Over the last decades, various predictors have proven relevant for job performance [e.g., general mental ability, broad personality traits, such as the Big Five]. However, prediction of job performance is far from perfect, and further potentially relevant predictors need to be investigated. Narrower personality traits, such as individuals' character strengths, have emerged as meaningfully related to different aspects of job performance. However, it is still unclear whether character strengths can explain additional variance in job performance over and above already known (...) powerful predictors. Consequently, the present study aimed at examining the incremental validity of character strengths as predictors of job performance beyond GMA and/or the Big Five traits and identifying the most important predictors of job performance out of the 24 character strengths, GMA, and the Big Five. Job performance was operationalized with multidimensional measures of both productive and counterproductive work behavior. A sample of 169 employees from different occupations completed web-based self-assessments on character strengths, GMA, and the Big Five. Additionally, the employees' supervisors provided web-based ratings of their job performance. Results showed that character strengths incrementally predicted job performance beyond GMA, the Big Five, or GMA plus the Big Five; explained variance increased up to 54.8, 43.1, and 38.4%, respectively, depending on the dimension of job performance. Exploratory relative weight analyses revealed that for each of the dimensions of job performance, at least one character strength explained a numerically higher amount of variance than GMA and the Big Five, except for individual task proactivity, where GMA exhibited the numerically highest amount of explained variance. The present study shows that character strengths are relevant predictors of job performance in addition to GMA and other conceptualizations of personality. This also highlights the role of socio-emotional skills, such as character strengths, for the understanding of performance outcomes above and beyond cognitive ability. (shrink)

The article discusses the concept of multisensuality in the satirical prints of the Georgian era in England, focusing on how the sensory perception enhances the visual humor. Drawing upon historical and cultural contexts, this study investigates how English caricaturists employed various sensory elements, such as sight, sound, smell, taste and touch to convey satire and provoke emotional responses among viewers. Ten satirical prints by five different authors were chosen for the analysis.

Актуальність теми дослідження зумовлена потребою сучасних реалій творити нові цінності, які є засобом самовираження людини, та створювати запити соціально-етичної практики саме через розуміння етико-філософських аспектів критичного раціоналізму. У цьому контексті етичне виховання формує життєво-ціннісні орієнтації особистості, що є досить важливим аспектом сучасних реалій. У статті розкрито питання творчого підходу до основних етичних цінностей, які потрібно включити у процес пізнання, в якому належить досягнути єдності знання про суще і належне як однієї зі змістовних характеристик сучасної етики. Водночас, емпірична методологія критичного раціоналізму (...) дає можливість з урахуванням нової фалібілістичної логіки процесу пізнання визначити раціоналістичну співвіднесеність сущого і належного. Показано, що сучасні філософсько-методологічні системи призначені для формування в етиці ціннісно-зорієнтованого знання, яке насамперед має набути статус раціонально-обґрунтованого, щоб нести у собі не абстрактні морально-імперативні нормативи, а цілісно-змістовні аксіологічні елементи наукової теорії. Доцільність її постійно зростає, тому що здійснює на засадах критичного раціоналізму методологічний та раціональний підхід до розв’язання етичних питань, які можуть бути досліджені і пояснені не догматично, а планомірно і раціонально. Водночас уточнено, що критичний раціоналізм як науковий підхід і спосіб філософського мислення має головним своїм завданням на нових емпіричних засадах (порівняно з кантівським трактуванням його місця в гносеології) формувати нову методологію етики як науки, що трансформується в етичну наукову теорію. (shrink)

Russian philosophy has always lived on translations. Difficulties in the process of creating a conceptual language used to be overcome gradually, one by one. Now, in the post-Soviet period after all of the locks had been opened, the accelerated development of Russian culture often causes us to assimilate deconstructivism before constructivism and some newer versions of phenomenology before Husserl. It brings about a cultural paradox which cannot be solved by habitual philosophical means. My point here is that Russian philology is (...) able to contribute toward finding a way out. The paper aims to justify this idea. (shrink)

