Results for 'Kevin Brosnan'

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  1. Do the evolutionary origins of our moral beliefs undermine moral knowledge?Kevin Brosnan - 2011 - Biology and Philosophy 26 (1):51-64.
    According to some recent arguments, if our moral beliefs are products of natural selection, then we do not have moral knowledge. In defense of this inference, its proponents argue that natural selection is a process that fails to track moral facts. In this paper, I argue that our having moral knowledge is consistent with, the hypothesis that our moral beliefs are products of natural selection, and the claim that natural selection fails to track moral facts. I also argue that natural (...)
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  2.  92
    Quasi-independence, fitness, and advantageousness.Kevin Brosnan - 2009 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 40 (3):228-234.
    I argue that the idea of ‘quasi-independence’ [Lewontin, R. C. . Adaptation. Scientific American, 239, 212–230] cannot be understood without attending to the distinction between fitness and advantageousness [Sober, E. . Philosophy of biology. Boulder: Westview Press]. Natural selection increases the frequency of fitter traits, not necessarily of advantageous ones. A positive correlation between an advantageous trait and a disadvantageous one may prevent the advantageous trait from evolving. The quasi-independence criterion is aimed at specifying the conditions under which advantageous traits (...)
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  3. Soul, body, and survival: essays on the metaphysics of human persons.Kevin Corcoran (ed.) - 2001 - Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
    This collection brings together cutting-edge research on the metaphysics of human nature and soul-body dualism.Kevin Corcoran's collection, Soul, Body, and ...
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  4.  86
    More on how and why: a response to commentaries.Kevin N. Laland, John Odling-Smee, William Hoppitt & Tobias Uller - 2013 - Biology and Philosophy 28 (5):793-810.
    We are grateful to the commentators for taking the time to respond to our article. Too many interesting and important points have been raised for us to tackle them all in this response, and so in the below we have sought to draw out the major themes. These include problems with both the term ‘ultimate causation’ and the proximate-ultimate causation dichotomy more generally, clarification of the meaning of reciprocal causation, discussion of issues related to the nature of development and phenotypic (...)
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  5.  42
    Rethinking Human Nature: A Christian Materialist Alternative to the Soul.Kevin Corcoran - 2006 - Grand Rapids: Mich.: Baker Academic.
    Presents a new way of looking at what it means to be human, offering a convincing case that humans are more than immaterial souls or "biological computers".
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  6. (1 other version)Bayesian Informal Logic and Fallacy.Kevin Korb - 2003 - Informal Logic 23 (1).
    Bayesian reasoning has been applied formally to statistical inference, machine learning and analysing scientific method. Here I apply it informally to more common forms of inference, namely natural language arguments. I analyse a variety of traditional fallacies, deductive, inductive and causal, and find more merit in them than is generally acknowledged. Bayesian principles provide a framework for understanding ordinary arguments which is well worth developing.
     
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  7.  45
    How Simplicity Helps You Find the Truth Without Pointing at it.Kevin T. Kelly - unknown
  8.  39
    Homos.Kevin Kopelson & Leo Bersani - 1996 - Substance 25 (1):120.
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  9. A New Causal Power Theory.Kevin B. Korb, Erik P. Nyberg & Lucas Hope - 2011 - In Phyllis McKay Illari Federica Russo, Causality in the Sciences. Oxford University Press.
     
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  10. Aparté: Conceptions and Deaths of Søren Kierkegaard.Sylviane Agacinski, Kevin Newmark, John Vignaux Smyth & John D. Caputo - 1991 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 29 (2):113-122.
     
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  11.  62
    Is there more than one Generation of Matter in the Enneads?Kevin Corrigan - 1986 - Phronesis 31 (1):167-181.
  12. Implications and consequences of robots with biological brains.Kevin Warwick - 2010 - Ethics and Information Technology 12 (3):223-234.
    In this paper a look is taken at the relatively new area of culturing neural tissue and embodying it in a mobile robot platform—essentially giving a robot a biological brain. Present technology and practice is discussed. New trends and the potential effects of and in this area are also indicated. This has a potential major impact with regard to society and ethical issues and hence some initial observations are made. Some initial issues are also considered with regard to the potential (...)
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  13.  62
    The Collapse of Collective Defeat: Lessons from the Lottery Paradox.Kevin B. Korb - 1992 - PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1992:230-236.
    The Lottery Paradox has been thought to provide a reductio argument against probabilistic accounts of inductive inference. As a result, much work in artificial intelligence has concentrated on qualitative methods of inference, including default logics, which are intended to model some varieties of inductive inference. It has recently been shown that the paradox can be generated within qualitative default logics. However, John Pollock's qualitative system of defeasible inference, does avoid the Lottery Paradox by incorporating a rule designed specifically for that (...)
