Results for 'Shaw Jamie'

971 found
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  1.  51
    Why the Realism Debate Matters for Science Policy: The Case of the Human Brain Project.Jamie Craig Owen Shaw - 2018 - Spontaneous Generations 9 (1):82-98.
    There has been a great deal of skepticism towards the value of the realism/anti-realism debate. More specifically, many have argued that plausible formulations of realism and anti-realism do not differ substantially in any way. In this paper, I argue against this trend by demonstrating how a hypothetical resolution of the debate, through deeper engagement with the historical record, has important implications for our criterion of theory pursuit and science policy. I do this by revisiting Arthur Fine’s ‘small handful’ argument for (...)
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  2.  80
    Feyerabend and manufactured disagreement: reflections on expertise, consensus, and science policy.Jamie Shaw - 2020 - Synthese 198 (Suppl 25):6053-6084.
    Feyerabend is infamous for his defense of pluralism, which he extends to every topic he discusses. Disagreement, a by-product of this pluralism, becomes a sign of flourishing critical communities. In Feyerabend’s political works, he extends this pluralism from science to democratic societies and incorporates his earlier work on scientific methodology into a procedure for designing just policy. However, a description and analysis of Feyerabend’s conception of disagreement is lacking. In this paper, I reconstruct and assess Feyerabend’s conception of disagreement, with (...)
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  3.  56
    Feyerabend’s well-ordered science: how an anarchist distributes funds.Jamie Shaw - 2018 - Synthese 198 (1):419-449.
    To anyone vaguely aware of Feyerabend, the title of this paper would appear as an oxymoron. For Feyerabend, it is often thought, science is an anarchic practice with no discernible structure. Against this trend, I elaborate the groundwork that Feyerabend has provided for the beginnings of an approach to organizing scientific research. Specifically, I argue that Feyerabend’s pluralism, once suitably modified, provides a plausible account of how to organize science. These modifications come from C.S. Peirce’s account of the economics of (...)
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  4. On the very idea of pursuitworthiness.Jamie Shaw - 2022 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 91 (C):103-112.
    Recent philosophical literature has turned its attention towards assessments of how to judge scientific proposals as worthy of further inquiry. Previous work, as well as papers contained within this special issue, propose criteria for pursuitworthiness (Achinstein, 1993; Whitt, 1992; DiMarco & Khalifa, 2019; Laudan, 1977; Shan, 2020; Šešelja et al., 2012). The purpose of this paper is to assess the grounds on which pursuitworthiness demands can be legitimately made. To do this, I propose a challenge to the possibility of even (...)
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  5.  49
    Revisiting the Basic/Applied Science Distinction: The Significance of Urgent Science for Science Funding Policy.Jamie Shaw - 2022 - Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 53 (4):477-499.
    There has been a resurgence between two closely related discussions concerning modern science funding policy. The first revolves around the coherence and usefulness of the distinction between basic and applied science and the second concerns whether science should be free to pursue research according to its own internal standards or pursue socially responsible research agendas that are held accountable to moral or political standards. In this paper, I argue that the distinction between basic and applied science, and the concomitant debate (...)
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  6. Was Feyerabend an anarchist? The structure(s) of ‘anything goes’.Jamie Shaw - 2017 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 64:11-21.
  7. Introduction: Paul Feyerabend's philosophy in the 21st century.Jamie Shaw & Karim Bschir - 2021 - In Karim Bschir & Jamie Shaw, Interpreting Feyerabend: Critical Essays. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
     
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  8.  54
    A Pluralism Worth Having: Feyerabend's Well-Ordered Science.Jamie Shaw - 2018 - Dissertation, University of Western Ontario
    The goal of this dissertation is to reconstruct, critically evaluate, and apply the pluralism of Paul Feyerabend. I conclude by suggesting future points of contact between Feyerabend’s pluralism and topics of interest in contemporary philosophy of science. I begin, in Chapter 1, by reconstructing Feyerabend’s critical philosophy. I show how his published works from 1948 until 1970 show a remarkably consistent argumentative strategy which becomes more refined and general as Feyerabend’s thought matures. Specifically, I argue that Feyerabend develops a persuasive (...)