Globalization has now become an integral part of our lives. One of the basic components of globalization is the integration process that involves all areas of human life including language evolution. We consequently look at this problem in terms of language and natural language processes influenced by a complex variety of factors—both interlinguistic and extralinguistic-focusing mainly on the linguistic contacts with emphasis on areal aspects.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the identity policy implemented within the Union State of Belarus and Russia and determine the ways of its improving. Methods and materials: materials include acts of the Union State of Belarus and Russia and materials from Russian and Belarusian media; the methodological basis was laid by general scientific methods (system analysis, ascent from the abstract to the concrete, ascent from the individual to the general, synthesis, comparative method) and special legal and political (...) science scientific methods (formal legal method, method of legal hermeneutics, institutional-functional and system-structural approaches, content analysis method). Results and conclusions: the formation of the Union State of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation is inscribed in a complex multilevel context of international and domestic political processes, which co-determine opportunities and settle limitations for the unification strategies. The authors analyze the international and domestic factors that determine the slow character of the integration process. The authors propose one of the possible integration vectors. This vector assumes implementing a multi-level identity policy, which aims at forming a coherent political community at the heart of the Union State and needs today comprehensive development and legal and institutional support. The authors show that implementing this policy is possible only within the framework of the citizenship development. The article formulates some directions of this policy, which currently have not fully revealed their unifying potential and need further improvement. (shrink)

The existence of embodied communication in humans places them among other living systems and helps to differentiate sign patterns that are common to all bioforms from those that are peculiarly human. Despite the fact that the biological roots of communication have been proven, the understanding of human forms of discourse is still far from being clarified. The main question remains: when and why did humans acquire the ability to exchange messages via speech? My thesis is that it became possible only (...) after humans made a shift from on-line to off-line interaction and learned to communicate in the interpersonal mode via externalized analog codes that constitute the various forms of human culture. (shrink)

One of the central questions in second language processing studies is whether native and second language readers process sentences relying on the same mechanisms or there are qualitative differences. As their proficiency grows, L2 readers become more efficient, but it is difficult to determine whether they develop native-like mechanisms or rely on different strategies. Our study contributes to this debate by focusing on constructions that were demonstrated to cause characteristic problems in L1 processing: a particular type of case errors in (...) Russian was taken as an example. We investigated how beginner and intermediate learners of Russian process such errors, measuring reading times and grammaticality judgment accuracy. At the beginner level, we found non-native-like patterns both in online and in offline measures. But at the intermediate level, native-like problems emerged in offline measures. In our view, this is a strong indication that these readers are using the same underlying mechanisms as in L1 processing. In online measures, L2 readers at both levels were, in general, much slower than native participants and exhibited characteristic non-native-like patterns, which we explained by delayed morphosyntactic processing. We conclude that our results are compatible with approaches, assuming that the mechanisms for L1 and advanced L2 processing are the same, but L2 processing is more cognitively demanding and therefore slower. (shrink)

Vaesen suggests that motor control is not among the primary origins of the uniqueness of human tool use. However, recent findings show that cognitive processes involved in control of human limb movements may be much more sophisticated than it was believed previously. The sophistication of movement control may substantially contribute to the uniqueness of humans in tool use.

Prologue Ce projet de numéro thématique intitulé « Approches temporelles du développement durable » a été lancé fin 2017. L’appel à articles questionnait notamment le rôle des actions politiques dans les transitions, la perception des temporalités et le changement de comportements. Depuis le lancement de ce numéro, de nombreux événements ont eu lieu, illustrant la complexité et l’imprévisibilité des dynamiques sociales en lien avec le développement durable. En France, la démission de Nicolas...

_Adaptation_ is the film this article is about. The rules of electronic articles require that it be quoted with underscores. 'Adaptation' is the subject and title of this articleand so should be indicated with inverted commas. Adaptation, without underlining and without quotation marks, is just adaptation, the thing itself. And here comes the question: what is Real Thing Itself? _Adaptation_ addresses the question of what the real, the primary, is, and its relation with that which is secondary -- with the (...) many interpretations, versions, understandings, adaptations. (shrink)

The article explores the extent to which experts from different countries share the same axiological approaches with regard to the dialogue among civilizations and international cooperation at governmental and grass-roots levels. The article shows how subject matter experts provide collaborative input into the features and limits that shape global universal values. Interactions among civilizations promoting their equality and partnership as opposed to clashes should be at the heart of the transformations of values. Such transformations are expected to foster mutual exchange (...) and enrichment achieved through a deeper understanding of the inevitability of increasing global interconnectedness and mutual dependence. (shrink)

