Excerpt from Die Lehre vom Urteil Windelband hat in seinen "präludien und in dem Aufsatz der Festschrift für Zeller "beiträge zur Lehre vom nega tiven Urteil gerade vermittelst der Urteilslehre den ent scheidenden Schritt zu tun vermocht, der Logik wieder ihre sachliche Heimat im Ganzen der Philos0phie zu bestimmen. Rickerts "gegenstand der Erkenntnis ist sodann das Grund buch für alle logischen Untersuchungen der Werttheorie geworden und geblieben. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. (...) Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works. (shrink)

Einleitung. Die logik des wertens in der geschichtsphilosophie des deutschen idealismus.--Die logischen voraussetzungen von Kants und Hegels rationalismus und die einordnung Fichtes in den entwicklungsgang der deutschen spekulation.--Fichtes rationalismus und die irrationalität des empirischen.--Fichtes geschichtsphilosophie.

1. Fichtes idealismus und die geschichte. Rechtsphilosophie. Hegel in seinem verhältnis zur weltanschaung der aufklärung. Gibt es einen "Primat der praktischen vernunft" in der logik?--2. Die logik der philosophie und die kategorienlehre. Die lehre vom urteil.--3. Platon. Zum system der logik. Zum system der wissenschaften.

Excerpt from Rechtsphilosophie Fast samtliche Anhanger absoluter rechtsphilosophischer Wertprinzipien im neunzehnten Jahrhundert so z. B. Stahl, Trendelenburg, Lasson haben den Empirismus auf sich wirken lassen und eine Versohnung der Spekulation mit der positiven Rechtswissenschaft zum mindesten angestrebt. In neuester Zeit hat vor allem Stammler die Einordnung des Rechts in absolute Zweckzusammenhange mit der Ansicht zu vereinigen gewusst, dass die formale Gesetzmassigkeit oder gegenstandliche Richtig keit lediglich einen Massstab fur oder eine unbedingte Anforde rung an das Recht, ein Ziel fur den (...) Gesetzgeber, nicht aber eine ausserlich verbindliche Norm fur das Zusammenleben der Menschen bedeuten kann. So erfullt die kritische Wertspekulation die Forderung Bergbohms, Philosophie des positiven Rechts zu sein. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.". (shrink)

L'axe principal de ce texte du philosophe polonais Emil Lask (1875-1915) est la critique de la philosophie de la valeur et la théorie de la connaissance. Son exposé est l'une des révisions du kantisme les plus radicales du début du XXe siècle.

Riassunto : Il presente articolo intende lumeggiare l’esito tanto fecondo quanto problematico a cui conduce l’originale opera laskiana di risemantizzazione del concetto di soggettività. Al centro di tale opera si staglia la progressiva elaborazione di ciò che il filosofo rubrica, al termine del suo Denkweg, sotto il titolo di soggetto ricettivo. Con tale concetto, a cui è intimamente legato quello di “dedizione”, Lask individua in una mera ricettività intuitiva il momento sorgivo e originario di ogni processo cognitivo; il solo (...) momento che rende possibile un accesso diretto all’oggetto trascendente. Ma come si realizza questo accesso? Qual è lo statuto di ciò che il filosofo nomina “dedizione”? L’insufficiente risposta a tali quesiti conduce il pensiero laskiano ad un esito aporetico, ossia alla riduzione della dedizione a momento ideale e alla conseguente riattivazione, in ambito conoscitivo, dell’inaggirabile distanza tra soggetto e oggetto. Ma, se in tale aporia è riconosciuto il limite del modello della conoscenza elaborato da Lask nel suo sistema maturo, non è comunque possibile occultare il decisivo contributo offerto dalla sua riflessione al problema gnoseologico: il superamento del coscienzialismo attraverso l’elaborazione di un soggetto concreto-ricettivo e, accanto a esso, di un peculiare realismo. Parole chiave : Emil Lask; Soggettività; Ricettività; Coscienza; Concreto/astratto Emil Lask. Subjectivity and Receptiveness: This paper intends to illuminate the problematic outcome of Lask’s redefinition of the concept of subjectivity. The main result of this operation is the elaboration of the notion of receptive subject. With this concept, strictly linked to the notion of Hingabe, Lask identifies the original element of every cognitive process in simple intuitive receptivity. Intuitive receptivity alone provides direct access to the transcendent object. But how is this access possible? What is the relation between the receptive-intuitive element of knowledge and predicative activity? What is the status of Hingabe? The insufficient answers to these questions lead the Lask’s thought to an aporetic outcome, namely, the reduction of Hingabe to an exclusively abstract and ideal receptivity, and consequently to the reactivation, in the theory of knowledge, of the distance between subject and object. However, while this distance marks the limit of the model of knowledge developed by Lask, the main contribuition of his thought remains valid: the overcoming of trascendental subjectivism through the elaboration of a concrete-receptive subject and of an original form of realism. Keywords : Emil Lask; Subjectivity; Receptivity; Consciousness; Concreteness/Abstractness. (shrink)

