Results for 'Lennart May'

966 found
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  1.  62
    The Role of Quality Labels in Market-Driven Animal Welfare.Lennart Ravn Heerwagen, Morten Raun Mørkbak, Sigrid Denver, Peter Sandøe & Tove Christensen - 2015 - Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 28 (1):67-84.
    In policy-making the consumption of specially labelled products, and its role in improving the welfare of livestock, has attracted considerable attention. There is in many countries a diverse market for animal welfare-friendly products which is potentially confusing and may lack transparency. We ask whether special quality labels that involve medium levels of animal welfare, as compared with labels promoting premium levels of animal welfare, have a role to play in promoting improvements in animal welfare. The Danish pork market is our (...)
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  2.  86
    Quality of Life, Health and Happiness.Lennart Nordenfelt - unknown
    The basic work for this book was carried out during the spring of 1989 in Edinburgh, where I had been granted a research position at The Institute for Advanced Studies in the Humanities. I should like to express here my indebtedness to the Institute for the opportunity thus afforded me. I should also like to say how very grateful I am for the stimulating conversations I had there with Professor Timothy Sprigge and Dr. Elizabeth Telfer. Dr. Telfers’s own treatise Happiness (...)
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  3.  66
    Why resilience is unappealing to social science : Theoretical and empirical investigations of the scientific use of resilience.Lennart Olsson, Anne Jerneck, Henrik Thorén, Johannes Persson & David O. Byrne - unknown
    Resilience is often promoted as a boundary concept to integrate the social and natural dimensions of sustainability. However, it is a troubled dialogue from which social scientists may feel detached. To explain this, we first scrutinize the meanings, attributes, and uses of resilience in ecology and elsewhere to construct a typology of definitions. Second, we analyze core concepts and principles in resilience theory that cause disciplinary tensions between the social and natural sciences. Third, we provide empirical evidence of the asymmetry (...)
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  4.  34
    Rationality and Compulsion: Applying Action Theory to Psychiatry.Lennart Nordenfelt - 2007 - Oxford University Press.
    This book presents a unique examination of mental illness. Though common to many mental disorders, delusions result in actions that, though perhaps rational to the individual, might seem entirely inappropriate or harmful to others. This book shows how we may better understand delusion by examining the nature of compulsion.
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  5. An interpretation of probability in the law of evidence based on pro-et-contra argumentation.Lennart Åqvist - 2007 - Artificial Intelligence and Law 15 (4):391-410.
    The purpose of this paper is to improve on the logical and measure-theoretic foundations for the notion of probability in the law of evidence, which were given in my contributions Åqvist [ (1990) Logical analysis of epistemic modality: an explication of the Bolding–Ekelöf degrees of evidential strength. In: Klami HT (ed) Rätt och Sanning (Law and Truth. A symposium on legal proof-theory in Uppsala May 1989). Iustus Förlag, Uppsala, pp 43–54; (1992) Towards a logical theory of legal evidence: semantic analysis (...)
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  6. On concepts and theories of addiction.Lennart Nordenfelt - 2010 - Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology 17 (1):27-30.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:On Concepts and Theories of AddictionLennart Nordenfelt (bio)Keywordsaddiction, disease, will power, autonomy, holistic view of healthThe article "A Liberal Account of Addiction" is a good piece of analytic philosophy applied to psychiatry. It is well-informed both with regard to empirical matters and philosophical conceptualization. The arguments are often—but, as I will show, not always—quite convincing. The conclusions of the paper also have crucial consequences for practice, for the treatment (...)
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  7.  16
    A diary study on the moderating role of leader-member exchange on the relationship between job characteristics, job satisfaction, and emotional exhaustion.Lennart Poetz & Judith Volmer - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Job characteristics play an essential role for the well-being of employees. When job characteristics are unfavorable, the experienced exchange relationship with one’s supervisor may become relevant to weaken negative consequences. We conducted a diary study over ten consecutive working days with 112 academics. Based on conservation of resources theory, we assumed that daily LMX constitutes a resource for employees that moderates the link between job characteristics and job satisfaction as well as emotional exhaustion. Additionally, we proposed lagged-effects of morning job (...)
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  8. (1 other version)Interpretations of deontic logic.Lennart Åqvist - 1964 - Mind 73 (290):246-253.
