У статті підкреслюється, що школа в сучасному світі орієнтується на повноцінну підготовку молодої людини до успішного життя. Це вимагає застосування принципово нової філософії освіти, яка відповідала б потребам ринково орієнтованого, конкурентного соціуму. Важливо вивчати західні моделі організації освітніх систем для використання їх досвіду в успішній трансформації української освітньої галузі. Відзначається, що філософія освіти ринково орієнтованого суспільства спрямована на інноваційні зміни у системі освіти, на оптимізацію мережі навчальних закладів, на підняття якості навчально-виховного процесу тощо. Досліджуючи досвід західних країн, Україна має вибудувати (...) власну освітню модель, яка може базуватися на принципах децентралізації, інноваційності, соціально-економічних стимулів до науково-педагогічної діяльності, демократичності у побудові відносин між суб’єктами освітнього поля. (shrink)

A short intellectual biography of Kit Fine, provided by himself.

The method of evaluation of technical and economic indicators for the development of gas condensate field tested in the branch system of enterprises of PJSC "Ukrgazvydobuvannya" is considered, which is supplemented and simplified for obtaining approximate estimates in the case of annual natural or artificial changes in the gas condensate factor and thermobaric states of the extracted fluid during the operational period of the late stage. Targeted changes in the algorithms of calculations of basic technical and economic indicators, especially for (...) partially exhausted deposits, which have become permanent in operation with compressed compressor stations and fixed pressure on the wells, are used, dry gas is used for returning to the formation or dehumidification of the hinterland. The main factors of influence on the final results of the technical and economic evaluation are determined. Improvement of the technique of an approximate estimation of technical and economic indicators of the development of the gas condensate deposit facility for the possibility of adaptation of calculations at the late stage, which usually involves the operation of the SCS, the use of PPE technologies, the drying of the faces by high-pressure gas, and artificial adjustment of the working pressures of wells. The changes in the results of technical and economical calculations are taken into account when taking into account the parameters of the DKS, PPD, thermobaric intensification for the possibility of use in production and in the educational process. (shrink)

This paper is an attempt to apply the truthmaker approach, recently developed by a number of authors, to the problem of providing an adequate formulation of the is–ought gap. I begin by setting up the problem and criticizing some other accounts of how the problem should be stated; I then introduce the basic apparatus of truth-making and show how it may be extended to include both descriptive and normative truth-makers; I next consider how the gap principle should be formulated, attempting (...) to deal as systematically as possible with the ‘harmless’ counter-examples; I also consider the relationship between the gap principle and various other doctrines concerning the separation between the normative and descriptive realms; and I conclude this part of the paper with some general remarks in favor of adopting the truth-maker approach over some of the alternative approaches. The paper concludes with a formal appendix, which gives precise expression to some of claims made in the previous informal part of the paper. (shrink)

This paper analyses the ethical performance of foreign-investment enterprises operating in China in comparison to that of the indigenous state-owned enterprises, collectives and private enterprises. It uses both the deontological approach and the utilitarian approach in conceptualization, and applies quantitative and econometric techniques to ethical evaluations of empirical evidences. It shows that according to various ethical performance indicators, foreign-investment enterprises have fared well in comparison with local firms. This paper also tries to unravel the effect of a difference in business (...) culture and competitive market forces on ethical performance by comparing the behavior of foreign-investment enterprises with that of the indigenous state-owned enterprises and collectives on the one hand, and with that of the indigenous private enterprises on the other. (shrink)

Kit Fine; XIV*—Ontological Dependence, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Volume 95, Issue 1, 1 June 1995, Pages 269–290, https://doi.org/10.1093/aristote.