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  9.  41
    Interpreting Feyerabend: Critical Essays.Karim Bschir & Jamie Shaw (eds.) - 2021 - New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    This collection of new essays interprets and critically evaluates the philosophy of Paul Feyerabend. It offers innovative historical scholarship on Feyerabend's take on topics such as realism, empiricism, mimesis, voluntarism, pluralism, materialism, and the mind-body problem, as well as certain debates in the philosophy of physics. It also considers the ways in which Feyerabend's thought can contribute to contemporary debates in science and public policy, including questions about the nature of scientific methodology, the role of science in society, citizen science, (...)
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  10.  90
    Feyerabend, funding, and the freedom of science: the case of traditional Chinese medicine.Jamie Shaw - 2021 - European Journal for Philosophy of Science 11 (2):1-27.
    From the 1970s onwards, Feyerabend argues against the freedom of science. This will seem strange to some, as his epistemological anarchism is often taken to suggest that scientists should be free of even the most basic and obvious norms of science. His argument against the freedom of science is heavily influenced by his case study of the interference of Chinese communists in mainland China during the 1950s wherein the government forced local universities to continue researching traditional Chinese medicine rather than (...)
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  11. The revolt against rationalism: Feyerabend's critical philosophy.Jamie Shaw - 2020 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 80:110-122.
  12.  68
    Duhem on Good Sense and Theory Pursuit: From Virtue to Social Epistemology.Jamie Shaw - 2020 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 33 (2):67-85.
    ABSTRACT The emerging consensus in the secondary literature on Duhem is that his notion of ‘good sense’ is a virtue of individual scientists that guides them choosie between empirically equal rival theories : 149–159; Ivanova 2010. “Pierre Duhem’s Good Sense as a Guide to Theory Choice.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 41 : 58–64; Fairweather 2011. “The Epistemic Value of Good Sense.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 43 : 139–146; Bhakthavatsalam. “Duhemian Good (...)
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  13. Feyerabend never was an eliminative materialist : Feyerabend's meta-philosophy and the mind-body problem.Jamie Shaw - 2021 - In Karim Bschir & Jamie Shaw, Interpreting Feyerabend: Critical Essays. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
     
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  14.  36
    Peer Review, Innovation, and Predicting the Future of Science: The Scope of Lotteries in Science Funding Policy.Jamie Shaw - forthcoming - Philosophy of Science:1-15.
    Recent science funding policy scholars and practitioners have advocated for the use of lotteries, or elements of random chance, as supplementations of traditional peer review for evaluating grant applications. One of the primary motivations for lotteries is their purported openness to innovative research. The purpose of this paper is to argue that current proponents of funding science by lottery overestimate the viability of peer review and thus unduly restrict the scope of lotteries in science funding practice. I further show how (...)
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  15.  48
    Feyerabend and the Philosophy of Physics.Jamie Shaw & Michael T. Stuart - 2022 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 35 (1):1-4.
    In a reference letter for Feyerabend’s application to UC Berkeley, Carl Hempel writes that ‘Mr. Feyerabend combines a forceful and penetrating analytic mind with a remarkably thorough training and...
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  16.  97
    The Problem of the Empirical Basis in the Popperian Tradition: Popper, Bartley, and Feyerabend.Jamie Shaw - 2020 - Hopos: The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science 10 (2):524-561.
    The problem of the empirical basis is one of the most prominent difficulties within the Popperian tradition. Some claim that Popper’s anti-inductivism and antipsychologism lead to the concession that science has no empirical basis. Recent commentators have focused on this problem in Popper’s methodology. However, the problem also arises in a peculiar way in the thought of two underdiscussed members of the Popperian tradition: William Bartley and Paul Feyerabend. In this article, I aim to accomplish three primary goals. First, I (...)
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  17.  84
    Pluralism, Pragmatism and Functional Explanations.Jamie Shaw - 2016 - Kairos 15 (1):1-18.
