In this paper, we employ the unique qualified foreign institutional investors (QFII) scheme in China to investigate whether and how the different religious beliefs in the areas where foreign institutional shareholders from are associated with the corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance of domestic firms. After controlling for other determinants, we find robust evidence that firms with QFII investors from areas with stronger religious beliefs have better CSR performance than those that do not have these beliefs'. This association is more pronounced (...) when a QFII has a shorter holding period, has a relatively large ownership in the firm, or is a more committed investor in China. The above moderating results show that the stock preference may be a channel through which religious QFIIs affect firms’ CSR performance. Our paper contributes to the growing body of literature on CSR and on the effects of investors’ religious beliefs. It also offers useful guidance to listed companies, institutional investors, regulators, and other stakeholders. (shrink)

This year I visited Italy twice, at various times visiting some ten astrophysical research institutes in ten different cities. Since returning home, colleagues have been asking me about the state of astrophysics research in Italy, wanting to know especially about the ways in which Italy is more advanced than us, so that our own work can benefit from the comparison and example.

Arashiyama is the most beautiful spot in Kyoto. Cherry trees blossom there in spring, and in the autumn the maples display their fiery leaves. On the Great Weir River in front of the Moon Crossing Bridge, the water is pure, the mountain colors exquisite, the air still, and the clouds elemental. These can make one feel as if standing on the banks of the Fuchun River, near Donglu,1 and not in a strange land at all. Only the sea gulls that (...) have accidentally wandered up the river serve as reminders that one is not on ancestral soil at all, but on a foreign island. (shrink)

Fang Lizhi, member the Academic Committee of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and vice-president of the University of Science and Technology of China , on an invitation from the Chinese Press Association, gave a talk to the Beijing press corps entitled "Starting from Cosmology…." He also responded to questions from reporters about his views on reforms of the political structure.

本书包括王勃滕王阁序的写作时间及其他,略谈词的起源与产生时代,北宋中叶以前词的发展等内容.

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria has become a great threat to global public health. Tigecycline is a next‐generation tetracycline that is the final line of defense against severe infections by pan‐drug‐resistant bacterial pathogens. Unfortunately, this last‐resort antibiotic has been challenged by the recent emergence of the mobile Tet(X) orthologs that can confer high‐level tigecycline resistance. As it is reviewed here, these novel tetracycline destructases represent a growing threat to the next‐generation tetracyclines, and a basic framework for understanding the molecular epidemiology and (...) resistance mechanisms of them is presented. However, further large‐scale epidemiological and functional studies are urgently needed to better understand the prevalence and dissemination of these newly discovered Tet(X) orthologs among Gram‐negative bacteria in both human and veterinary medicine. (shrink)

History increasingly shows us that modern civilization owes much to the work of a few great physicists. The most representative of these are Newton and Galileo, the founders of classical dynamics, and Einstein, the founder of special and general relativity.

全书共收旧题鬼谷子撰的著作22篇,汇集了现存所有鬼谷子著述及托名鬼谷子的著述。并附录了各种珍本及秘本和历代学者对鬼谷子及其著述的记录和评价。.

本册内容为:“砍爷”的始祖、纵横家的教科书、鬼谷子纵横八术、鬼谷子门徒游说故事等。.

In late summer-early fall of 1983, some Italian theologian friends accompanied our group of twenty or so Chinese on a tour of Naples. One evening, our host led us hurriedly down the bustling Corso Umberto, turning into the dark St. Dominic's Cathedral. This Gothic structure, built during the Holy Roman Empire, has been damaged repeatedly over the ages; with its walls yellowed and its wooden doors blackened, it has long since lost its former lustre. In a ruined courtyard there was (...) still a thirteenth-century image of the Crucifixion. Our host excitedly turned to us and explained, "This is the place where Thomas Aquinas taught theology for half of his life." When he had finished talking, he waited for his guests to respond or ask questions, but most of our party were nonplused, for this name "Thomas Aquinas" was just too unfamiliar. (shrink)

I am quite unqualified to write prefaces for other people's books, particularly a book like the present devoted to the words of wiser people than myself. Yin and Zhang, two of the book's editors, were bent on getting me to write for them, I think perhaps because, influenced by what used to be the accepted thing, they felt they had to find a "youth" of less than fifty years of age to provide some "decoration"! But "decoration" is by no means (...) the method of a scientist. I would prefer to make use of the opportunity to frankly air an opinion. (shrink)

Cosmology is a field riddled with controversy. With regard to cosmology itself, there are several different schools of thought. Some think that there is basically no such thing as scientific cosmology, and that cosmology is just a pseudoscience. Or as the French physicist Brillouin put it, cosmology is "pure fantasy." A second school says that the value of cosmology is undeniable. Astronomical observations and measurements have already encountered large-scale problems, and these problems have an objective existence; they are not fabricated. (...) This school holds, however, that because at present observational results are still scant, we should therefore emphasize the accumulation of observations and the organization of data and speculate less about theories or models of the universe. Some observational astronomers hold this view. And then there are still other people who believe that we want not only to emphasize observational facts, but also to make a serious effort to analyze the underlying mechanisms. We should look not only at the universe of the present, but also explore cosmic evolution, developing our cosmology based on the mutual interplay of theory and observation. (shrink)

Today I'll be acting in my capacity as a scientist, in order to evaluate traditional Chinese culture from the perspective of modern cosmology. First let me briefly introduce cosmology.

