Results for 'Lesley Stone'

971 found
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  1.  78
    The Role of State Law in Protecting Human Subjects of Public Health Research and Practice.Scott Burris, Lance Gable, Lesley Stone & Zita Lazzarini - 2003 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 31 (4):654-662.
    “Public health practice” consists of activities and Programs managed by public health agencies to promote health and prevent disease, injury, and disability. Some of these activities might be deemed to fit within the broad definition of “research” under federal regulations, known as the Common Rule, designed to protect human research subjects. The Common Rule defines research as “a systeniatic investigation, including research development, testing and evaluation, designed to develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge.” Public health activities that might under some (...)
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  2.  51
    Public Health and the Built Environment: Historical, Empirical, and Theoretical Foundations for an Expanded Role.Wendy C. Perdue, Lawrence O. Gostin & Lesley A. Stone - 2003 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 31 (4):557-566.
    In 2000, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Environmental Health issued a report that explored some of the ways in which “sprawl” impacts public health. The report has generated great interest, and state health officials are beginning to discuss the relationship between land use and public health. The CDC report has also produced a backlash. For example, the Southern California Building Industry Association labeled the report “a ludicrous sham” and argued that the CDC should stick to (...)
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  3.  60
    International Trade, Law, and Public Health Advocacy.Jason W. Sapsin, Theresa M. Thompson, Lesley Stone & Katherine E. DeLand - 2003 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 31 (4):546-556.
    Public Health Science and practice expanded during the course of the 20th century. Initially focused on controlling infectious disease through basic public health programs regulating water, sanitation and food, by 1988 the Institute of Medicine broadly declared that “public health is what we, as a society, do collectively to. assure the conditions for people to be healthy.” Commensurate with this definition, public health practitioners and policymakers today work on ;in enormous range of issues. The 2002 policy agenda of the American (...)
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  4. Leave No Stone Unturned: The Inclusive Model of Ethical Decision Making.Donna McAuliffe & Lesley Chenoweth - 2008 - Ethics and Social Welfare 2 (1):38-49.
    Ethical decision making is a core part of the work of social work and human service practitioners, who confront with regularity dilemmas of duty of care; confidentiality, privacy and disclosure; choice and autonomy; and distribution of increasingly scarce resources. This article details the development and application of the Inclusive Model of Ethical Decision Making, created in response to growing awareness of the complexities of work in both public and private sectors. The model rests on four key platforms that are constructed (...)
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  5.  56
    The theory of Representations for Boolean Algebras.M. H. Stone - 1936 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 1 (3):118-119.
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  6. Why Potentiality Matters.Jim Stone - 1987 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 17 (4):815-829.
    Do fetuses have a right to life in virtue of the fact that they are potential adult human beings? I take the claim that the fetus is a potential adult human being to come to this: if the fetus grows normally there will be an adult human animal that was once the fetus. Does this fact ground a claim to our care and protection? A great deal hangs on the answer to this question. The actual mental and physical capacities of (...)
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  7. 13 Should Trees Have Standing? Toward Legal Rights for Natural Objects.Christopher D. Stone - 1988/1972 - Environmental Ethics: The Big Questions.
  8.  24
    Student Perceptions of Academic Integrity: A Qualitative Study of Understanding, Consequences, and Impact.Anna Stone - 2023 - Journal of Academic Ethics 21 (3):357-375.
    Background Academic integrity (AI) is of increasing importance in higher education. At the same time, students are becoming more consumer-oriented and more inclined to appeal against, or complain about, a penalty imposed for a breach of AI. This combination of factors places pressure on institutions of higher education to handle alleged breaches of AI in a way acceptable to students that motivates them to continue to engage with their studies. Method Students (n = 8) were interviewed to discover their perceptions (...)
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  9. Why lotteries are just.Peter Stone - 2007 - Journal of Political Philosophy 15 (3):276–295.
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  10.  84
    Reference to possible worlds.Matthew Stone - 1999 - Technical Report 49, Rutgers University Center for Cognitive Science.
