Results for 'Martin Gierl'

948 found
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  1.  22
    The Alphabet of Nature and the Alphabet of Culture in the Eighteenth Century. Botany, Diplomatics, and Ethno-Linguistics according to Carl von Linné, Johann Christoph Gatterer, and Christian Wilhelm Büttner: Botany, Diplomatics, and Ethno-Linguistics according to Carl von Linné, Johann Christoph Gatterer, and Christian Wilhelm Büttner.Martin Gierl - 2010 - NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin 18 (1):1-27.
    In the middle of the eighteenth century, Carl von Linné, Johann Christoph Gatterer, and Christian Wilhelm Büttner attempted to realize the old idea of deciphering the alphabet of the world, which Francis Bacon had raised as a general postulate of science. This article describes these attempts and their interrelations. Linné used the model of the alphabet to classify plants according to the characters of this fruiting body. Gatterer, one of the leading German historians during the Enlightenment, adopted the botanical method (...)
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  2.  27
    Martin Gierl, Geschichte als präzisierte Wissenschaft. Johann Christoph Gatterer und die Historiographie des 18. Jahrhunderts im ganzen Umfang, (Fundamenta Historica; 4). [REVIEW]Borbála Zsuzsanna Török - 2014 - Berichte Zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte 37 (1):86-88.
    Stuttgart‐Bad Cannstatt: frommann‐holzboog 2012. VIII, 458 S., 63 Abb., geb., € 148,00. ISBN 978‐3‐7728‐2568‐2.
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  3. Function and functionalism: A synthetic perspective.Martin Mahner & Mario Bunge - 2001 - Philosophy of Science 68 (1):75-94.
    In this paper we examine the following problems: How many concepts of function are there in biology, social science, and technology? Are they logically related and if so, how? Which of these function concepts effect a functional explanation as opposed to a mere functional account? What are the consequences of a pluralist view of functions for functionalism? We submit that there are five concepts of function in biology, which are logically related in a particular way, and six function concepts in (...)
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  4. (1 other version)Toward a solution to the liar paradox.Robert L. Martin - 1967 - Philosophical Review 76 (3):279-311.
  5.  83
    The separation of technology and ethics in business ethics.Kirsten E. Martin & R. Edward Freeman - 2004 - Journal of Business Ethics 53 (4):353-364.
    The purpose of this paper is to draw out and make explicit the assumptions made in the treatment of technology within business ethics. Drawing on the work of Freeman (1994, 2000) on the assumed separation between business and ethics, we propose a similar separation exists in the current analysis of technology and ethics. After first identifying and describing the separation thesis assumed in the analysis of technology, we will explore how this assumption manifests itself in the current literature. A different (...)
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  6. Referential variance and scientific objectivity.Michael Martin - 1971 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 22 (1):17-26.
  7. Between Man and Man.Martin Buber & Ronald Gregor Smith - 1948 - Philosophy 23 (85):177-178.
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  8.  23
    Meaning, Quantification, Necessity: Themes in Philosophical Logic.Martin Davies - 1981 - Mind 92 (368):615-618.
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  9. Externalism and armchair knowledge.Martin Davies - 2000 - In Paul Artin Boghossian & Christopher Peacocke (eds.), New Essays on the A Priori. Oxford, GB: Oxford University Press. pp. 384--414.
    [I]f you could know a priori that you are in a given mental state, and your being in that state conceptually or logically implies the existence of external objects, then you could know a priori that the external world exists. Since you obviously _can.
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  10.  12
    The Awakening of the Greek Historical Spirit.Martin Ostwald & Chester G. Starr - 1970 - American Journal of Philology 91 (3):357.
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  11. What is right with the miracle argument: Establishing a taxonomy of natural kinds.Martin Carrier - 1993 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 24 (3):391-409.
  12.  49
    Toward a Unified Sub-symbolic Computational Theory of Cognition.Martin V. Butz - 2016 - Frontiers in Psychology 7:171252.
    This paper proposes how various disciplinary theories of cognition may be combined into a unifying, sub-symbolic, computational theory of cognition. The following theories are considered for integration: psychological theories, including the theory of event coding, event segmentation theory, the theory of anticipatory behavioral control, and concept development; artificial intelligence and machine learning theories, including reinforcement learning and generative artificial neural networks; and theories from theoretical and computational neuroscience, including predictive coding and free energy-based inference. In the light of such a (...)
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  13. Christian Humanism in Economics and Business.Martin Schlag & Domènec Melé - 2015 - In Martin Schlag & Domènec Melé (eds.), Humanism in Economics and Business: Perspectives of the Catholic Social Tradition. Dordrecht: Springer Verlag.