Introducing a new and ambitious position in the field, Kit Fine’s _Semantic Relationism_ is a major contribution to the philosophy of language. Written by one of today’s most respected philosophers Argues for a fundamentally new approach to the study of representation in language and thought Proposes that there may be representational relationships between expressions or elements of thought that are not grounded in the intrinsic representational features of the expressions or elements themselves Forms part of the prestigious new _Blackwell/Brown Lectures (...) in Philosophy_ series, based on an ongoing series of lectures by today’s leading philosophers. (shrink)

The problem raised in the article is actualized not by the artificial attachment of the topic of ecology to the existential problems of humankind, but by the urgent need to conceptualize the dangers of a growing gap between the further development of civilization and ignoring the primary nature of its existence, the analysis of modern specific dangers of wildlife, flora and fauna, catastrophic climatic phenomena, desertification, and chemical pollution of the land. The posed problem of the conceptualization of wild nature (...) logically continues the intention of the authors to turn to the human-dimensional characteristics of the entire natural environment. At the level of socio-philosophical analysis, the meaning of a new model of relations between society and nature is revealed, and alternative concepts of nature protection to modern practices are comprehended. The importance of wildlife in its narrowed (terrestrial) space for social development on the established ideological principles of the most careful attitudes to wildlife, taking into account the reverse dangerous impact of the destructible habitat on humanity, has been proved. (shrink)

Kit Fine develops a Fregean theory of abstraction, and suggests that it may yield a new philosophical foundation for mathematics, one that can account for both our reference to various mathematical objects and our knowledge of various mathematical truths. The Limits ofion breaks new ground both technically and philosophically.

The article provides historical and philosophical reconstruction of the emergence and development of the philosophy of psychiatry. The main cases of interaction between philosophy and psychiatry in the context of the development of the history of philosophical thought from antiquity to the present are demonstrated. The key points of interaction between philosophy and psychiatry from Antiquity to the middle of the twentieth century are revealed. The phenomenon of existential-phenomenological psychiatry is described as one of the first attempts of thorough interaction (...) between psychiatry and philosophy. Its main task is defined – to describe the experience of mental illness. Which is an important and necessary task to raise awareness of the impact of mental disorders on people's lives, attempts to reduce stigma. Describing this type of experience creates a unique window into understanding a person with a mental disorder, and illustrates the common and distinctive features of the experience of people with different psychiatric nosologies. These studies provide a deeper understanding of how mental pathology impoverishes a person's relationship with themselves and their community, with the subsequent use of the findings and humanization of psychiatric practice. The prerequisites for the emergence of modern philosophy of psychiatry, in particular the cognitive revolution, the development of philosophy of science, the development of analytical and continental philosophy, in particular phenomenology, existential philosophy, hermeneutics, are determined. The main directions of research in the philosophy of psychiatry are determined. Which are aimed at clarifying the meaning of terms related to mental illness and describing the phenomenon of mental illness itself, analyzing and clarifying those definitions that are directly used in clinical practice and the basis of psychiatric knowledge, as such, to highlight the prerequisites behind certain theoretical positions of psychiatry, to describe the nature of mental illness. (shrink)

In the context of modern world religious processes, in recent years Ukraine has become a field of active attention from various non-traditional and up-to-date religious movements. According to the State Committee of Ukraine for Religious Affairs, as of January 1, 1995, there were registered 147 non-Christian communities, 52 communities of Orientalist orientation, 23 communities of the Russian Federation, etc., registered in Ukraine. And although in the confessional environment of Ukraine, the fate of such currents is negligible, but their activities can (...) not be ignored in state-church policy in solving the tasks of building a democratic society. (shrink)

The paper deals with relations between philosophy of religion, theology and phenomenology within the changeable structure of scientific knowledge. It is religion itself as religious life in its immediacy and almost physical reality rather than philosophical or theological knowledge as knowledge of religion, which becomes the subject matter of phenomenology. With this immediacy, potentialities of the scientific phenomenological approach are preserved because life does not remain indifferent to questions of the subject who cognizes and is open to reflexion, questions, doubts (...) and research. Phenomenology is regarded as via media, tsar's way, which combines potentialities of philosophy of religion and Christian theology. Philosophy of religion remains external and neutral to the processes, Christian theology being internal and involved in the latter. Phenomenology is used to make Christian theology at least partially accessible for philosophy of religion. In this way the role of phenomenology is intermediary and integrative. In propinquity to philosophy of religion and theology, phenomenology which serves both and enriches itself through both can be reasonably called 'vіa medіa'. (shrink)

