The fast–slow paradigm of life history focuses on how individuals grow, mate, and reproduce at different paces. This paradigm can contribute substantially to the field of personality and individual differences provided that it is more strictly based on evolutionary biology than it has been so far. Our study tested the existence of a fast–slow continuum underlying indicators of reproductive effort—offspring output, age at first reproduction, number and stability of sexual partners—in 1,043 outpatients with healthy to severely disordered personalities. Two axes (...) emerged reflecting a double-track pathway to fast strategy, based on restricted and unrestricted sociosexual strategies. When rotated, the fast–slow and sociosexuality axes turned out to be independent. Contrary to expectations, neither somatic effort—investment in status, material resources, social capital, and maintenance/survival—was aligned with reproductive effort, nor a clear tradeoff between current and future reproduction was evident. Finally, we examined the association of LH axes with seven high-order personality pathology traits: negative emotionality, impulsivity, antagonism, persistence-compulsivity, subordination, and psychoticism. Persistent and disinhibited subjects appeared as fast-restricted and fast-unrestricted strategists, respectively, whereas asocial subjects were slow strategists. Associations of LH traits with each other and with personality are far more complex than usually assumed in evolutionary psychology. (shrink)

Instituciones como el Consejo de Europa o el Instituto Cervantes y expertos como Byram o Deardorff han desarrollado modelos y bases educativas que dan luz a los docentes para ejecutar programas para el desarrollo de una ciudadanía pluricultural, que se comunica y está inmersa en la diversidad.Este estudio analiza si dichos modelos permiten establecer unos descriptores que definan la competencia intercultural desde una perspectiva procedimental. De esta manera, se pretende establecer un análisis de las bases teóricas y prácticas de la (...) competencia intercultural, tanto en el nivel del marco teórico como en el nivel de actuación del alumnado. (shrink)

In this article, we draw on established views of CSR dysfunctionalities to show how and why CSR is regularly observed to be both shaped by and supportive of capitalism. We proceed to show that these dysfunctionalities are maintained by both the pro- and anticapitalist approaches to CSR, both of which imply an ill-defined separation of the economy and society as well an overly strong problem or solution focus on political and economic issues. Finally, we present a post-capitalist approach to CSR (...) that overcomes (1) the ill-defined separation of the economy and society, (2) the capitalist bias towards economic rationalities, and (3) the overidentification of society with its political system; this approach thus helps to manage the abovementioned CSR dysfunctionalities. (shrink)

Background: Pain has been associated with structural changes of the brain. However, evidence regarding white matter changes in response to acute pain protocols is still scarce. In the present study, we assess the existence of differences in brain white matter related to pain intensity reported by patients undergoing surgical removal of a mandibular impacted third molar using diffusion tensor imaging analysis.Methods: 30 participants reported their subjective pain using a visual analog scale at three postsurgical stages: under anesthesia, in pain, and (...) after the administration of an analgesic. The diffusion data were acquired prior to surgery.Results: DTI analysis yielded significant positive associations of fractional anisotropy in white matter areas related to pain processing with the differences in pain between the three postsurgery stages. Extent and location of these associations depended on the magnitude of the subjective pain differences. Tractography analysis indicated that some pain–tract associations are significant only when pain stage is involved in the contrast, while others are only when anesthesia is involved in the contrast.Conclusions: The association of white matter fractional anisotropy and connectivity, measured before the pain stages, with subjective pain depends on the magnitude of the differences in pain scores. (shrink)

In this article, we analyze the relationship between the main dimensions of organizational structure (i.e., formalization, centralization, and complexity) and ecological responsiveness in a sample of 109 firms in the European air passenger transport industry. Broadly confirming our hypotheses, the results show that high formalization of routine tasks favors ecological responsiveness. Structures characterized by high decentralization and low complexity also favor ecological responsiveness. Furthermore, decentralization has a significant, positive relationship with ecological responsiveness among firms with low vertical complexity. Overall, the (...) results indicate that organizational structure plays a major role in ecological responsiveness. (shrink)

Cognitive symptoms after COVID-19 have been increasingly recognized several months after the acute infection and have been designated as “brain fog.” We report a patient with cognitive symptoms that started immediately after COVID-19, in which cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers were highly suggestive of Alzheimer’s disease. Our case highlights the need to examine patients with cognitive symptoms following COVID-19 comprehensively. A detailed assessment combining clinical, cognitive, and biomarker studies may help disentangle the underlying mechanisms associated with cognitive dysfunction in each case. The (...) investigation of neurodegenerative processes in an early stage, especially in older patients, is probably warranted. (shrink)

