Results for 'Nicolas Rashevsky'

962 found
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  1.  18
    Advances and Applications of Mathematical Biology.Nicolas Rashevsky - 1941 - Philosophy of Science 8 (1):133-134.
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  2. Nicolas Rashevsky's Mathematical Biophysics.Tara H. Abraham - 2004 - Journal of the History of Biology 37 (2):333 - 385.
    This paper explores the work of Nicolas Rashevsky, a Russian émigré theoretical physicist who developed a program in "mathematical biophysics" at the University of Chicago during the 1930s. Stressing the complexity of many biological phenomena, Rashevsky argued that the methods of theoretical physics -- namely mathematics -- were needed to "simplify" complex biological processes such as cell division and nerve conduction. A maverick of sorts, Rashevsky was a conspicuous figure in the biological community during the 1930s (...)
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  3.  28
    Advances and Applications of Mathematical Biology. Nicolas Rashevsky.John M. Reiner - 1941 - Philosophy of Science 8 (1):133-134.
  4.  11
    Libertarianism and Positive Rights: Comments on Katz's Reply.Nicolás Maloberti - 2009 - Libertarian Papers 1:7.
    In “Why Libertarians Should Reject Positive Rights,” Joshua Katz offers a critical response to the argument developed by Nicolás Maloberti in “Libertarianism and the Possibility of the Legitimate State.” In this rejoinder, Maloberti argues that Katz’s response fails on two accounts. First, it fails to grasp the nature of the problem his article was ultimately concerned with. Second, it fails to present a solid case for the rejection of the type of positive right that it was argued libertarians should endorse (...)
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  5.  25
    The Origins of Fairness: How Evolution Explains Our Moral Nature.Nicolas Baumard - 2016 - New York, NY: Oxford University Press USA.
    In order to describe the logic of morality, "contractualist" philosophers have studied how individuals behave when they choose to follow their moral intuitions. These individuals, contractualists note, often act as if they have bargained and thus reached an agreement with others about how to distribute the benefits and burdens of mutual cooperation. Using this observation, such philosophers argue that the purpose of morality is to maximize the benefits of human interaction. The resulting "contract" analogy is both insightful and puzzling. On (...)
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  6.  16
    Dreaming of AI: environmental sustainability and the promise of participation.Nicolas Zehner & André Ullrich - forthcoming - AI and Society:1-13.
    There is widespread consensus among policymakers that climate change and digitalisation constitute the most pressing global transformations shaping human life in the 21st century. Seeking to address the challenges arising at this juncture, governments, technologists and scientists alike increasingly herald artificial intelligence (AI) as a vehicle to propel climate change mitigation and adaptation. In this paper, we explore the intersection of digitalisation and climate change by examining the deployment of AI in government-led climate action. Building on participant observations conducted in (...)
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  7.  28
    The Symbol.Nicolas Abraham & Tom Goodwin - 2023 - Angelaki 28 (5):135-161.
    [R]eflection is a system of thought no less closed than insanity, with this difference that it understands itself and the madman too, whereas the madman does not understand it.– Merleau-Ponty, Phen...
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  8. Beyond consciousness of external reality: A ''who'' system for consciousness of action and self-consciousness.Nicolas Georgieff & Marc Jeannerod - 1998 - Consciousness and Cognition 7 (3):465-477.
    This paper offers a framework for consciousness of internal reality. Recent PET experiments are reviewed, showing partial overlap of cortical activation during self-produced actions and actions observed from other people. This overlap suggests that representations for actions may be shared by several individuals, a situation which creates a potential problem for correctly attributing an action to its agent. The neural conditions for correct agency judgments are thus assigned a key role in self/other distinction and self-consciousness. A series of behavioral experiments (...)
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  9.  25
    Hume: sus aportes al análisis del lenguaje moral.Nicolás Zavadivker - 2017 - Contrastes: Revista Internacional de Filosofía 20 (2).
    RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo es reconstruir los diferentes aportes realizados por David Hume al análisis del lenguaje moral y de la argumentación práctica, es decir, a las cuestiones que hoy se agrupan bajo de el nombre de Metaética. Muchas de sus puntualizaciones y argumentos son conocidos y tuvieron una notable influencia en la metaética contemporánea, pero otros pasajes de su obra no tuvieron tal atención, y es mi interés resaltarlos y destacar su importancia. En este artículo me ocuparé (...)
