Results for 'Rational analysis'

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  1. A Rational Analysis of the Acquisition of Multisensory Representations.Ilker Yildirim & Robert A. Jacobs - 2012 - Cognitive Science 36 (2):305-332.
    How do people learn multisensory, or amodal, representations, and what consequences do these representations have for perceptual performance? We address this question by performing a rational analysis of the problem of learning multisensory representations. This analysis makes use of a Bayesian nonparametric model that acquires latent multisensory features that optimally explain the unisensory features arising in individual sensory modalities. The model qualitatively accounts for several important aspects of multisensory perception: (a) it integrates information from multiple sensory sources (...)
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  2.  59
    Resource-rational analysis: understanding human cognition as the optimal use of limited computational resources.Falk Lieder & Thomas L. Griffiths - forthcoming - Behavioral and Brain Sciences:1-85.
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  3.  41
    A Rational Analysis of Rule‐Based Concept Learning.Noah D. Goodman, Joshua B. Tenenbaum, Jacob Feldman & Thomas L. Griffiths - 2008 - Cognitive Science 32 (1):108-154.
    This article proposes a new model of human concept learning that provides a rational analysis of learning feature‐based concepts. This model is built upon Bayesian inference for a grammatically structured hypothesis space—a concept language of logical rules. This article compares the model predictions to human generalization judgments in several well‐known category learning experiments, and finds good agreement for both average and individual participant generalizations. This article further investigates judgments for a broad set of 7‐feature concepts—a more natural setting (...)
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  4.  75
    A rational analysis of the selection task as optimal data selection.Mike Oaksford & Nick Chater - 1994 - Psychological Review 101 (4):608-631.
  5. The rational analysis of mind and behavior.Nick Chater & Mike Oaksford - 2000 - Synthese 122 (1-2):93-131.
    Rational analysis (Anderson 1990, 1991a) is an empiricalprogram of attempting to explain why the cognitive system isadaptive, with respect to its goals and the structure of itsenvironment. We argue that rational analysis has two importantimplications for philosophical debate concerning rationality. First,rational analysis provides a model for the relationship betweenformal principles of rationality (such as probability or decisiontheory) and everyday rationality, in the sense of successfulthought and action in daily life. Second, applying the program ofrational (...)
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  6.  16
    A rational analysis and computational modeling perspective on IAM and déjà vu.Justin Li, Steven Jones & John Laird - 2023 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 46:e367.
    The proposed memory architecture by Barzykowski and Moulin is compelling, and could be improved by incorporating a rational analysis of the functional roles of involuntary autobiographical memory and déjà vu. Additionally, modeling these phenomena computationally would remove ambiguities from the proposal. We provide examples of past work that illustrate how the phenomena may be described more precisely.
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  7.  24
    The rational analysis of human cognition.Nick Chater & Mike Oaksford - 2002 - In José Luis Bermúdez & Alan Millar (eds.), Reason and Nature: Essays in the Theory of Rationality. New York: Clarendon Press. pp. 135--174.
  8. Bayes, Bounds, and Rational Analysis.Thomas F. Icard - 2018 - Philosophy of Science 85 (1):79-101.
    While Bayesian models have been applied to an impressive range of cognitive phenomena, methodological challenges have been leveled concerning their role in the program of rational analysis. The focus of the current article is on computational impediments to probabilistic inference and related puzzles about empirical confirmation of these models. The proposal is to rethink the role of Bayesian methods in rational analysis, to adopt an independently motivated notion of rationality appropriate for computationally bounded agents, and to (...)
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  9. A rational analysis of production system architecture. Anderson Jr & N. Kushmerick - 1990 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 28 (6):509-509.
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  10. How could a rational analysis model explain?Samuli Reijula - 2017 - COGSCI 2017: 39th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society,.
    Rational analysis is an influential but contested account of how probabilistic modeling can be used to construct non-mechanistic but self-standing explanatory models of the mind. In this paper, I disentangle and assess several possible explanatory contributions which could be attributed to rational analysis. Although existing models suffer from evidential problems that question their explanatory power, I argue that rational analysis modeling can complement mechanistic theorizing by providing models of environmental affordances.
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  11. Rational analysis, intractability, and the prospects of ‘as if’-explanations.Iris van Rooij, Johan Kwisthout, Todd Wareham & Cory Wright - 2018 - Synthese 195 (2):491-510.
    Despite their success in describing and predicting cognitive behavior, the plausibility of so-called ‘rational explanations’ is often contested on the grounds of computational intractability. Several cognitive scientists have argued that such intractability is an orthogonal pseudoproblem, however, since rational explanations account for the ‘why’ of cognition but are agnostic about the ‘how’. Their central premise is that humans do not actually perform the rational calculations posited by their models, but only act as if they do. Whether or (...)
