Results for 'Pascal Verniory'

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  1.  14
    “Social Sciences” or “Disciplines of the Subject”?Pascal Verniory - 2013 - Human and Social Studies 2 (3):33-58.
    Nowadays, it seems that all disciplines have to pretend being “scientific” in order to ensure their credibility. But the “social sciences”, which aim at a better knowledge of the Human regarding what makes him its own kind, are they really sciences? Pretending to be so, do they not expose themselves to be qualified as “non-scientific” by the most critical minds in their time, just as did Karl Popper about psychoanalyses and theses on the psychological selfishness? In turn, is it possible (...)
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  2. The Unity of Marx’s Concept of Alienated Labor.Pascal Brixel - 2024 - Philosophical Review 133 (1):33-71.
    Marx says of alienated labor that it does not “belong” to the worker, that it issues in a product that does not belong to her, and that it is unfulfilling, unfree, egoistically motivated, and inhuman. He seems to think, moreover, that the first of these features grounds all the others. All of these features seem quite independent, however: they can come apart; they share no obvious common cause or explanation; and if they often occur together, this seems accidental. It is (...)
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  3.  49
    What are memories for? Functions of recall in cognition and culture.Pascal Boyer - 2009 - In Pascal Boyer & James V. Wertsch, Memory in Mind and Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 3--28.
  4. Synchronization of oscillatory responses in visual cortex correlates with perception in interocular rivalry.Pascal Fries, Pieter R. Roelfsema, Andreas K. Engel & Wolf Singer - 1997 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Usa 94:12699-12704.
  5. The Naturalness of Religious Ideas: A Cognitive Theory of Religion.Pascal BOYER - 1994
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  6.  72
    The birth of the empirical turn in bioethics.Pascal Borry, Paul Schotsmans & Kris Dierickx - 2005 - Bioethics 19 (1):49–71.
    Since its origin, bioethics has attracted the collaboration of few social scientists, and social scientific methods of gathering empirical data have remained unfamiliar to ethicists. Recently, however, the clouded relations between the empirical and normative perspectives on bioethics appear to be changing. Three reasons explain why there was no easy and consistent input of empirical evidence into bioethics. Firstly, interdisciplinary dialogue runs the risk of communication problems and divergent objectives. Secondly, the social sciences were absent partners since the beginning of (...)
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  7.  22
    What's the Use of Truth?Pascal Engel & Richard Rorty - 2007 - Columbia University Press.
    What is truth? What value should we see in or attribute to it? The war over the meaning and utility of truth is at the center of contemporary philosophical debate, and its arguments have rocked the foundations of philosophical practice. In this book, the American pragmatist Richard Rorty and the French analytic philosopher Pascal Engel present their radically different perspectives on truth and its correspondence to reality. Rorty doubts that the notion of truth can be of any practical use (...)
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  8.  94
    Varieties of self-systems worth having.Pascal Boyer, Philip Robbins & Anthony I. Jack - 2005 - Consciousness and Cognition 14 (4):647-660.
  9. Wherein lies the normative dimension in meaning and mental content?Pascal Engel - 2000 - Philosophical Studies 100 (3):305-321.
    This paper argues that the normative dimension in mental and semantic content is not a categorical feature of content, but an hypothetical one, relative to the features of the interpretation of thoughts and meaning. The views of Robert Brandom are discussed. The thesis defended in this paper is not interpretationist about thought. It implies that the normative dimension of content arises from the real capacity of thinkers and speakers to self ascribe thoughts to themselves and to reach self knowledge of (...)
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  10.  67
    A Jesuit Debate about the Modes of Union.Jean-Pascal Anfray - 2019 - American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 93 (2):309-334.
    In this paper, I examine a neglected debate between Francisco Suárez and Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza about the unity of composite substances. There was a consensus among the Jesuits on the fact that the per se unity of composite substances requires something in addition to matter and form. Like most Jesuits, Suárez and Hurtado further agree on the fact that this additional ingredient is not a full-blown thing, but a “mode of union.” However, while Suárez claims that the union is (...)