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  14.  46
    A Natural History of Mathematics: George Peacock and the Making of English Algebra.Kevin Lambert - 2013 - Isis 104 (2):278-302.
    ABSTRACT In a series of papers read to the Cambridge Philosophical Society through the 1820s, the Cambridge mathematician George Peacock laid the foundation for a natural history of arithmetic that would tell a story of human progress from counting to modern arithmetic. The trajectory of that history, Peacock argued, established algebraic analysis as a form of universal reasoning that used empirically warranted operations of mind to think with symbols on paper. The science of counting would suggest arithmetic, arithmetic would suggest (...)
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  15.  65
    Effects of lying in practical Turing tests.Kevin Warwick & Huma Shah - 2016 - AI and Society 31 (1):5-15.
  16.  32
    Undecidability and opacity of metacognition in animals and humans.Kevin B. Clark & Derrick L. Hassert - 2013 - Frontiers in Psychology 4.
  17.  73
    Reichenbach, induction, and discovery.Kevin T. Kelly - 1991 - Erkenntnis 35 (1-3):123 - 149.
    I have applied a fairly general, learning theoretic perspective to some questions raised by Reichenbach's positions on induction and discovery. This is appropriate in an examination of the significance of Reichenbach's work, since the learning-theoretic perspective is to some degree part of Reichenbach's reliabilist legacy. I have argued that Reichenbach's positivism and his infatuation with probabilities are both irrelevant to his views on induction, which are principally grounded in the notion of limiting reliability. I have suggested that limiting reliability is (...)
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  18.  20
    Digital life, a theory of minds, and mapping human and machine cultural universals.Kevin B. Clark - 2020 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 43:e98.
    Emerging cybertechnologies, such as social digibots, bend epistemological conventions of life and culture already complicated by human and animal relationships. Virtually-augmented niches of machines and organic life promise new free-energy-governed selection of intelligent digital life. These provocative eco-evolutionary contexts demand a theory of (natural and artificial) minds to characterize and validate the immersive social phenomena universally-shaping cultural affordances.
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  19.  51
    Probabilistic causal structure.Kevin B. Korb - 1999 - In Howard Sankey, Causation and Laws of Nature. Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 265--311.
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  20.  38
    Propositions and Pragmatics.Kevin P. Weinfurt - 2018 - American Journal of Bioethics 18 (9):18-20.
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  21.  18
    Light and Metaphor in Plotinus and St. Thomas Aquinas.Kevin Corrigan - 1993 - The Thomist 57 (2):187-199.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:LIGHT AND METAPHOR IN PLOTINUS AND ST. THOMAS AQUINAS KEVIN CORRIGAN St. Thomas More College University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, Saskatchewan I HAVE TWO CONCERNS in this paper. The first is a broad concern, related to the nature of metaphor, which stems from the destructionist or deconstructionist tendencies in some contemporary phenomenology or phenomenological existentialism. According to these views, the logocentric emphasis of the Western tradition must be shown (...)
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  22.  36
    The Concept of Progress in Wittgenstein’s Thought.Kevin Cahill - 2006 - Review of Metaphysics 60 (1):71-100.
  23.  53
    An undecidable problem in finite combinatorics.Kevin J. Compton - 1984 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 49 (3):842-850.
  24.  28
    Wittgenstein and Naturalism.Kevin M. Cahill & Thomas Raleigh (eds.) - 2017 - New York: Routledge.
    Wittgenstein was centrally concerned with the puzzling nature of the mind, mathematics, morality and modality. He also developed innovative views about the status and methodology of philosophy and was explicitly opposed to crudely "scientistic" worldviews. His later thought has thus often been understood as elaborating a nuanced form of naturalism appealing to such notions as "form of life", "primitive reactions", "natural history", "general facts of nature" and "common behaviour of mankind". And yet, Wittgenstein is strangely absent from much of the (...)
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  25. The power of intervention.Kevin B. Korb & Erik Nyberg - 2006 - Minds and Machines 16 (3):289-302.
    We further develop the mathematical theory of causal interventions, extending earlier results of Korb, Twardy, Handfield, & Oppy, (2005) and Spirtes, Glymour, Scheines (2000). Some of the skepticism surrounding causal discovery has concerned the fact that using only observational data can radically underdetermine the best explanatory causal model, with the true causal model appearing inferior to a simpler, faithful model (cf. Cartwright, (2001). Our results show that experimental data, together with some plausible assumptions, can reduce the space of viable explanatory (...)
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  26.  46
    Bildung and decline.Kevin M. Cahill - 2008 - Philosophical Investigations 32 (1):23-43.
