrung als ein Ausdruck der Sprache erscheine. Die vorliegende Arbeit setzt sich mit diesem Relativismusvorwurf auseinander und beabsichtigt, eine wechselseitige Abhängigkeit zwischen Sprache und Erfahrung ausgehend von Hans-Georg Gadamers Werk zu entwickeln. Um das zu erreichen, wurden zunächst eine doppelte negative-positive Erfahrungsstruktur und dann einige phänomenologische und transzendentale Merkmale der Erfahrung auf dem historischen Hintergrund für Gadamers Erfahrungsbegriff herausgearbeitet. Somit machte sich die konstitutive Sprachlichkeit der Erfahrung erkennbar. In einer Auseinandersetzung mit dem Sprachbegriff auf der anderen Seite wurde sein dialogischer und welterschließender Charakter veranschaulicht, so dass auch seine Angewiesenheit auf die Welterfahrung offenkundig wurde. (shrink)

The article describes the historical-critical method within the field of philosophy and the issues to which it is related, such as the role of the history of philosophy in the development of theoretical philosophy and thedistinction between historiography and history. First, it highlights the relevance of the historical-critical method for philosophy, which is based on the knowledge philosophers should have about the genesis of thinking. Then it analyzes the original sense of the method, understood as a search for historical, cultural, (...) external, and internal factors that influence philosophical works. It, also, addresses history of philosophy as a rational reconstruction of previous doctrines. Finally, it considers the distinction between Historie and Geschichte, which comes from biblical studies, to evaluate the limitations to applying the historical-critical method. To sum up, the article goes from mere documentarism, as a primary form of preserving and recovering information about the progression of philosophical doctrines, through historiography, as a systematic undertaking for chronological ordering with the assistance of specific instruments, to history, as rational and critical reconstruction of thinking, and what in theology -but also in philosophy- is known as Geschichte, that is, the profound happening that provides the fabric of thinking with real meaning. (shrink)

La crisis acontecida a partir de los avances del averroísmo latino y sus sucesivas condenaciones (particularmente la de 1277) produjo una creciente separación de razón y fe, por lo que los vínculos entre metafísica, teología natural y teología sobrenatural se volvieron cada vez más problemáticos. La doctrina escotista de la univocidad del ser tuvo como motivación tratar de superar el hiato, ya evidente, entre el conocimiento metafísico del ente y el conocimiento de Dios intentando fundar la posibilidad de este último. (...) Siglos más tarde, el pensamiento posmoderno, que asume como punto de partida la caída de la metafísica, retoma la doctrina de la univocidad con un propósito diferente: señalar que un orden metafísico de lo real es inexistente. (shrink)

Respondiendo a la incitación a buscar otros mundos lanzada por Louis-Auguste Blanqui, el presente artículo aborda las posibilidades de una ética heterónoma en un sentido pluriversal. A partir de dicha ética se plantean ciertas potencialidades utópicas de la traducción en tanto cosmopolítica.

O artigo analisa - a partir da leitura da Dialética Transcendental - a relação entre a teoria kantiana da objetividade e a demarcação de um uso válido da negação da determinação de objetos.

O artigo investiga o modo pelo qual Merleau-Ponty compreende a experiência do imaginário ao longo de sua obra. Buscamos analisar dois momentos decisivos. No primeiro, enfatizamos a proximidade com a filosofia de Sartre – a despeito das diferenças que os separam, por conta da centralidade do corpo próprio na Fenomenologia da Percepção –, a qual nos convida a pensar a imaginação enquanto exercício da liberdade da consciência. Num segundo momento, Merleau-Ponty se dá conta do idealismo inerente à proposta sartreana e (...) abre campo a uma nova abordagem do imaginário: o filósofo analisa o caráter corpóreo e passivo das produções imaginárias, tendo por referência a psicanálise freudiana e a abordagem do simbólico empreendida por esta. (shrink)

The programme PIBID-EA intends to closer licensees of undergraduate teaching courses with the reality of public schools. By promoting the teacher-researcher training on the basis of implementing collaborative actions between universities and partner schools it aims at encouraging critical questioning of environmental issues, providing appropriate conditions for PIBID-EA-grant fellows initiate school teaching. University lecturers, elementary school supervisors and the school community collaborate in partnership to improve knowledge and develop values and skills for students acting in favour of sustainable society, where (...) Environmental Education is one of the main issues. The partnership acts collectively in the school field, establishing interfaces with social and environmental issues as follows: didactic monitoring, study of the environment and action research. From the interfaces of these actions, three priority axes were elected for the development of socio-environmental activities. Firstly, the “Consolidation of the Committee on Environment and Quality of Life in School”; The second priority axis is the“Construction of Agenda 21 at School”inally, the third axis is the “Youth in Action Project.”. (shrink)

