Results for 'Nicolas Dray'

943 found
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  1.  23
    Neural stem cell pools in the vertebrate adult brain: Homeostasis from cell‐autonomous decisions or community rules?Nicolas Dray, Emmanuel Than-Trong & Laure Bally-Cuif - 2021 - Bioessays 43 (3):2000228.
    Adult stem cell populations must coordinate their own maintenance with the generation of differentiated cell types to sustain organ physiology, in a spatially controlled manner and over long periods. Quantitative analyses of clonal dynamics have revealed that, in epithelia, homeostasis is achieved at the population rather than at the single stem cell level, suggesting that feedback mechanisms coordinate stem cell maintenance and progeny generation. In the central nervous system, however, little is known of the possible community processes underlying neural stem (...)
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  2.  79
    The Open Past in an Indeterministic Physics.Nicolas Gisin & Flavio Del Santo - 2022 - Foundations of Physics 53 (1):1-11.
    Discussions on indeterminism in physics focus on the possibility of an open future, i.e. the possibility of having potential alternative future events, the realisation of one of which is not fully determined by the present state of affairs. Yet, can indeterminism affect also the past, making it open as well? We show that by upholding principles of finiteness of information one can entail such a possibility. We provide a toy model that shows how the past could be fundamentally indeterminate, while (...)
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  3.  63
    Measuring republican freedom.Nicolas Côté - 2022 - Synthese 200 (6).
    Republican and so-called independence conceptions of freedom stand out from other conceptions by embedding strong modal conditions on what it takes for a person to count as being free to do something. For this reason, the extent of one’s freedom, conceived under republican/independentist lights, cannot be measured by any of the measures of freedom that have been developed so far in the literature on freedom, since these do not register the requisite modal constraints. In this paper I propose a measure (...)
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  4. Partner choice, fairness, and the extension of morality.Nicolas Baumard, Jean-Baptiste André & Dan Sperber - 2013 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 36 (1):102-122.
    Our discussion of the commentaries begins, at the evolutionary level, with issues raised by our account of the evolution of morality in terms of partner-choice mutualism. We then turn to the cognitive level and the characterization and workings of fairness. In a final section, we discuss the degree to which our fairness-based approach to morality extends to norms that are commonly considered moral even though they are distinct from fairness.
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  5.  25
    Encountering Others, Understanding Ourselves in Medieval and Early Modern Thought.Nicolas Faucher & Virpi Mäkinen (eds.) - 2022 - De Gruyter.
    Recent research has challenged our view of the Abrahamic religious traditions as unilaterally intolerant and incapable of recognizing otherness in all its diversity and richness; but a diachronic and comparative study of how these traditions deal with otherness is yet to appear. This volume aims to contribute to such a study by presenting different treatments of otherness in medieval and early modern thought. Part I: Altruism deals with attitudes and behaviors that benefit others, regardless of its motives. We deal with (...)
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  6. Attention, information and epistemic perception.Nicolas Bullot - 2013
    (in press, under contract with MIT Press, accepted on June 30th, 2006). Attention, Information and Epistemic Perception. In Terzis, G. & Arp, R. (Eds) Information and the Living Systems: Essays in the Philosophy of Biology. The MIT Press. (14,000 words).
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  7. Modesty as a Virtue of Attention.Nicolas Bommarito - 2013 - Philosophical Review 122 (1):93-117.
    The contemporary discussion of modesty has focused on whether or not modest people are accurate about their own good qualities. This essay argues that this way of framing the debate is unhelpful and offers examples to show that neither ignorance nor accuracy about the good qualities related to oneself is necessary for modesty. It then offers an attention-based account, claiming that what is necessary for modesty is to direct one’s attention in certain ways. By analyzing modesty in this way, we (...)
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  8. Explaining moral religions.Nicolas Baumard & Pascal Boyer - 2013 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 17 (6):272-280.
