Results for 'Ryan Cheyne'

973 found
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  1.  70
    A randomised controlled trial of an Intervention to Improve Compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines (IICARus).Ezgi Tanriver-Ayder, Laura J. Gray, Sarah K. McCann, Ian M. Devonshire, Leigh O’Connor, Zeinab Ammar, Sarah Corke, Mahmoud Warda, Evandro Araújo De-Souza, Paolo Roncon, Edward Christopher, Ryan Cheyne, Daniel Baker, Emily Wheater, Marco Cascella, Savannah A. Lynn, Emmanuel Charbonney, Kamil Laban, Cilene Lino de Oliveira, Julija Baginskaite, Joanne Storey, David Ewart Henshall, Ahmed Nazzal, Privjyot Jheeta, Arianna Rinaldi, Teja Gregorc, Anthony Shek, Jennifer Freymann, Natasha A. Karp, Terence J. Quinn, Victor Jones, Kimberley Elaine Wever, Klara Zsofia Gerlei, Mona Hosh, Victoria Hohendorf, Monica Dingwall, Timm Konold, Katrina Blazek, Sarah Antar, Daniel-Cosmin Marcu, Alexandra Bannach-Brown, Paula Grill, Zsanett Bahor, Gillian L. Currie, Fala Cramond, Rosie Moreland, Chris Sena, Jing Liao, Michelle Dohm, Gina Alvino, Alejandra Clark, Gavin Morrison, Catriona MacCallum, Cadi Irvine, Philip Bath, David Howells, Malcolm R. Macleod, Kaitlyn Hair & Emily S. Sena - 2019 - Research Integrity and Peer Review 4 (1).
    BackgroundThe ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) guidelines are widely endorsed but compliance is limited. We sought to determine whether journal-requested completion of an ARRIVE checklist improves full compliance with the guidelines.MethodsIn a randomised controlled trial, manuscripts reporting in vivo animal research submitted to PLOS ONE (March–June 2015) were randomly allocated to either requested completion of an ARRIVE checklist or current standard practice. Authors, academic editors, and peer reviewers were blinded to group allocation. Trained reviewers performed outcome adjudication (...)
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  2. AI through the looking glass: an empirical study of structural social and ethical challenges in AI.Mark Ryan, Nina De Roo, Hao Wang, Vincent Blok & Can Atik - 2024 - AI and Society 1 (1):1-17.
    This paper examines how professionals (N = 32) working on artificial intelligence (AI) view structural AI ethics challenges like injustices and inequalities beyond individual agents' direct intention and control. This paper answers the research question: What are professionals’ perceptions of the structural challenges of AI (in the agri-food sector)? This empirical paper shows that it is essential to broaden the scope of ethics of AI beyond micro- and meso-levels. While ethics guidelines and AI ethics often focus on the responsibility of (...)
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  3. Artifacts: Ontology as Easy as it Gets.Ryan Miller - manuscript
    Amie Thomasson’s Easy Ontology program is influential and attractive, but faces criticism for being too easy in a way that undercuts its realism by failing to recognize objects which don’t fall under known kinds and generating spurious and duplicative objects by mere conceptual engineering. We suggest that restricting the Easy Ontology program to artifacts avoids these difficulties. We also propose an Easy Ontology-inspired analysis of artifact which cuts through the major extant objections to existing analyses. As Thomasson suggests, our special (...)
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  4.  21
    (1 other version)Adam Smith's inquiry into the nature and causes of the death of nations.Ryan Patrick Hanley - 2025 - Constellations 32 (1):184-197.
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  5. The Ethics of Ozempic and Wegovy.Nanette Ryan & Julian Savulescu - forthcoming - Journal of Medical Ethics.
    Semaglutide, sold under the brand names of Ozempic, Rybelsus and Wegovy, is one of the most popular drugs on the market. Manufactured by Novo Nordisk, semaglutide is the newest in a family of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists used most commonly to treat type II diabetes. To date, the results of semaglutide for the treatment of type II diabetes have been overwhelmingly positive. It is for the drug’s effects on appetite suppression and weight loss, however, that have led its surge in (...)