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  10.  17
    Neoracionalismo y Metaética.Nicolás Zavadivker - 2013 - Praxis Filosófica 35:85-98.
    El objetivo de este artículo es analizar, desde una perspectiva metaética,la tesis neo-racionalista según la cual los juicios morales manifiestanpretensiones de validez. Esta posición considera que es esencial a los juiciosmorales el pretender ser racionalmente aceptables, y que estos aspiran auna validez intersubjetiva que cualquiera, en condiciones ideales, deberíareconocer. En el presente artículo se cuestionará el alcance de esta tesis,rechazándose la idea según la cual al pronunciar un juicio de valor estamossiempre invocando nuestra disposición a que este sea juzgado por (...)
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  11. (1 other version)The science of belief: A progress report.Nicolas Porot & Eric Mandelbaum - 2020 - WIREs Cognitive Science 1.
    The empirical study of belief is emerging at a rapid clip, uniting work from all corners of cognitive science. Reliance on belief in understanding and predicting behavior is widespread. Examples can be found, inter alia, in the placebo, attribution theory, theory of mind, and comparative psychological literatures. Research on belief also provides evidence for robust generalizations, including about how we fix, store, and change our beliefs. Evidence supports the existence of a Spinozan system of belief fixation: one that is automatic (...)
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  12.  66
    Numerical Methods, Complexity, and Epistemic Hierarchies.Nicolas Fillion & Sorin Bangu - 2015 - Philosophy of Science 82 (5):941-955.
    Modern mathematical sciences are hard to imagine without appeal to efficient computational algorithms. We address several conceptual problems arising from this interaction by outlining rival but complementary perspectives on mathematical tractability. More specifically, we articulate three alternative characterizations of the complexity hierarchy of mathematical problems that are themselves based on different understandings of computational constraints. These distinctions resolve the tension between epistemic contexts in which exact solutions can be found and the ones in which they cannot; however, contrary to a (...)
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  13.  46
    Is Comprehensive Liberal Social Justice Education Brainwashing?Nicolas Tanchuk, Tomas Rocha & Marc Krus - 2021 - Philosophy of Education 77 (2):44.
  14.  21
    The Place of Marx in Reiner Schürmann’s Work: On the Tenacious Life of Ghosts.Nicolas Schneider - 2021 - Graduate Faculty Philosophy Journal 42 (1):117-148.
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  15.  25
    Encountering Others, Understanding Ourselves in Medieval and Early Modern Thought.Nicolas Faucher & Virpi Mäkinen (eds.) - 2022 - De Gruyter.
    Recent research has challenged our view of the Abrahamic religious traditions as unilaterally intolerant and incapable of recognizing otherness in all its diversity and richness; but a diachronic and comparative study of how these traditions deal with otherness is yet to appear. This volume aims to contribute to such a study by presenting different treatments of otherness in medieval and early modern thought. Part I: Altruism deals with attitudes and behaviors that benefit others, regardless of its motives. We deal with (...)
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  16. Pervasive Captivity and Urban Wildlife.Nicolas Delon - 2020 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 23 (2):123-143.
    Urban animals can benefit from living in cities, but this also makes them vulnerable as they increasingly depend on the advantages of urban life. This article has two aims. First, I provide a detailed analysis of the concept of captivity and explain why it matters to nonhuman animals—because and insofar as many of them have a (non-substitutable) interest in freedom. Second, I defend a surprising implication of the account—pushing the boundaries of the concept while the boundaries of cities and human (...)
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  17.  19
    Médiation en acte de la pensée.Nicolas Balthasar - 1935 - Revue Néo-Scolastique de Philosophie 38 (46):174-193.
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  18.  17
    Ann Van Sevenant, Importer en philosophie.Nicolas Monseu - 2000 - Revue Philosophique De Louvain 98 (2):377-380.
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  19. Wrongs, Rights, and Third Parties.Nicolas Cornell - 2015 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 43 (2):109-143.
  20. The artful mind meets art history: Toward a psycho-historical framework for the science of art appreciation.Nicolas J. Bullot & Rolf Reber - 2013 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 36 (2):123-137.