  9.  21
    René Dubos, the Autochthonous Flora, and the Discovery of the Microbiome.Nicolas Rasmussen - 2022 - Journal of the History of Biology 55 (3):537-558.
    Now characterised by high-throughput sequencing methods that enable the study of microbes without lab culture, the human “microbiome” (the microbial flora of the body) is said to have revolutionary implications for biology and medicine. According to many experts, we must now understand ourselves as “holobionts” like lichen or coral, multispecies superorganisms that consist of animal and symbiotic microbes in combination, because normal physiological function depends on them. Here I explore the 1960s research of biologist René Dubos, a forerunner figure mentioned (...)
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  10.  3
    The Mid-Century Biophysics Bubble: Hiroshima and the Biological Revolution in America, Revisited.Nicolas Rasmussen - 1997 - History of Science 35 (3):245-293.
  11.  58
    Sensory load incurs conceptual processing costs.Nicolas Vermeulen, Olivier Corneille & Paula M. Niedenthal - 2008 - Cognition 109 (2):287-294.
  12.  97
    How to Bootstrap a Human Communication System.Nicolas Fay, Michael Arbib & Simon Garrod - 2013 - Cognitive Science 37 (7):1356-1367.
    How might a human communication system be bootstrapped in the absence of conventional language? We argue that motivated signs play an important role (i.e., signs that are linked to meaning by structural resemblance or by natural association). An experimental study is then reported in which participants try to communicate a range of pre-specified items to a partner using repeated non-linguistic vocalization, repeated gesture, or repeated non-linguistic vocalization plus gesture (but without using their existing language system). Gesture proved more effective (measured (...)
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  13.  44
    Punishment is not a group adaptation.Nicolas Baumard - 2011 - Mind and Society 10 (1):1-26.
    Punitive behaviours are often assumed to be the result of an instinct for punishment. This instinct would have evolved to punish wrongdoers and it would be the evidence that cooperation has evolved by group selection. Here, I propose an alternative theory according to which punishment is a not an adaptation and that there was no specific selective pressure to inflict costs on wrongdoers in the ancestral environment. In this theory, cooperation evolved through partner choice for mutual advantage. In the ancestral (...)
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  14. Facts, artifacts, and mesosomes: Practicing epistemology with the electron microscope.Nicolas Rasmussen - 1993 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 24 (2):227-265.
  15.  77
    The Interactive Evolution of Human Communication Systems.Nicolas Fay, Simon Garrod, Leo Roberts & Nik Swoboda - 2010 - Cognitive Science 34 (3):351-386.
    This paper compares two explanations of the process by which human communication systems evolve: iterated learning and social collaboration. It then reports an experiment testing the social collaboration account. Participants engaged in a graphical communication task either as a member of a community, where they interacted with seven different partners drawn from the same pool, or as a member of an isolated pair, where they interacted with the same partner across the same number of games. Participants’ horizontal, pair‐wise interactions led (...)
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  16.  28
    The Symbol.Nicolas Abraham & Tom Goodwin - 2023 - Angelaki 28 (5):135-161.
    [R]eflection is a system of thought no less closed than insanity, with this difference that it understands itself and the madman too, whereas the madman does not understand it.– Merleau-Ponty, Phen...
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  17.  10
    ¿Es compatible el progreso de la razón con el de la poesía? Denis Diderot frente a un dilema del pensamiento ilustrado.Nicolás Olszevicki - 2020 - Tópicos 40:97-131.
    ¿Es posible que el arte progrese al mismo ritmo que la filosofía racional? ¿No existe algún tipo de incompatibilidad constitutiva entre ambos modos de interpretar la realidad, de manera tal que, siempre, la mayor precisión de la última implica una menor intensidad del primero? Tales preguntas constituyeron un vital eje de preocupación para los pensadores de la Ilustración francesa. En este artículo, nos concentramos en la respuesta que Denis Diderot intenta dar al dilema. Mostramos, en primer lugar, cómo el editor (...)