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  6. The functional role of cross-frequency coupling.Ryan T. Canolty & Robert T. Knight - 2010 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 14 (11):506-515.
  7. Going Mental: Why Physicalism Should Not Posit Inscrutable Properties.Liam D. Ryan - 2024 - Erkenntnis 89 (8).
    Some philosophers argue that mental properties are ontologically distinct from physical properties and that, therefore, physicalism ought to be rejected. There are philosophers who feel the force of this challenge but who wish to maintain their physicalism. They suggest that mentality is grounded in inscrutable properties or ‘incrutables’: properties that are not revealed through physical enquiry but that do not violate physicalism. Our analysis reveals that appealing to inscrutables is not a successful strategy for these physicalists, for the following reasons: (...)
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  8.  64
    The philosophy of the social sciences.Alan Ryan - 1970 - London,: Macmillan.
    Applies a philosophical analysis of the natural sciences to the social sciences.
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  9.  26
    Looking for Levels.Ryan Miller - manuscript
    Levels-of-reality talk is common among practicing scientists and philosophers of science, yet such talk of levels has been criticized by Jaegwon Kim, Amie Thomasson, and Angela Potochnik, which I analyze into three objections of increasing strength. The first requires abandoning only some of the wilder claims about levels, while the second prunes off many biological uses, and the third poses serious challenges even for metaphysicians. Metaphysicians who wish to save realism about levels must be prepared to make serious revisions. I (...)
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  10.  33
    Intrinsic Properties and the Problem of “Other Things”.Ryan Wasserman - 2025 - Ratio 38 (1):8-15.
    Intrinsic properties are those which cannot be had or lacked in virtue of other things. Being a square is intrinsic, in this sense, whereas being next to a square is not. But what, exactly, counts as an “other thing” in this context? As it turns out, this is a surprisingly difficult question. I provide a critical assessment of three existing proposals (in terms of identity, mereology, and ontology), before developing my own, alternative account. Along the way, we highlight ways in (...)
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  11.  30
    Institutional Investor Power and Heterogeneity.Lori Verstegen Ryan & Marguerite Schneider - 2003 - Business and Society 42 (4):398-429.
    This article examines the implications of the escalation in institutional inves power and heterogeneity for two dominant theories of corporate governanceagency theory and stakeholder theory. From this analysis, a new view of the agency relationship between institutional investors and their portfolio firms emerges, which recognizes the institutions’ market power, complex role as financial intermediaries, and possible involvement in simultaneous and opposing agency contracts. We also conclude that stakeholder theorists should reconsider these newly empowered shareholders’moral standing in relation to their portfolio (...)
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  12.  15
    Supposition: no Problem for Bilateralism.Ryan Simonelli - forthcoming - Bulletin of the Section of Logic:18 pp..
    In a recent paper, Nils Kürbis argues that bilateral natural deduction systems in which assertions and denials figure as hypothetical assumptions are unintelligible. In this paper, I respond to this claim on two counts. First, I argue that, if we think of bilateralism as a tool for articulating discursive norms, then supposition of assertions and denials in the context of bilateral natural deduction systems is perfectly intelligible. Second, I show that, by transposing such systems into sequent notation, one can make (...)
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  13.  43
    Back to Class: From Equality of Educational Opportunity to Social Equality.Ryan Cox - 2024 - Ethics 135 (1):5-35.
    This article argues for an expansion of the egalitarian toolbox for critiquing systems of education. It begins by examining familiar egalitarian approaches to equality of opportunity and social justice before examining more recent approaches to expanding the egalitarian toolbox defended by Elizabeth Anderson and Debra Satz. It argues that while both the familiar and new approaches form an important part of the egalitarian toolbox, they both have limitations which call for an approach to educational justice more directly concerned with social (...)
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  14.  20
    The Descent of Reason: Reading Plato’s Cave as Psychic Drama.Ryan M. Brown - 2024 - Rhizomata 12 (2):173-215.
    Plato’s Republic is governed by an analogy drawn between the structures of cities and souls. Because the inner workings of souls are difficult to discern, we might better find the soul’s nature and virtues by looking at the city’s nature and virtues. Despite successfully using the analogy to discern the nature of the soul, its virtues, and its proper ordering, the Republic frequently obscures the very analogy that functions as its guiding thread, and it is not at all obvious whether (...)