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  14. The Mixed Solution to the Number Problem.Martin Peterson - 2009 - Journal of Moral Philosophy 6 (2):166-177.
    You must either save a group of m people or a group of n people. If there are no morally relevant diff erences among the people, which group should you save? is problem is known as the number problem. e recent discussion has focussed on three proposals: (i) Save the greatest number of people, (ii) Toss a fair coin, or (iii) Set up a weighted lottery, in which the probability of saving m people is m / m + n , (...)
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  15.  71
    Grotius and Hobbes.Martin Harvey - 2006 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy 14 (1):27 – 50.
  16. Externalism and a priori knowledge.Martin Davies - 2000 - In Paul Artin Boghossian & Christopher Peacocke (eds.), New Essays on the A Priori. Oxford, GB: Oxford University Press. pp. 384--432.
     
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  17. A Kantian view of suicide and end-of-life treatment.Martin Gunderson - 2004 - Journal of Social Philosophy 35 (2):277–287.
  18. Armstrong on determinable and substantival universals.Martin Tweedale - 1984 - In Radu J. Bogdan (ed.), D. M. Armstrong. Dordrecht: Reidel. pp. 171-89.
     
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  19.  79
    Minimal truth and interpretability.Martin Fischer - 2009 - Review of Symbolic Logic 2 (4):799-815.
    In this paper we will investigate different axiomatic theories of truth that are minimal in some sense. One criterion for minimality will be conservativity over Peano Arithmetic. We will then give a more fine-grained characterization by investigating some interpretability relations. We will show that disquotational theories of truth, as well as compositional theories of truth with restricted induction are relatively interpretable in Peano Arithmetic. Furthermore, we will give an example of a theory of truth that is a conservative extension of (...)
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  20.  13
    Rituals of personal experience in television news interviews.Martin Montgomery - 2010 - Discourse and Communication 4 (2):185-211.
    Interviewing as part of broadcast news includes a wide range of practices that go beyond calling public figures to account in ways that have received so much attention and analysis in the research literature. This article examines a major strand of news interviewing which it identifies as ‘experiential’ and argues, on the basis of close discourse analysis of interviews drawn from coverage of the 2008 Beijing Olympics and the 2005 London bombings, that the focus on personal experience and emotion in (...)
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  21.  79
    Kwasi Wiredu’s consensual democracy: Prospects for practice in Africa.Martin Odei Ajei - 2016 - European Journal of Political Theory 15 (4):445-466.
    A political challenge facing constitutional democracies in Africa is the lack of adequate representation and participation of citizens in democratic processes and institutions. This challenge is manifest in the vesting of power solely in, and the exercise of this power by, a sectional group – the majority party – to the exclusion of others; as evinced in the liberal democratic systems extensively practised on the continent. Wiredu proposes as a solution to these challenges the adoption of consensual democracy; an indigenous, (...)
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  22.  32
    The theory of bounded rationality and the problem of legitimation.James E. Martin, George B. Kleindorfer & William R. Brashers - 1987 - Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 17 (1):63–82.
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  23.  35
    Maintenance Versus Transmission Deficits: The Effect of Delay on Naming Performance in Aphasia.Nadine Martin & Gary S. Dell - 2019 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 13.
  24.  25
    Fake Research and Harmful Findings: Introduction to the Special Issue.Martin Carrier - 2023 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 36 (3):167-171.
    The traditional mutual support of scientific progress and social advancement has given way to public reservation. Research is no longer considered worthwhile in general. Parts of the public have come to fear both scientific error and scientific success. This raises the question of how to deal with findings that could have a detrimental impact on society. In a different vein, fake research poses a serious challenge to science in that it could undermine the credibility of scientific accounts. Fake research actively (...)
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  25. Information in natural language.Martin Stokhof & Hans Kamp - 2008 - In Adriaans Pieter & Van Benthem Johan (eds.), Handbook of the Philosophy of Science, Volume 8. Philosophy of Information. Elsevier-North Holland. pp. 49-112.
    Natural languages are vehicles of information, arguably the most important, certainly the most ubiquitous that humans possess. Our everyday interactions with the world, with each other and with ourselves depend on them. And even where in the specialised contexts of science we use dedicated formalisms to convey information, their use is embedded in natural language.1..
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  26.  31
    Max Weber: From Modernity to Globality – a Personal Memoir.Martin Albrow - 2020 - Theory, Culture and Society 37 (7-8):315-327.
    Lighting upon Weber as a history student in the late 1950s led to all round engagement with his work to the present day, beginning with rationality and bureaucracy, passing through appreciation of his synoptic vision of modernity, and arguing for the continuing relevance of his rationalization thesis. This emphasis on Weber’s contribution to understanding the course of modernity led in the 1990s to pointing out that his approach to epochal shift provides the basis for understanding the global age. The ever-developing (...)