In the late eighteenth century, the Ecole vétérinaire d'Alfort was renowned for its innovative veterinary education and for having one of the largest natural history and anatomy collections in France. Yet aside from a recent interest in the works of one particular anatomist, the school's history has been mostly ignored. I examine here the fame of the school in eighteenth-century travel literature, the historic connection between veterinary science and natural history, and the relationship between the school's hospital and its esteemed (...) cabinet. Using the correspondence papers of veterinary administrators, state representatives and competing scientific institutions during the French Revolution, I argue that resource constraints and the management of anatomical and natural history specimens produced new disciplinary boundaries between natural history, veterinary medicine and human medicine, while reinforcing geographic divisions between the local and the foreign in the study of non-human animals. This paper reconstructs theAncien Régimereasoning that veterinary students would benefit from a global perspective on animality, and the Revolutionary government's rejection of that premise. Under republicanism, veterinary medicine became domestic. (shrink)

The article analyzes the theological and historical preconditions of emigrant feelings among the Ukrainian Pentecostal believers. It is proved that the gospel narrative influences the way Christians of evangelical faith see their own life - as a "temporary earthly journey", determining, along with the unfavorable conditions for the confession of their own religious views in the Soviet era, the desire to emigrate to any non-socialist country. Under conditions of spiritual freedom, a transition from cosmopolitan to patriotic views is observed among (...) Pentecostal people, but it does not significantly affect the intensity of emigration due to socio-economic factors. Ukrainian immigrants-Pentecostals abroad have created their own communities and para-church structures and, while in search of their own identity, in every way the continue to support their fellow-believers in the Motherland. (shrink)

The article by M.Murushkin "God in the religious life of the person" shows that in relation to the question of the existence of God all religions are ultimately at the positions of anthropologizing. At the same time, through the state of God, a believer acquires himself. Therefore, any religious system appears not as a picture of the world, but as a picture of a person.

The problem statement is that the modernity of human existence gives rise to new myths. This human present seeks salvation and experiences a self-contained character. An analysis of recent research on the subject involves examining the link between myth, salvation, and self-sufficiency in the ancient and modern world. In view of this, the purpose of the article is to identify the connection between modern myth and the idea of salvation and self-sufficiency.

The basis of the economic power of the state is the stability of the existence of each business entity by ensuring their economic security. Today, the successful management of the enterprise for progressive development requires new forms and methods of evaluation team activities, the quality of the results of labor, production checks and social processes, which are expressed often in qualitative characteristics. The method for evaluation process to ensure the economic security of any object of economic activity by qualimetry was (...) introduced in article. Proposed method is based on expert opinion. Determined algorithm for use this method and possible for use. The proposed qualimetric model of evaluation the process to ensure the economic security for object of economic activity, allows determine and quantify shortcomings in the work of the enterprise, detect way to improve process to ensure the economic security of any object of economic activity by adequate amount of management solutions, make conclusion in dynamics of this process, to have a possibility to compare work results of different object of economic activity. The method facilitates the adoption of adequate administrative decisions, with further assessment of objectives achievements. (shrink)

The paper examines the role of public property in economic development of the country. It looks into economic scientists' views of the 'property' category. There are innovative approaches to improvement of the efficiency of public property administration outlined, specifically: 1) identification of priority branches for privatization and branches to be left in the state ownership; 2) development of individual programs for preparation of branches for privatization and implementation of the latter; adoption of a new State Program for Privatization for 2015 (...) and the ensuing years; 3) introduction of amendments into land legislation as to simplification of the privatization process of properties with plots of land; 4) transition to a management system of state companies through Boards of Directors, which are to comprise independent directors; 5) staffing executive managerial bodies of state companies with professional managers on a competitive basis; 6) clear split of government assets privatization and administration functions on the level of central executive authorities in the context of their optimization; 7) increase of authorized capitals of joint-stock companies owing to the cost of the land plots where they are accommodated, including those which have been privatized and corporatized; 8) optimizing the administration of state corporate rights and prevention of dilution of state corporate rights in authorized capitals of business entities; 9) revision of legislation and introduction of amendments in order to prevent the assignment of assets directly by state undertakings which can be individual privatization targets; 10) monitoring of effective administration of facilities owned by the state, increasing managers' responsibility for ineffective administration of state property; 11) development of a legal framework for reprivatization of property; 12) detailed regulation of public property administration processes. (shrink)

How to become a millionaire on the donations of the poor, circle the Spiritual Cathedral, pray for sins from the "tax", Free to reign on thirty-two hectares of land and remain for the parishioners a holy monk?