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  15.  95
    Are machines radically contextualist?Ryan M. Nefdt - 2023 - Mind and Language 38 (3):750-771.
    In this article, I describe a novel position on the semantics of artificial intelligence. I present a problem for the current artificial neural networks used in machine learning, specifically with relation to natural language tasks. I then propose that from a metasemantic level, meaning in machines can best be interpreted as radically contextualist. Finally, I consider what this might mean for human‐level semantic competence from a comparative perspective.
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  16.  40
    Hegel and the Ought.Ryan Froese - 2024 - Review of Metaphysics 78 (1):55-86.
    It is often assumed that Hegel is opposed to "the ought" because he privileges actuality over and against what merely ought to be and what is merely possible. In this paper, the author argues that, far from denying or dismissing their existence, the ought and unactual possibility are ineliminable parts of his metaphysics as laid out in his Science of Logic. However, although Hegel argues for the existence of the ought and unactual possibility, he also demonstrates why the good itself (...)
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  17. A Problem of Variability.Douglas Ryan - 2012 - Philosophical Writings 40 (1):48-66.
    Recently Dimitria Electra Gatzia has argued that individual colour variations present difficulties for both colour objectivism and colour subjectivism (Gatzia 2010). On the objectivist side, she has singled out Byrne and Hilbert’s colour physicalism for criticism (Byrne and Hilbert 2003; 2007). The aim of this paper is to defend Byrne and Hilbert’s colour physicalism against an argument of Gatzia’s.
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  18.  11
    Motivational Internalism and Disinterestedness.Ryan P. Doran - forthcoming - British Journal of Aesthetics:ayae018.
    According to the most important objection to the existence of moral beauty, true judgements of moral beauty are not possible as moral judgements require being motivated to act in line with the moral judgement made, and judgements of beauty require not being motivated to act in any way. Here, I clarify the argument underlying the objection and demonstrate that it does not show that moral beauty does not exist. I present two responses: namely, that the beauty of moral beauty does (...)
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  19. On assimilating identities to the self: A self-determination theory perspective on internalization and integrity within cultures.Richard M. Ryan & Edward L. Deci - 2003 - In Mark R. Leary & June Price Tangney, Handbook of Self and Identity. Guilford Press. pp. 253--272.
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  20. (1 other version)Hobbes's political philosophy.Alan Ryan - 1996 - In Tom Sorell, The Cambridge Companion to Hobbes. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 208--245.
  21.  7
    Pascal’s Philosophical Method.Ryan Patrick Hanley - 2025 - History of Philosophy & Logical Analysis 27 (2):217-232.
    Pascal’s Pensées is often read as a work of religious apologetics. Yet the Pensées in fact deserves to be read philosophically, on the grounds that in the text Pascal develops a sophisticated, original, and philosophically-productive method. This method is grounded in the three discrete types of binaries in the Pensées. This essay examines Pascal’s uses of these three forms of binaries to make two points: first, the exegetical point that for all its seeming haphazardness, the Pensées is in fact organized (...)
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  22.  99
    Explanation, understanding, and control.Ryan Smith - 2014 - Synthese 191 (17):4169-4200.
    There is a recent interest within both philosophy of science as well as within epistemology to provide a defensible account of understanding. In the present article I build on insights from previous work in attempt to provide an account of two related forms of understanding in terms of the ability to form rational intentions when using specific types of mental representations. I propose first that “understanding that X” requires that one form a representation of X and, further, that one must (...)
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  23.  6
    Toward a generative model for emotion dynamics.Oisín Ryan, Fabian Dablander & Jonas M. B. Haslbeck - forthcoming - Psychological Review.
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  24.  13
    Integrating constructivism in the critical dialogue method of clinical ethics.Ryan J. Dougherty, Melanie Jeske & Faith E. Fletcher - 2024 - Journal of Medical Ethics 51 (1):24-25.