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  27.  7
    Doing Physics: How Physicists Take Hold of the World.Martin H. Krieger - 1992 - Indiana University Press.
    This book is a cultural phenomenology of doing physics. It describes the ways physicists actually do their work--their motives, and their ways of making sense of the world--so that outsiders can understand it. Martin H. Krieger explains that physicists employ a small number of everyday notions to get at the world experimentally and conceptually.
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  28.  44
    Knowledge, politics, and commerce: Science under the pressure of practice.Martin Carrier - 2011 - In M. Carrier & A. Nordmann (eds.), Science in the Context of Application. Springer. pp. 11--30.
  29.  27
    A lightweight epistemic logic and its application to planning.Martin C. Cooper, Andreas Herzig, Faustine Maffre, Frédéric Maris, Elise Perrotin & Pierre Régnier - 2021 - Artificial Intelligence 298 (C):103437.
  30. (1 other version)Abailard on Universals.Martin M. Tweedale - 1977 - Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 39 (4):708-709.
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  31. Formalism.Martin Stone - 2002 - In Jules Coleman & Scott J. Shapiro (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Jurisprudence and Philosophy of Law. New York: Oxford University Press UK.
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  32.  19
    5 Bertrand Russell's Logicism.Martin Godwyn & Andrew D. Irvine - 2003 - In Nicholas Griffin (ed.), The Cambridge companion to Bertrand Russell. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 171.
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  33. In defense of psychological laws.Martin Carrier - 1998 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 12 (3):217-232.
    It is argued that psychological explanations involve psychological generalizations that exhibit the same features as laws of physics. On the basis of the “systematic theory of lawhood”, characteristic features of laws of nature are elaborated. Investigating some examples of explanations taken from cognitive psychology shows that these features can also be identified in psychological generalizations. Particular attention is devoted to the notion of “ccteris‐paribus laws”. It is argued that laws of psychology are indeed ceteris‐paribus laws. However, this feature does not (...)
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  34. The History of Israels.Martin Noth - 1958
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  35.  14
    We, Them, and It: Dictator Game Offers Depend on Hierarchical Social Status, Artificial Intelligence, and Social Dominance.Martin Weiß, Johannes Rodrigues, Marko Paelecke & Johannes Hewig - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
    We investigated the influence of social status on behavior in a modified dictator game. Since the DG contains an inherent dominance gradient, we examined the relationship between dictator decisions and recipient status, which was operationalized by three social identities and an artificial intelligence. Additionally, we examined the predictive value of social dominance orientation on the behavior of dictators toward the different social and non-social hierarchical recipients. A multilevel model analysis showed that recipients with the same status as the dictator benefited (...)
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  36.  53
    Geometric Facts and Geometric Theory: Helmholtz and 20th-century Philosophy of Physical Geometry1.Martin Carrier - 1994 - In Lorenz Krüger (ed.), Universalgenie Helmholtz. Rückblick nach 100 Jahren. Akademie Verlag. pp. 276-292.
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  37.  5
    In the margins of deconstruction: Jewish conceptions of ethics in Emmanuel Levinas and Jacques Derrida.Martin C. Srajek - 1998 - Pittsburgh, Penn..: Duquesne University Press.
    This work is an exceptionally rich account both of the connections and divergences between Levinas and Derrida as ethical thinkers. Against the backdrop of nineteenth and twentieth century philosophy and phenomenology, Srajek draws on Hermann Cohen's ethics of correlation so as to demonstrate how far it is possible to read Levinas and Derrida as constructing similar approaches to ethics.
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  38.  85
    Supervaluationism, validity and necessarily borderline sentences.Martin Montminy - 2008 - Analysis 68 (1):61–67.
  39. Zu Ernst Jünger.Martin Heidegger & Peter Trawny - 2005 - Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 67 (3):589-592.
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  40.  24
    Rippers, Portal Users, and Profilers: Three Web‐based Issues for Business Ethicists.Martin Calkins - 2002 - Business and Society Review 107 (1):61-75.
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  41.  13
    Die Philosophie Karl Leonhard Reinholds.Martin Bondeli & Wolfgang H. Schrader (eds.) - 2003 - Rodopi.