The philosophy of scientific research does not always correlate with the declared philosophical views of researchers. In the light of this, we look at the activities of the interwar Lwów School of Mathematics whose leaders were Stefan Banach and Hugo Steinhaus. Non-constructive methods of proof were characteristic of the school and are closely related to the philosophical problem of the existence of mathematical objects. The problem of the relationship between formalism and intuitionism, which is tangential to the school’s activities, is (...) briefly discussed. (shrink)

In this paper I shall present some of the results I have obtained on modal theories which contain quantifiers for propositions. The paper is in two parts: in the first part I consider theories whose non-quantificational part is S5; in the second part I consider theories whose non-quantificational part is weaker than or not contained in S5. Unless otherwise stated, each theory has the same language L. This consists of a countable set V of propositional variables pl, pa, ... , (...) the operators v (or), ~ (not) and □ (necessarily), the universal quantifier (p), p a propositional variable, and brackets ( and ). The formulas of L are then defined in the usual way. (shrink)

A number of philosophers have recently become receptive to the idea that, in addition to scientific or causal explanation, there may be a distinctive kind of metaphysical explanation, in which explanans and explanandum are connected, not through some sort of causal mechanism, but through some constitutive form of determination. I myself have long been sympathetic to this idea of constitutive determination or ‘ontological ground’; and it is the aim of the present paper to help put the idea on a firmer (...) footing - to explain how it is to be understood, how it relates to other ideas, and how it might be of use in philosophy. (shrink)

It is my aim in this paper to show that the contemporary assimilation of essence to modality is fundamentally misguided and that, as a consequence, the corresponding conception of metaphysics should be given up. It is not my view that the modal account fails to capture anything which might reasonably be called a concept of essence. My point, rather, is that the notion of essence which is of central importance to the metaphysics of identity is not to be understood in (...) modal terms or even to be regarded as extensionally equivalent to a modal notion. The one notion is, if I am right, a highly refined version of the other; it is like a sieve which performs a similar function but with a much finer mesh. (shrink)

I propose a new semantics for intuitionistic logic, which is a cross between the construction-oriented semantics of Brouwer-Heyting-Kolmogorov and the condition-oriented semantics of Kripke. The new semantics shows how there might be a common semantical underpinning for intuitionistic and classical logic and how intuitionistic logic might thereby be tied to a realist conception of the relationship between language and the world.

Conversation is a foundational aspect of philosophical pedagogy. Too often, however, philosophical research becomes disconnected from this dialogue, and is instead conducted as a solitary endeavor. We aim to bridge the disconnect between philosophical pedagogy and research by proposing a novel framework. Philosophy labs, we propose, can function as both a pedagogical tool and a model for conducting group research. Our review of collaborative learning literature suggests that philosophy labs, like traditional STEM labs, can harness group learning models such as (...) Positive Interdependence Theory (PIT) to engage in meaningful discussion and execute projects and research. This article distills PIT into four essential tenets which we argue support student success at both the individual and group levels. Our argument is grounded in two case studies detailing our experiences facilitating different philosophy labs, and demonstrations of how they can foster the continued evolution of philosophical research and pedagogy beyond the single-occupancy armchair. (shrink)

The author examines the epistemological project of analytic philosophy, which went through stages of transformation marked by the influence of Frege and Russell. The article emphasizes the main points of the first stage of analytic philosophy, during which the sphere of experience merged with language. The next stage defines a new subject - Wittgenstein's "language subject". According to the author, this subject of speech makes decisions about the sense or absurdity of sentences based on logical form and belongs to the (...) transcendental subject of speech in general. But in the end, the epistemological project of analytic philosophy moved to new directions in which questions about experience lost their relevance. (shrink)