    In the wake of injustices in healthcare, the field of clinical ethics consultation would benefit from new methods that support ethicists in addressing the role of intersecting systems of oppression in healthcare decision-making.1 We argue for an expanded view of Delany and colleagues’ critical dialogue method to accomplish this by integrating a constructivist lens.2 By doing so, critical dialogue holds the potential to not only encourage a deeper examination of operating moral assumptions but also offers an important framework for examining (...)
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  25.  14
    Anti-Racism in Clinical Ethics Fellowships: Rising to the Occasion.Ryan Dougherty, Fahmida Hossain & Debjani Mukherjee - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (10):48-50.
    Volume 24, Issue 10, October 2024, Page 48-50.
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  26.  38
    Our evolving beliefs about evolved misbelief.Ryan T. McKay & Daniel C. Dennett - 2009 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 32 (6):541.
  27. Sensorimotor Oscillations Prior to Speech Onset Reflect Altered Motor Networks in Adults Who Stutter.Anna-Maria Mersov, Cecilia Jobst, Douglas O. Cheyne & Luc De Nil - 2016 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 10:213340.
    Adults who stutter (AWS) have demonstrated atypical coordination of motor and sensory regions during speech production. Yet little is known of the speech-motor network in AWS in the brief time window preceding audible speech onset. The purpose of the current study was to characterize neural oscillations in the speech-motor network during preparation for and execution of overt speech production in AWS using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Twelve AWS and twelve age-matched controls were presented with 220 words, each word embedded in a carrier (...)
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  28. Reid on fictional objects and the way of ideas.Ryan Nichols - 2002 - Philosophical Quarterly 52 (209):582-601.
    I argue that Reid adopts a form of Meinongianism about fictional objects because of, not in spite of, his common sense philosophy. According to 'the way of ideas', thoughts take representational states as their immediate intentional objects. In contrast, Reid endorses a direct theory of conception and a heady thesis of first-person privileged access to the contents of our thoughts. He claims that thoughts about centaurs are thoughts of non-existent objects, not thoughts about mental intermediaries, adverbial states or general concepts. (...)
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  29.  8
    Franciscan Writings: Hope amid Ecological Sin and Climate Emergency, by Dawn M. Nothwehr.Gerard J. Ryan - 2024 - Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics 44 (2):413-414.
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  30. Why are there descriptive norms? Because we looked for them.Ryan Muldoon, Chiara Lisciandra & Stephan Hartmann - 2014 - Synthese 191 (18):4409-4429.
    In this work, we present a mathematical model for the emergence of descriptive norms, where the individual decision problem is formalized with the standard Bayesian belief revision machinery. Previous work on the emergence of descriptive norms has relied on heuristic modeling. In this paper we show that with a Bayesian model we can provide a more general picture of the emergence of norms, which helps to motivate the assumptions made in heuristic models. In our model, the priors formalize the belief (...)
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  31.  60
    Another Use of the Concept of the Simulacrum: Deleuze, Lucretius and the Practical Critique of Demystification.Ryan J. Johnson - 2014 - Deleuze and Guatarri Studies 8 (1):70-93.
    While many of the most important figures in the history of philosophy have employed the concept of the simulacrum in one way or another, a detailed study of this usage has yet to be written. In this essay, I will attempt to tell the story of a sequence in that history of that usage, by focusing on one of Deleuze's case studies of the concept of the simulacrum. To do so, I will focus primarily on one the appendices to The (...)
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  32.  80
    Do Brains Have an Arrow of Time?Ryan Smith - 2014 - Philosophy of Science 81 (2):265-275.
    There is a persisting tension that exists between the block universe conception of time in modern physics and philosophy and the conception of time that stems naturally from experience, and entropic asymmetries have been proposed to explain this tension. This article argues that as biochemical processes in the brain depend upon spontaneous entropy increases in the forward-time direction, this should provide an entropic basis for the unidirectionality of psychological processes. As this view does not depend on considerations of abstract information (...)
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  33.  5
    Derrida, Différance, and a Materialism without Substance.Ryan S. Bingham - 2024 - Symposium 28 (2):198-223.