    While many philosophers speak of ‘pluralism’ within philosophy of biology, there has been little said about what such pluralism amounts to or what its underlying assumptions are. This has provoked so me anxiety about whether pluralism is compatible with their commitment to naturalism. This paper surveys three prominent pluralist positions ‘integrative pluralism’, and both Peter Godfrey-Smith’s and Beth Preston’s pluralist analyses of functional explanations in evolutionary biology) and demonstrates how all three are committed to a form of pragmatism. This analysis (...)
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  18.  52
    How Can a Taxonomy of Stances Help Clarify Classical Debates on Scientific Change?Hakob Barseghyan & Jamie Shaw - 2017 - Philosophies 2 (4):24.
    In this paper, we demonstrate how a systematic taxonomy of stances can help elucidate two classic debates of the historical turn—the Lakatos–Feyerabend debate concerning theory rejection and the Feyerabend–Kuhn debate about pluralism during normal science. We contend that Kuhn, Feyerabend, and Lakatos were often talking at cross-purposes due to the lack of an agreed upon taxonomy of stances. Specifically, we provide three distinct stances that scientists take towards theories: acceptance of a theory as the best available description of its domain, (...)
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  19.  11
    Feyerabend’s Asymmetry Argument for Epistemological Anarchism.Jamie Shaw - 2025 - In Uri D. Leibowitz, Klodian Coko & Isaac Nevo, Philosophical Theorizing and Its Limits: Anti-Theory in Ethics and Philosophy of Science. Springer.
    Feyerabend’s arguments for epistemological anarchism in Against Method have attracted continued attention from philosophers of science. The complexity of the history of scientific practice and an unrelenting fallibilism, Feyerabend argues, provide crucial motivations for an open-ended theoretical and methodological pluralism. The purpose of this paper is to consider another argument Feyerabend provides in his correspondence with J.J.C. Smart in the mid-1960s that supports epistemological anarchism. My goal, here, is to reconstruct the argument, show how it builds on quieter themes in (...)
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  20.  58
    Bias, Lotteries, and Affirmative Action in Science Funding Policy.Jamie Shaw - forthcoming - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science.
  21.  10
    From Quantum Holism to the Disunity of Science and Social Activism: The Cat-Feyerabend Correspondence.Jordi Cat & Jamie Shaw - 2024 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 37 (4):243-290.
    This essay offers a discussion and contextualisation of a series of letters exchanged between Jordi Cat and Paul Feyerabend from 1989 to 1994. These letters provide insights into Feyerabend’s later thought on a variety of themes including quantum holism, the disunity of science, the development of logical empiricism, and science activism. In doing so, we provide some original analysis and exegesis of Feyerabend’s evolving views on scientific methodology and quantum mechanics by focusing on Feyerabend’s changing attitudes towards Bohm, Bohr, and (...)
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  22. Evaluating and explaining the success of science: A historical perspective.Jamie Shaw - unknown
    The recent literature surrounding the realist/anti-realist debates in the philosophy of science has focused its attention towards the role that history plays in explaining why science is successful and thus approximately true. This has been caused, in large part, by the Pessimistic Meta-Induction (PMI), which has challenged attempted explanations by turning our attention towards the large amount of scientific theories that have been abandoned but were still empirically successful. There will be two primary goals of this paper. The first will (...)
     
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  23.  3
    Paul Feyerabend's "On the Responsibility of Scientists".Jamie Shaw, Kevin Elliott & Deivide Oliveira - forthcoming - Hopos: The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science.
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  24.  34
    A rich resource on scientific knowledge: Kevin McCain and Kostas Kampourakis: What is scientific knowledge? An introduction to contemporary epistemology of science. New York: Routledge, 2019, 328 pp, £ 120 HB.Jamie Shaw - 2020 - Metascience 29 (2):187-191.
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  25.  12
    Feyerabend and the Philosophy of Physics, Part II.Michael T. Stuart & Jamie Shaw - 2024 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 37 (4):155-159.
    Paul K Feyerabend’s engagement with physics started before his engagement with philosophy, and he continued to think about new developments in physics until the end. To understand Feyerabend’s philosophy, therefore, it is crucial to understand his views on physics, many of which have remained unpublished until now. Doing so pays off, not only in helping us to understand the history of philosophy of science, but also insofar as it opens up new resources for contemporary philosophy of physics. The papers collected (...)