    Die Philosophie Karl Leonhard Reinholds (1757-1823) findet heute vermehrt Beachtung. Während dieser Denker lange Zeit als Popularisator Kants, als Vorläufer Fichtes oder als tatsachenphilosophischer Antipode Schellings und Hegels wahrgenommen wurde und gemeinhin im Ruf eines unsteten und unselbständigen Geistes stand, ist seit einigen Jahrzehnten eine Gegentendenz feststellbar: Reinholds Denkentfaltung wird zunehmend in ihrem gesamten Umfang sowie als eigenwilliger und innovativer Ansatz innerhalb der postkantischen Systemphilosophie zur Kenntnis genommen. Mehr und mehr wird anerkannt, dass Reinhold entscheidende Anstöße zur Entstehung des deutschen (...)
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  42. Delusion and motivationally biased belief: Self-deception in the two-factor framework.Martin Davies - 2008 - In Tim Bayne & Jordi Fernández (eds.), Delusion and Self-Deception: Affective and Motivational Influences on Belief Formation (Macquarie Monographs in Cognitive Science). Psychology Press. pp. 71–86.
  43.  53
    On the Frege-church theory of meaning.R. M. Martin - 1963 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 23 (4):605-609.
    The issue on which I intend to focus is whether there is anything else, anything more than ontological economy, which, in Russell's mature account of the constituents of propositions, is gained by his rejection of denoting concepts. I will argue that in order to answer this question, it is necessary to appreciate that by the time of "On Denoting," Russell was not merely advancing a claim of philosophical logic or a theory of the logical form of the descriptive phrases of (...)
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  44.  59
    Sommers on denial and negation.Robert L. Martin - 1969 - Noûs 3 (2):219-226.
  45.  83
    On the Hegelian sublime: Paul de man's judgment call.Martin Donougho - 2001 - Philosophy and Rhetoric 34 (1):1-20.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Philosophy and Rhetoric 34.1 (2001) 1-20 [Access article in PDF] On the Hegelian Sublime: Paul de Man's Judgment Call Martin Donougho In recent years, the sublime has become a focus of renewed interest in philosophy and literary theory, despite being (perhaps in part because it is) "the most confused and confusing notion of the time" (Honour 1977, 145). 1 Much of the interest has been directed at the (...)
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  46. Experts and publics in deliberative democracy.Martin Kusch - 2007 - In Tim Lewens (ed.), Risk: Philosophical Perspectives. New York: Routledge. pp. 131.
     
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  47.  21
    (De)sign responses as response diversity.Martín Ávila - 2020 - Biosemiotics 13 (1):41-62.
    This article addresses the use of the ecological notion of ‘response diversity’ (Elmqvist et al. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 1(9), 488–494, 2003) to develop a biocentric approach for natural-artificial continuums through the practice of design. The article elaborates upon examples from the project Dispersal machines, part of my postdoctoral research entitled Symbiotic tactics. Dispersal machines proposed two complementary artificial systems that were conceived to minimize the damages by a moth (Spodoptera frugiperda) on crops (corn and soy predominantly) in (...)
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  48. An application of category-theoretic semantics to the characterisation of complexity classes using higher-order function algebras.Martin Hofmann - 1997 - Bulletin of Symbolic Logic 3 (4):469-486.
    We use the category of presheaves over PTIME-functions in order to show that Cook and Urquhart's higher-order function algebra PV ω defines exactly the PTIME-functions. As a byproduct we obtain a syntax-free generalisation of PTIME-computability to higher types. By restricting to sheaves for a suitable topology we obtain a model for intuitionistic predicate logic with ∑ 1 b -induction over PV ω and use this to re-establish that the provably total functions in this system are polynomial time computable. Finally, we (...)
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  49.  17
    Grenzbeschreitungen: vom Sinn, dem gelingenden Leben und unserem Umgang mit Natur.Martin Kolmar - 2021 - Wien: Böhlau Verlag.
    Wie wollen wir leben und wie können wir unserem Leben Sinn geben angesichts der drängenden Krisen der Gegenwart? Wie können solche Fragen überhaupt beantwortet werden, wenn eine säkulare Kultur scheinbar nur Antworten auf Fragen nach dem „wie?“, nicht aber nach dem „wozu?“ erlaubt. Martin Kolmar deutet im vorliegenden Buch die gegenwärtigen und bevorstehenden Krisen, allen voran die Klimakrise, als Krise der westlichen Denk- und Wahrnehmungsweisen und versucht einen Ausweg daraus aufzuzeigen. Dazu beginnt er mit einer Analyse westlicher Vorstellungswelten aus (...)
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  50.  9
    Zu Reinholds Auffassung von Willensfreiheit in den Briefen II.Martin Bondeli - 2012 - In Violetta Stolz, Martin Bendeli & Marion Heinz (eds.), Wille, Willkür, Freiheit: Reinholds Freiheitskonzeption im Kontext der Philosophie des 18. Jahrhunders. de Gruyter. pp. 125-152.
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