David Hume's Treatise of Human Nature, composed before the author was twenty-eight years old, was published in 1739 and 1740. In revising the late L.A. Selby-Bigge's edition of Hume's Treatise Professor Nidditch corrected verbal errors and took account of Hume's manuscript amendments. He also supplied the text of theof the Treatise following the original 1740 edition and provided an apparatus of variant readings.

Thagard presented a framework for conceptual change in science based on conceptual systems. Thagard challenged belief revision theorists, claiming that traditional belief-revision systems are able to model only the two most conservative types of changes in his framework, but not the more radical ones. The main aim of this work is to take up Thagard’s challenge, presenting a belief-revision-like system able to mirror radical types of conceptual change. We will do that with a conceptual revision system, i.e. a belief-revision-like system (...) that takes conceptual structures as units of revisions. We will show how our conceptual revision and contraction operations satisfy analogous of the AGM postulates at the conceptual level and are able to mimic Thagard’s radical types of conceptual change. (shrink)

The narratives about Khadija in Islamic History sources may be very divided. One of these subjecs is Khadija’s children. Besides there is little information about her daughters, accounts about her sons are diversified. This article approaches the narratives in İslamic History sources about Khadija’s sons.

We show that the physical principle, “the adjoint associates to each state a ‘test’ for that state”, fully characterises the Hermitian adjoint for pure quantum theory, therefore providing the adjoint with operational meaning beyond its standard mathematical definition. Moreover, we demonstrate that for general process theories, which all admit a diagrammatic representation, this physical principle induces a diagrammatic reflection operation.

Tamil: A Biography. By David Shulman. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2016. Pp. xii + 402.

Engaging, interdisciplinary work exploring the influence of the Jansenist tradition on Alexis de Tocqueville's life and works. The most comprehensive treatment of the subject to date.

Well-Mannered Medicine: Medical Ethics and Etiquette in Classical Ayurveda. By Dagmar Wujastyk. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. Pp. vi + 238. $38.95.

This essay gives an extensive treatment of Heidegger's confrontation (Auseinander-setzung) with Nietzsche' thought. It argues that Heidegger's confrontation entails situating what Heidegger calls Nietzsche's "transformed" understanding of the sensuous outside the metaphysics of both Plato and Platonism. The essay establishes, by the end of the second section, that Heidegger's confrontation with Nietzsche's thought culminates with the insight that for Nietzsche sensuousness is metaphysical. The third section of the essay takes as its point of departure Heidegger's intimation at the conclusion of (...) The Will to Power as Art, where he advances the inference that Nietzsche's new grounding of the metaphysical in sensuousness brings along with it "readiness for the gods." The essay offers explicit support for Heidegger's intimation through an analysis of three essential steps, outlined by Nietzsche in The Birth of Tragedy, in which sensuousness proves to be indicative of a way of access to the gods, the dual gods, Apollo and Dionysus, at the origin of Greek tragedy. (shrink)

I propose a novel hyperintensional semantics for belief revision and a corresponding system of dynamic doxastic logic. The main goal of the framework is to reduce some of the idealisations that are common in the belief revision literature and in dynamic epistemic logic. The models of the new framework are primarily based on potentially incomplete or inconsistent collections of information, represented by situations in a situation space. I propose that by shifting the representational focus of doxastic models from belief sets (...) to collections of information, and by defining changes of beliefs as artifacts of changes of information, we can achieve a more realistic account of belief representation and belief change. The proposed dynamic operation suggests a non-classical way of changing beliefs: belief revision occurs in non-explosive environments which allow for a non-monotonic and hyperintensional belief dynamics. A logic that is sound with respect to the semantics is also provided. (shrink)

Most literature about vaccine hesitancy has been focused on parental attitudes. Less attention has been devoted to both scientists and experts who raise criticism about immunization policies and intervene in the public debate. This consideration aims to balance the current emphasis in the literature on parents’ attitudes about vaccination, offering a complementary angle to reframe and widen the controversy. Focusing on scientists and experts, an unattended complex picture of multiple attitudes towards vaccines and vaccinations has been discovered through a qualitative (...) content analysis of texts related to the harsh public debate, held between March 2017 and November 2018, triggered by the legislative proposal of making ten vaccinations mandatory for children. Unlike oversemplications that misleading dichotomies reproduce, the analysis reveals nine different positions along the continuum of immunisation attitudes, ranging from radical acceptance of vaccinations to radical rejection, which constitute a fuzzy set. Consequently, a twofold reality emerges: on the surface, the conflict seems between pro-vaxxers versus hesitant, pro-choice and anti-vaxxers; beneath it is amid standardized versus a varieties of contextual and personalised approaches to health. (shrink)

David Hume's Treatise of Human Nature, was composed before the author was twenty-six years old, was published in 1739 and 1740. Its importance was not generally recognised at the time. Hume, attributing the failure of his Treatise to the manner of its writing rather than the matter is contained, cast the first part of that work anew in the Enquiry concerning Human Understanding, and afterwards continued the same process in the second work contained in this volume, the Enquiry concerning the (...) Principles of Morals. (shrink)