    My point of departure is the idea that Wittgenstein's work, especially his later work with its explicit emphasis on practices, seeks to engage a reader who is likely to come to philosophy with a certain cast of mind that includes unexamined commitments from a particular cultural context. I show how a substantial number of remarks by Wittgenstein in which he addresses cultural topics bring out the importance of the quite specific connections he saw between the philosophical problems with which he (...)
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  27.  22
    A Model to Be Emulated.Kevin P. Weinfurt - 2020 - American Journal of Bioethics 20 (5):18-20.
    Volume 20, Issue 5, June 2020, Page 18-20.
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  28.  13
    Acknowledgments.Kevin Corcoran - 2001 - In Soul, body, and survival: essays on the metaphysics of human persons. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
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  29.  37
    Metaphors we teach by: An embodied cognitive analysis of No Child Left Behind.Kevin M. Clark & Donald J. Cunningham - 2006 - Semiotica 2006 (161):265-289.
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  30. Ethics and the tractatus: A resolute failure.Kevin Cahill - 2004 - Philosophy 79 (1):33-55.
    The paper assumes for its starting point the basic correctness of the so-called “resolute” reading of Wittgenstein's Tractatus, a reading first developed by Cora Diamond and James Conant. The main part of the paper concerns the consequences this interpretation will have for our understanding of Wittgenstein's well-known remark in a letter to a prospective publisher that the point or aim of his book was an ethical one. I first give a sketch of what, given the committments of the resolute reading, (...)
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  31.  81
    The Distinction between Being and Essence according to Boethius, Avicenna, and William of Auvergne.Kevin J. Caster - 1996 - Modern Schoolman 73 (4):309-332.
  32.  88
    The Particularities of Legitimacy: John Simmons on Political Obligation.Kevin Walton - 2013 - Ratio Juris 26 (1):1-15.
    In this paper, I examine the terms on which John Simmons rejects all arguments for a moral obligation to obey the law and so defends “philosophical anarchism.” Although I accept his rejection of several criteria on which others might and often do insist, I criticize his reliance on the conditions of “generality” and “particularity.” In doing so, I propose an alternative to his influential conception of legitimacy.
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  33.  63
    Efficient convergence implies ockham's razor.Kevin Kelly - 2002 - Proceedings of the 2002 International Workshop on Computational Models of Scientific Reasoning and Applications.
    A finite data set is consistent with infinitely many alternative theories. Scientific realists recommend that we prefer the simplest one. Anti-realists ask how a fixed simplicity bias could track the truth when the truth might be complex. It is no solution to impose a prior probability distribution biased toward simplicity, for such a distribution merely embodies the bias at issue without explaining its efficacy. In this note, I argue, on the basis of computational learning theory, that a fixed simplicity bias (...)
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  34.  26
    Community gardens and the making of organic subjects: a case study from the Peruvian Andes.Kevin Cody - 2019 - Agriculture and Human Values 36 (1):105-116.
    This research contributes to emergent theories on subject formation by showing how community garden participants in a small rural town in Northern Peru came to embrace a set of ideas and practices related to organic agriculture. Most CG scholarship describes the myriad benefits for participants and their communities, as well as individuals’ motivations for wanting to grow their own food. Relatively little research has explored how various kinds of gardens and their organizers produce subjects. Drawing from scholarship on community gardens (...)
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  35.  50
    Quietism or Description? McDowell in Dispute with Dreyfus.Kevin M. Cahill - 2014 - Review of Metaphysics 68 (2):395-409.
    This paper concerns the widely discussed exchange between Hubert Dreyfus and John McDowell that took place a few years back. The author first provides a brief sketch of how McDowell’s practice of philosophy for the last twenty or so years is best described as “quietist” in the spirit of the later Wittgenstein. Next, he shows that this exchange with Dreyfus is best understood as carried on largely in this spirit as well, even though McDowell somewhat inexplicably fails to acknowledge this (...)
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  36.  34
    Wittgenstein and the Fate of Metaphysics.Kevin Cahill - 2008 - SATS 9 (2):61-73.
  37.  41
    Hierarchies and tool-using strategies.Kevin J. Connolly & Edison de J. Manoel - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (4):554-555.
  38.  32
    Possible origins of consciousness in simple control over “involuntary” neuroimmunological action.Kevin B. Clark - 2018 - Consciousness and Cognition 61:76-78.
  39.  12
    Problem Spaces in Real-World Science: What are They and How Do Scientists Search Them?Lisa M. Baker & Kevin Dunbar - 1996 - In Garrison W. Cottrell, Proceedings of the Eighteenth Annual Conference of The Cognitive Science Society. Lawrence Erlbaum. pp. 21--22.
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  40.  8
    On the Virtues.Jean Capreolus, Kevin White & Romanus Cessario - 2001 - CUA Press.