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  18. Notes on the Phantom: A Complement to Freud's Metapsychology.Nicolas Abraham & Nicholas Rand - 1987 - Critical Inquiry 13 (2):287-292.
    The belief that the spirits of the dead can return to haunt the living exists either as a tenet or as a marginal conviction in all civilizations, whether ancient or modern. More often than not, the dead do not return to reunite the living with their loved ones but rather to lead them into some dreadful snare, entrapping them with disastrous consequences. To be sure, all the departed may return, but some are predestined to haunt: the dead who have been (...)
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  19.  95
    Functional cerebral reorganization: a signature of expertise? Reexamining Guida, Gobet, Tardieu, and Nicolas' (2012) two-stage framework.Alessandro Guida, Fernand Gobet & Serge Nicolas - 2013 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 7.
  20. If Panpsychism Is True, Then What? Part 2: Existential Implications.Nicolas Kuske & Luke Roelofs - forthcoming - Giornale di Metafisica.
    If panpsychism is true, it suggests that consciousness pervades not only our brains and bodies but also the entire universe, prompting a reevaluation of our existential attitudes. Hence, panpsychism potentially fulfills psychological needs typically addressed by religious beliefs, such as a sense of belonging and purpose but also transcendence. The discussion is organized into two main areas: the implications of panpsychism for basic human existential needs, such as feelings of kinship, ommunication, and loneliness; and for greater existential questions relating to (...)
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  21. The Possibility of Preemptive Forgiving.Nicolas Cornell - 2017 - Philosophical Review 126 (2):241-272.
    This essay defends the possibility of preemptive forgiving, that is, forgiving before the offending action has taken place. This essay argues that our moral practices and emotions admit such a possibility, and it attempts to offer examples to illustrate this phenomenon. There are two main reasons why someone might doubt the possibility of preemptive forgiving. First, one might think that preemptive forgiving would amount to granting permission. Second, one might think that forgiving requires emotional content that is not available prior (...)
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  22. Non-realism: Deep Thought or a Soft Option?Nicolas Gisin - 2012 - Foundations of Physics 42 (1):80-85.
    The claim that the observation of a violation of a Bell inequality leads to an alleged alternative between nonlocality and non-realism is annoying because of the vagueness of the second term.
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  23.  27
    The Mid-Century Biophysics Bubble: Hiroshima and the Biological Revolution in America, Revisited.Nicolas Rasmussen - 1997 - History of Science 35 (3):245-293.
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  24. Weird people, yes, but also weird experiments.Nicolas Baumard & Dan Sperber - 2010 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 33 (2-3):84-85.
    Henrich et al.’s article fleshes out in a very useful and timely manner comments often heard but rarely published about the extraordinary cultural imbalance in the recruitment of participants in psychology experiments and the doubt this casts on generalization of findings from these “weird” samples to humans in general. The authors mention that one of the concerns they have met in defending their views has been of a methodological nature: “the observed variation across populations may be due to various methodological (...)
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  25. On the epistemological analysis of modeling and computational error in the mathematical sciences.Nicolas Fillion & Robert M. Corless - 2014 - Synthese 191 (7):1451-1467.
    Interest in the computational aspects of modeling has been steadily growing in philosophy of science. This paper aims to advance the discussion by articulating the way in which modeling and computational errors are related and by explaining the significance of error management strategies for the rational reconstruction of scientific practice. To this end, we first characterize the role and nature of modeling error in relation to a recipe for model construction known as Euler’s recipe. We then describe a general model (...)
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  26.  50
    Alexithymia and the automatic processing of affective information: Evidence from the affective priming paradigm.Nicolas Vermeulen, Olivier Luminet & Olivier Corneille - 2006 - Cognition and Emotion 20 (1):64-91.