    In modal subordination, a modal sentence is interpreted relative to a hypothetical scenario introduced in an earlier sentence. In this paper, I argue that this phenomenon reflects the fact that the interpretation of modals is an ANAPHORIC process. Modal morphemes introduce sets of possible worlds, representing alternative hypothetical scenarios, as entities into the discourse model. Their interpretation depends on evoking sets of worlds recording described and reference scenarios, and relating such sets to one another using familiar notions of restricted, preferential (...)
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  11. Why there still are no people.Jim Stone - 2005 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 70 (1):174-191.
    This paper argues that there are no people. If identity isn't what matters in survival, psychological connectedness isn't what matters either. Further, fissioning cases do not support the claim that connectedness is what matters. I consider Peter Unger's view that what matters is a continuous physical realization of a core psychology. I conclude that if identity isn't what matters in survival, nothing matters. This conclusion is deployed to argue that there are no people. Objections to Eliminativism are considered, especially that (...)
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  12.  95
    What Is Provisional Right?Martin Jay Stone & Rafeeq Hasan - 2022 - Philosophical Review 131 (1):51-98.
    Kant maintains that while claims to property are morally possible in a state of nature, such claims are merely “provisional”; they become “conclusive” only in a civil condition involving political institutions. Kant’s commentators find this thesis puzzling, since it seems to assert a natural right to property alongside a commitment to property’s conventionality. We resolve this apparent contradiction. Provisional right is not a special kind of right. Instead, it marks the imperfection of an action where public authorization is lacking. Provisional (...)
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  13. Phenomenology and Mindfulness.O. Stone & D. Zahavi - 2021 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 28 (3-4):158-185.
    Over the past several decades, a large number of publications have claimed that there are important similarities between mindfulness and phenomenology, with a particular emphasis on the epoché and phenomenological reduction. We argue that these comparisons trade on a rather superficial and often misleading presentation of phenomenology. The epoché-reduction is treated either as a matter of bracketing our 'theoretical baggage' so as to allow for a full disclosure and precise description of the objects of experience, or as a matter of (...)
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  14. Mental Simulation, Tacit Theory, and the Threat of Collapse.Tony Stone - 2001 - Philosophical Topics 29 (1-2):127-173.
    According to the theory theory of folk psychology, our engagement in the folk psychological practices of prediction, interpretation and explanation draws on a rich body of knowledge about psychological matters. According to the simulation theory, in apparent contrast, a fundamental role is played by our ability to identify with another person in imagination and to replicate or re-enact aspects of the other person’s mental life. But amongst theory theorists, and amongst simulation theorists, there are significant differences of approach.
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  15.  70
    Topological Representations of Distributive Lattices and Brouwerian Logics.M. H. Stone - 1938 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 3 (2):90-91.
  16. Why counterpart theory and four-dimensionalism are incompatible.Jim Stone - 2005 - Analysis 65 (4):329-333.
  17.  4
    Closing Content from the Editors.Ariel Sykes & Stone Addington - 2024 - Questions 24:75-75.
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  18.  38
    Religious Naturalism Today: The Rebirth of a Forgotten Alternative.Jerome Arthur Stone - 2008 - State University of New York Press.
    Part I: The birth of religious naturalism -- Philosophical religious naturalism -- Theological religious naturalism -- Analyzing the issues -- Interlude religious naturalism in literature -- Part II: The rebirth of religious naturalism -- Sources of religious insight -- Current issues in religious naturalism -- Other current religious naturalists -- Conclusion: Living religiously as a naturalist.
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  19. Towards a Genealogical Feminism: A Reading of Judith Butler's Political Thought.Alison Stone - 2005 - Contemporary Political Theory 4 (1):4-24.
    Judith Butler's contribution to feminist political thought is usually approached in terms of her concept of performativity, according to which gender exists only insofar as it is ritualistically and repetitively performed, creating permanent possibilities for performing gender in new and transgressive ways. In this paper, I argue that Butler's politics of performativity is more fundamentally grounded in the concept of genealogy, which she adapts from Foucault and, ultimately, Nietzsche. Butler understands women to have a genealogy: to be located within a (...)
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  20. The mental simulation debate: A progress report.Tony Stone & Martin Davies - 1996 - In Peter Carruthers & Peter K. Smith, Theories of Theories of Mind. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 119--137.