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  12. Does rational analysis stand up to rational analysis?Jonathan St B. T. Evans - 2009 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 32 (1):88-89.
    I agree with Oaksford & Chater (O&C) that human beings resemble Bayesian reasoners much more closely than ones engaging standard logic. However, I have many problems with their framework, which appears to be rooted in normative rather than ecological rationality. The authors also overstate everyday rationality and neglect to account for much relevant psychological work on reasoning.
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  13. A rational analysis of confirmation with deterministic hypotheses.J. Austerweil & T. Griffiths - 2008 - In B. C. Love, K. McRae & V. M. Sloutsky (eds.), Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society. pp. 1041--1046.
     
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  14.  21
    The value of rational analysis: An assessment of causal reasoning and learning.S. A. Sloman & Philip M. Fernbach - 2008 - In Nick Chater & Mike Oaksford (eds.), The Probabilistic Mind: Prospects for Bayesian Cognitive Science. Oxford University Press. pp. 486--500.
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  15.  31
    Rational analysis will not throw off the yoke of the precision-importance trade-off function.Wolfgang Schwarz - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (3):501-502.
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  16.  29
    Rational analysis and illogical inference.Edmund Fantino & Stephanie Stolarz-Fantino - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (3):494-494.
  17.  47
    Rational analysis and the Lens model.Reid Hastie & Kenneth R. Hammond - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (3):498-498.
  18.  30
    Compositionality in rational analysis: Grammar-based induction for concept learning.Noah D. Goodman, Joshua B. Tenenbaum, Thomas L. Griffiths & Jacob Feldman - 2008 - In Nick Chater & Mike Oaksford (eds.), The Probabilistic Mind: Prospects for Bayesian Cognitive Science. Oxford University Press.
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  19.  26
    Rational analysis: Too rational for comfort?Ronald de Sousa - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (3):492-492.
  20. The value of rational analysis: an assessment of causal reasoning and learning.Steven Sloman & Fernbach & M. Philip - 2008 - In Nick Chater & Mike Oaksford (eds.), The Probabilistic Mind: Prospects for Bayesian Cognitive Science. Oxford University Press.
     
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  21. Meeting in the Dark Room: Bayesian Rational Analysis and Hierarchical Predictive Coding,.Sascha Benjamin Fink & Carlos Zednik - 2017 - Philosophy and Predictive Processing.
    At least two distinct modeling frameworks contribute to the view that mind and brain are Bayesian: Bayesian Rational Analysis (BRA) and Hierarchical Predictive Coding (HPC). What is the relative contribution of each, and how exactly do they relate? In order to answer this question, we compare the way in which these two modeling frameworks address different levels of analysis within Marr’s tripartite conception of explanation in cognitive science. Whereas BRA answers questions at the computational level only, many (...)
     
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  22.  20
    Box 1. Rational analysis and evolutionary psychology.N. Chater, M. Oaksford, Nick Chater & Mike Oaksford - 1999 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 3 (2):57-65.
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  23.  21
    Rational analysis as a link between human memory and information retrieval.Mark Steyvers & Thomas L. Griffiths - 2008 - In Nick Chater & Mike Oaksford (eds.), The Probabilistic Mind: Prospects for Bayesian Cognitive Science. Oxford University Press. pp. 329--349.
  24.  53
    Adaptive Non‐Interventional Heuristics for Covariation Detection in Causal Induction: Model Comparison and Rational Analysis.Masasi Hattori & Mike Oaksford - 2007 - Cognitive Science 31 (5):765-814.
    In this article, 41 models of covariation detection from 2 × 2 contingency tables were evaluated against past data in the literature and against data from new experiments. A new model was also included based on a limiting case of the normative phi‐coefficient under an extreme rarity assumption, which has been shown to be an important factor in covariation detection (McKenzie & Mikkelsen, 2007) and data selection (Hattori, 2002; Oaksford & Chater, 1994, 2003). The results were supportive of the new (...)
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  25. Rational analysis as a link between human memory and information retrieval.Mark Steyvers & Griffiths & L. Thomas - 2008 - In Nick Chater & Mike Oaksford (eds.), The Probabilistic Mind: Prospects for Bayesian Cognitive Science. Oxford University Press.
  26.  1
    Does Stimulus Category Coherence Influence Visual Working Memory? A Rational Analysis.Ruoyang Hu & Robert A. Jacobs - 2024 - Cognitive Science 48 (9):e13498.
    Visual working memory (VWM) refers to the temporary storage and manipulation of visual information. Although visually different, objects we view and remember can share the same higher-level category information, such as an apple, orange, and banana all being classified as fruit. We study the influence of category information on VWM, focusing on the question of whether stimulus category coherence (i.e., whether all to-be-remembered items belong to the same semantic category) influences VWM performance. This question is addressed in two behavioral experiments (...)