    In Study 1, we examined the moderating impact of alexithymia (i.e., a difficulty identifying and describing feelings to other people and an externally oriented cognitive style) on the automatic processing of affective information. The affective priming paradigm was used, and lower priming effects for high alexithymia scorers were observed when congruent (incongruent) pairs involving nonverbal primes (angry face) and verbal target were presented. The results held after controlling for participants' negative affectivity. The same effects were replicated in Studies 2 and (...)
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  27. The Replaceability Argument in the Ethics of Animal Husbandry.Nicolas Delon - 2016 - Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Ethics.
    Most people agree that inflicting unnecessary suffering upon animals is wrong. Many fewer people, including among ethicists, agree that painlessly killing animals is necessarily wrong. The most commonly cited reason is that death (without pain, fear, distress) is not bad for them in a way that matters morally, or not as significantly as it does for persons, who are self-conscious, make long-term plans and have preferences about their own future. Animals, at least those that are not persons, lack a morally (...)
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  28. Evolving scientific epistemologies and the artifacts of empirical philosophy of science: A reply concerning mesosomes.Nicolas Rasmussen - 2001 - Biology and Philosophy 16 (5):627-652.
    In a 1993 paper, I argued that empirical treatments of the epistemologyused by scientists in experimental work are too abstract in practice tocounter relativist efforts to explain the outcome of scientificcontroversies by reference to sociological forces. This was because, atthe rarefied level at which the methodology of scientists is treated byphilosophers, multiple mutually inconsistent instantiations of theprinciples described by philosophers are employed by contestingscientists. These multiple construals change within a scientificcommunity over short time frames, and these different versions ofscientific methodology (...)
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  29. Imaginative Moral Development.Nicolas Bommarito - 2017 - Journal of Value Inquiry 51 (2):251-262.
    The picture of moral development defended by followers of Aristotle takes moral cultivation to be like playing a harp; one gets to be good by actually spending time playing a real instrument. On this view, we cultivate a virtue by doing the actions associated with that virtue. I argue that this picture is inadequate and must be supplemented by imaginative techniques. One can, and sometimes must, cultivate virtue without actually performing the associated actions. Drawing on strands in Buddhist philosophy, I (...)
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  30.  69
    Categorical perception of anger is disrupted in alexithymia: Evidence from a visual ERP study.Nicolas Vermeulen, Olivier Luminet, Mariana Cordovil de Sousa & Salvatore Campanella - 2008 - Cognition and Emotion 22 (6):1052-1067.
    High and low alexithymia scorers were confronted with a modified visual oddball task that allowed the study of categorical perception of emotional expressions on faces. Participants had to quickly detect a deviant (rare) morphed face that shared or did not share the same emotional expression as the frequent one. Expected categorical perception effects, which were also neurophysiologically indexed, showed that rare stimuli were detected faster if they depicted a different emotional expression compared to rare stimuli depicting the same emotional expression (...)
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  31.  77
    First-Order Dialogical Games and Tableaux.Nicolas Clerbout - 2014 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 43 (4):785-801.
    We present a new proof of soundness/completeness of tableaux with respect to dialogical games in Classical First-Order Logic. As far as we know it is the first thorough result for dialogical games where finiteness of plays is guaranteed by means of what we call repetition ranks.
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  32. Seeing Clearly: A Buddhist Guide to Life.Nicolas Bommarito - 2020 - New York, USA: Oxford University Press.
    Many of us, even on our happiest days, struggle to quiet the constant buzz of anxiety in the background of our minds. All kinds of worries--worries about losing people and things, worries about how we seem to others--keep us from peace of mind. Distracted or misled by our preoccupations, misconceptions, and, most of all, our obsession with ourselves, we don't see the world clearly--we don't see the world as it really is. In our search for happiness and the good life, (...)
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  33. Virtuous and Vicious Anger.Bommarito Nicolas - 2017 - Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy 11 (3):1-28.