The author of the article, based on the thesis about the openness of B. Pascal's philosophical system, compares the views of this philosopher with the views of the biblical Job, and also investigates the consequences of Pascal's adogmatism. According to the author, Pascal and Job are united by a common understanding of God as a problem within which search occurs through pain, and faith through doubt. They are also united by an adogmatic attitude towards church authorities, established opinions and traditions. (...) After all, the support for Pascal was not dogmatics itself, but the living tension of spiritual forces, exhausting confession. In Pascal's philosophy, the paradoxical logic of the heart is revealed, which opens up the possibility of understanding spiritual laws. The author comes to the conclusion that Pascal's adogmatism changes the very method of theology, since the openness of the philosophical system made it possible to create a field for new interpretations of biblical truths. (shrink)

This article addresses a still unsolved puzzle in private law regarding the proper explanation of cases in which courts make substantial awards of damages to claimants whose rights have been infringed, but who appear to have suffered no factual loss in consequence of the infringement. The paradigm examples tend to involve awards of ‘user’, license fee or ‘hypothetical bargain’ damages in cases involving interference with property rights. It suggests that existing explanations of such cases are all unsatisfactory in one or (...) another respect and posits a new and potentially more powerful explanatory thesis, drawing on Hohfeld. Such awards, it argues, compensate right-holders for the loss of legal powers associated with their primary claim-rights—in particular, the loss of powers they are accorded by the law to ‘prevent’ the infringement of certain types of primary claim right ex ante. Legal powers are thus to be regarded as assets or amenities, the loss of which is amenable to monetary compensation. (shrink)

This paper distinguishes two kinds of realist issue -- the issue of whether the propositions of a given domain are factual and the issue of whether they are fundamental. It criticizes previous accounts of what these issues come to and suggests that they are to be understood in terms of a basic metaphysical concept of reality. This leaves open the question of how such issues are to be resolved; and it is argued that this may be done through consideration of (...) what grounds the facts of a given domain, when fundamentality is in question, and what grounds our engagement with the putative facts, when factuality is in question. (shrink)

Scientometrics, as a rule, is considered in details – the more accurate and ex­pressive the detailing, the more effective is the accounting of scientific research: the measurement of quantitative parameters of the results of scientific activity is aimed at improving the quality of scientific communication and, ultimately, the progress of science. This led to the transition from usual bibliometrics to sciento­metrics, and later to other more sophisticated forms of accounting for scientific activity, which can be divided into infometrics and altmetrics. (...) Infometrics and its modifications take into account everything that could be formalized, while altmetrics seeks to include qualitative parameters in the realm of quantitative measurements. In this article, attention is focused precisely on the analysis of the relationship between quantitative methods and quantitative indicators of scien­tific activity with the progress of science thanks to a comparative assessment of bibliometrics, scientific metrics and infometrics from philosophical positions. A way out of the problematic situations in which attempts to provide a quantita­tive description of the quality of scientific activity inevitably fall, should be sought beyond the quantitative methods themselves – in the identification of their ulti­mate goal. Such a goal is the development of humanity through the progress of science. The UN program “Transforming Our World: Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development” offers a systematic vision of ways to accomplish this task, which, in particular, sets the goal of achieving equal development opportunities for every person. Bibliometrics, scientometrics and infometrics contribute to overcoming many types of social inequality – provided that people are actively involved in sci­entific activity: personal scientific achievements level out property, gender, reli­gious, ethnic and many other types of social inequality and give every participant of scientific research access to a public career and personal development. The development of each person on a rational basis is the ultimate goal of science, which is the basis of the philosophy of the strategy of global sustainable develop­ment of Mankind. (shrink)

I present a puzzle concerning counterfactual reasoning and argue that it should be solved by giving up the principle of substitution for logical equivalents.

It is noteworthy that today, both in Europe and throughout the geolithic space, problems related to religion, in particular in their confessional expression, have come to the fore again. They are actualized not only in the context of the globalization processes and their consequences that the world is experiencing, but also of the serious challenges that the international community faces and which are to some extent generated by a religious factor, in particular its Islamic variety.

Political ideological pluralism, religious diversity are characteristic features of modern Ukrainian society. On the one hand, multiculturalism, socio-political, religious differentiation of the latter appear as important characteristics of its democracy, as a practical expression of freedom, on the other - as a factor that led to the deconsocialization of society, gave rise to "nodal points" of tension, confrontational processes, in particular, in political and religious spheres.