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  11. Believing, holding true, and accepting.Pascal Engel - 1998 - Philosophical Explorations 1 (2):140 – 151.
    Belief is not a unified phenomenon. In this paper I argue, as a number of other riters argue, that one should distinguish a variety of belief-like attitudes: believing proper - a dispositional state which can have degrees - holding true - which can occur without understanding what one believes - and accepting - a practical and contextual attitude that has a role in deliberation and in practical reasoning. Acceptance itself is not a unified attitude. I explore the various relationships and (...)
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  12. The Difficulty of Making Good Work Available to All.Pascal Brixel - 2024 - Journal of Applied Philosophy 41 (2):267-288.
    How might good work – skilled, autonomous work which affords workers opportunities for meaningful social cooperation in decent conditions – be made available to all? I evaluate five commonly advanced strategies: an unregulated labor market, egalitarian redistribution of resources, state regulation, collective bargaining, and workplace democracy. Each, I argue, has significant limitations. An unregulated labor market ignores workers' unduly weak bargaining power vis-à-vis employers. Egalitarian redistribution alone fails to solve this problem due to distinctive and endemic imperfections of labor markets. (...)
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  13. What is the role of empirical research in bioethical reflection and decision-making? An ethical analysis.Pascal Borry, Paul Schotsmans & Kris Dierickx - 2004 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 7 (1):41-53.
    The field of bioethics is increasingly coming into contact with empirical research findings. In this article, we ask what role empirical research can play in the process of ethical clarification and decision-making. Ethical reflection almost always proceeds in three steps: the description of the moral question,the assessment of the moral question and the evaluation of the decision-making. Empirical research can contribute to each step of this process. In the description of the moral object, first of all, empirical research has a (...)
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  14.  58
    The use of geometric transformations in the invariant notion: The contribution of al-sijzi.Pascal Crozet - 2010 - Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 20 (1):53-91.
    RésuméEn offrant une méthode de plus en plus féconde, les transformations géométriques conduisent les mathématiciens, entre les ixe et xie siècles, à modifier leurs modes d’appréhension des figures géométriques. Le présent article voudrait mettre en évidence la contribution d’al-Sijzī à cette mutation en se fixant deux tâches: en premier lieu, comprendre précisément ce qu’al-Sijzī entend par transformation ; et en second lieu, rendre compte de ses recherches sur les invariants géométriques, obtenus en faisant varier certains éléments d’une figure. L’usage des (...)
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  15.  17
    Processing Connectives with a Complex Form-Function Mapping in L2: The Case of French “En Effet”.Sandrine Zufferey & Pascal M. Gygax - 2017 - Frontiers in Psychology 8.
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  16. The false modesty of the identity theory of truth.Pascal Engel - 2001 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 9 (4):441 – 458.
    The identity theory of truth, according to which true thoughts are identical with facts, is very hard to formulate. It oscillates between substantive versions, which are implausible, and a merely truistic version, which is difficult to distinguish from deflationism about truth. This tension is present in the form of identity theory that one can attribute to McDowell from his views on perception, and in the conception defended by Hornsby under that name.
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  17.  82
    Epistemic Norms and the Limits of Epistemology.Pascal Engel - 2015 - International Journal for the Study of Skepticism 6 (2-3):228-247.
    I raise a dilemma for an epistemology based on the idea that there are hinge propositions or primitive certainties: either such propositions are norms or rules in the 'grammatical' sense, but they cannot regulate our inquiries since they are not genuine propositions obeying truth or evidential standards, or they are epistemic norms, but compete with the classical norms of belief and knowledge. Either there are hinges, but they have nothing to do with epistemology, or hinges are part of our knowledge, (...)