    I defend an account of when and why anger is morally virtuous or vicious. Anger often manifests what we care about; a sports fan gets angry when her favorite team loses because she cares about the team doing well. Anger, I argue, is made morally virtuous or vicious by the underlying care or concern. Anger is virtuous when it manifests moral concern and vicious when it manifests moral indifference or ill will. In defending this view, I reject two common views (...)
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  34.  26
    Topological models of epistemic set theory.Nicolas D. Goodman - 1990 - Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 46 (2):147-167.
  35.  37
    Unintended embodiment of concepts into percepts: Sensory activation boosts attention for same-modality concepts in the attentional blink paradigm.Nicolas Vermeulen, Martial Mermillod, Jimmy Godefroid & Olivier Corneille - 2009 - Cognition 112 (3):467-472.
  36.  48
    Hegel's Ethical Organicism.Nicolás García Mills - forthcoming - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy.
    In this paper, I attempt to make sense of Hegel’s repeated comparisons between the biological and the social by articulating and defending the claim that social members and the institutions in which they participate are normatively evaluable, for him, in a manner analogous to that of animal organisms and their parts. In arguing for this interpretive thesis, I hope to bring together two Hegelian views (namely, what I shall refer to as his normative essentialism about animal organisms and his organicism (...)
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  37. Bell Inequalities: Many Questions, a Few Answers.Nicolas Gisin - 2009 - In Wayne C. Myrvold & Joy Christian, Quantum Reality, Relativistic Causality, and Closing the Epistemic Circle. Springer. pp. 125--138.
    What can be more fascinating than experimental metaphysics, to quote one of Abner Shimony’s enlightening expressions? Bell inequalities are at the heart of the study of nonlocality. I present a list of open questions, organised in three categories: fundamental; linked to experiments; and exploring nonlocality as a resource. New families of inequalities for binary outcomes are presented.
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  38.  12
    La "dissolution" paradoxale du sujet dans la période nietzschéenne de la "maturité".Nicolas Quérini - 2024 - Labyrinth: An International Journal for Philosophy, Value Theory and Sociocultural Hermeneutics 26 (1):80-98.
    In Nietzsche's "mature" texts, we are witnessing a complete dissolution of the subject. At first glance, however, this appears highly paradoxical (Wotling 2015), leading some commentators to suggest that there is a real contradiction in Nietzsche's work (Gardner 2009), insofar as the author never ceases to speak of himself and at the same time invites his reader to become who he is. Are we to understand, then, that any self is illusory and constitutes a metaphysical illusion, i.e., that the becoming (...)
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  39. A study in the cognition of individuals' identity: Solving the problem of singular cognition in object and agent tracking.Nicolas Bullot - 2007 - Consciousness and Cognition 16 (2):276-293.
    This article compares the ability to track individuals lacking mental states with the ability to track intentional agents. It explains why reference to individuals raises the problem of explaining how cognitive agents track unique individuals and in what sense reference is based on procedures of perceptual-motor and epistemic tracking. We suggest applying the notion of singular-files from theories in perception and semantics to the problem of tracking intentional agents. In order to elucidate the nature of agent-files, three views of the (...)
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  40.  39
    Hegelian Practical Freedom and Nature.Nicolás García Mills - 2022 - Journal of Modern Philosophy 4 (1):13.
    In this paper, I argue that, despite his remarks to the effect that freedom consists in the ‘movement’ away from nature, Hegel conceives of the will as a natural power or capacity of sorts. I articulate and defend this thesis in two steps. In section I of the paper, I sketch a reading of Hegel’s account of practical freedom in the Introduction to the Philosophy of Right as a capacity to respond to ethical requirements or duties. In section II, I (...)
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  41.  13
    Le Centre de Civilisation Francaise et d'etudes Francophones, de Foucault a 4EU+.Nicolas Maslowski - 2022 - Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa 55 (4):171-180.
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  42.  18
    Pratiche di verità e strutture di potere: per un'ermeneutica etico-politica del concetto di parrhesia in Michel Foucault.Nicolas Masciopinto - 2020 - Assisi: Cittadella editrice.