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  26.  53
    The Realistic Empiricism of Mach, James, and Russell: Neutral Monism Reconceived ERIC C. BANKS Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014; 217pp.; $95.00. [REVIEW]Jamie Shaw - 2018 - Dialogue 57 (3):648-650.
  27.  87
    Knowledge transfer in theoretical ecology: Implications for incommensurability, voluntarism, and pluralism.Justin Donhauser & Jamie Shaw - 2019 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 77:11-20.
    Well-known epistemologies of science have implications for how best to understand knowledge transfer (KT). Yet, to date, no serious attempt has been made explicate these particular implications. This paper infers views about KT from two popular epistemologies; what we characterize as incommensurabilitist views (after Devitt 2001; Bird 2002, 2008; Sankey and Hoyningen-Huene 2013) and voluntarist views (after van Fraassen 1984; Dupré 2001; Chakravartty 2015). We argue views of the former sort define the methodological, ontological, and social conditions under which research (...)
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  28.  43
    Quantum Ontology: A Guide to the Metaphysics of Quantum Mechanics PETER J. LEWIS Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016; 207 pp.; $35.00. [REVIEW]Jamie Shaw - 2017 - Dialogue 56 (1):185-187.
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  29. What Theoretical Ecology Reveals about Knowledge Transfer.Justin Donhauser & Jamie Shaw - forthcoming - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A:1-20.
    Well-known epistemologies of science have implications for how best to understand knowledge transfer (KT). Yet, to date, no serious attempt has been made to explicate these particular implications. This paper infers views about KT from two popular epistemologies; what we characterize as incommensurabilitist views (after Devitt, 2001; Bird, 2002, 2008; Sankey and Hoyningen-Huene 2013) and voluntarist views (after Van Fraassen, 1984; Dupré, 2001; Chakravartty, 2015). We argue views of the former sort define the methodological, ontological, and social conditions under which (...)
     
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  30. A Diagrammatic Notation for Visualizing Epistemic Entities and Relations.Kye Palider, Ameer Sarwar, Hakob Barseghyan, Paul Patton, Julia Da Silva, Torin Doppelt, Nichole Levesley, Jessica Rapson, Jamie Shaw, Yifang Zhang & Amna Zulfiqar - 2021 - Scientonomy 4:87–139.
    This paper presents a diagrammatic notation for visualizing epistemic entities and relations. The notation was created during the Visualizing Worldviews project funded by the University of Toronto’s Jackman Humanities Institute and has been further developed by the scholars participating in the university’s Research Opportunity Program. Since any systematic diagrammatic notation should be based on a solid ontology of the respective domain, we first outline the current state of the scientonomic ontology. We then proceed to providing diagrammatic tools for visualizing the (...)
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  31. Values, Pluralism, and Pragmatism: Themes from the Work of Matthew J. Brown.Jonathan Y. Tsou, Shaw Jamie & Carla Fehr (eds.) - forthcoming - Cham: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science. Springer.
    This book (edited by Jonathan Y. Tsou, Jamie Shaw, and Carla Fehr) offers eighteen original historical and philosophical essays focused on values in science, scientific pluralism, and pragmatism. These themes have been central in the work of Matthew J. Brown, and the book frames these topics through an engagement with Brown’s broadly ranging work on values in science. The themes of this book are integrated and unified in the pragmatic and value-laden ideal of science defended by Professor Brown (...)
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  32.  46
    Violence Among African Christians Shaw Sacred Violence. African Christians and Sectarian Hatred in the Age of Augustine. Pp. xx + 910, maps. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Paper, £40, US$65 . ISBN: 978-0-521-12725-7. [REVIEW]Jamie Wood - 2012 - The Classical Review 62 (2):612-614.
  33. Karim Bschir and Jamie Shaw, eds. Interpreting Feyerabend: Critical Essays. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021. Pp. xi+256. $99.99 (cloth). IBSN 978-1-108-47199-2. [REVIEW]Rory Kent - 2022 - Hopos: The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science 12 (1):308-311.
