Ebû Dâvûd’un Sünen’i, rivâyetü’l-hadis kitaplarının te’lifinin altın çağı olarak bilinen hicrî üçüncü asırda te’lif edilmiş, fakihlerin kendilerinden hüküm istinbât ettikleri ahkâm hadislerini ihtiva eden ve birçok âlim tarafından Kütüb-i Sitte’nin üçüncü kitabı olarak kabul edilen bir hadis kitabıdır. Ebû Dâvûd Mekke’lilere yazdığı mektubunda Sünen’de tahrîc ettiği hadislerin sıhhat durumu hakkında açıklamalarda bulunmuştur. O, bu mektubunda Sünen’in her bâbında bildiği en sahîh hadisleri tahrîc ettiğini ifade ettikten sonra Sünen’de tahrîc ettiği çok zayıf hadisleri beyan ettiğini ve haklarında sükût ettiği yani herhangi (...) bir açıklama yapmadığı hadislerin -ki bunlar Sünen’deki dört bin sekiz yüz hadisin büyük bir çoğunluğunu oluştururlar- ise sâlih/elverişli olduğunu belirtmiştir. Onun bu ifadelerinden ve Sünen’deki vâkıadan hareket ederek Ebû Dâvûd’un ilk şârihi Hattâbî’den günümüze kadar gerek hadis usûlü ve gerekse diğer alanlarda kitap te’lif eden hadis âlimleri, Ebû Dâvûd’un haklarında sükût ettiği hadislerin sıhhat durumu yani onların hepsinin sahîh-hasen olup olmadığı, bir başka ifadeyle onların içerisinde az zayıf ve çok zayıf hadislerin bulunup bulunmadığı hususunda farklı görüşler ileri sürmüşlerdir. Biz bu makalede Sünen’de haklarında sükût edilen hadislerden doğru bir şekilde faydalanabilmeye katkı sağlamak için bu hususta ileri sürülen görüşleri zikredip onların en doğru görünenini belirtmeye çalışacağız. (shrink)

Background: The developments in technology and communication channels, increasing workload, and carelessness cause problems regarding patient privacy and confidentiality in nursing services. Research objectives: The study was conducted to develop a patient privacy scale to identify whether nurses observe or violate patient privacy at workplace. Research design: This research was a methodological and descriptive study. Participants and research context: Participants were 354 nurses working at private hospitals and hospitals affiliated with the Ministry of Health in Istanbul/Turkey. Data were collected with (...) a questionnaire about the demographic characteristics of nurses and their opinions about patient privacy and with patient privacy scale. Ethical considerations: After getting permission from the top management of hospitals, information about the study was given to nurses. Those willing to participate were informed that participation was voluntary and invited to give written consent before data collection. Findings: The content validity index of scale was 0.91, Cronbach’s alpha was 0.93, Spearman–Brown and Guttman coefficients were 0.85, the upper and lower 27% test was −29.65, and item-total correlation values ranged from 0.47 to 0.71. The scale had five subscales. In addition, 49% of the nurses stated that patient privacy was always observed in their services/units. They appraised with a mean score of 4.51 ± 0.49 for the total scale, 4.39 ± 0.61 for confidentiality of personal information and private life, 4.39 ± 0.70 for sexual privacy, 4.56 ± 0.57 for the privacy of those unable to protect themselves, 4.60 ± 0.59 for physical privacy, and 4.60 ± 0.52 for ensuring a favorable environment. Discussion: The findings of this study were in contrast with the results of some international studies which determined the violation of the patient privacy. Conclusion: The patient privacy scale is a valid and reliable tool to collect data on whether nurses observe or violate patient privacy, and the nurses generally reported observing or paying attention to patient privacy in all hospitals and especially private hospitals. (shrink)

Монография предназначена студентам старших курсов высших учебных заведений факультета иностранных языков, аспирантам и преподавателям.

On ethics with special reference to Sufism.

Badawī, ʻAbd al-Raḥmān, 1917-2002; criticism and interpretation.

The purpose of the present study was to address the shortcomings of Cronbach’s alpha concerning the semantic overlap between items. Using an example from a motivational measure, the correction of Cronbach’s alpha was applied by partialing out the effects due to conceptual overlap. The significance of Cronbach’s alpha was tested using simulated random data derived from the measure and by estimating the confidence intervals with known and unknown distributions. The results indicated that the uncorrected conceptual overlap coefficient alpha was equal (...) to 0.89 and 0.66 following the correction. After simulating the corrected statistical results, the distribution of alpha with random numbers had an estimate of 95%, equal to 0.41. The lower bound of the corrected alpha distribution was equal to 0.41, suggesting that the corrected alpha could easily belong to the distribution of alpha developed from simulated random numbers. Thus, the semantic overlap between items on a measure represents a significant threat to the validity of the alpha coefficient. (shrink)

On the life and teachings of Śaṅkarācārya; includes history of Daivadnya Brahmans, Hindu caste in coastal region of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, and Kerala.

Time and narratice technique compared. Two novelists, Heliodorus, 3rd century author of the novel Aethiopica and Sigrid Combüchen, contemporary Swedish novelist using a dystopian Europe around 2050 as a scenic setting. In both stories girls and women are captured and killed by soldiers. Both narrators are external to the story being told, presented in the past tense. But Combüchen´s narrator adopts it as a confession, and a turning point in his career as a commanding general, characterized by"double-bind".

The biblical image of Wisdom as the power who “orders all things well” in nature and in human life can be read in the light of contemporary information theory. Some current scientific speculation offers an interpretation of reality as a vast information‐processing system, in which informational situations are continuously transformed through algorithmic operations. This interpretation finds a metaphysical counterpart in the distinction between “nature natured” and “nature naturing” in the philosophical theology of Samuel Taylor Coleridge. This confluence of religious, metaphysical, (...) and scientific imagery suggests a picture of the world in which the processes of “nature naturing,”“human humaning,” and “God Godding” inform and recur in each other. (shrink)