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  27. Identifying Optimum Performance Trade-Offs Using a Cognitively Bounded Rational Analysis Model of Discretionary Task Interleaving.Christian P. Janssen, Duncan P. Brumby, John Dowell, Nick Chater & Andrew Howes - 2011 - Topics in Cognitive Science 3 (1):123-139.
    We report the results of a dual-task study in which participants performed a tracking and typing task under various experimental conditions. An objective payoff function was used to provide explicit feedback on how participants should trade off performance between the tasks. Results show that participants’ dual-task interleaving strategy was sensitive to changes in the difficulty of the tracking task and resulted in differences in overall task performance. To test the hypothesis that people select strategies that maximize payoff, a Cognitively Bounded (...)
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  28.  18
    More on rational analysis.John R. Anderson - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (3):508-517.
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  29.  28
    Adaptivity and rational analysis.Bradley W. Dickinson - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (3):492-493.
  30.  3
    Challenges of meta-learning and rational analysis in large worlds.Margherita Calderan & Antonino Visalli - 2024 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 47:e148.
    We challenge Binz et al.'s claim of meta-learned model superiority over Bayesian inference for large world problems. While comparing Bayesian priors to model-training decisions, we question meta-learning feature exclusivity. We assert no special justification for rational Bayesian solutions to large world problems, advocating exploring diverse theoretical frameworks beyond rational analysis of cognition for research advancement.
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  31.  42
    The soft constraints hypothesis: A rational analysis approach to resource allocation for interactive behavior.Wayne D. Gray, Chris R. Sims, Wai-Tat Fu & Michael J. Schoelles - 2006 - Psychological Review 113 (3):461-482.
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  32.  27
    Reconciling novelty and complexity through a rational analysis of curiosity.Rachit Dubey & Thomas L. Griffiths - 2020 - Psychological Review 127 (3):455-476.
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  33.  47
    The rational and the real: Some doubts about the programme of 'rational analysis'.E. J. Lowe - 2002 - In José Luis Bermúdez & Alan Millar (eds.), Reason and Nature: Essays in the Theory of Rationality. New York: Clarendon Press. pp. 175.
  34. Compositionality in rational analysis: grammar-based induction for concept learning.Noah D. Goodman, Joshua B. Tenenbaum, Thomas L. Griffiths & Feldman & Jacob - 2008 - In Nick Chater & Mike Oaksford (eds.), The Probabilistic Mind: Prospects for Bayesian Cognitive Science. Oxford University Press.
     
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  35.  99
    Rational Use of Cognitive Resources: Levels of Analysis Between the Computational and the Algorithmic.Thomas L. Griffiths, Falk Lieder & Noah D. Goodman - 2015 - Topics in Cognitive Science 7 (2):217-229.
    Marr's levels of analysis—computational, algorithmic, and implementation—have served cognitive science well over the last 30 years. But the recent increase in the popularity of the computational level raises a new challenge: How do we begin to relate models at different levels of analysis? We propose that it is possible to define levels of analysis that lie between the computational and the algorithmic, providing a way to build a bridge between computational- and algorithmic-level models. The key idea is (...)
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  36.  46
    Rational Task Analysis: A Methodology to Benchmark Bounded Rationality.Hansjörg Neth, Chris R. Sims & Wayne D. Gray - 2016 - Minds and Machines 26 (1-2):125-148.
    How can we study bounded rationality? We answer this question by proposing rational task analysis —a systematic approach that prevents experimental researchers from drawing premature conclusions regarding the rationality of agents. RTA is a methodology and perspective that is anchored in the notion of bounded rationality and aids in the unbiased interpretation of results and the design of more conclusive experimental paradigms. RTA focuses on concrete tasks as the primary interface between agents and environments and requires explicating essential (...)
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  37.  19
    Fundamentals of Hinduism: A Rational Analysis.Richard W. Lariviere & P. L. Bhargava - 1984 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 104 (2):338.
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  38.  26
    On the nonapplicability of a rational analysis to human cognition.Eldar Shafir - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (3):502-503.
  39.  29
    Probing the “Achilles' heel” of rational analysis.Keith J. Holyoak - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (3):498-499.
  40.  14
    Rationality: An Essay Towards an Analysis.Jonathan Bennett - 1989 - London, England: Hackett Publishing Company.
    This stimulating work takes the concept of 'rationality', a concept that more than any other is supposed to express the essence of what it means to be human, and submits it to a careful and penetrating analysis. The conclusions drawn often challenge those previously suggested by both philosophers and psychologists.