La biografia di Bartolomeo di San Concordio contenuta nella Chronica antiqua del Convento di Santa Caterina di Pisa presenta un modello esemplare di predicatore domenicano, i cui tratti sono lo stile di vita sobrio, la spiccata attitudine allo studio, la vasta produzione letteraria e l’abilità nella predicazione. Al di là degli stereotipi, applicabili a molti frati domenicani, la biografia lascia trasparire alcuni elementi che caratterizzano l’ambiente del convento pisano. In particolare, la metafora della ‘biblioteca vivente’ utilizzata per descrivere la vasta (...) cultura e la straordinaria memoria di Bartolomeo, segnala da una parte l’attenzione alle tecniche della memoria, particolarmente diffusa nell’ ambiente pisano, dall’altra l’instancabile attività di Bartolomeo come autore di compendi e di opere enciclopediche destinate ad una larghissima diffusione. Bartolomeo of St. Concordio’s biography, contained in the “Chronica antiqua” of the Convent of Santa Caterina of Pisa, gives a model of Dominican preacher, whose characteristics are a simple lifestyle, a strong attitude towards studying, a wide literary production and the preaching ability. Beyond these stereotypes, which can be found in many Dominicans, the biography reveals some elements that characterize the environment of the convent of Pisa. In particular, the metaphor of the 'living library', used to describe Bartolomeo’s broad culture and extraordinary memory, draws attention to the techniques of memory, particularly widespread in the environment of Pisa, and describes Bartolomeo’s tireless work in writing “summae” and encyclopaedic works for a large circulation. (shrink)

This article deals with the relationship between the creator of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud, and the Latvian-born Chilean professor of physiology – and endocrinologist and anthropologist – Alejandro (or Alexander) Lipschütz. Up till now, the historiography of psychoanalysis in Chile has ignored the existence of this relationship, that is to say, the fact that there exists an interesting exchange of correspondence as well as references to Lipschütz in some important works published by Freud and in Freud’s correspondence with the Hungarian psychoanalyst (...) Sándor Ferenczi. There are also references to works on psychoanalysis carried out by Lipschütz in Chile. The Freud–Lipschütz relationship allows us to examine two interesting topics in contemporary historiographical approaches to psychoanalysis. First, it permits us to reflect on the connections that Freud and Ferenczi sought to establish between psychoanalysis and biology (endocrinology in particular) as a strategy to address criticism of the scientific foundations of psychoanalysis and, therefore, to help legitimize psychoanalysis in the field of science. Second, the relationship between Freud, working in a culturally influential city such as Vienna, and Lipschütz, working in a ‘peripheral’ country such as Chile, paves the way to reflect on the consequences of a history of psychoanalysis written from the perspective of the ‘margins’. This is a history that focuses not on regions where early industrialization and modernization processes, along with an important academic and scientific tradition, help explain the interest in and reception of psychoanalysis, but on regions where different sets of conditions have to be examined to explain appropriation and dissemination processes. (shrink)

Famous debate between E. Barbaro and G. Pico della Mirandola in 1485 concerning humanism and scholasticism and the role of rhetoric.

Human life history is unique among primates, most notably the extraordinary length of infant dependency and the formation of long-term pair-bonds. Men and women are motivated to remain pair-bonded to maintain the distribution of male-provisioned resources to a woman and her offspring, or to protect offspring from infanticide. Men and women can employ several strategies to retain their mate and prevent their partner from defecting from the relationship, including individual mate retention (behaviors performed alone) and coalitional mate retention (behaviors performed (...) by a close ally). The current research investigates whether men and women with children perform more frequent mate retention behaviors than men and women without children. Participants (n = 1003) currently in a heterosexual romantic relationship completed a survey, reporting whether they had genetic children with their current romantic partner and how frequently they performed various mate retention behaviors. The results indicate that men (n = 262) and women (n = 234) who share genetic children with their current partner performed more frequent individual mate retention behaviors and requested more frequent coalitional mate retention behaviors than men (n = 280) and women (n = 227) who do not share genetic children with their current partner. The results are interpreted as they relate to hypotheses concerning the evolution of pair-bonding in humans, and mate retention behaviors more generally. Limitations of the current research are discussed, and profitable avenues for future research in this domain are suggested. (shrink)

My paper seeks to maintain that in Wittgenstein there is more than the simple and obvious negation of artistic quality as the property of things, and thus a criticism of any essentialism. My reasoning will connect Wittgenstein’s evaluative idea of the aesthetic with its philosophical conception of Aspekt and the self-revealing character of the form. The themes this paper deals with are: the aesthetic judgment; the sensitivity toward rules; the aesthetic judgment as an example of the understanding of meaning. Aesthetic (...) judgments are not to be understood as a philosophical paradigm but as a case of what, for Wittgenstein, is in general the aesthetic understanding of meaning. (shrink)

Intra- and intergroup conflict are likely to have been recurrent features of human evolutionary history; however, little research has investigated the factors that affect men’s combat alliance decisions. The current study investigated whether features of previous one-on-one combat with an opponent affect men’s interest in allying with that opponent for future group combat. Fifty-eight undergraduate men recruited from a psychology department subject pool participated in a one-on-one laboratory fight simulation. We manipulated fight outcome, perceived fighter health asymmetry, and the presence (...) of a witness over six sets of five rounds of fighting. Following each set, we asked men how interested they would be in allying with their opponent for future group combat. We found that men were more interested in allying with their opponent for future group combat if their opponent won the fight or if a witness was present, but perceived fighter-health asymmetry did not affect men’s decision to ally with their opponent. Exploratory analyses revealed a two-way interaction between fight outcome and the presence of a witness, such that winners without a witness present expressed less interest in allying with their opponent for future group combat. Our findings suggest that men attend to the benefits of allying with a man who has demonstrated relatively superior fighting ability. Alliance with a previous opponent for group combat may vary with the relationship value of the opponent and the utility of demonstrating cooperativeness to third-party observers. These findings inform our understanding of coalition formation. (shrink)