    The author is concerned with a minimal system dl of deontic logic, His main purpose being to draw attention to the existence of interpretations of dl that give rise to various systems of what may be called "atheoretical logic." by this we understand logical systems dealing with expressions that are--Very probably at least--Neither true nor false, Such as sentences expressing promises, Intentions, Wishes, Commands, And similar things. As it is well known, The status of atheoretical logic in this sense is (...)
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  9.  31
    On chronic illness and quality of life: A conceptual framework. [REVIEW]Lennart Nordenfelt - 1995 - Health Care Analysis 3 (4):290-298.
    In this paper I focus on the topic of chronic illness in the context of quality of life. I offer a conceptual explanation of these notions and then try to systematise the various species of suffering connected with chronic illness. Suffering in illness rarely attracts systematic analysis. Part of the reason for this is that the topic is in a way an aspect of common sense. It has an air of self-evidence and seems not to require analysis. However, it is (...)
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  10.  82
    Ill Health or Illness: A Reply to Hofmann. [REVIEW]Lennart Nordenfelt - 2013 - Health Care Analysis 21 (4):298-305.
    In this article I respond to Björn Hofmann’s criticism of some elements in my theory of health. Hofmann’s main objective is to question “Nordenfelt’s basic premise that you can be ill without having negative first-person experiences, and to investigate the consequences of abandoning the premise.” One of Hofmann’s critical points is that my theory of health does not lend voice to the individual. My response is essentially conducted in four steps: (1) I question the aim of conceptual analysis that Hofmann (...)
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  11.  33
    Ethical concerns in suicide research: thematic analysis of the views of human research ethics committees in Australia.Karl Andriessen, Jane Pirkis, Jo Robinson, Lennart Reifels, Karolina Krysinska, Georgia Dempster & Emma Barnard - 2021 - BMC Medical Ethics 22 (1):1-10.
    BackgroundSuicide research aims to contribute to a better understanding of suicidal behaviour and its prevention. However, there are many ethical challenges in this research field, for example, regarding consent and potential risks to participants. While studies to-date have focused on the perspective of the researchers, this study aimed to investigate the views and experiences of members of Human Research Ethics Committees (HRECs) in dealing with suicide-related study applications.MethodsThis qualitative study entailed a thematic analysis using an inductive approach. We conducted semi-structured (...)
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  12.  11
    Zombie Ideas: Why Failed Policy Ideas Persist.Brainard Guy Peters & Maximilian Lennart Nagel - 2020 - Cambridge University Press.
    Ideas are important in shaping the policy choices of governments. But many ideas that have not been successful in the past continue to be used by policymakers, and some good ideas tend not to be adopted. This Element will focus on why governments make these poor policy choices. We will discuss a number of examples of 'zombie ideas' that refuse to die, and then discuss the factors that are associated with their survival. Those factors occur at the elite, the organizational (...)
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  13.  45
    What is the scope for the interpretation of dignity in research involving human subjects?Lawrence Burns - 2008 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 11 (2):191-208.
    Drawing on Lennart Nordenfelt’s distinction between the four distinct senses of dignity, I elucidate the meaning of dignity in the context of research involving human subjects. I acknowledge that different interpretations of the personal senses of dignity may be acceptable in human subject research, but that inherent dignity (Menschenwürde) is not open to interpretation in the same way. In order to map out the grounds for interpreting dignity, I examine the unique application of the principle of respect for dignity (...)
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  14.  74
    A Response to Nordenfelt's “The Varieties of Dignity”.Andrew Edgar - 2004 - Health Care Analysis 12 (2):83-89.
    I respond to Lennart Nordenfelt's analysis of dignity by questioning his attempt to establish an objective standard by which dignity can be determined. I approach this by considering the way in which claims to dignity may be contested and defended. This leads, in the cases of dignity of merit and dignity of moral status, to an apparent relativism. This relativism is checked by further consideration of dignity of identity, and in particular by consideration of the nature of the processes (...)
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  15.  27
    Forrester's Paradox.Dale Jacquette - 1986 - Dialogue 25 (4):761-.