    1. Introduction For philosophers, the current phase of the debate with which this volume is concerned can be taken to have begun in 1986, when Jane Heal and Robert Gordon published their seminal papers (Heal, 1986; Gordon, 1986; though see also, for example, Stich, 1981; Dennett, 1981). They raised a dissenting voice against what was becoming a philosophical orthodoxy: that our everyday, or folk, understanding of the mind should be thought of as theoretical. In opposition to this picture, Gordon and (...)
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  21.  69
    The Logic of Random Selection.Peter Stone - 2009 - Political Theory 37 (3):375-397.
    This essay lays out the common reasoning underlying a diversity of arguments for decision making using lotteries. This reasoning appeals to the sanitizing effects of ignorance. Lotteries ensure that bad reasons are unable to affect a decision. (They also ensure that good reasons have no effect as well, which is why care must be applied in deciding to use them.) All arguments for or against the use of a lottery to make a particular decision will thus appeal to the same (...)
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  22. Skepticism as a theory of knowledge.Jim Stone - 2000 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 60 (3):527-545.
    Skepticism about the external world may very well be correct, so the question is in order: what theory of knowledge flows from skepticism itself? The skeptic can give a relatively simple and intuitive account of knowledge by identifying it with indubitable certainty. Our everyday ‘I know that p’ claims, which typically are part of practical projects, deploy the ideal of knowledge to make assertions closely related to, but weaker than, knowledge claims. The truth of such claims is consistent with skepticism; (...)
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  23. Sortition, voting, and democratic equality.Peter Stone - 2016 - Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 19 (3):339-356.
    In recent years, democrats both inside and outside the academy have begun to reconsider the merits of the age-old practice of sortition, the random selection of political officials. Despite this fact, however, the comparative assessment of the merits of voting and sortition remains in its infancy. This paper will advance this project by treating the problem of assigning public responsibilities as a problem of allocative justice. To treat the problem in this manner is to treat public office as a type (...)
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  24.  28
    Noradrenergic function during stress and depression: An alternative view.Eric A. Stone - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):122-122.
  25. Parfit and the Buddha: Why there are no people.Jim Stone - 1988 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 48 (March):519-32.
  26. The Trial of Socrates.I. F. Stone - 1989 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 18 (2):184-205.
     
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  27. Legal System and Lawyer's Reasonings.Julius Stone - 1971 - Philosophy and Rhetoric 4 (3):185-187.
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  28.  28
    Making our Measures Match Perceptions: Do Severity and Type Matter When Assessing Academic Misconduct Offenses?Thomas H. Stone, Jennifer L. Kisamore, I. M. Jawahar & Jocelyn Holden Bolin - 2014 - Journal of Academic Ethics 12 (4):251-270.
    Traditional approaches to measurement of violations of academic integrity may overestimate the magnitude and severity of cheating and confound panic with planned cheating. Differences in the severity and level of premeditation of academic integrity violations have largely been unexamined. Results of a study based on a combined sample of business students showed that students are more likely to commit minor cheating offenses and engage in panic-based cheating as compared to serious and planned cheating offenses. Results also indicated there is a (...)
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  29.  31
    Non-reasoned decision-making.Peter Stone - 2014 - Economics and Philosophy 30 (2):195-214.
    Human behaviour, like everything else, has causes. Most of the time, those causes can be described as reasons. Human beings perform actions because they have reasons for performing them. They are capable of surveying the options available and then selecting one based upon those reasons. But invariably occasions arise in which the reasons known to the agent fail to single out a determinate option. When reasons cannot determine the option to select on their own, the agent must resort to some (...)
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  30. Why counterpart theory and three-dimensionalism are incompatible.Jim Stone - 2005 - Analysis 65 (1):24-27.
  31.  38
    Introduction to nineteenth-century British and American women philosophers.Alison Stone & Charlotte Alderwick - 2021 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy 29 (2):193-207.
    Since the 1980s, an immense wave of scholarship has recovered the voices of the many women who contributed to early modern philosophy, transforming our picture of the period. It is now typical for...