En Chile, la sociología de la religión protestante siempre habla de protestantismo y pentecostalismo; aún no se ha escrito sobre el fenómeno neopentecostal, como en los países vecinos: Perú, Bolivia, Brasil, Argentina, etc. El neopentecostalismo ha significado una redefinición del discurso religioso, en sus contenidos, ritos y medios difusivos; concordando con los fenómenos políticos, sociales, económicos y culturales que ha vivido nuestro país, a partir de la última década del siglo XX. Entre los cambios más visibles encontramos el énfasis de (...) una teodicea de la felicidad y la incorporación tecnológica. Esto ha significado transformar los espacios cúlticos en “cultos electrónicos” o “cibercultos” con un enfoque teatralizante y escenas dramatúrgicas. Transformándose en una religiosidad de la técnica y la imagen e insertando los contenidos y la oferta religiosa en la industria cultural, mercantilizando la música sagrada en un amplio mercado interno. Impactando fuertemente en los espacios religiosos, en la concepción del cuerpo, la movilidad social y las emociones. (shrink)

En el campo de los estudios sociales del arte, numerosas investigaciones indagan la sexualidad y el erotismo de distintas danzas en Argentina (por ejemplo, tango, música electrónica, cuarteto, etc.). Sin embargo, identificamos un área de vacancia respecto de la danza contemporánea. De este modo, en el siguiente trabajo reponemos los sentidos nativos de los erotismos en el mundo de la danza contemporánea independiente en el Valle de Paravachasca (Córdoba, Argentina), a partir de una investigación etnográfica colaborativa. Realizamos un trabajo (...) de participación observante entre 2018 y 2022 desde un enfoque corpóreo. Asimismo, para el presente estudio entrevistamos a ocho bailarinas que performan diferentes identidades de género (cis, bisexual y trans). Empleamos un proceso de construcción de datos reflexivo y colaborativo de co-interpretación y co-teorización, con el aporte de la teoría fundamentada. Identificamos un erotismo ampliado que se caracteriza por la pluralidad, el placer y la no reducción a lo sexual. Distinguimos analiticamente tres tipos de erotismos (sexuales, sensuales y estéticos) que toman cuerpo de forma singular y dinámica en cada bailarina. Los erotismos se organizan bajo un régimen de ocultamiento y de discreción, en función del ethos y la micropolítica de este mundo del arte, que configura una cultura afectiva, donde una de las líneas de composición es una ética del cuidado relacionada a una ética feminista. Este análisis aporta al estudio del erotismo en la danza contemporánea, específicamente desde el interior provinciano. (shrink)

The article is focused in texts of three authors of "the generation of 98": Azorín, Unamuno and Valle-Inclán. In them we found ways and forms to experience time: the present time, novelty, hurry against cyclic time, "intrahistory" and tradition, permanence, private time and common time, the transcendence of the time..

Based on a framework that integrates job demands-resources theory, social cognitive theory Handbook of personality, Guilford Press, New York, pp 154–196, 1999) and regulatory focus theory, the purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between perceptions of organizational politics and subsequent moral disengagement and unethical behavior. We conducted a laboratory study and also collected data in two separate surveys 6 weeks apart from 206 individuals working full time to investigate the relationships presented in our model. In both studies, (...) we examined the direct relationship of politics perceptions on unethical behavior in organizations as well as the indirect relationship through the influence of moral disengagement. We investigated the moderating effect of regulatory focus on the relationship between moral disengagement and unethical behavior using the survey data. Results indicated that perceptions of politics were significantly related to our mediator, moral disengagement, which was significantly related to our dependent variable, unethical behavior. However, only prevention-focus moderated the relationships examined. Implications for future research and managerial practice are discussed. (shrink)

Amidst the recent threat of COVID-19, home gardens have surged in popularity as seed companies and nurseries find it challenging to keep their supplies fully stocked. The victory garden movement that emerged during WWII has today re-emerged as COVID victory gardens. Yet, the global changes and cognitive shifts associated with COVID-19 have differential impacts. The narrative of COVID victory gardens depoliticizes urban agriculture. It is blind to its long history in marginalized, oppressed, and displaced communities where home gardens have always (...) been part of a struggle for identity, autonomy, and self- and communal-determination. I argue the blindness embedded in the narrative of COVID victory gardens violates our “food-related obligations,” which are our responsibilities to ourselves, our food, and each other. Silencing how communities of color have historically grown food in pursuit of dignity disregards how home gardens in communities of color are not merely a reactionary response to crisis but part of a historical legacy whereby people of color have grown food for generations to create and recreate sustainable ways of living that validate their cultures, knowledges, and ways of being. (shrink)

En este escrito nos proponemos mostrar la relación estrecha entre la problemática técnica y la vivencia histórica del dolor, propia de la era digital, en la que el sufrimiento es un sentimiento que se intenta negar o disfrazar. Desde nuestra perspectiva comprendemos el dolor como una experiencia fundamental que es importante asumir y vivir de forma cabal pues nos abre de manera originaria al mundo que nos rodea y a nosotros mismos. Para llevar a cabo esta tarea tomaremos en cuenta (...) la interpretación de Nietzsche y Jünger, quienes sostienen que el dolor tiene un carácter interpretativo epocal, esto nos lleva a reconocer la figura propia del dolor en la era de la técnica, donde se pretende ocultar esta experiencia con una apariencia de seguridad y confort que nos brindan la técnica, lo que se agudiza en la era digital con la autoexplotación y optimización de la existencia que denuncia Byung Chul Han. (shrink)

