Este artículo tiene un doble objetivo: describir y analizar los aprendizajes de las cuestiones socialmente vivas con medios digitales y recursos multimediales; y caracterizar las potencialidades de estos medios en las clases de Ciencias Sociales a partir de la educación remota de emergencia. Estas transformaciones trajeron mutaciones en el oficio de ser estudiante. Desde la perspectiva instrumental identificamos aprendizajes vinculados con: la administración del tiempo personal, la organización de los recursos multimediales y las nuevas demandas de aprendizaje. Por su parte, (...) desde la perspectiva social los/as estudiantes de formación docente reconocen aprendizajes referidos a estas nuevas formas de participación en los medios digitales, vinculadas con: el uso de las redes sociales para las tareas de aprendizaje, la búsqueda, selección y lectura colaborativa de fuentes y documentos y el cuidado en internet. Y desde la perspectiva psíquica, se identifica un malestar asociado a la incertidumbre vinculada con los nuevos regímenes de cursada y acreditación. Estos resultados son de gran valor para pensar la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales en la etapa post pandemia. (shrink)

This paper aims to contribute to the present debate about business ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) that the Journal of Business Ethics is hosting. Numerous contributions argued theoretical frameworks and taxonomies of CSR practices. The authors want to ground in this knowledge and provide further evidence about how companies adopt CSR practices to address stakeholders’ claims and consolidate their trust. Evidence was provided by a longitudinal case study about an Italian food company that is one of the largest producers (...) of baby food. This company reshaped its corporate strategy along three decades through the adoption of CSR practices in order to win stakeholders’ trust about food safety and supply chain behaviour. The empirical exercise was informed by a literature review of the relevant contributions in terms of CSR business practices and levels of efforts to adopt them. In light of this review, the authors adopted for the research framework the taxonomy of business practices proposed by Spiller (2000, “Ethical Business and Investment: A Model for Business and Society”, Journal of Business Ethics 27, 149-160) and the levels of commitment towards CSR proposed by Stahl and Grigsby (1997, Strategic Management; Total Quality & Global Competition (Blackwell, Oxford)). The main findings are discussed in order to argue theoretical implications and identify further areas of research and debate. (shrink)

A partir de la situación crítica de la modernidad, el autor afirma que todo ser humano perspicaz y amante de la vida se pregunta con angustia por nuestro destino colectivo. Como una respuesta a esta interrogante, el presente artículo examina diversas perspectivas evolucionarias universales de amplia escala temporal, apoyándose particularmente en el enfoque de la Fe Bahá’í, desde la que presenta un análisis sobre el rol de la religión, para abordar finalmente aquellos procesos que podrían orientar a una sociedad civil (...) mundial hacia una espiritualidad encarnada en los procesos sociales, desde nuestra condición actual concebida como el momento de la gran bifurcación y de la era de las comunidades. (shrink)

The interpretation of Hegel has been a focal point of philosophical controversy ever since the beginning of the twentieth century, both among Marxists and in the major European philosophical schools. Yet despite wide differences of emphasis most interpretations of Hegel share important similarities. They link his idea of Reason to the revolutionary and rationalist tradition which led to the French Revolution, and they interpret his dialectic as implying a latently atheist and even materialist world outlook. Lucio Colletti directly challenges (...) this picture of Hegel. He argues that Hegel was an essentially Christian philosopher, and that his dialectic was explicitly anti-materialist in both intention and effect. In contrast to earlier views, Colletti maintains that there is no contradiction between Hegel’s method and his system, once it is accepted that his thought is an exercise in Absolute Idealism stemming from a long Christian humanist tradition. He claims, on the contrary, that intellectual inconsistency is rather to be found in the works of Engels, Lenin, Lukás, Kojève and others, who have attempted to adapt Hegel to their own philosophical priorities. Colletti places his argument in the context of a broad re-examination of the whole relationship between Marxism and the Enlightenment, giving novel emphasis to the relationship between Marxism and Kant. He concludes by re-asserting the importance in Marxism of empirical science against the claim of “infinite reason,” while at the same time showing how Marx did transform key ideas in Hegelian thought to construct a consistently materialist dialectic. (shrink)

The Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) represents a set of life-long disorders. In particular, subjects with ASD can display momentary behaviors of acute agitation and aggressiveness called crisis behaviors. These events are problematic for the subject and care providers but little is known about their occurrence, namely, possible relations among intensity, frequency, and duration. A group of ASD subjects (n=33) has been observed for 12 months reporting data on each crisis ( n = 1137 crises). Statistical analysis did not find significant (...) results, while the relation between crisis duration and frequency showed a good fit to a “power law” curve, suggesting the application of Self-Organized Criticality (SOC) model. The SOC is used to describe natural phenomena as earthquakes, bank failures of rivers, mass extinctions, and other systems where a type of “catastrophic events” is necessary to maintain a critical equilibrium. In a sense, subjects at risk of crisis behavior seem to fit the same model as seismic zones at risk of earthquakes. The employment of the same strategies, as those successfully developed for known SOC systems, could lead to important insights for ASD management. Moreover, the SOC model offers possible interpretations of crisis behavior dynamics suggesting that they are unpredictable and, in a sense, necessary. (shrink)

Our fellows furnish us the constantly needed supplement to our own fragmentary meanings. That is, they help is find out what our own true meaning is.Very little has been written on Royce’s reception and mentions of Nietzsche that engage the issues of the early dissemination of Nietzsche’s texts in the United States, Royce’s study and knowledge of the range of Nietzsche’s texts, or the mentions of Nietzsche in Royce’s texts from 1906, and up to the posthumously published article “Nietzsche”. This (...) leaves one on a jetty between purely speculative approaches to Nietzsche’s presence in the philosophical works of whoever might strike the fancy of the moment, or... (shrink)

OElig;he thesis is sustained that the definitions of fundamental geometric entities which open Euclids Elements actually are excerpts from the Definitions by Heron of Alexandria, interpolated in late antiquity into Euclids treatise. As a consequence, one of the main bases of the traditional Platonist interpretation of Euclid is refuted. Arguments about the constructivist nature of Euclids mathematical philosophy are given.

Após a onda de desconstrução do pensamento que marcou a última década da filosofia entre nós, talvez tenha chegado o tempo do refluxo do pensamento, a saber, o tempo de debater a existência de um cânone filosófico brasileiro, justamente quando a legitimidade da ciência e, sobretudo da filosofia, é posta em questão. O ponto pede atenção: desde o século XVI, há ensino de filosofia nestas terras, então, quais seriam as razões para afirmar ou negar a existência de uma filosofia brasileira? (...) Para responder à questão, na primeira parte deste artigo, situamos uma ideia de cânone filosófico à luz da produção acadêmica nacional; na segunda, analisamos a possibilidade de um conceito restrito e um amplo de cânone passando da literatura à filosofia; na terceira, comparamos cinco pares antitéticos de definições filosóficas de autores brasileiros e, finalmente, analisamos como a produção filosófica dentro do Sistema Nacional de Pós-Graduação (SNPG) tem viabilizado ou não o debate acerca da legitimidade da filosofia brasileira. (shrink)

El Árbol de la vida es una traducción de la filogenia en una imagen. Es elaborado por medio de un proceso complejo de abstracción de notas morfológicas y genéticas. El árbol formaliza lo que la biología evolutiva detecta acerca de la conexión de los seres a lo largo del tiempo. El Árbol es un producto semiótico. No incluye ninguna explicación sobre el proceso evolutivo, sino que simplemente indica la comunidad de los seres vivientes y su probable origen común. El Árbol (...) permite otras lecturas, más allá de su sentido unívoco, hacia una visión integral del fenómeno de la vida. Aun cuando el Árbol de la vida sea una construcción científica, él opera como un símbolo, con capacidad de generar una comprensión metacientífica de la vida. (shrink)

Resumo Artigo publicado em 1943, no jornal Diário de Notícias, no Rio de Janeiro. O texto apresenta características da filosofia moral de Nietzsche e mostra o filósofo alemão como aquele que buscou compreender o "querer-viver", a expansão da vida. Será a partir da obra Assim falava Zaratustra que o autor se baseia para seu artigo.