En la última década en la Argentina se implementaron una serie de políticas sociales denominadas socio-productivas, socio-laboral y socio-económicas con el objeto de mejorar la situación de desempleo o precariedad laboral de la población. Las mismas pueden considerarse un modo de compensación de los efectos de exclusión del régimen de producción y acumulación vigente. En este contexto en el año 2009 nace el Plan “Ingreso Social con Trabajo” desde el Ministerio de Desarrollo Social, que declara tener como objetivo generar puestos (...) de trabajo genuino, con igualdad de oportunidades, fundado en el trabajo organizado y comunitario, incentivando e impulsando la formación de organizaciones sociales de trabajadores, quienes tendrán a su cargo el desarrollo de las acciones. El presente artículo intentará analizar dichos objetivos a partir del relato de destinatarias del Plan, revisando tres conceptos claves: cooperativas, trabajo e inclusión. (shrink)

The Archaeology of Bhakti II: Royal Bhakti, Local Bhakti. Edited by Emmanuel Francis and Charlotte Schmid. Collection Indologie, no. 132. Pondicherry: Institut Français de Pondichéry; Paris: École Française d’Extrême-Orient, 2016. Pp. x + 609, illus.

This article presents the historical aspect about Islam in Brazil and analyzes events as the revolt of slaves Males in Bahia and migration of Syrians and Lebanese to Brazil. The aim is showing that the presence of Islam on Brazil in the 19th century, was provided by the trafficking of slaves brought from Africa, Known as Males, don't have connection with Muslim communities who installed here since the 20th century to the immigrations of Syrian and Lebanese. These two historical moments (...) have been reported here from bibliographic research that sought find conditions of possibility of establishment of this religion in the Brazilian field, and the phase of Syrian and Lebanese immigration resulted contemporary communities, at least in the Southeast. In both cases it appears that Islam was a religion in Brazil for foreigners, ethnic, and only now seems open to a mixed reality, with input converted without Arab descent. Notwithstanding, it is observed that even though it was part of a period of history this religion still is regarded with certain strangeness, but presents itself as more one option in the religion context of the country. (shrink)

v. 1. Essays on ethics by the Earl of Shaftesbury, Frances Hutcheson ; Samuel Butler ; Adam Smith ; Jeremy Bentham - v. 2. Essays by Samuel Clarke ; John Balguy ; Richard Price ; John Brown ; John Clarke ; Ralph Cudworth ; John Gay ; Thomas Hobbes ; Henry Home Kames ; John Locke ; John Mandeville ; William Paley ; William Wollaston.

The status of wild capture fisheries has induced many fisheries and conservation scientists to express concerns about the concept of using forage fish after reduction to fishmeal and fish oil, as feed for farmed animals, particularly in aquaculture. However, a very large quantity of forage fish is being also used untransformed (fresh or frozen) globally for other purposes, such as the pet food industry. So far, no attempts have been made to estimate this quantum, and have been omitted in previous (...) fishmeal and fish oil exploitation surveys. On the basis of recently released data on the Australian importation of fresh or frozen fish for the canned cat food industry, here we show that the estimated amount of raw fishery products directly utilized by the cat food industry equates to 2.48 million metric tonnes per year. This estimate, plus the previously reported global fishmeal consumption for the production of dry pet food suggest that 13.5% of the total 39.0 million tonnes of wild caught forage fish is used for purposes other than human food production. This study attempts to bring forth information on the direct use of fresh or frozen forage fish in the pet food sector that appears to have received little attention to this date and that needs to be considered in the global debate on the ethical nature of current practices on the use of forage fish, a limited biological resource. (shrink)

Os desafios evidenciados pela universalização dos direitos por meio do acesso à universidade mercantilista, que excede a questão da origem popular e/ou da tradicional oposição homogeneidade cultural versus heterogeneidade, colocam um conjunto de vicissitudes para o professor, que interroga a si mesmo e que considera digno ou ignóbil endereçar sua palavra professoral aos destinatários com o objetivo de possibilitar a vivência de uma experiência formativa. O nosso problema, como sociedade brasileira, consiste no fato de que instalamos nacionalmente o imaginário de (...) que alguns são mais capazes, enquanto outros estão impossibilitados em razão de suas origens. Essa fantasia tanto orienta os professores, por meio de um raciocínio baseado em um apartheid sociopsicopedagógico, como serve de fundamento para algumas políticas inspiradas no caráter de exceção. Como resultado, são excluídas a dimensão desejante do professor e a implicação subjetiva do aluno em sua passagem pela experiência da vida universitária. (shrink)