The paper deals with the problem of the social construction of the Self in socio-phenomenological perspective. I am trying to explore the idea, that the shortcomings of the so-called classical Self-models can be clearly explicit in the light of socio-phenomenological approach. Heuristic power of transcendentally phenomenological conception of the Ego and Alter Ego is examined as well as its further development in the framework of phenomenological tradition in the social sciences. Turning to postmodern tradition in the social thinking, I am (...) trying to argue, that significance of phenomenological approach to the problem of the social construction of the Self consists in the fact, that it mediates “classic” Self-theories in European social thinking and further developed radical forms of cognitive constructivism which paves the way to postmodern deconstruction. (shrink)

The article sets out to explore two plays by contemporary playwrights, one American, the other Ukrainian, focusing on William Shakespeare and Lesia Ukrainka, respectively, within the framework of “the author as character” subgenre of fictional biography. Accordingly, the article considers the correlation between the factual and the fi ctional as one of its foci of attention. Drawing upon a variety of theoretical approaches, the article summarizes the principal characteristics of “the author as character” subgenre and proceeds to discuss how they (...) operate in the dramas under scrutiny. The analysis makes it abundantly clear that in Nigro’s and Nezhdana’s plays the balance between fact and fi ction is defi nitively tipped in favor of the latter. By centering their biographical plays on highly mythologized artists of national standing, both dramatists aimed at demythologizing these cult fi gures, inevitably placing them, however, within new mythical plots combining a Neo-Romantic vision of the artist as demiurge, with a Neo-Baroque as well as fin de siècle apology of death and a postmodern denial of one objective reality. (shrink)

This paper provides a critical analysis of the premises and arguments put forward by the Ius Constitutionale Commune en America Latina project to ground the image of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights as an agent of democratic transformation. It highlights three critical aspects: 1. the profile of the Court is constructed by legal scholars relying on self-validation and self-referentiality, 2. that image validates the idea that lawyers and the judiciary are agents of transformation ruling over local spaces from above, (...) thereby discarding people as the central subjects of change and democratization, and 3. the concept of representative democracy becomes a device that secures the self-validating dynamics of the image of the Court as democracy builder. (shrink)

Spiritual searches in society - the search for the ideal, the meaning of life, moral values, and others. - along with the need to justify the joyless everyday existence, especially in the older and middle generations, the justification for victims and misfortunes not anticipated by the optimistic state propagated by the state has found its reproduction in religion. This search is carried out not only inside the church, but also among those categories of people who, in their upbringing and way (...) of life, are far from religion and can be called indifferent. (shrink)

The article discusses the immediate post-war persistence and subsequent rejection of eugenics in East-Central European socialist states, exploring the case of premarital medical certificates. Building our analysis on published and archival sources, we show that immediately after the war, policies formulated at the governmental level were informed by eugenic ideas in medical expertise. Premarital medical certificates were aimed at combatting contagious diseases and thus securing a healthy population. Their legal status varied: in Poland, they were formally introduced; in the Soviet (...) Occupied Zone and East Germany, Nazi law was abolished, but local officials still advocated for the introduction of certificates; and in Czechoslovakia, medical certificates were planned but not introduced. Despite these differences, after a short period between 1949 and 1950, the attempts to put a measure into practice ended in all three countries. We argue that the communist takeover and consolidation of power played a decisive role. After 1950, premarital medical certificates were not discussed again in Czechoslovakia or East Germany; in Poland, the debate re-emerged in 1959–60 during political liberalization. (shrink)

It is now taken for granted in many circles that substantial psychological variability exists across human populations; we do not merely differ in the ways we behave, but in the ways we think, as well. Versions of this view have been around since early interest in ‘cultural relativism’ in cultural psychology and anthropology, but Joe Henrich, Steven Heine, and Ara Norenzayan’s 2010 paper, ‘The Weirdest People in the World?’ has had an exciting and catalyzing impact on the field, getting researchers (...) involved in discussions of human nature to take cross-cultural cognitive diversity seriously. Reviewing a broad selection of comparative studies from across the behavioral sciences, in social psychology, cognitive... (shrink)