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  32.  92
    Why Potentiality Still Matters.Jim Stone - 1994 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 24 (2):281 - 293.
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  33.  30
    Later Nineteenth-Century Women Philosophers on Mind and Its Place in the World.Alison Stone - 2022 - Journal of the History of Philosophy 60 (1):97-120.
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  34. Reading Across Borders: Storytelling and Knowledges of Resistance.Shari Stone-Mediatore - 2003 - Palgrave-Macmillan.
    Bringing together the work of Hannah Arendt, poststructuralist and hermeneutic theories of narrative, and feminist standpoint theory, this book examines the role of narrative in both ideological and critical political thinking. The book recasts feminist affirmations (and critiques) of "marginal experience" by situating experience and identity within a theory of narrative and it identifies the specific narrative strategies that impede, and those that facilitate, feminist and democratic struggles.
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  35. Sentence Planning as Description Using Tree Adjoining Grammar.Matthew Stone - unknown
    We present an algorithm for simultaneously constructing both the syntax and semantics of a sentence using a Lexicalized Tree Adjoining Grammar (LTAG). This approach captures naturally and elegantly the interaction between pragmatic and syntactic constraints on descriptions in a sentence, and the inferential interactions between multiple descriptions in a sentence. At the same time, it exploits linguistically motivated, declarative specifications of the discourse functions of syntactic constructions to make contextually appropriate syntactic choices.
     
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  36. Spirituality for naturalists.Jerome A. Stone - 2012 - Zygon 47 (3):481-500.
    Abstract The views of eleven writers who develop a naturalized spirituality, from Baruch Spinoza and George Santayana to Sam Harris, André Comte-Sponville, Ursula Goodenough, and Sharon Welch and others are presented. Then the writer's own theory is developed. This is a pluralistic notion of sacredness, an adjective referring to unmanipulable events of overriding importance. The difficulties in using traditional religious words, such as God and spiritual are addressed.
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  37.  43
    Introducing difference into the Condorcet jury theorem.Peter Stone - 2015 - Theory and Decision 78 (3):399-409.
    This paper explores the role that difference plays in collective decision-making using the Condorcet jury theorem. Agents facing a dichotomous decision might prove biased toward one of the options facing them. That is, they may be more likely to decide correctly when one of the options is correct than when the other option is. A juror might be more likely to convict a guilty defendant than to acquit an innocent one. Agents may display opposing biases. This paper identifies the optimal (...)
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  38. The Romantic Absolute.Alison Stone - 2011 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy 19 (3):497-517.
    In this article I argue that the Early German Romantics understand the absolute, or being, to be an infinite whole encompassing all the things of the world and all their causal relations. The Romantics argue that we strive endlessly to know this whole but only acquire an expanding, increasingly systematic body of knowledge about finite things, a system of knowledge which can never be completed. We strive to know the whole, the Romantics claim, because we have an original feeling of (...)
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  39.  45
    The Value of Darkness: A Moral Framework for Urban Nighttime Lighting.Taylor Stone - 2018 - Science and Engineering Ethics 24 (2):607-628.
    The adverse effects of artificial nighttime lighting, known as light pollution, are emerging as an important environmental issue. To address these effects, current scientific research focuses mainly on identifying what is bad or undesirable about certain types and uses of lighting at night. This paper adopts a value-sensitive approach, focusing instead on what is good about darkness at night. In doing so, it offers a first comprehensive analysis of the environmental value of darkness at night from within applied ethics. A (...)
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  40. Why counterpart theory and modal realism are incompatible.Jim Stone - 2009 - Analysis 69 (4):650-653.
    I find a lost wallet containing the owner's address and a lot of cash. Shall I keep it or return it? Suppose I have the ‘liberty of indifference’: whatever I do, I could have done otherwise. Indeed, part of what is meant in saying I act freely is that either way what I do is up to me. And let's allow this liberty requires that my choice is not a logical consequence of the past and natural laws. If I return (...)
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  41. Moral pluralism and the course of environmental ethics.Christopher D. Stone - 1988 - Environmental Ethics 10 (2):139-154.