    In “Gentle Murder, Or The Adverbial Samaritan”, James William Forrester presents what he describes as “the most powerful version yet put forward” of Lennart Åqvist's Good Samaritan paradox in deontic logic. Forrester suggests that the paradox may make it necessary to reject the standard deontic inference principle. This desperate conclusion, as Forrester acknowledges, would imply that all of standard deontic logic “must be in a bad way”. But Forrester's “paradox” is not nearly so deep or intractable as he maintains.
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  16.  40
    The Notion of health and the morality of genetic intervention.Erik Malmqvist - 2005 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 9 (2):181-192.
    In the present paper it is argued that genetic interventions on human embryos are in principle permissible if they promote the health of the persons that these embryos will one day become and impermissible if they compromise their health. This so called health-intervention principle is reached by, inter alia, rejecting alternative approaches to the problem of the permissibility of genetic intervention. The health-intervention principle can be interpreted in different ways depending on how the notion of health is understood. The central (...)
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  17. Regard for Reason in the Moral Mind.Joshua May - 2018 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    The burgeoning science of ethics has produced a trend toward pessimism. Ordinary moral thought and action, we’re told, are profoundly influenced by arbitrary factors and ultimately driven by unreasoned feelings. This book counters the current orthodoxy on its own terms by carefully engaging with the empirical literature. The resulting view, optimistic rationalism, shows the pervasive role played by reason, and ultimately defuses sweeping debunking arguments in ethics. The science does suggest that moral knowledge and virtue don’t come easily. However, despite (...)
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  18. Does Disgust Influence Moral Judgment?Joshua May - 2014 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 92 (1):125-141.
    Recent empirical research seems to show that emotions play a substantial role in moral judgment. Perhaps the most important line of support for this claim focuses on disgust. A number of philosophers and scientists argue that there is adequate evidence showing that disgust significantly influences various moral judgments. And this has been used to support or undermine a range of philosophical theories, such as sentimentalism and deontology. I argue that the existing evidence does not support such arguments. At best it (...)
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  19.  9
    Hälsosamma tankar: 11 filosofiska uppsatser tillägnade Lennart Nordenfelt.Lennart Nordenfelt, Per-Erik Liss & Bo Petersson - 1995
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  20. The Neuroscience of Moral Judgment: Empirical and Philosophical Developments.Joshua May, Clifford I. Workman, Julia Haas & Hyemin Han - 2022 - In Felipe De Brigard & Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, Neuroscience and philosophy. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. pp. 17-47.
    We chart how neuroscience and philosophy have together advanced our understanding of moral judgment with implications for when it goes well or poorly. The field initially focused on brain areas associated with reason versus emotion in the moral evaluations of sacrificial dilemmas. But new threads of research have studied a wider range of moral evaluations and how they relate to models of brain development and learning. By weaving these threads together, we are developing a better understanding of the neurobiology of (...)
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  21. Directed Duties.Simon Căbulea May - 2015 - Philosophy Compass 10 (8):523-532.
    Directed duties are duties that an agent owes to some party – a party who would be wronged if the duty were violated. A ‘direction problem’ asks what it is about a duty in virtue of which it is directed towards one party, if any, rather than another. I discuss three theories of moral direction: control, demand and interest theories. Although none of these theories can be rejected out of hand, all three face serious difficulties.
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  22. Principled Compromise and the Abortion Controversy.Simon Căbulea May - 2005 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 33 (4):317-348.
    I argue against the claim that there are principled as well as pragmatic reasons for compromise in politics, even within the context of reasonable moral disagreements such as the abortion controversy.
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  23. Précis of Neuroethics.Joshua May - forthcoming - Philosophy and the Mind Sciences.
    The main message of Neuroethics is that neuroscience forces us to reconceptualize human agency as marvelously diverse and flexible. Free will can arise from unconscious brain processes. Individuals with mental disorders, including addiction and psychopathy, exhibit more agency than is often recognized. Brain interventions should be embraced with cautious optimism. Our moral intuitions, which arise from entangled reason and emotion, can generally be trusted. Nevertheless, we can and should safely enhance our brain chemistry, partly because motivated reasoning crops up in (...)
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  24.  13
    Lennart Åqvist. Results concerning some modal systems that contain S2. The journal of symbolic logic, vol. 29 (1964), pp. 79–87. - E. J. Lemmon. Some results on finite axiomatlzability in modal logic. Notre Dame journal of formal logic, vol. 6 (1965), pp. 301–308. - E. J. Lemmon. A note on Halldén-incompleteness. Notre Dame journal of formal logic, vol. 7 no. 4 (for 1966, pub. 1968), pp. 296–300. [REVIEW]Lennart Aqvist & E. J. Lemmon - 1970 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 34 (4):648-649.