Шлях розвитку сучасного суспільства зорієнтований на постійне збільшення виробництва і споживання природних ресурсів, що спричиняє глобальну екологічну кризу, яка може бути одним із джерел стресу сучасної людини. Показано, що формування нового способу взаємин людини, техніки й природи є одним із завдань сучасної соціальної роботи. Актуальність теми зумовлена глобальністю екологічної проблеми й розширенням сфери екологічного знання на сучасну соціальну роботу, а також потребою формування життєво-ціннісних орієнтацій, зокрема відповідальному й гуманному ставленню як до природи, так і до людини. Доводиться, що саме звернення (...) соціальних працівників до екологічної теорії було зумовлено життєвою необхідністю, коли увага зосереджувалася на проблемі взаємодії людини з навколишнім природним середовищем. Більшість соціальних теорій орієнтувались на особистість, вважаючи природу лише середовищем життєдіяльності людини, проте екологічна теорія наголошує і на цінності природного середовища, і на його взаємозв'язках з людиною, при цьому людина своєю практичною діяльністю змінює природне середовище, а довкілля, своєю чергою, позитивно впливає на людей. Зважаючи на це, доведено необхідність принципово нових підходів, зокрема екологічного, до соціальної роботи. Розглянуто соціально-філософську ретроспективу екологічного фактору в соціальній роботі. Вона не просто має інформувати про стан речей, а навчати соціальних працівників дієвим засобам протидії екологічно-кризовим явищам. Ці питання підпорядковані тому, щоб соціальна робота набувала соціально-гуманістичного спрямування і саме через екологічні знання, які в процесі соціальної роботи орієнтувалися б на абсолютну цінність природи. Відповідно соціальна робота прогресуватиме, коли вона розвиватиметься на засадах філософії освіти і враховуватиме інтереси особистості як природної істоти. (shrink)

Este escrito tiene como fin reflexionar sobre la identificación que hace el hombre de su contingente condición humana en la narración, y sobre cómo se hace posible re-construir su ser, a partir del incesante descubrimiento de su identidad narrativa en las lecturas que hace, tanto para sí mismo como para la alteridad; a la luz de la condición poética borgiana.

The article considers the interpretation of the culture and philosophy of Ancient Egypt and Babylon in the texts of writers of the late nineteenth–early twentieth centuries. This topic was highly important and widely discussed in connection with the outstanding discoveries of archaeological expeditions in the 1900–1920s in the Valley of the Kings on the Nile. In his treatise “Tajna trekh: Egipet i Vavilon”, Dmitry Merezhkovsky, referring to religious views of the previous eras, attempted to find an ideological synthesis that could (...) unite and reconcile people in the hard times of wars and revolutions. Alexander Chayanov in his story “Puteshestvie moego brata Alekseia v stranu krest’ianskoj utopii” turned to the biblical symbolism of the Tower of Babel which sought to overcome, as it were, the chaos that engulfed society—to give a warning against rash prometheistic ideas. He examined the ability of man to fight against the power of fate, to remain true to himself and to his ideas. In his mystical stories there can be traced allusions to the mysteries of the goddess Isis. Their heroines bear chthonic features. Chayanov examined how the feeling of love can destroy or revive the hero depending on his integrity and readiness to undergo evolution in order to find harmony. (shrink)

У статті аналізуються питання вивчення українськими істориками ХХ - початку ХХІ ст. наукової діяльності М. Грушевського у Всеукраїнській академії наук (ВУАН). Розглянуто висвітлення цієї наукової проблеми у працях радянських істориків, науковців діаспори, сучасних учених. З'ясовано історіографічні оцінки ролі Михайла Сергійовича в організації роботи вказаної інституції, значення його діяльності задля надання українській історичній науці академічного, міжнародного рівня.