Mentalization is a useful ability for social functioning and a crucial aspect of mentalizing is emotion regulation. Literature suggests programmes for children and adults to increase mentalizing abilities useful both for emotional and social competences. For this reason, the issue of how to prompt children’s mentalization has started to attract researchers’ attention, supporting the importance of the interpersonal dimension for the individual differences in the developmental of mentalization. The TiM (Thoughts in Mind) Project, a training programme based on the explanation (...) of mentalization mechanisms and designed for adults, deals with emotion regulation. Starting from the TiM Project, this study tests the effects of the TiM Child (TiM-C) training programme, over a control training programme, a conversational training designed for the school context, in children attending Year 2 of primary school. We designed a training based on narratives, followed by multiple-choice questions and conversations about mental states. Our results revealed significant improvements over the training period only in the TiM-C Project group for Metacognition, Emotion Regulation Strategies and a Theory of Mind task. As far as the educational implications, our findings suggest that it is possible to enhance mentalization through activities at school by promoting not only the understanding of the relations between mind and emotion, but also metacognitive skills. (shrink)

Introduction: The use of human samples in genomic research has increased ethical debate about informed consent (IC) requirements and the information that subjects should receive regarding the results of the research. However, there are no quantitative data regarding researchers’ attitudes about these issues. Methods: We present the results of a survey of 104 US and 100 Spanish researchers who had published genomic epidemiology studies in 61 journals during 2006. Results: Researchers preferred a broader IC than the IC they had actually (...) obtained in their published papers. US authors were more likely than their Spanish colleagues to support obtaining a broad IC, covering either any future research project or any projects related to a group of diseases (67.6% vs 43%; adjusted OR = 4.84, 95% CI, 2.32 to 10.12). A slight majority of researchers (55.8%) supported informing participants about individual genomic results only if the reliability and clinical validity of the information had been established. Men were more likely than women to believe that patients should be informed of research results even if these conditions were not met (adjusted OR = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.46 to 5.72). Conclusions: This study provides evidence of a wide range of views among scientists regarding some controversial ethical issues related to genomic research, suggesting the need for more study, debate and education. In the interim, journals might consider including the investigators’ policies regarding these ethical issues in the papers they publish in the field of genomic epidemiology. (shrink)

Con ocasión de la refutación de una interpretación reciente del pensamiento de Anthony Collins, fundada en presupuestos metodológicos erráticos y tributarios, en definitiva, de la concepción propia de los apologistas en tiempos de las Luces, este trabajo denuncia los abusos en la historiografía de los tiempos modernos de una mal llamada lectura entre líneas, que implica no el examen detenido del texto en su complejidad, sino el menosprecio de la letra, y propone criterios que faciliten un tratamiento en clave propiamente (...) histórica de categorías como deísmo, panteísmo y ateísmo, lejos de la pretensión de una determinada filosofía de trabajar sobre «conceptos rigurosos y perfectamente definidos», portadores de esencias. (shrink)

Este texto tem por objetivo abordar a educação de meninas, órfãs ou em situação de vulnerabilidade, que era efetivada no Asylo Coração de Maria, na cidade do Rio Grande/RS. Entre os elementos discutidos, estão a fundação da instituição e a sua rotina escolar. Como suporte teórico-metodológico evoca-se a História Cultural, visando a análise documental de jornais, livros de matrícula, regimentos e relatórios. Conclui-se que existiam tensões entre as normas e as práticas institucionais, bem como que o incentivo do ensino profissionalizante (...) visava proporcionar opções de vida às meninas para além do casamento e do cuidado do lar. (shrink)

El artículo tiene como eje central la presentación del sentido original con el cual nace la Estética, como disciplina filosófica, de la mano de Alexander Baumgarten. Está dividido en tres partes: la primera con la finalidad de contextualizar históricamente el nacimiento de la Estética y su idea base es que la Ilustración es un movimiento de raíz europea con un cariz preeminentemente antropológico. La segunda parte se concentra en presentar y explicar los conceptos centrales de la Estética de Baumgarten, a (...) saber: que ella es una reflexión acerca de lo particular en tanto particular. La tercera parte vincula la reflexión estética con la dimensión humana. La idea base de esta tercera parte, aquella que le da sentido a todo el artículo, es que la Estética de Baumgarten se dirige hacia la construcción de un ser humano completo, aquella persona que sabe integrar su razón y su sensibilidad, y encuentra en ello una feliz armonía. Tal ser humano será llamado el felix aestheticus. (shrink)