O artigo versa sobre a aparição e os desdobramentos de algumas, dentre as principais abordagens da fenomenologia, no que se refere ao problema do sentido intuitivo do dado fenomenológico. Qual sua natureza? Como deve ser teorizada sua objetividade? Bem como, o sentido de sua imediaticidade? É um artigo bastante simplificador do problema, no qual se tem como objeto apresentar a dinâmica do trabalho fenomenológico no período entre 1874 e 1945 a partir de uma brevíssima exposição das polêmicas internas da tradição (...) fenomenológica, com uma sublocação das características do conceito e destas querelas. (shrink)

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain (...) in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. (shrink)

A transferência de informação se estabelece em uma área de conhecimento muito extensa e envolve vários meios de comunicação. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo tem como objetivo conhecer os impactos no processo da transferência da informação no contexto da Ciência Aberta (CA). Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva que utiliza-se como referencial teórico clássicos da Ciência da Informação para assim discutir características, aspectos e as repercussões ocasionadas pelo surgimento da Ciência Aberta. A pesquisa mostra que embora a transferência da informação seja (...) uma ação humana, no âmbito da CA, o foco é referente aos dados que geram a informação, em especial os dados científicos e/ou dados de pesquisa com a finalidade de torná-los abertos (dados digitais abertos). Assim, cria-se uma relação das etapas da transferência da informação destacadas por Shannon e Weaver (transmissor, canal, mensagem, receptor) com a perspectiva da Ciência Aberta, destacando os impactos políticos, sociais, econômicos e científicos. (shrink)

Resumen El objetivo principal del artículo es terminar quién es el Dasein desde el aparecer del mundo en la obra de Martin Heidegger Ser y tiempo. Para ello, se plantea la posibilidad de aprehensión del horizonte del sí mismo del Dasein, en contra de los propios análisis heideggerianos sobre el uno, y, también, se muestra de qué manera la mismidad del Dasein se presupone ya en el modo de aparición del mundo-entorno a través del existenciario significatividad. La conclusión del artículo (...) intentará descubrir los posibles rendimientos fenomenológicos de la apertura del horizonte del sí-mismo del Dasein.The main goal of the paper is to determine who is the Dasein itself from the appearance of the world in the Book of Martin Heidegger Being and time. For this, it raises the possibility of understanding the horizon of the self of Dasein itself differently to Heidegger’s analysis about the they and also it shows how the Selfhood of Dasein is presupposed already in the appearance of the world-environment through the existential meaningfulness. The conclusion of this paper will try to discover the phenomenological yields of Dasein’s openness as horizon of its Selfhood. (shrink)

Neste artigo discute-se a relação entre turismo, fé e religião em torno dos santuários, a partir de três vivências etnográficas revisitadas em forma de flashes multissituados, com revisão bibliográfica parcial. O santuário, em sentido lato, abarca um núcleo central e uma extensa franja, espaciais e simbólicos. Entre o centro e a periferia estendem-se gradações, continuidades e descontinuidades. O santuário, desta forma, é compreendido neste artigo mais por suas sombras e simulacros do que por sua luminosa presença e esplendor, mais pela (...) periferia do que pela centralidade. A questão proposta aqui remete aos espaços intermediários onde religião e turismo se esbarram, se misturam e se contrapõem. Foram três os espaços estudados a partir da metodologia etnográfica, Aparecida, Canção Nova e Ashram-Vrajabhumi. O presente texto defende, portanto, que as franjas dos santuários permitem a reverberação de identidades ambíguas e oscilantes entre uma integridade-unicidade e uma não-integridade/não-unicidade. (shrink)

Dissertação: SANTOS, George Harrison Sena. Religiosidade e Educação: Rap mineiro em perspectiva de libertação. 2014. Dissertação , Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Religião, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte.

Emotion regulation is an umbrella term to describe interactive, goal-dependent explicit and implicit processes that are intended to help an individual manage and shift an emotional experience. The primary window for appropriate emotion regulation development occurs during the infant, toddler, and preschool years. Atypical emotion regulation development is considered a risk factor for mental health problems and has been implicated as a primary mechanism underlying childhood pathologies. Current treatments are predominantly verbal- and behavioral-based and lack the opportunity to practice in-the-moment (...) management of emotionally charged situations. There is also an absence of caregiver-child interaction in these treatment strategies. Based on behavioral and neural support for music as a therapeutic mechanism, the incorporation of intentional music experiences, facilitated by a music therapist, may be one way to address these limitations. Musical Contour Regulation Facilitation is an interactive therapist-child music-based intervention for emotion regulation development practice in preschoolers. The Musical Contour Regulation Facilitation intervention uses the deliberate contour and temporal structure of a music therapy session to mirror the changing flow of the caregiver-child interaction through the alternation of high arousal and low arousal music experiences. The purpose of this paper is to describe the Therapeutic Function of Music, a theory-based description of the structural characteristics for a music-based stimulus to musically facilitate developmentally appropriate high arousal and low arousal in-the-moment emotion regulation experiences. The Therapeutic Function of Music analysis is based on a review of the music theory, music neuroscience, and music development literature and provides a preliminary model of the structural characteristics of the music as a core component of the Musical Contour Regulation Facilitation intervention. (shrink)