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  18.  12
    What are Memories for? Functions of Recall in Cognition and Culture.Pascal Boyer - 2009 - In Pascal Boyer & James V. Wertsch, Memory in Mind and Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 3.
  19.  16
    La rationalité est-elle incodifiable?Pascal Engel - 2002 - Philosophia Scientiae 6 (2):91-107.
    This papere discusses a thesis which underlies Davidson's philosophy of interpretation: the incodifiability of rationality. It is shown that the thesis is involved in Davidson's use of the principle of charity. The thesis is criticized: the principles of rationality do not come from nowhere. At least a strong nucleus of psychological rationality must be codifiable.
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  20. Epistemic responsibility without epistemic agency.Pascal Engel - 2009 - Philosophical Explorations 12 (2):205 – 219.
    This article discusses the arguments against associating epistemic responsibility with the ordinary notion of agency. I examine the various 'Kantian' views which lead to a distinctive conception of epistemic agency and epistemic responsibility. I try to explain why we can be held responsible for our beliefs in the sense of obeying norms which regulate them without being epistemic agents.
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  21. Freedom, Desire, and Necessity.Pascal Brixel - 2023 - Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy 24 (3).
    I defend a necessary condition of local autonomy inspired by Aristotle and Marx. One does something autonomously, I argue, only if one does it for its own sake and not for the sake of further ends alone. I show that this idea steers an attractive middle path between the subjectivism of Dworkin- and Frankfurt-style theories of autonomy on the one hand and the objectivism of Raz-style theories on the other. By doing so, it vindicates and explains two important pieces of (...)
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  22. Evolutionary Perspectives on Religion.Pascal Boyer - unknown
    Recent work in biology, cognitive psychology, and archaeology has renewed evolutionary perspectives on the role of natural selection in the emergence and recurrent forms of religious thought and behavior, i.e., mental representations of supernatural agents, as well as artifacts, ritual practices, moral systems, ethnic markers, and specific experiences associated with these representations. One perspective, inspired from behavioral ecology, attempts to measure the fitness effects of religious practices. Another set of models, representative of evolutionary psychology, explain religious thought and behavior as (...)
     
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  23. Natural epistemology or evolved metaphysics? Developmental evidence for early-developed, intuitive, category-specific, incomplete, and stubborn metaphysical presumptions.Pascal Boyer - 2000 - Philosophical Psychology 13 (3):277 – 297.
    Cognitive developmental evidence is sometimes conscripted to support ''naturalized epistemology'' arguments to the effect that a general epistemic stance leads children to build theory-like accounts of underlying properties of kinds. A review of the evidence suggests that what prompts conceptual acquisition is not a general epistemic stance but a series of category-specific intuitive principles that constitute an evolved ''natural metaphysics''. This consists in a system of categories and category-specific inferential processes founded on definite biases in prototype formation. Evidence for this (...)
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  24.  22
    An Ethical Overview of the CRISPR-Based Elimination of Anopheles gambiae to Combat Malaria.India Jane Wise & Pascal Borry - 2022 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 19 (3):371-380.
    Approximately a quarter of a billion people around the world suffer from malaria each year. Most cases are located in sub-Saharan Africa where Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes are the principal vectors of this public health problem. With the use of CRISPR-based gene drives, the population of mosquitoes can be modified, eventually causing their extinction. First, we discuss the moral status of the organism and argue that using genetically modified mosquitoes to combat malaria should not be abandoned based on some moral value (...)
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  25.  12
    A generic arc-consistency algorithm and its specializations.Pascal Van Hentenryck, Yves Deville & Choh-Man Teng - 1992 - Artificial Intelligence 57 (2-3):291-321.
  26.  33
    Le droit de ne pas croire.Pascal Engel - 2012 - ThéoRèmes 2 (1).