    Research seeking a scientific foundation for the theory of art appreciation has raised controversies at the intersection of the social and cognitive sciences. Though equally relevant to a scientific inquiry into art appreciation, psychological and historical approaches to art developed independently and lack a common core of theoretical principles. Historicists argue that psychological and brain sciences ignore the fact that artworks are artifacts produced and appreciated in the context of unique historical situations and artistic intentions. After revealing flaws in the (...)
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  21. Indeterminism in Physics, Classical Chaos and Bohmian Mechanics: Are Real Numbers Really Real?Nicolas Gisin - 2019 - Erkenntnis 86 (6):1469-1481.
    It is usual to identify initial conditions of classical dynamical systems with mathematical real numbers. However, almost all real numbers contain an infinite amount of information. I argue that a finite volume of space can’t contain more than a finite amount of information, hence that the mathematical real numbers are not physically relevant. Moreover, a better terminology for the so-called real numbers is “random numbers”, as their series of bits are truly random. I propose an alternative classical mechanics, which is (...)
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  22.  43
    Common characterizations of the untrapped set and the top cycle.Nicolas Houy - 2011 - Theory and Decision 70 (4):501-509.
    We give some characterizations for both the untrapped set and the top cycle choice functions. We link these characterizations with the well-known characterization of the maximal elements choice function. Our characterizations strongly rely on the notion of “two-tier domination”.
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  23. Indeterminism in physics and intuitionistic mathematics.Nicolas Gisin - 2021 - Synthese 199 (5-6):13345-13371.
    Most physics theories are deterministic, with the notable exception of quantum mechanics which, however, comes plagued by the so-called measurement problem. This state of affairs might well be due to the inability of standard mathematics to “speak” of indeterminism, its inability to present us a worldview in which new information is created as time passes. In such a case, scientific determinism would only be an illusion due to the timeless mathematical language scientists use. To investigate this possibility it is necessary (...)
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  24.  48
    Models as speech acts: the telling case of financial models.Nicolas Brisset - 2018 - Journal of Economic Methodology 25 (1):21-41.
    This paper intends to bring Austinian themes into methodological discussion about models. Using Austinian conceptual vocabulary, I argue that models perform actions in and outside of the academic field. This multiplicity of fields induces a variety of felicity conditions and types of performed actions. If for example, an inference from a model is judged according to some epistemological criteria in the scientific field, the representation of the world which the model carries will not be judged by the same criteria outside (...)
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  25.  56
    Harmonizing Artificial Intelligence for Social Good.Nicolas Berberich, Toyoaki Nishida & Shoko Suzuki - 2020 - Philosophy and Technology 33 (4):613-638.
    To become more broadly applicable, positions on AI ethics require perspectives from non-Western regions and cultures such as China and Japan. In this paper, we propose that the addition of the concept of harmony to the discussion on ethical AI would be highly beneficial due to its centrality in East Asian cultures and its applicability to the challenge of designing AI for social good. We first present a synopsis of different definitions of harmony in multiple contexts, such as music and (...)
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  26. Modesty and Humility.Nicolas Bommarito - 2018 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
    This article discusses conceptions of modesty and humility and their key features. It gives a brief historical overview of debates about whether or not they’re really virtues at all. It also discusses theories of modesty and humility that root them in the presence or absence of particular beliefs, emotions, desires, and attention. it also discusses related phenomena in epistemology: rational limits on self-ascription of error, attitudes to disagreement, and openness to alternative views.
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  27.  12
    Clinical Ethics Consultation during the First COVID-19 Lock Down in France: The “Commitment Model”: Balancing General Questions and Individual Cases.Nicolas Foureur, Milena Maglio & Maria Cristina Murano - 2021 - Journal of Clinical Ethics 32 (2):155-164.
    During the first outbreak of COVID-19, the F rench governmental advisory council on bioethics suggested the need to support healthcare providers with ad hoc “ethical support units.” Several units engaged in such endeavors across the country. This article outlines some methodological considerations made by the Cochin Hospital Clinical Ethics Center (the Cec). The Cec was founded in 2002 to provide clinical ethics support services. While its approach was inspired by North American models, it was shaped by and adapted to the (...)
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  28. Does Aristotle’s differentia presuppose the genus it differentiates? The troublesome case of Metaphysics x 7.Nicolas Zaks - forthcoming - Ancient Philosophy.