The philosophical usage of the terms "value as worth" ("vartosti") and "value as costs" ("tsinnosti") in the Ukrainian language has been studied. It is proved that it needs its fundamental and conceptual philosophical clarification. It was revealed, in particular, that the use of the term "value as costs" ("tsinnosti") is unjustifiably and inappropriately widespread in the Ukrainian everyday and scientific language, while the Ukrainian language also has the term "value as worth" ("vartosti") and its derivatives, which denote the sphere of (...) significance, that is basic to any possible values. It is concluded that the Ukrainian language as a language of philosophy has its own potential, which in relation to the category of "worth" and its subordinate concept of "value as worth" turns out to be richer than the potential of older and most recognized languages of philosophy. It is about distinguishing three types of values: unconditional, conditional and negative values. Conditional values as worth in certain research situations can be called values as costs, at the same time it has been proven that unconditional and negative values cannot be values as costs, therefore it is necessary to rethink the use of the terms "value as worth" ("vartosti’) and "value as costs" ("tsinnosti’) not only in the field of philosophy common to all knowledge, but also in special areas of individual humanitarian, social and other sciences. In each such area, such a rethinking can lead to different contextual terminological solutions, but it is proposed to consistently adhere to the general principle of distinguishing between the terms "value as worth" ("vartosti") and "value as costs" ("tsinnosti"). (shrink)

Recalling the discussions with the religious scholar and friend Natalia Gavrilova, I decided to collect under one title three short and completely different texts - different in genre, time and purpose of writing. It seems to me that Natalia lived and thought precisely in connection with education-religiosity-sense. At least, the experience of our communication testifies to this version. We have repeatedly talked about the triple crisis - education, traditional religiosity and ultimate meanings. In memory of those conversations, I want to (...) say again about this crisis triad, and at the same time to offer possible Christian answers. (shrink)

What happens once the rogue rides off into the sunset? This cross-genre essay considers the figure of the rogue’s decline and gradual dismemberment in the face of the pressures of the world. Beginning with the “rogue” digits and other body parts lost by the men who surrounded him in his youth—especially his grandfather—Dobson considers the costs of labour and poverty in rural environments. For him, the rogue is one who falls somehow outside of cultural, social, and political norms—the one who (...) has decided to step outside of the establishment, outside of the corrupt élites and their highfalutin ways. To do so comes at a cost. Turning to the life of writer George Ryga and to the poetry and fiction of Patrick Lane, this essay examines the real, physical, material, and social costs of transgression across multiple works linked to rural environments in Alberta and British Columbia. The essay shows the ways in which very real forms of violence discipline the rogue, pushing the rogue back into submission or out of mind, back into the shadowy past from whence the rogue first came. Resisting nostalgia while evincing sympathy, this essay delves into what is at stake for one who would become a rogue. (shrink)

У статті запропоновано новий аналітико-алгоритмічний підхід до оцінки техніко-економічних показників варіанту розробки нафтогазового родовища з урахуванням ефекту отримання економічних зисків за рахунок впливу технологічних інновацій інтенсифікації видобування вуглеводнів та супутньої продукції. При цьому під технологічними інноваціями розуміють змішаний комплекс нових засобів праці, техніки, технологічних вузлів, нових режимних та сировинних карт, логістики, інших загальних позитивних технологічних змін. Наголошується потреба зміни алгоритмів при техніко-економічних розрахунках варіантів розробки нафтогазових родовищ для врахування продажу результатів супутньої видобуванню вуглеводнів генерації та зберігання енергоносіїв, забору цінних порід (...) або мінералів, води. Рекомендується розроблена аналітика та алгоритмічна схема для наближеної оцінки дисконтованого приведеного вільного грошового потоку на кожному розрахунковому кроці при обраній тривалості звітного хронологічного періоду, обраному комплексі фактажу параметричних змін від інновацій, урахуванні прямого прогнозування та залежності вихідних даних одне від іншого. Наукова новизна роботи полягає в одночасному врахуванні динаміки локального та загального економічного ефекту, що створює адаптаційний вплив остаточного економічного результату від попередніх прогнозів і результатів за періоди, зокрема, у контрольно-розрахункових точках. (shrink)