    Dans cet article, je défends la position évidentialiste à propos des croyances religieuses, à la suite de la fameuse maxime de Clifford et contre l'interprétation pragmatiste de l'éthique des croyances. Je défends, en suivant Shah que le test de transparence est mieux expliqué par l'existence d'une norme de correction de la croyance. Les croyances religieuses, si elles sont des croyances, doivent obéir à cette norme. Si elles n'y obéissent pas, ce ne sont pas des croyances. Et la non croyance est (...)
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  27.  34
    Polygenic risk scoring of human embryos: a qualitative study of media coverage.Olga Tšuiko, Pascal Borry, Maria Siermann & Tiny Pagnaer - 2021 - BMC Medical Ethics 22 (1):1-8.
    BackgroundCurrent preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) technologies enable embryo genotyping across the whole genome. This has led to the development of polygenic risk scoring of human embryos (PGT-P). Recent implementation of PGT-P, including screening for intelligence, has been extensively covered by media reports, raising major controversy. Considering the increasing demand for assisted reproduction, we evaluated how information about PGT-P is communicated in press media and explored the diversity of ethical themes present in the public debate.MethodsLexisNexis Academic database and Google News were (...)
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  28.  33
    Author, contributor or just a signer? A quantitative analysis of authorship trends in the field of bioethics.Pascal Borry, Paul Schotsmans & Kris Dierickx - 2006 - Bioethics 20 (4):213–220.
    ABSTRACT Publications are primarily a means of communicating scientific information to colleagues, but they are much more than that. Publications in peer reviewed journals are proof of academic competence, are used as a crucial component in evaluation criteria for academic promotion and fundraising and increase the prestige of research centres and universities. The urgent need for publications has also led to abuses in authorship. In the past the single‐author article was the rule, but over the past decades, the average number (...)
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  29. Mental causation. [REVIEW]Pascal Engel - 1995 - Revue Philosophique de la France Et de l'Etranger 185 (1):105-106.
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  30.  87
    Radical interpretation and the structure of thought.Pascal Engel - 1988 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 88:161-177.
    It is often argued that a radical interpretation procedure for the analysis of thought (especially davidson's) is committed to the thesis that thoughts are essentially structured entities, And is therefore false because many structures of thought do not match linguistic or semantic structures. The author attempts to defend davidson's theory of radical interpretation against such criticisms and to show that the interdependence of thought and language presupposed by this theory does not mean a primacy of either one over the other.
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  31. Competing for a desired reward in the stroop task: When attentional control is unconscious but effective versus conscious but ineffective.Pascal Huguet, Florence Dumas & Jean-M. Monteil - 2004 - Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology 58 (3):153-167.
  32. Trust and the doxastic family.Pascal Engel - 2012 - Philosophical Studies 161 (1):17-26.
    This article examines Keith Lehrer's distinction between belief and acceptance and how it differs from other accounts of belief and of the family of doxastic attitudes. I sketch a different taxonomy of doxastic attitudes. Lehrer's notion of acceptance is mostly epistemic and at the service of his account of the "loop of reason", whereas for other writers acceptance is mostly a pragmatic attitude. I argue, however, that his account of acceptance underdetermines the role that the attitude of trust plays in (...)
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  33.  18
    Leibniz and Spinoza on Plenitude and Necessity.Jean-Pascal Anfray - 2021 - In Yitzhak Y. Melamed, A Companion to Spinoza. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. pp. 493–505.
    The history of the relations between Leibniz and Spinoza is a matter of philosophical and scholarly controversy. This chapter aims to refer to the first thesis as the Necessity of Actuality and to the second thesis as the Plenitude of Possibilities. It examines how Leibniz's stance with respect to these two theses, and more generally his views on modality, grew out as a response to Spinoza's views. Leibniz explicitly connects Spinoza's attributes with the concept of a world. As most commentators, (...)
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  34. Intentionality, normativity, and community.Pascal Engel - 2002 - Facta Philosophica 4 (1):25-49.