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  43.  28
    Spatial biases in mental arithmetic are independent of reading/writing habits: Evidence from French and Arabic speakers.Nicolas Masson, Michael Andres, Marie Alsamour, Zoé Bollen & Mauro Pesenti - 2020 - Cognition 200 (C):104262.
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  44.  72
    Reification Fallacies and Inappropriate Totalities.Nicolas Maudet & Nicholas Rescher - 2000 - Informal Logic 20 (1).
    As Russell's paradox of "the set of all sets that do not contain themselves" indicated long ago, matters go seriously amiss if one operates an ontology of unrestricted totalization. Some sort of restriction must be placed on such items as "the set of all sets that have the feature F' or "the conjunction of all truths that have the feature G." But generally, logicians here introduce such formalized and complex devices as the theory of types or the doctrine of impredictivity. (...)
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  45. Una historia de la noche y otras técnicas.Nicolás Mavrakis - 2023 - Buenos Aires, Argentina: Prometeo Editorial.
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  46.  16
    Alcances Y límites Del “método de dramatización” en diferencia Y repetición.Nicolás Alvarado Castillo - 2020 - Universitas Philosophica 37 (74):101-138.
    A key moment in the development of Deleuze’s Difference and Repetition is signaled by the introduction, during the discussion of the asymmetric synthesis of the sensible, of the concepts of spatium and intensive quantities. The description of the characteristics of this field of individuation and the type of entities that inhabit it is necessary for thinking the relationship between the differential elements that compose ideas and the state of affairs in which they become incarnated. In other words, in order to (...)
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  47.  12
    This dog barking: the strange story of U.G. Krishnamurti.Nicolas C. Grey - 2017 - Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India: HarperCollins Publishers India. Edited by James Farley.
    "... chronicles the story of U.G. Krishnamurti, the Cosmic Naxalite, from his troubled childhood to his disillusionment with many of the leading spiritual teachers of the twentieth century and his catastrophic personal life. In 1967, UG underwent a series of biological mutations that left him in the 'natural state'--functioning without the interference of thought. With no fixed address, no followers and no organization, UG spent the next thirty years travelling the world with an uncompromising message: that 'mind is a myth' (...)
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  48.  18
    La coherencia del conciliacionismo.Nicolás Lo Guercio - 2018 - Tópicos 35:87-119.
    El artículo se ocupa de la cuestión de los desacuerdos entre pares epistémicos. En primer lugar, se presenta una teoría al respecto que distingue entre desacuerdos fuertes y desacuerdos débiles. Dicha teoría es 'híbrida', en tanto prescribe una reacción conciliadora en un caso y una reacción obstinada en el otro. En segundo lugar, se presenta una objeción contra las posturas conciliadoras que amenaza la posición aquí defendida. De acuerdo con esta objeción, las posiciones conciliadoras prescriben en algunas circunstancias su propio (...)
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  49.  19
    De los usos de la muerte en La expropiación de Raúl Ruiz.Nicolas Lema Habash - 2021 - Aisthesis 69.
    Se propone una interpretación del filme La expropiación de Raúl Ruiz, realizado en 1971-1973. Se analizan los distintos dispositivos que hacen alusión al tema de la “muerte” en la cinta y, desde una perspectiva cinematográfica comparada, se proponen las principales intervenciones que Ruiz hace con esta película al género del “muerto viviente”. Se argumenta que la muerte se constituye en un aspecto que permite movilizar una serie de ideas respecto del proceso político chileno. Los muertos vivientes se constituyen en expresiones (...)
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  50. Cooperative primates and competitive primatologists : prosociality and polemics in a nonhuman social science.Nicolas Langlitz - 2023 - In Didier Fassin & George Steinmetz, The social sciences in the looking glass: studies in the production of knowledge. Durham: Duke University Press.
     
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