    Near the end of his 1993 Specters of Marx, Jacques Derrida makes a subtle appeal to a “materialism without substance: a materialism of the khôra for a despairing ‘messianism.’” Here, I investigate the hardly suspected role of this materialism in the emergence of Derrida’s early notion of différance. I begin by outlining and explicating for the first time Derrida’s unpublished 1961 khōra interpretation. I then track its implicit convergence with Derrida’s 1962–64 engagement with messianic eschatology, followed by the repetition of (...)
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  34. Is Truth Valuable?Ryan Christensen - 2013 - Philosophy 88 (3):451-466.
    This paper examines a puzzle about whether truth is a valuable property: Valuable properties, like beauty and moral goodness, come in degrees; but truth does not come in degrees. Hence, the argument concludes, truth is not valuable. This result is puzzling since it seems to conflict with a deep intuition that truth is valuable. It is suggested that a roughly Platonic theory, on which truth is distinguished into two different concepts, gives a satisfying answer to the puzzle. One of these (...)
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  35.  4
    "Clerical" and "Lay" as Analogous Terms.Ryan Miller - 2024 - Nova et Vetera 22 (4):1199-1214.
    The Code of Canon Law defines the laity simply as the non-ordained. While helpfully direct and often useful, this definition gives no hint as to why non-ordained religious may not always count among the laity, nor of how the function and mission of the laity could be defined in positive terms. I propose to resolve these difficulties by understanding the Biblical foundations of “clerical” and “lay” (κλῆρος and λαός) as essentially related by analogy of proper proportionality, with clerics as the (...)
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  36.  66
    Natural Philosophy and its Limits in the Scottish Enlightenment.Ryan Nichols - 2007 - The Monist 90 (2):233-250.
  37.  6
    Homo mimeticus, Wayward lives, and The biology of adversity and resilience: Early life adversity and the politics of fabulation.Kevin Ryan - 2025 - Constellations 32 (1):169-183.
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  38. (1 other version)The philosophy of John Stuart Mill.Alan Ryan - 1970 - London,: Macmillan.
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  39.  45
    Stout, Rawls, and the Idea of Public Reason.Phil Ryan - 2014 - Journal of Religious Ethics 42 (3):540-562.
    Jeffrey Stout claims that John Rawls's idea of public reason (IPR) has contributed to a Christian backlash against liberalism. This essay argues that those whom Stout calls “antiliberal traditionalists” have misunderstood Rawls in important ways, and goes on to consider Stout's own critiques of the IPR. While Rawls's idea is often interpreted as a blanket prohibition on religious reasoning outside church and home, the essay will show that the very viability of the IPR depends upon a rich culture of deliberation (...)
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  40. On the plurality of times: disunified time and the A-series.Ryan Nefdt - 2013 - South African Journal of Philosophy 32 (3):249-260.
    In this paper, I investigate the nature of the metaphysical possibility of disunified time. A possibility that I argue presents unique problems for those who adhere to a strict A-theory of time, particularly those A-theorists who propose a presentist view. The first part of the paper discusses various arguments against the coherence of the concept of disunified time. I attempt to discount each of these objections and show that disunified time is indeed a possible and consistent topology of time. Then, (...)
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  41.  81
    Is Stuxnet Physical? Does It Matter?Ryan Jenkins - 2013 - Journal of Military Ethics 12 (1):68-79.
    Cyberweapons are software and software, at least intuitively, is nonphysical. Several authors have noted that this potentially renders problematic the application of normative frameworks like UN Charter Article 2(4) to cyberweapons. If Article 2(4) only proscribes the use of physical force, and if cyberweapons are nonphysical, then cyberweapons fall outside the purview of Article 2(4). This article explores the physicality of software, examining Stuxnet in particular. First, I show that with a few relatively uncontroversial metaphysical claims we can secure the (...)
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  42. Evaluating the State of Nature through Gameplay.Ryan Pollock - 2014 - Teaching Philosophy 37 (1):57-72.
    In this paper I present an in-class game designed to simulate the dynamics of the state of nature. I first explain the mechanics of the game, and how to administer it in the classroom. Then I address how the game can help introduce students to a number of important topics in political philosophy. In broad terms, the game serves to generate discussion regarding to main questions. (1) How does civil society come about? (2) Is the state of nature and the (...)