  34. Contemporary Ethics: Taking Account of Utilitarianism.William H. Shaw - 1999 - Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell.
    Aimed at undergraduates, _Contemporary Ethics_ presupposes little or no familiarity with ethics and is written in a clear and engaging style. It provides students with a sympathetic but critical guide to utilitarianism, explaining its different forms and exploring the debates it has spawned. The book leads students through a number of current issues in contemporary ethics that are connected to controversies over and within utilitarianism. At the same time, it uses utilitarianism to introduce students to ethics as a subject. In (...)
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  35.  39
    Vaccination status and intensive care unit triage: Is it fair to give unvaccinated Covid‐19 patients equal priority?David Shaw - 2022 - Bioethics 36 (8):883-890.
    This article provides a systematic analysis of the proposal to use Covid‐19 vaccination status as a criterion for admission of patients with Covid‐19 to intensive care units (ICUs) under conditions of resource scarcity. The general consensus is that it is inappropriate to use vaccination status as a criterion because doing so would be unjust; many health systems, including the UK National Health Service, are based on the principle of equality of access to care. However, the analysis reveals that there are (...)
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  36.  29
    Emerging Paradigms for Ethical Review of Research Using Artificial Intelligence.James Shaw - 2022 - American Journal of Bioethics 22 (5):42-44.
    The ethical review of research using methods of artificial intelligence and machine learning in health care contexts has become an important challenge for Research Ethics Boards (also refer...
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  37. De Se Exceptionalism and Frege Puzzles.James R. Shaw - 2019 - Ergo: An Open Access Journal of Philosophy 6:1057-1086.
    De se exceptionalism is the view, notably championed by Perry (1979) and Lewis (1979), that our characteristically 'first-personal' ways of thinking about ourselves present unique challenges to standard views of propositional attitudes like belief. Though the view has won many adherents, it has recently come under a barrage of deserved criticism. A key claim of detractors is that classic examples used to motivate de se exceptionalism from de se ignorance or misidentification are nothing more than familiar Frege-puzzles, which raise no (...)
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  38.  44
    W. E. B. Du Bois and the EVOLUTION OF ‘RACE’.Stephanie J. Shaw - 2022 - Southern Journal of Philosophy 60 (S1):73-101.
    This essay situates the major works of W.E.B. Du Bois and some of his minor work between the 1880s and 1940 in the historical context of black people's writing about race since the eighteenth century. In offering examples of the evolution of black thinking and writing on this topic, it views Du Bois's work in the context of Moral and Ethical Philosophy (rather than the more obvious History, Sociology, and Political Economics) in order to reveal his efforts as a disruption, (...)
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  39.  63
    The Right to Participate in High-Risk Research.David Shaw - 2014 - The Lancet 38:1009 – 1011.
    Institutional review boards (IRBs) have a reputation for impeding research. This reputation is understandable inasmuch as many studies are poorly designed, exploit participants, or do not ask a relevant question , and it is entirely proper that IRBs should reject such proposals. However, IRBs also frequently reject or tamper with perfectly sound and relevant studies in the name of protecting participants from harm, in accordance with the widely accepted message that “clinical research is justified only when participants are protected from (...)
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  40.  43
    Intuition and Moral Philosophy.William H. Shaw - 1980 - American Philosophical Quarterly 17 (2):127 - 134.
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  41.  40
    Risk, Responsibility, Rudeness, and Rules: The Loneliness of the Social Distance Warrior.David M. Shaw - 2021 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 18 (4):589-594.
    We have a responsibility to obey COVID-19 rules, in order to minimize risk. Yet it is still seen as rude to challenge people who do not respect those rules, when in fact the opposite is true; it is rude to increase risk to others. In this paper I analyse the relationship between risk, responsibility, and rudeness by analysing the evolution of the main governmental slogans and rules and explore the complex relationship between simplicity, safety, and perceived fairness of these rules, (...)
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  42.  62
    Virtue Ethics and Contractarianism.Bill Shaw - 1995 - Business Ethics Quarterly 5 (2):297-312.