Zusammenfassung Dieser Aufsatz untersucht Emil Lasks kritische Auseinandersetzung mit der Philosophie Johann Gottlieb Fichtes, insbesondere bezüglich der Konzeptualisierung von Irrationalität und Realität im Rahmen der transzendentalen Philosophie. Lask interpretiert Fichtes Ansatz zu Wissen und Realität durch eine einzigartige Perspektive und vertritt die Ansicht, dass die Realität, obwohl sie jenseits des Wissens existiert, dieses von einer externen, doch integralen Perspektive aus formt. Diese Interaktion spiegelt eine fundamentale Irrationalität wider, die dem Ursprung des Wissens innewohnt und empirische Grenzen übersteigt. Der (...) Aufsatz hebt hervor, wie Fichte und Lask die traditionellen Grenzen des Rationalismus und Realismus herausfordern, indem sie ein dynamisches Zusammenspiel zwischen dem Rationalen und dem Irrationalen vorschlagen. Lasks Analyse belebt nicht nur Fichtes Ideen neu, sondern leistet auch einen bedeutenden Beitrag zur aktuellen Debatte über Realismus, indem sie für ein philosophisches Verständnis wirbt, das die nicht-empirischen Dimensionen der Realität und ihre wertgetriebenen Implikationen berücksichtigt. (shrink)

Il rapporto tra Emil Lask e il neocriticismo costituisce un significativo problema storiografico e teoretico. L'analisi della recezione neokantiana , delle indagini storiografiche e dei saggi teorici indica la difficoltà di una mera riconduzione della filosofia laskiana alla scuola del Baden, difficoltà determinata dalla revoca dell'istanza normativa della soggettività trascendentale, dall'interpretazione "oggettivistica" delle forme logiche e dall'affermazione del carattere derivato e secondario del giudizio.

En el presente artículo presentamos la filosofía trascendental de Emil Lask como el resultado de una mediación entre la teoría de los dos mundos de Platón y la revolución copernicana de Kant. Aprovechando el descubrimiento de Lotze según el cual los significados no son, sino valen, y ampliando el horizonte de la lógica más allá del ámbito del juicio, Lask elabora un platonismo (o aristotelismo) trascendental que le ubica en un punto medio entre el neokantismo y la (...) fenomenología. Su filosofía entremezcla el trascendentalismo kantiano con el objetivismo típico de la filosofía antigua. El resultado es un trascendentalismo del logos que abarca todos los ámbitos de significado, tanto judicativos, como pre-judicativos. (shrink)