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  41. Rationality, meaning, and the analysis of delusion.John Campbell - 2001 - Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology 8 (2-3):89-100.
  42.  19
    Reinventing Rationality: The Role of Regulatory Analysis in the Federal Bureaucracy.Thomas O. McGarity - 1991 - Cambridge University Press.
    In this book, Professor McGarity reveals the complex and problematic relationship between the 'regulatory reform' movements initiated in the early l970s and the United States' federal bureaucracy. Examining both the theory and application of 'regulatory reform' under the Reagan administration, the author succeeds in offering both a relevant analysis and critique of 'regulatory reform' and its implementation through bureaucratic channels. Using several case studies from the early Reagan years, this book describes the clash of regulatory cultures resulting from the (...)
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  43.  27
    Functional analysis and the problem of rationality.Roy Turner - 1966 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 9 (1-4):262 – 273.
    Functional analysis rescued religion from the oblivion to which positiviste would have consigned it, by taking 'society' rather than the individual act as the unit of analysis. The history of functionalism has been a record of increasing concern with such holistic units as societies and social systems. One consequence of this shift away from social action (in the Weberian sense) is that the issue of rationality has become largely redundant. Yet the problem remains: How do we account for (...)
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  44. (1 other version)Rationality and emotions (the perspectives of logical-cognitive analysis).Olga Korpalo - 1999 - Theoria 14 (34):109-127.
    This article is an extension of the author’s previous work on this subject. Primarily it outlines the main directions of this mode of analysis and possible fields to which it could be applied. The first chapter demonstrates a specific method of understanding emotions. The second chapter examines the concept of emotions as a source of the specific modes of “internal” rationality of an agent. The third chapter isdevoted to a comparison between various emotions and the two basic intentional states (...)
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  45.  52
    Rational Engineering Principles in Synthetic Biology: A Framework for Quantitative Analysis and an Initial Assessment.Bernd Giese, Stefan Koenigstein, Henning Wigger, Jan C. Schmidt & Arnim von Gleich - 2013 - Biological Theory 8 (4):324-333.
    The term “synthetic biology” is a popular label of an emerging biotechnological field with strong claims to robustness, modularity, and controlled construction, finally enabling the creation of new organisms. Although the research community is heterogeneous, it advocates a common denominator that seems to define this field: the principles of rational engineering. However, it still remains unclear to what extent rational engineering—rather than “tinkering” or the usage of random based or non-rational processes—actually constitutes the basis for the techniques (...)
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  46.  73
    Analysis of a Four-Firm Competition Based on a Generalized Bounded Rationality and Different Mechanisms.S. S. Askar & A. Al-Khedhairi - 2019 - Complexity 2019:1-12.
    This paper studies the dynamic characteristics of triopoly models that are constructed based on a 3-dimensional Cobb–Douglas utility function. The paper presents two parts. The first part introduces a competition among three rational firms on which their prices are isoelastic functions. The competition is described by a 3-dimensional discrete dynamical system. We examine the impact of rationality on the system’s steady state point. Studying the stability/instability of this point, which is Nash equilibrium and is unique in those models, is (...)
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  47.  39
    Economic rationality in the analysis of legal rules and institutions.Lewis A. Kornhauser - 2004 - In Martin P. Golding & William A. Edmundson (eds.), The Blackwell Guide to the Philosophy of Law and Legal Theory. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 67--79.
    This chapter contains section titled: Introduction A Characterization of Economic Analysis of Law Normativity Preference and Obligation Concluding Remarks Note References.
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  48. Rationality and world-systems analysis : Fanon and the impact of the ethico-historical.David Palumbo-Liu - 2011 - In David Palumbo-Liu, Bruce Robbins & Nirvana Tanoukhi (eds.), Immanuel Wallerstein and the problem of the world: system, scale, culture. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  49.  43
    The myth of computational level theory and the vacuity of rational analysis.Barton L. Anderson - 2011 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 34 (4):189-190.
    I extend Jones & Love's (J&L's) critique of Bayesian models and evaluate the conceptual foundations on which they are built. I argue that: (1) the part of Bayesian models is scientifically trivial; (2) theory is a fiction that arises from an inappropriate programming metaphor; and (3) the real scientific problems lie outside Bayesian theorizing.
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    Rational Analyses of Information Foraging on the Web.Peter Pirolli - 2005 - Cognitive Science 29 (3):343-373.
    This article describes rational analyses and cognitive models of Web users developed within information foraging theory. This is done by following the rational analysis methodology of (a) characterizing the problems posed by the environment, (b) developing rational analyses of behavioral solutions to those problems, and (c) developing cognitive models that approach the realization of those solutions. Navigation choice is modeled as a random utility model that uses spreading activation mechanisms that link proximal cues (information scent) that (...)
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