    The notion of rationality underlying contemporary business and business ethics, or the “rational actor” model of moral decision-making in business, links a roughly utilitarian notion of the good to a contractarian notion of human agency. The “C-Umodel” provides inadequate means for explaining how business people do or ought to behave or think about their behavior, because the notion of rationality upon which it relies is far too narrow a picture of business people’s character. An alternative to these assumptions and to (...)
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  43.  41
    The ethical indefensibility of heartbeat bills.Joshua Shaw - 2022 - Bioethics 36 (8):858-864.
    Recently, several states in the United States have sought to adopt more restrictive abortion policies. Most have tried to enact “heartbeat bills” that prohibit most abortions once a fetal heartbeat becomes detectable. This article explores this question: Are heartbeat bills ethically defensible? I argue that they are not. There are at least four problems with them. First, heartbeat bills rely on a problematic understanding of human death. Second, they contradict and even undermine the leading arguments in ethics against abortion. Third, (...)
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  44.  34
    Slaying vampires in eighteenth-century Sweden.Damian Shaw & Matthew Gibson - 2022 - History of European Ideas 48 (6):744-763.
    ABSTRACT In this article, the first author provides a summary and translation from the Latin of an important early medical lecture on vampires by Nils Retzius. The lecture was delivered in Sweden, at Lund University, in 1737, and was published almost immediately thereafter. This important text has been overlooked by modern scholars of vampires. This article will bring the lecture back into circulation in its first English translation. The second author then offers an analysis of the intellectual background to this (...)
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  45.  32
    Causal discounting and conditional reasoning in children.Nilufa Ali, Anne Schlottmann, Abigail Shaw, Nick Chater & Mike Oaksford - 2010 - In Mike Oaksford & Nick Chater, Cognition and Conditionals: Probability and Logic in Human Thought. Oxford University Press.
  46.  17
    Measuring Creative Self-Efficacy: An Item Response Theory Analysis of the Creative Self-Efficacy Scale.Amy Shaw, Melissa Kapnek & Neil A. Morelli - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    Applying the graded response model within the item response theory framework, the present study analyzes the psychometric properties of Karwowski’s creative self-efficacy scale. With an ethnically diverse sample of US college students, the results suggested that the six items of the CSE scale were well fitted to a latent unidimensional structure. The scale also had adequate measurement precision or reliability, high levels of item discrimination, and an appropriate range of item difficulty. Gender-based differential item functioning analyses confirmed that there were (...)
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  47.  36
    The Spatio-Legal Production of Bodies Through the Legal Fiction of Death.Joshua David Michael Shaw - 2021 - Law and Critique 32 (1):69-90.
    Definitions of death are often referred to as legal fictions since brain death was conceived in the mid-twentieth century. Reference to legal fiction is generally paired with bioethicists’ concern that it facilitates post-mortem tissue donation and the health system generally, by determining death earlier on the continuum of dying and availing more viable tissue and therapeutic resources for others. The author argues that spatio-legal theory, drawing from legal geography, can account for the heterogeneity of effects that the fiction has in (...)
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  48.  23
    Corrigendum: Learning mathematics in two dimensions: a review and look ahead at teaching and learning early childhood mathematics with children's literature.Lucia M. Flevares & Jamie R. Schiff - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5.
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  49. How to tame your Feyerabend. [REVIEW]Michael T. Stuart - 2023 - Metascience 32 (2):173-176.
    This is a book review of Karim Bschir and Jamie Shaw (eds.); Interpreting Feyerabend: critical essays. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021, 290 pp, $99.99 HB.
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  50. What is a biobank? Differing definitions among biobank stakeholders.David Shaw, Bernice Elger & Flora Colledge - 2014 - Clinical Genetics 85 (3):223-7.
    Aim: While there is widespread agreement on the broad aspects of what constitutes a biobank, there is much disagreement regarding the precise definition. This research aimed to describe and analyse the definitions of the term biobank offered by various stakeholders in biobanking. Methods: Interviews were conducted with 36 biobanking stakeholders with international experience currently working in Switzerland. Results: The results show that, in addition to the core concepts of biological samples and linked data, the planned use of samples (including sharing) (...)
     
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