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  43.  13
    Mere Appearance or More? A Crux at Phaedo 74b–c Revisited.Ryan Bitetti Putzer - 2024 - Méthexis 36 (1):95-112.
    The non-identity argument at Phaedo 74b–c is among the most studied and disputed arguments in Plato’s dialogues. In the passage, equality is distinguished from perceptible equals insofar as the latter sometimes appear (phainetai) unequal. A long-standing crux is whether the distinction concerns perceptible equals’ merely appearing unequal or actually being so. A fresh approach to the construal of the verb phainomai is taken here and shown to favor the latter view, thereby securing a stronger argument for non-identity.
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  44.  48
    Noblesse Oblige: Theological Differences Between Humans and Animals and What They Imply Morally.Ryan Patrick McLaughlin - 2011 - Journal of Animal Ethics 1 (2):132-149.
    The author reviews the work of select theologians, ethicists, and biblical scholars who suggest that the difference between humans and animals should serve not solely as an ascription of a special status to humans but also as the foundation for a responsibility that humans bear toward animals. As an added reflection, the author explores common categorical differentiations in systematic theology: God and creation, human and nonhuman, elect and non-elect. In the first and last of these categorical differentiations, unique identity entails (...)
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  45.  96
    Cultural Botany: Toward a Model of Transdisciplinary, Embodied, and Poetic Research Into Plants.John C. Ryan - unknown
    Since the eighteenth century, the study of plants has reflected an increasingly mechanized and technological view of the natural world that divides the humanities and the natual sciences. In broad terms, this article proposes a context for research into flora through an interrogation of existing literature addressing a rapprochement between ways to knowledge. The natureculture dichotomy, and more specifically the plant-to-human sensory disjunction, follows a parallel course of resolution to the schism between objective and subjective forms of knowledge. The foundations (...)
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  46. Responsibility, Authority, and the Community of Moral Agents in Domestic and International Criminal Law.Ryan Long - 2014 - International Criminal Law Review 14 (4-5):836 – 854.
    Antony Duff argues that the criminal law’s characteristic function is to hold people responsible. It only has the authority to do this when the person who is called to account, and those who call her to account, share some prior relationship. In systems of domestic criminal law, this relationship is co-citizenship. The polity is the relevant community. In international criminal law, the relevant community is simply the moral community of humanity. I am sympathetic to his community-based analysis, but argue that (...)
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  47.  66
    Scientific Models and Political Theory: The Ideal Theory Debate Revisited.Ryan M. Nefdt - 2021 - Theoria 87 (6):1585-1608.
    Political philosophy has traditionally been defined as a normative discipline with a distinctively ideal component, largely informed by moral philosophy. In this paper, I investigate a prominent critique of ideal theory specifically with the goal of resituating the debate within a larger framework in the philosophy of science. I then mount a novel case for how ideal theory should be viewed in terms of scientific modelling. I close with a discussion of how this view can dissolve apparent paradoxes and provide (...)
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  48.  45
    Should Civil Liberties Have Strict Priority?Ryan Pevnick - 2015 - Law and Philosophy 34 (5):519-549.
    Many political controversies involve conflicts between civil liberties and other important social goals. The orthodox view in liberal political theory is that civil liberties must be given strict priority over competing social goals because of the importance of the interests advanced by such liberties and/or their role in upholding the status of citizens. This paper criticizes both lines of argument. Interest-based arguments fail because we are sometimes willing to sacrifice the very fundamental interests of some citizens in order to advance (...)
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  49. Immersion vs. Interactivity: Virtual Reality and Literary Theory.Marie-Laure Ryan - 1999 - Substance 28 (2):110-137.
  50.  41
    Philosophy Through Science Fiction: A Coursebook with Readings.Ryan Nichols, Nicholas D. Smith & Fred Dycus Miller (eds.) - 2008 - Routledge.
    _Philosophy Through Science Fiction_ offers a fun, challenging, and accessible way in to the issues of philosophy through the genre of science fiction. Tackling problems such as the possibility of time travel, or what makes someone the same person over time, the authors take a four-pronged approach to each issue, providing · a clear and concise introduction to each subject · a science fiction story that exemplifies a feature of the philosophical discussion · historical and contemporary philosophical texts that investigate (...)
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