    There seems to be an inconsistency at the heart of Aristotle’s Metaphysics: a differentia is said both to presuppose its genus (in vii 12) and to be logically independent from it (in x 7). I argue that the relation of analogy resolves this inconsistency, restores the coherence of the concepts of differentia and species, and gives x 7 its rightful place in the development of the Metaphysics.
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  29. Real Numbers are the Hidden Variables of Classical Mechanics.Nicolas Gisin - 2020 - Quantum Studies: Mathematics and Foundations 7:197–201.
    Do scientific theories limit human knowledge? In other words, are there physical variables hidden by essence forever? We argue for negative answers and illustrate our point on chaotic classical dynamical systems. We emphasize parallels with quantum theory and conclude that the common real numbers are, de facto, the hidden variables of classical physics. Consequently, real numbers should not be considered as ``physically real" and classical mechanics, like quantum physics, is indeterministic.
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  30. The Dialogical Roots of Equality: Dialogues for Immanent Reasoning.Nicolas Clerbout, Ansten Klev, Zoe McConaughey & Shahid Rahman - 2018 - In Nicolas Clerbout, Ansten Klev, Zoe McConaughey & Shahid Rahman, Immanent Reasoning or Equality in Action: A Plaidoyer for the Play Level. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag.
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  31.  22
    CRISTIAN SABORIDO. Filosofía de la Medicina. Madrid: España: Tecnos, 2020.Nicolás Alarcón - 2023 - Resonancias Revista de Filosofía 15:129-133.
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  32.  38
    Tunes stuck in your brain: The frequency and affective evaluation of involuntary musical imagery correlate with cortical structure.Nicolas Farrugia, Kelly Jakubowski, Rhodri Cusack & Lauren Stewart - 2015 - Consciousness and Cognition 35:66-77.
  33.  65
    Psychological origins of the Industrial Revolution.Nicolas Baumard - 2019 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 42:1-47.
    Since the Industrial Revolution, human societies have experienced high and sustained rates of economic growth. Recent explanations of this sudden and massive change in economic history have held that modern growth results from an acceleration of innovation. But it is unclear why the rate of innovation drastically accelerated in England in the eighteenth century. An important factor might be the alteration of individual preferences with regard to innovation resulting from the unprecedented living standards of the English during that period, for (...)
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  34.  38
    Psychedelic Therapy as Form of Life.Nicolas Langlitz & Alex K. Gearin - 2024 - Neuroethics 17 (1):1-19.
    In the historical context of a crisis in biological psychiatry, psychedelic drugs paired with psychotherapy are globally re-emerging in research clinics as a potential transdiagnostic therapy for treating mood disorders, addictions, and other forms of psychological distress. The treatments are poised to soon shift from clinical trials to widespread service delivery in places like Australia, North America, and Europe, which has prompted ethical questions by social scientists and bioethicists. Taking a broader view, we argue that the ethics of psychedelic therapy (...)
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  35.  12
    Treatise on Nature and Grace.Nicolas Malebranche - 1992 - Clarendon Press.
    A scholarly edition of Nicolas Malebranche's Treatise on Nature and Grace by Patrick Riley. The edition presents an authoritative text, together with an introduction, commentary notes, and scholarly apparatus.
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  36. How do children infer intentions from tracking individuals?Nicolas Bullot & A. Hohenberger - manuscript
    A developmental account grounded in mental files. European Society for Philosophy and Psychology. [PDF] [Peer reviewed].
     
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  37. The Possibility of Preemptive Forgiving.Nicolas Cornell - 2017 - Philosophical Review 126 (2):241-272.
    This essay defends the possibility of preemptive forgiving, that is, forgiving before the offending action has taken place. This essay argues that our moral practices and emotions admit such a possibility, and it attempts to offer examples to illustrate this phenomenon. There are two main reasons why someone might doubt the possibility of preemptive forgiving. First, one might think that preemptive forgiving would amount to granting permission. Second, one might think that forgiving requires emotional content that is not available prior (...)
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  38.  54
    How to Create Shared Symbols.Nicolas Fay, Bradley Walker, Nik Swoboda & Simon Garrod - 2018 - Cognitive Science 42 (S1):241-269.
    Human cognition and behavior are dominated by symbol use. This paper examines the social learning strategies that give rise to symbolic communication. Experiment 1 contrasts an individual-level account, based on observational learning and cognitive bias, with an inter-individual account, based on social coordinative learning. Participants played a referential communication game in which they tried to communicate a range of recurring meanings to a partner by drawing, but without using their conventional language. Individual-level learning, via observation and cognitive bias, was sufficient (...)