Demonstrates how the ethical underpinning of Hegel’s political and social philosophy has relevance for contemporary democratic life. The legal regulations and formal rules of democracy alone are not enough to hold a society together and govern its processes. Yet the irreducible ethical pluralism that characterizes contemporary society seems to make it impossible to impose a single system of values as a source of social cohesion and identity reference. In this book, Lucio Cortella argues that Hegel’s theory of ethical life (...) can provide such a grounding and makes the case through an analysis of Hegel’s central political work, the Philosophy of Right. Although Hegel did not support democratic political ends and wrote in a historical and cultural context far removed from the current liberal-democratic scene, Cortella maintains that the Hegelian theory of ethical life, with its emphasis on securing a framework conducive to human freedom, nevertheless offers a convincing response to the problem of the ethical uprootedness of contemporary democracy. (shrink)

Le MST a connu de grands succès dans les années 1980 – 450 000 familles dans assentamentos (propriétaires) ou acampamentos (occupants) – et a servi d’exemple à de nombreuses mobilisations et occupations de terres dans le monde. Pendant l’ère Bolsonaro, le mouvement a connu diverses adaptations. Il a adopté le récit de l’entrepreneur agricole, influencé en cela par les évangélistes – de la « théologie de la libération » communautaire à la théologie individualiste de la réussite. Il a, par obligation (...) et répression, délaissé l’action d’occupation des terres pour le développement de l’agriculture biologique et la production d’aliments « sains », largement à destination des villes. Ainsi, il resserre les liens entre le rural et l’urbain et se rapproche stratégiquement du Mouvement des Sans Toit. (shrink)

The seminal contribution of Sen (1976) led to a new way to conceptualize and measure absolute poverty, by arguing for the need to ‘take note of the inequality among the poor’ (Sen 1976: 227). Since then, the ‘Inequality’ of poverty has become the third ‘I’ of poverty, which together with the ‘Incidence’ and the ‘Intensity’ of it constitute the dimensions deemed relevant for poverty evaluation. In this paper, we first argue that the interest in the third ‘I’ of poverty actually (...) originates from aprioritarian(Parfit 1995) rather than an egalitarian attitude. Further, we illustrate the inability of the three ‘I's to fully comprise the criteria for the assessment of poverty which are de facto adopted by existing poverty indices. Some of them resolve distributional conflicts by following leximin, hence assigning a pivotal role to the worst off. We question the desirability of leximin, and conclude that giving absolute priority to the worst off is plausible only in cases where the latter has been identified by an exogenous threshold demarcating a significant difference in human suffering. Finally, we explore to what extent prioritarianism and the sufficiency argument of Frankfurt (1987), Crisp (2003) and Casal (2007) can help conceptualize giving absolute priority to individuals or groups indentified by exogenous (poverty and ultra-poverty) thresholds. (shrink)

Abstract: Biology continues to use the Tree of Life image to show the temporal continuity and discontinuity of the living beings. Moreover, the development of genetic, molecular biology and paleontology has originated phylogenetics. This discipline studies evolutionary relatedness among various groups of organisms through molecular sequencing data and morphological data matrices. The Tree offers interesting points for semiotic perspectives and for theological approaches too. The symbolic reading of the Tree of Life, on the one hand, and the analogies with the (...) Biblical genealogies and some Christian images, on the other hand, will be explored. -/- . (shrink)