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  25. Ethics, pandemics, and the duty to treat.Heidi Malm, Thomas May, Leslie P. Francis, Saad B. Omer, Daniel A. Salmon & Robert Hood - 2008 - American Journal of Bioethics 8 (8):4 – 19.
    Numerous grounds have been offered for the view that healthcare workers have a duty to treat, including expressed consent, implied consent, special training, reciprocity (also called the social contract view), and professional oaths and codes. Quite often, however, these grounds are simply asserted without being adequately defended or without the defenses being critically evaluated. This essay aims to help remedy that problem by providing a critical examination of the strengths and weaknesses of each of these five grounds for asserting that (...)
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  26.  42
    Gilles Deleuze: An Apprenticeship in Philosophy.Todd G. May & Michael Hardt - 1994 - Substance 23 (2):119.
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  27. “Speaking into the Void”? Intersectionality Critiques and Epistemic Backlash.Vivian M. May - 2014 - Hypatia 29 (1):94-112.
    Taking up Kimberlé Crenshaw's conclusion that black feminist theorists seem to continue to find themselves in many ways “speaking into the void” (Crenshaw 2011, 228), even as their works are widely celebrated, I examine intersectionality critiques as one site where power asymmetries and dominant imaginaries converge in the act of interpretation (or cooptation) of intersectionality. That is, despite its current “status,” intersectionality also faces epistemic intransigence in the ways in which it is read and applied. My aim is not to (...)
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  28.  56
    Infinite frequency principles of direct inference.Lennart B. Ackermans - 2022 - Synthese 200 (2).
    According to an infinite frequency principle, it is rational, under certain conditions, to set your credence in an outcome to the limiting frequency of that outcome if the experiment were repeated indefinitely. I argue that most infinite frequency principles are undesirable in at least one of the following ways: accepting the principle would lead you to accept bets with sure losses, the principle gives no guidance in the case of deterministic experiments like coin tosses and the principle relies on a (...)
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  29.  20
    Differences in Learning Characteristics Between Students With High, Average, and Low Levels of Academic Procrastination: Students’ Views on Factors Influencing Their Learning.Lennart Visser, Fred A. J. Korthagen & Judith Schoonenboom - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  30. Eating Fewer Animals: A Defense of Reducetarianism.Joshua May & Victor Kumar - forthcoming - Journal of Moral Philosophy.
    Moral arguments against the consumption of animal products from factory farms are traditionally categorical. The conclusions require people to eliminate from their diets all animal products (veganism), all animal flesh (vegetarianism), all animals except seafood (pescetarianism), etc. An alternative “reducetarian” approach prescribes progressive reduction in one's consumption of animal products, not categorical abstention. We articulate a much-needed moral defense of this more ecumenical approach. We start with a presumptive case in favor of reducetarianism before moving on to address three objections—that (...)
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  31.  17
    A partial evaluator, and its use as a programming tool.Lennart Beckman, Anders Haraldson, Östen Oskarsson & Erik Sandewall - 1976 - Artificial Intelligence 7 (4):319-357.
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  32. The Beleaguered Rulers: The Public Obligation of the Professional.William F. May - 1992 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 2 (1):25-41.
    Modern professionals wield considerable power by virtue of their knowledge. However, they also feel beleaguered by the constraints they face and the public disapproval they often experience. These pressures combine to diminish the professional's sense of public responsibility and convert him or her in self-perception to a careerist.
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  33. Crimes against Humanity: A Normative Account.Larry May - 2006 - Philosophical Quarterly 56 (225):603-610.
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  34. Skeptical Hypotheses and Moral Skepticism.Joshua May - 2013 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 43 (3):341-359.
    Moral skeptics maintain that we do not have moral knowledge. Traditionally they haven’t argued via skeptical hypotheses like those provided by perceptual skeptics about the external world, such as Descartes’ deceiving demon. But some believe this can be done by appealing to hypotheses like moral nihilism. Moreover, some claim that skeptical hypotheses have special force in the moral case. But I argue that skeptics have failed to specify an adequate skeptical scenario, which reveals a general lesson: such arguments are not (...)