Nous proposons de mener dans cet article un essai de comparaison des théories des catégories d’E. Lask et de C. I. Lewis. Nous mettrons en avant trois thèses kantiennes, qui sont autant de lieux de rencontre entre ces penseurs, et dessinent la structure topique de la théorie des catégories au début du xx e siècle. Selon ces thèses : (1) il ne saurait y avoir de connaissance ou d’objectivité sans que l’on postule l’applicabilité d’une ou de plusieurs catégories ; (...) (2) ce à quoi les catégories sont appliquées possède toujours un certain caractère d’immédiateté ; (3) l’intervention des catégories a pour fonction d’assurer la liaison des contenus immédiats. Dans le même temps, nous verrons que Lask et Lewis font chemin séparé sur des points décisifs, qui signent la divergence irréductible de l’inflexion pragmatiste et de l’inflexion logico-métaphysique apportées à la théorie des catégories par ces deux penseurs. (shrink)

The acquaintance with significant philosophical doctrines emerging in the West has been a systematic process in the leading Russian-language philosophical journals, collections of articles, monographs and translations. Practically all the most important Western philosophical doctrines have been subjected to scrutiny by Russian philosophers. One of the most vivid Neo-Kantian projects of the early twentieth century, Emil Lask’s Logic of Philosophy, has not gone unnoticed either. Reaction to Lask’s works were far from being homogeneous. His project received several (...) different evaluations, including the critical ones. The project was criticized for the unsolved ontological potential of philosophy, the dogmatic immobility of logic of philosophy, inconsistency of material–form relation, etc. The article considers the first reviews and critical assessments of Lask’s works in Russia as well as the texts of Russian religious philosophers and Russian Neo-Kantians which contain constructive criticism. The range of reviews allows us to reconstruct the reception of Lask’s ideas in Russia and provides a significant supplement to the overall picture of the reception of Neo-Kantianism in Russia. (shrink)

This article comes from reading a text by Theodor Kisiel on Heidegger's conceptual debt to Lask. From then on, in an attempt to explain this debt, we realized that it also extends to Ernst Cassirer. In this sense, we intend to highlight the interplay of rupture and continuity between these three authors. In doing so, we believe there is a proximity between Heidegger and Cassirer based on this common debt. We therefore argue that Lask's aggregating cut of judgment, (...) Heidegger's problem of being and Cassirer's philosophy of symbolic forms establish a relationship of “kinship”, but also of difference. This is my humble contribution to the study of German philosophy in Brazil. (shrink)

I tratti di discontinutà tra il pensiero di Emil Lask e la scuola del Baden si accentuano nella teoria del giudizio e negli scritti postumi. La rtegione del giudizio appare creata dalla soggettività che vi eserecità la sua attività convenzionale e strumentale, conseguendo esiti scettici. Nel Nachlass la soggettività interpretativa interrome la struttura conflittuale e autoconservativa della vita. Lask non approda alla costruzione di un’ontologia, ma rivendica l’universalità della razionalità kantiana nei confronti del relativismo e della filosofia (...) della vita. (shrink)

Emil Lask provides the bridge from Kant to phenomenology but also from Kant to Kyoto School philosophy. Heidegger and Nishida, contemporaneously but independently, took Lask's collapsing of Neo-Kantian hylomorphism in distinct directions. They accepted Lask's anti-subjectivism while moving beyond his object-centrism. Heidegger broadened Lask's notion of lived experience in the direction of the "horizon" explicated in terms of temporality. Nishida takes it in terms of a pre-objective "predicate,” indicative of the "place" wherein beings, objects, grammatical (...) subjects are implaced. Both assume "world" as contextual (back)ground. The essay thus examines Heidegger and Nishida in light of Lask as a common source. In the conclusion I also address a few other related issues surrounding their relationship to Neo-Kantianism and transcendental philosophy in general. (shrink)

Emil Lask’s transcendental philosophy is one of the first points of view that tries to evade the monistic inclinations of the transcendental philosophy. Lask sets as presupposition of the knowledge the “categorial differentiation”, a structure that is immanent to the relations between subject and object, knowledge and reality, “validity” and “existence”. This paper analyses this kind of “difference” – a “deviation ” or a “shift ” conceived beyond the contrast, in a non-oppositional way – and shows that (...) Lask is moving in a direction that anticipates “solutions” which are peculiar to the contemporary philosophy of difference. (shrink)