    The selection from Capreolus's work represented in this translation shows him defending Aquinas's conclusions on faith, hope, charity, the gifts of the Holy Spirit, and the virtues against such adversaries.
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  41.  19
    Education and Conversation: Exploring Oakeshott's Legacy.Kevin Williams - 2017 - Educational Theory 67 (3):327-335.
  42.  57
    Modern languages in the school curriculum: A philosophical view.Kevin Williams - 1991 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 25 (2):247–258.
    This article is based on an analysis of two types of argument, called utilitarian and educational respectively, which are commonly used to justify the teaching of modern/foreign languages in schools. Serious flaws are identified in the utilitarian arguments often employed to defend the teaching of modern languages and different educational arguments which might be offered as justification for their inclusion in the school curriculum are distinguished and appraised. The paper concludes with a consideration of the implications of the foregoing analysis (...)
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  43.  26
    Presburger arithmetic, rational generating functions, and quasi-polynomials.Kevin Woods - 2015 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 80 (2):433-449.
    Presburger arithmetic is the first-order theory of the natural numbers with addition. We characterize sets that can be defined by a Presburger formula as exactly the sets whose characteristic functions can be represented by rational generating functions; a geometric characterization of such sets is also given. In addition, ifp= are a subset of the free variables in a Presburger formula, we can define a counting functiong to be the number of solutions to the formula, for a givenp. We show that (...)
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  44.  8
    Reason, faith and otherness in neoplatonic and early Christian thought.Kevin Corrigan - 2013 - Farnham: Ashgate.
    This book brings together a selection of Kevin Corrigan's works published over the course of some 27 years. Its predominant theme is the encounter with otherness in ancient, medieval and modern thought and it ranges in scope from the Presocratics through Plato, Aristotle, Plotinus and the late ancient period, on the one hand, and early Christian thought, especially Gregory of Nyssa, Augustine and, much later, Aquinas, on the other.
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  45.  31
    Ethics in the Intensive Care Unit: a Need for Research.Kevin Kendrick & Bev Cubbin - 1996 - Nursing Ethics 3 (2):157-164.
    Intensive care units are challenging and technologically advanced environments. Dealing with situations that have an ethical dimension is an intrinsic part of working in such a milieu. When a moral dilemma emerges, it can cause anxiety and unease for all staff involved with it. Theoretical and abstract papers reveal that having to confront situations of ethical difficulty is a contributory factor to levels of poor morale and burnout among critical care staff. Despite this, there is a surprising dearth of published (...)
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  46.  53
    "the Doctor Quarrels With Some Pictures": Exegesis And Animals In Thomas Browne's Pseudodoxia Epidemica.Kevin Killeen - 2007 - Early Science and Medicine 12 (1):1-27.
    This essay explores Thomas Browne's Pseudodoxia epidemica, with its lengthy book on 'errors' in animal lore. In the limited critical literature on Browne's natural history, this author is generally seen as stumbling towards a zoological idiom and clearing away the emblematic 'clutter' of earlier writers on natural history—Gesner, Aldrovandi, Topsell or Franzius. This essay proposes that Browne is working with a more complex set of co-ordinates in his thought, beyond his experimental inclinations and his Aristotelian assumptions. It will explore the (...)
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  47. A cognitive neuroscience framework for understanding causal reasoning and the law.Jonathan Fugelsang & Dunbar & Kevin - 2006 - In Semir Zeki & Oliver Goodenough, Law and the Brain. Oxford University Press.
     
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  48. A Bayesian metric for evaluating machine learning algorithms.Lucas Hope & Kevin Korb - unknown
     
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  49.  22
    When Did Svatantra Inference Gain Its Autonomy? Śāntarakṣita and Kamalaśīla as Sources for a Tibetan Distinction.Kevin Vose - 2020 - Journal of Indian Philosophy 48 (4):703-750.
    This article examines Śāntarakṣita’s and Kamalaśīla’s understandings of svatantra and prasaṅga proofs in the attempt to clarify how and why Tibetan Prāsaṅgikas came to portray svatantra inference as an instance of the very thing Madhyamaka rejects. The article proceeds in four parts. A brief comparison of Patsap Nyimadrak’s portrayal of svatantra inference with Bhāviveka’s and Candrakīrti’s employment of this expression shows that Patsap expanded the meaning of it, charging its users with embracing a realism at odds with Madhyamaka emptiness. Patsap’s (...)
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  50.  35
    Patient Autonomy and the Unfortunate Choice between Repatriation and Suboptimal Treatment.Kevin Wack & Toby Schonfeld - 2012 - American Journal of Bioethics 12 (9):6-7.
    The American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 12, Issue 9, Page 6-7, September 2012.
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