    Against the view that the normativity of mental content is social content, I argue that it is not, examining the views of Wittgenstein, Davidson, Brandom and Pettit.
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  35.  18
    Origins of Analytical Philosophy.Pascal Engel - 1995 - Philosophical Quarterly 45 (179):268-271.
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  36. Ageing-in-the-World.Pascal Massie & Mitchell Staude - 2024 - Continental Philosophy Review 57 (3):565-584.
    Ageing brings together biological, personal, and social horizons. Attempts to reduce it or to privilege one of these dimensions over the others fail to fully capture the phenomenon. The temporality of ageing presents an irreducible complexity. It is the inextricable intertwinement of three temporalities, three rhythms on different scales: biological time, personal-narrative time, and historical time. In all these dimensions something is of crucial concern: time and temporality. Yet, many philosophers who have thought about time (even those who take seriously (...)
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  37.  48
    Foucault, la politique de la vérité et la politique de la foutaise.Pascal Engel - 2019 - Diogène n° 261-262 (1):158-174.
    Pouvons-nous emprunter à Michel Foucault sa thèse selon laquelle il y a des régimes de vérité et l’appliquer à certains développements récents de notre univers médiatique et numérique? On peut parler de régimes de fausseté, mais il faudra partir sur de tout autres bases que celles du projet généalogique de Foucault pour envisager une « politique de la vérité » dans le contexte contemporain.
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  38. Philosophy and Ataraxia in Sextus Empiricus.Pascal Massie - 2013 - Peitho 4 (1):211-234.
    This essay is concerned with two interrelated questions. First, a broad question: in what sense is Skepticism a philosophy− or in what sense is it “philosophy” (as we will see, these are not identical questions)? Second, a narrow one: how should we understand the process whereby ataraxia (freedom from disturbance) emerges out of epochē (suspension of judgment)? The first question arises because Skepticism is often portrayed as anti-philosophy. This depiction, I contend, surreptitiously turns a Skeptical method into a so-called Skeptical (...)
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  39. Logical reasons.Pascal Engel - 2005 - Philosophical Explorations 8 (1):21 – 38.
    Simon Blackburn has shown that there is an analogy between the problem of moral motivation in ethics (how can moral reasons move us?) and the problem of what we might call the power of logical reasons (how can logical reasons move us, what is the force of the 'logical must?'). In this paper, I explore further the parallel between the internalism problem in ethics and the problem of the power of logical reasons, and defend a version of psychologism about reasons, (...)
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  40. Volitionism and Voluntarism about Belief.Pascal Engel - 2002 - Croatian Journal of Philosophy 2 (3):265-281.
    This paper attempts to clarify some issues about what is usually called “doxastic voluntarism”. This phrase often hides a confusion between two separate (although connected) issues: whether beliefis or can be, as a matter of psychological fact, under the control of the will, on the one hand, and whether we can have practical reasons to believe something, or whether our beliefs are subject to any sort of “ought”, on the other hand. The first issue -- which I prefer to call (...)
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  41.  68
    Commentary on Mossio and Taraborelli: Is the enactive approach really sensorimotor?☆.Frédéric Pascal & J. Kevin O’Regan - 2008 - Consciousness and Cognition 17 (4):1341-1342.
  42. The unimportance of being modest: a footnote to McDowell’s note.Pascal Engel - 2005 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 13 (1):89 – 93.
    (2005). The unimportance of being modest: a footnote to McDowell’s note. International Journal of Philosophical Studies: Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 89-93. doi: 10.1080/0967255042000324362.
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  43.  45
    The feeling of fluent perception: A single experience from multiple asynchronous sources☆.Pascal Wurtz, Rolf Reber & Thomas D. Zimmermann - 2008 - Consciousness and Cognition 17 (1):171-184.