The article highlights particular issues of the research of M.Hrushevskyi's scientific and publicistic activities in the period (1907-1914) carried out by researchers of Ukrainian historiography. The historians considered a number of issues connected with the increase in his activities in the context of peculiarities of the historiographical condition in those times. The historiographical analysis has made it possible to determine the extent of the research of M.Hrushevskyi's scientific and publicistic activities in that period of his life carried out by the (...) Ukrainian scientists and to broaden the scope of issues of further development of Hrushevskyi studies. 1907 - 1914 was a hard and controversial period in the Ukrainian history but M.Hrushevskyi was preoccupied with work in order to help the national movement achieve its goal - autonomy of Ukraine. The historian published such scientific works as "History of Ukraine-Rus" - vol. 6 and 7, "History of the Ukrainian Cossacks", "Illustrated History of Ukraine" and others; publicistic works concerned with vital political issues of those times in such journals as "Movement of the Ukrainian political and social thought in the 19th century", "From the traveling wave", "Liberation of Russia and the Ukrainian issue", "Our policy" and others. That is why the aforementioned period of M.Hrushevskyi's activities was distinguished by fruitful work in the fields of science and publicistic writing. In the publicistic studios of those times the historian was trying to explain the socio-political situation Ukraine was being faced by and to give good advice on how to overcome that hard condition. In this context, the analysis of the outstanding historian's legacy carried out by the researchers of Ukrainian historiography makes the circle of blank spaces in M.Hrushevskyi studies narrower in particular and sets new objectives that boost further development of the Ukrainian historical science as a whole. The analysis of the research carried out by historians and publicistic writers has made it possible to realize the scientists' interest in this problem. M.Hrushevskyi's contemporaries (M.Gechter, S.Iefremov, V.Doroshenko, V.Gerasymchuk and V.Picheta) paid their highest compliments to his scientific and publicistic activities, acknowledging his positive understanding of the socio-political processes of those times along with his experience of a historian and a publicistic writer. They also acknowledged the influence of scientific and publicistic activities on the cultural and spiritual level of all the groups of the population from intelligentsia to ordinary people. The evaluations of that period of M.Hrushevskyi's activities presented by Soviet historians were ambiguous. Besides an attempt was made to analyze his scientific and publicistic activities. On the other hand, there were some accusations of negative treatment of Marxist-Leninist methodology. The historian's activities were examined in other aspects by emigrants, such as D.Doroshenko, O.Ogloblyn, N.Polonska-Vasylenko and O.Pritsak. They ascertained that those activities had an influence on the union of the two parts of Ukraine. In this context, they emphasized the great role of the scientific and organizational activities and acknowledged the scientist's high level of publicistic work as well as his incessant work at "History of Ukraine-Rus" from the point of view of a historian and a sociologist. The historiographical analysis has revealed various aspects in the highlight of this problem the historians were trying to solve and set a number of objectives for the future. (shrink)

The question about the object, method, and nature of Psychology in the first half of the 19th century received three proposals: the first, presented by Christian Wolff, appealed to the conciliation between the Psychologia Rationalis and the Psychologia Empirica based on the process of Experimentalphysik and in the Principle of Sufficient Reason; the second, proposed a shift towards Physiology this proposal was responsible for establishing the Psychology as an independent Science; the third offers an existential approach to mental phenomena. We (...) argue that the project of Søren Kierkegaard presents a Psychology Experimenterende as a response to Psychologia Empirica and the Experimentelle Psychologie. (shrink)

The article describes the construction process of Deductive Flexibility Test  considered a difficult deductive reasoning measure – and the research on correlations between fluency in difficult deductive reasoning and other cognitive abilities. The main goal in the research was to examine the relations between Deductive Flexibility Test scores and results of Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices – fluid intelligence test. Additionally, the measures of the need for cognitive closure and epistemological understanding were included in the study. The results of the (...) study revealed that Deductive Flexibility Test is a reliable instrument and thus can be used for research purposes. We found low or even no statistically significant correlations between the chosen variables. The directions of further research are discussed. (shrink)

Luigi Caranti, Kant’s Political Legacy: Human Rights, Peace, Progress, Cardiff, University of Wales Press, 2017 Natalia Lerussi.

У статті розкрито питання творчого підходу до екологічного виховання як однієї зі змістовних характеристик соціальної роботи. Актуальність теми дослідження зумовлена потребою у соціальній роботі творити нові цінності, які є засобом самовираження людини, та створювати запити соціально-екологічної практики саме через розуміння єдності людини та природи. У цьому контексті екологічне виховання формує життєво-ціннісні орієнтації особистості, що є досить важливим аспектом соціальної роботи. Показано, що соціальна робота в Україні здійснюється в умовах екологічної, економічної, соціальної кризи, а отже, актуальність її постійно зростає, тому що (...) здійснює допомогу і підтримку людей, які потрапили у складні життєві ситуації, та спрямовує їх на самостійне розв’язання цих питань. Таким чином, екологічне виховання передбачає високий рівень знань, який сприяє формуванню екологічної свідомості, тобто усвідомленню екологічної цілісності природи. Це означає, що екологічні знання мають вагу, коли як результат виховання стають екологічними переконаннями, на що і спрямована соціальна робота. Водночас, соціальна робота має головним завданням долучити природний світ до життєво-ціннісних орієнтацій сучасної людини, оскільки він є важливим компонентом структури особистості, котрий визначає ставлення людини до навколишнього світу, її діяльність і поведінку. Потрібно навчити спеціаліста мати бажання знаходити засоби оновлення природи й показувати це в кожній конкретній дисципліні. (shrink)