    Environmental ethics has reached a certain level of maturity; further significant advances require reexamining its status within the larger realm of moral philosophy. It could aim to extend to nonhumans one of the familiar sets of principles subject to appropriate modifications; or it could seek to break away and put forward its own paradigm or paradigms. Selecting the proper course requires as the most immediate mission exploring the formal requirements of an ethical system. In general, are there constraints against bringing (...)
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  42.  45
    Sexing the state : familial and political form in Irigaray and Hegel.Alison Stone - 2006 - Radical Philosophy 113:24-36.
  43.  46
    Youth power—youth movements: myth, activism, and democracy.Lynda Stone - 2021 - Ethics and Education 16 (2):249-261.
    This article explores relationships of youth power in a set of threads leading to the potential of today’s youth activism to combat the climate crisis. Following an introduction featuring Sweden’s Greta Thunberg, the threads are these: First from an American context is history of youth development, with one emphasis on the construction of adolescence. Second is learning experience about the US environment with its own national ‘exceptionalist’ history. Third is the role of inspiring youth movements, from history and contemporary times. (...)
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  44.  94
    Intention, interpretation and the computational structure of language.Matthew Stone - 2004 - Cognitive Science 28 (5):781-809.
    I show how a conversational process that takes simple, intuitively meaningful steps may be understood as a sophisticated computation that derives the richly detailed, complex representations implicit in our knowledge of language. To develop the account, I argue that natural language is structured in a way that lets us formalize grammatical knowledge precisely in terms of rich primitives of interpretation. Primitives of interpretation can be correctly viewed intentionally, as explanations of our choices of linguistic actions; the model therefore fits our (...)
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  45. Or and Anaphora.Matthew D. Stone - unknown
    The meanings of donkey sentences cannot be captured using a procedure which, like Montague’s, uses the existential quantifiers of classical logic to translate indefinites and the variables to translate pronouns. The treatment of these examples requires meanings which depend on the context in which sentences appear, and thus necessitates a logic which models this context to some extent. If context is represented as the information conveyed in discourse, and the meanings of pronouns are enriched to depend on this information, the (...)
     
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  46.  18
    The Media Depiction of Women Who Opt Out.Pamela Stone & Arielle Kuperberg - 2008 - Gender and Society 22 (4):497-517.
    Through a content analysis of print media and a comparison of media images with trends in women's behavior, the authors explore the rhetoric and reality surrounding the exit of college-educated women from the workforce to become full-time mothers, a phenomenon that has been dubbed “opting out.” The major imagery surrounding opting out emphasizes motherhood and family, elites, and choice. A close reading reveals some inconsistencies that counter the prevailing positive depiction. The authors also find that media coverage of opting out (...)
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  47.  20
    The Edinburgh Critical History of Nineteenth-Century Philosophy.Alison Stone - unknown
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  48. Meaning and Demonstration.Matthew Stone & Una Stojnic - 2015 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 6 (1):69-97.
    In demonstration, speakers use real-world activity both for its practical effects and to help make their points. The demonstrations of origami mathematics, for example, reconfigure pieces of paper by folding, while simultaneously allowing their author to signal geometric inferences. Demonstration challenges us to explain how practical actions can get such precise significance and how this meaning compares with that of other representations. In this paper, we propose an explanation inspired by David Lewis’s characterizations of coordination and scorekeeping in conversation. In (...)
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  49.  24
    Task decomposition, dynamic role assignment, and low-bandwidth communication for real-time strategic teamwork.Peter Stone & Manuela Veloso - 1999 - Artificial Intelligence 110 (2):241-273.
  50. The sex of nature: A reinterpretation of Irigaray's metaphysics and political thought.Alison Stone - 2003 - Hypatia 18 (3):60-84.
    : I argue that Irigaray's recent work develops a theoretically cogent and politically radical form of realist essentialism. I suggest that she identifies sexual difference with a fundamental difference between the rhythms of percipient fluids constituting women's and men's bodies, supporting this with a philosophy of nature that she justifies phenomenologically and ethically. I explore the politics Irigaray derives from this philosophy, which affirms the sexes' rights to realize the possibilities of their rhythmically diverse bodies.
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