Between the spring and summer of 1973, the "Gang of Four" began to interfere publicly with the field of astrophysics, launching a critique of modern cosmology under the lead of the Magazine of Natural Dialectics, which they directly controlled. All of modern astrophysical cosmology was proclaimed to be a "new theology," and those studying cosmological models were denounced for "letting their intellects run wild." An endless litany of transgressions was attributed to Big-Bang cosmology in various "criticisms" and "recriticisms."1 Pseudoscience masqueraded (...) as science; idealism went under the guise of materialism; metaphysics and sophistry posed as dialectics. Under this torrent of abuse the study of the universe became a crime, and anyone showing the slightest interest in or concern for cosmological questions could not be free of suspicion. This was a massive obstacle to the growth of modern astrophysical cosmology in our country. (shrink)

It has been said that certain scientific workers are not particularly interested in the fashionable topics of human potential studies, science of science, and futurology. I am one such worker.

第5卷内容是中国古代哲学发展史的前两部分:宇宙观与人生观, 书中着重就中国古代宇宙生成论, 本体论, 时空观, 常变观等九个重要哲学问题, 分别阐述其本末源流, 发展演变, 以及每个哲学问题的提出, 争辩与解决的历史过程.第6卷内容是中国古代哲学发展史的第三部分内容, 分三章对中国古代名实观, 知行观和真理观展开了历史与逻辑相统一的系统论述.

Anxiety disorders are more predominant in women than men, however there is a lack of understanding as to what neurocognitive mechanisms drive this sex difference. Recent investigation has found a potential moderating role of sex in the relationship between anxiety and the error related negativity —a component of error-monitoring that is prevalent in high anxiety individuals—such that females display a positive relationship between anxiety/worry and ERN amplitude. We strove to further explore the influence of sex on the relationship between trait (...) anxiety and performance monitoring, specifically with ERN, as well as extend this work to include another hallmark of anxiety, attentional bias to threat. To meet this end, participants performed the flanker and dot-probe tasks, respectively. We did not find a significant difference in the relationship between attention bias scores and anxiety for female vs. males participants. Furthermore, ΔERN amplitudes were greater in males compared to females, and males had more positive CRN amplitudes than females. There were no significant associations between ERN or ΔERN with anxiety in both male and female participants. However, there was a significant relationship between CRN amplitudes and trait anxiety in male but not female participants. Given these results, the effect of sex on the relationship between components of performance monitoring—namely the CRN and ERN—and anxiety may be more nuanced than the current understanding. Our study was limited to detecting medium to large sized moderation effects. Our findings may be important for future meta-analysis on sex differences in anxiety. (shrink)

A new approach to policy analysis is formulated within the framework of the graph model for conflict resolution. A policy is defined as a plan of action for a decision maker (DM) that specifies the DM’s intended action starting at every possible state in a graph model of a conflict. Given a profile of policies, a Policy Stable State (PSS) is a state that no DM moves away from (according to its policy), and such that no DM would prefer to (...) change its policy given the policies of the other DMs. The profile of policies associated to a PSS is called a Policy Equilibrium. Properties of PSSs are developed, and a refinement is suggested that restricts DMs to policies that are credible in that they are in the DM’s immediate interest. Relationships with existing stability definitions in the graph model for conflict resolution are then explored. (shrink)

After experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic, the status and mechanisms of leadership, and the challenges for medical workers in terms of family–work conflicts, have caused widespread concern. In the post-pandemic era, based on role theory and the stressor-detachment model, this paper seeks to break the “black box” of negative effects that can be caused by leadership, research the mechanism and boundary conditions of those negative effects, and explore factors to reduce those negative effects. We recruited 1,010 Chinese medical workers fighting COVID-19 (...) on the frontline. Our study results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between empowering leadership and work–family conflict, and this relationship was completely mediated by role stress, while psychological detachment moderated the relationship between role stress and work–family conflict. Moreover, psychological detachment moderated the mediating effect of empowering leadership on work–family conflict through role stress. Therefore, higher levels of psychological detachment were less conducive to medical workers' family–work conflict. This study has important theoretical significance and practical value for revealing the negative effects and mechanisms of empowering leadership and for medical workers to better deal with work–family relations. (shrink)