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  39. If Panpsychism Is True, Then What? Part 2: Existential Implications.Nicolas Kuske & Luke Roelofs - forthcoming - Giornale di Metafisica.
    If panpsychism is true, it suggests that consciousness pervades not only our brains and bodies but also the entire universe, prompting a reevaluation of our existential attitudes. Hence, panpsychism potentially fulfills psychological needs typically addressed by religious beliefs, such as a sense of belonging and purpose but also transcendence. The discussion is organized into two main areas: the implications of panpsychism for basic human existential needs, such as feelings of kinship, ommunication, and loneliness; and for greater existential questions relating to (...)
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  40. Creating a communication system from scratch: gesture beats vocalization hands down.Nicolas Fay, Casey J. Lister, T. Mark Ellison & Susan Goldin-Meadow - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5.
  41. Metrology of internet networks.Nicolas Larrieu & Philippe Owezarski - 2010 - In Bernard Reber & Claire Brossaud, Digital cognitive technologies: epistemology and the knowledge economy. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. pp. 101--117.
     
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  42. Filosofía de la ciencia y anarquismo.Diego Ribes Nicolás - 1974 - Teorema: International Journal of Philosophy 4 (4):591-594.
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  43.  38
    Linking Corporate Policy and Supervisory Support with Environmental Citizenship Behaviors: The Role of Employee Environmental Beliefs and Commitment.Nicolas Raineri & Pascal Paillé - 2016 - Journal of Business Ethics 137 (1):129-148.
    This study investigates the social–psychological mechanisms leading individuals in organizations to engage in environmental citizenship behaviors, which entail keeping abreast of, and participating in, the environmental affairs of a company. Informed by the corporate greening and organizational behavior literature, we suggested that an employee’s level of involvement in the management of a company’s environmental impact was the overt manifestation of his or her discretionary sense of commitment to environmental concerns in the work context, and that such commitment developed through the (...)
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  44.  60
    What Goes Around Comes Around: The Evolutionary Roots of the Belief in Immanent Justice.Nicolas Baumard & Coralie Chevallier - 2012 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 12 (1-2):67-80.
    The belief in immanent justice is the expectation that the universe is designed to ensure that evil is punished and virtue rewarded. What makes this belief so ‘natural’? Here, we suggest that this intuition of immanent justice derives from our evolved sense of fairness. In cases where a misdeed is followed by a misfortune, our sense of fairness construes the misfortune as a way to compensate for the misdeed. To test this hypothesis, we designed a set of studies in which (...)
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  45.  94
    Could You Have Thought Differently? An Argument Against Free Will.Nicolas Alzetta - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (5):9-31.
    This paper develops a new argument against free will, understood as the principle of alternative possibilities (PAP). This principle has been central in debates around free will and moral responsibility; however, it is almost always stated in terms of bodily rather than mental action, and it is therefore mainly understood as the possibility to physically act differently, rather than to think differently. The argument presented here is aimed at the latter, which is termed the possibility of alternative thought (PAT). It (...)
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  46. Estado y soberanía popular en Hegel.Nicolás María López Calera - 1983 - Anales de la Cátedra Francisco Suárez 23:147-162.
     
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  47.  17
    Norberto Bobbio: Un socialista liberal. Homenaje a un Maestro.Nicolás López Calera - 2004 - Anales de la Cátedra Francisco Suárez 38:237-239.
    Norberto Bobbio es una de las grandes figuras del pensamiento político y jurídico de nuestro tiempo. Se puede afirmar con motivos que Bobbio, junto con Kelsen, Hart, Rawls, Habermas y Dworkin, ha sido uno de esos grandes maestros de la filosofía jurídica y política del siglo XX que quedarán como clásicos..
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  48.  21
    El problema educativo de la adolescencia en San Agustín.Nicolás Castellanos - 1963 - Augustinus 8 (31):349-394.
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  49. Etude critique réflexions œcuméniques autour de l'encyclique ut unum sint.Nicolas Charrière - 1999 - Revue de Théologie Et de Philosophie 49:283.
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  50.  15
    On pp-elimination and stability in a continuous setting.Nicolas Chavarria & Anand Pillay - 2023 - Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 174 (5):103258.
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