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  35.  28
    Contemporary political movements and the thought of Jacques Rancière: equality in action.Todd May - 2010 - Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
    How democratic progressive politics can happen and how it is happening in very different political arenas.
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  36.  47
    Code, covenant, contract, or philanthropy.William F. May - 1975 - Hastings Center Report 5 (6):29-38.
  37.  82
    Hobbesian Moral and Political Theory.Larry May - 1989 - Noûs 23 (4):560-561.
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  38.  54
    Working memory span and the role of proactive interference.Cindy Lustig, Cynthia P. May & Lynn Hasher - 2001 - Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 130 (2):199.
  39. The concepts of health and illness revisited.Lennart Nordenfelt - 2006 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 10 (1):5-10.
    Contemporary philosophy of health has been quite focused on the problem of determining the nature of the concepts of health, illness and disease from a scientific point of view. Some theorists claim and argue that these concepts are value-free and descriptive in the same sense as the concepts of atom, metal and rain are value-free and descriptive. To say that a person has a certain disease or that he or she is unhealthy is thus to objectively describe this person. On (...)
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  40.  33
    The Benefits to the Human Spirit of Acting Ethically at Work: The Effects of Professional Moral Courage on Work Meaningfulness and Life Well-Being.Douglas R. May & Matthew D. Deeg - 2021 - Journal of Business Ethics 181 (2):397-411.
    AbstractOrganizations receive multiple benefits when their members act ethically. Of interest in this study is if the actors receive benefits as well, especially as individuals look to work to fulfill psychological and social needs in addition to economic ones. Specifically, we highlight a series of ongoing ethical practices embodied in professional moral courage and their relationship to actor’s work meaningfulness and life well-being. Drawing on self-determination theory and affective events theory, we explore how exercising professional moral courage in one’s work (...)
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  41.  29
    Catholic bioethics and the gift of human life.William E. May - 2008 - Huntington, Ind.: Our Sunday Visitor.
    What the Church teaches and why on issues of euthanasia, invitro fertilization, genetic counseling, assisted suicide, living wills, persistent vegetative state, organ transplants, and more.
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  42. Adaptive responsibilities: Non-linear interactions across social sectors. Cases from cross sector partnerships.Maria May Seitanidi - 2008 - Emergence: Complexity and Organization 10 (3):51-64.
     
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  43.  20
    War Crimes and Just War.Larry May - 2008 - Journal of Military Ethics 7 (4):317-319.
  44.  83
    Vicarious agency and corporate responsibility.Larry May - 1983 - Philosophical Studies 43 (1):69 - 82.
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  45. Mind and Morals: Essays on Ethics and Cognitive Science.L. May, Michael Friedman & A. Clark (eds.) - 1996 - MIT Press.
  46.  19
    Action, Ability and Health: Essays in the Philosophy of Action and Welfare.Lennart Nordenfelt - 2000 - Springer.
    This book is a contribution to the general philosophy of action and the philosophy of welfare. The author makes separate analyses of concepts such as action, ability, interaction, action-explanation, happiness, health, illness and disability. At the same time he explores and substantiates the idea of a strong interdependence between the concept of action and some of the central concepts of welfare, in particular health and illness and related concepts.
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  47. Religious Democracy and the Liberal Principle of Legitimacy.Simon Căbulea May - 2009 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 37 (2):135-68.
    I argue against Rawls's claim that the liberal principle of legitimacy would be selected in the original position in addition to a democratic principle. Since a religious democracy could satisfy the democratic principle, the parties in the original position would not exclude it as illegitimate.
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  48.  22
    You Kids Get off My Ethics Lawn!: An Admitted Curmudgeonly Critique of Credentialing Individual Clinical Ethics Consultants.Thomas May - 2020 - American Journal of Bioethics 20 (3):32-34.
    Volume 20, Issue 3, March 2020, Page 32-34.
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  49.  56
    Crimes Against Humanity.Larry May - 2006 - Social Theory and Practice 32 (1):155-163.
  50. Lennart Åqvist: A New Approach to The Logical Theory of Interrogatives. Part I: Analysis. Uppsala 1965, str. 174. [REVIEW]Lennart åqvist - 1969 - Studia Logica 25:189-194.
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