    Zeki and co-workers recently proposed that perception can best be described as locally distributed, asynchronous processes that each create a kind of microconsciousness, which condense into an experienced percept. The present article is aimed at extending this theory to metacognitive feelings. We present evidence that perceptual fluency—the subjective feeling of ease during perceptual processing—is based on speed of processing at different stages of the perceptual process. Specifically, detection of briefly presented stimuli was influenced by figure-ground contrast, but not by symmetry (...)
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  44.  41
    La vérité peut-elle survivre à la démocratie?Pascal Engel - 2012 - Revue Agone 44:31-56.
    L’une des raisons pour lesquelles la vérité et la démocratie ne semblent pas faire bon ménage est qu’on a tendance à confondre, d’une part, la liberté d’opinion et de parole avec l’égale vérité des opinions, ce qui revient à adopter une forme de relativisme, et, d’autre part, la règle de majorité avec une règle de vérité, ce qui revient à adopter une forme de théorie de la vérité comme consensus. Parce que la démocratie libérale repose sur le principe de la (...)
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  45.  14
    Constraint satisfaction using constraint logic programming.Pascal Van Hentenryck, Helmut Simonis & Mehmet Dincbas - 1992 - Artificial Intelligence 58 (1-3):113-159.
  46. Philosophical thought experiments : in or out of the armchair?Pascal Engel - 2011 - In Katerina Ierodiakonou & Sophie Roux, Thought Experiments in Methodological and Historical Contexts. Brill.
     
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  47.  44
    Y a-t-il eu vraiment une rencontre entre Ricœur et la philosophie analytique?Pascal Engel - 2014 - Études Ricoeuriennes / Ricoeur Studies 5 (1):125-141.
    Paul Ricœur made a lot to introduce analytic philosophy in France during the 70s and 80s, and he engaged in a dialogue with a number of authors from this tradition, such as Austin, Strawson, Davidson or Parfit. This dialogue, though, was one-sided, since there was no discussion of his views by analytic philosophers. Moreover, Ricœur often misunderstood or misprepresented the analytic views that he was discussing. So in many ways the Ricœur’s encounter with analytic philosophy was unsuccessful, which does not (...)
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  48.  11
    Introduction à la philosophie de l'esprit.Pascal Engel - 1994 - Editions La Découverte.
    La philosophie de l'esprit et des phénomènes mentaux a connu, depuis une trentaine d'années, un renouveau important, notamment en raison de l'intérêt suscité chez les philosophes par les progrès des neurosciences et des sciences cognitives. Au sein de la tradition analytique anglo-américaine en particulier, un véritable tournant mentaliste et naturaliste tend désormais à supplanter l'approche " linguistique " jusque-là dominante. Ce livre propose une introduction aux thèmes riches et complexes que développent des auteurs comme Davidson, Fodor, Dennett et Dretske : (...)
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  49.  10
    Fragments d'inconnu: pour une histoire du sujet.Pascal Michon - 2010 - Paris: Les éditions du Cerf.
    La figure de l'individu, qui a dominé la philosophie et les sciences sociales au cours des trois dernières décennies, semble à bout de souffle. Partout, singuliers et collectifs cherchent à dépasser la simple adaptation au monde fluide imposé par le capitalisme mondialisé et à redevenir les agents de leur propre vie. Au nord comme au sud, un immense désir de subjectivation est en train de gagner nos sociétés. Pourtant, la figure du sujet reste confuse. Longtemps identifiée à une entité naturelle, (...)
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  50.  31
    Challenges of web-based personal genomic data sharing.Pascal Borry & Mahsa Shabani - 2015 - Life Sciences, Society and Policy 11 (1):1-13.
    In order to study the relationship between genes and diseases, the increasing availability and sharing of phenotypic and genotypic data have been promoted as an imperative within the scientific community. In parallel with data sharing practices by clinicians and researchers, recent initiatives have been observed in which individuals are sharing personal genomic data. The involvement of individuals in such initiatives is facilitated by the increased accessibility of personal genomic data, offered by private test providers along with availability of online networks. (...)
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