Results for 'Kevin Brosnan'

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  1. Do the evolutionary origins of our moral beliefs undermine moral knowledge?Kevin Brosnan - 2011 - Biology and Philosophy 26 (1):51-64.
    According to some recent arguments, if our moral beliefs are products of natural selection, then we do not have moral knowledge. In defense of this inference, its proponents argue that natural selection is a process that fails to track moral facts. In this paper, I argue that our having moral knowledge is consistent with, the hypothesis that our moral beliefs are products of natural selection, and the claim that natural selection fails to track moral facts. I also argue that natural (...)
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  2.  92
    Quasi-independence, fitness, and advantageousness.Kevin Brosnan - 2009 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 40 (3):228-234.
    I argue that the idea of ‘quasi-independence’ [Lewontin, R. C. . Adaptation. Scientific American, 239, 212–230] cannot be understood without attending to the distinction between fitness and advantageousness [Sober, E. . Philosophy of biology. Boulder: Westview Press]. Natural selection increases the frequency of fitter traits, not necessarily of advantageous ones. A positive correlation between an advantageous trait and a disadvantageous one may prevent the advantageous trait from evolving. The quasi-independence criterion is aimed at specifying the conditions under which advantageous traits (...)
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  3. (1 other version)Bayesian Informal Logic and Fallacy.Kevin Korb - 2003 - Informal Logic 23 (1).
    Bayesian reasoning has been applied formally to statistical inference, machine learning and analysing scientific method. Here I apply it informally to more common forms of inference, namely natural language arguments. I analyse a variety of traditional fallacies, deductive, inductive and causal, and find more merit in them than is generally acknowledged. Bayesian principles provide a framework for understanding ordinary arguments which is well worth developing.
     
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  4.  39
    Homos.Kevin Kopelson & Leo Bersani - 1996 - Substance 25 (1):120.
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  5. A New Causal Power Theory.Kevin B. Korb, Erik P. Nyberg & Lucas Hope - 2011 - In Phyllis McKay Illari Federica Russo, Causality in the Sciences. Oxford University Press.
     
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  6.  96
    Ockham's razor, empirical complexity, and truth-finding efficiency.Kevin Kelly - 2007 - Theoretical Computer Science 383:270-289.
  7. What is Scientific Knowledge?: An Introduction to Contemporary Epistemology of Science.Kevin McCain (ed.) - 2019 - New York: Routledge.
    What Is Scientific Knowledge? is a much-needed collection of introductory-level chapters on the epistemology of science. Renowned historians, philosophers, science educators, and cognitive scientists have authored 19 original contributions specifically for this volume. The chapters, accessible for students in both philosophy and the sciences, serve as helpful introductions to the primary debates surrounding scientific knowledge.First-year undergraduates can readily understand the variety of discussions in the volume, and yet advanced students and scholars will encounter chapters rich enough to engage their many (...)
  8.  62
    Is there more than one Generation of Matter in the Enneads?Kevin Corrigan - 1986 - Phronesis 31 (1):167-181.
  9.  62
    The Collapse of Collective Defeat: Lessons from the Lottery Paradox.Kevin B. Korb - 1992 - PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1992:230-236.
    The Lottery Paradox has been thought to provide a reductio argument against probabilistic accounts of inductive inference. As a result, much work in artificial intelligence has concentrated on qualitative methods of inference, including default logics, which are intended to model some varieties of inductive inference. It has recently been shown that the paradox can be generated within qualitative default logics. However, John Pollock's qualitative system of defeasible inference, does avoid the Lottery Paradox by incorporating a rule designed specifically for that (...)
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  10. Aparté: Conceptions and Deaths of Søren Kierkegaard.Sylviane Agacinski, Kevin Newmark, John Vignaux Smyth & John D. Caputo - 1991 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 29 (2):113-122.
     
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  11. Explanation and evidence.Kevin McCain & Ted Poston - 2023 - In Maria Lasonen-Aarnio & Clayton Littlejohn, The Routledge Handbook of the Philosophy of Evidence. New York, NY: Routledge.
    Explanation and evidence are related in one way that is uncontroversial: evidence can confirm or disconfirm explanations. One explanation of Sally’s cold is that she has a virus; another is that she has a bacterial infection. The available evidence confirms the virus explanation because the evidence supports that colds are caused by viruses, not bacteria. A more interesting question concerns whether explanatory facts themselves provide evidence. That is to say, do we get evidence for p simply by realizing that p, (...)
     
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  12.  73
    Reichenbach, induction, and discovery.Kevin T. Kelly - 1991 - Erkenntnis 35 (1-3):123 - 149.
    I have applied a fairly general, learning theoretic perspective to some questions raised by Reichenbach's positions on induction and discovery. This is appropriate in an examination of the significance of Reichenbach's work, since the learning-theoretic perspective is to some degree part of Reichenbach's reliabilist legacy. I have argued that Reichenbach's positivism and his infatuation with probabilities are both irrelevant to his views on induction, which are principally grounded in the notion of limiting reliability. I have suggested that limiting reliability is (...)
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  13.  51
    Probabilistic causal structure.Kevin B. Korb - 1999 - In Howard Sankey, Causation and Laws of Nature. Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 265--311.
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  14.  19
    Predatory War, Drones and Torture: Remapping the Body in Pain.Kevin McSorley - 2019 - Body and Society 25 (3):73-99.
    Elaine Scarry argues in The Body in Pain that war is a vast and reciprocal swearing on the body, with corporeality key not only to its brutal prosecution but also to the eventual ending of the political ‘crisis of substantiation’ that war entails. However, her work has not been extensively explored with reference to significant transformations in the embodied experiences of contemporary warfare. This article thus analyses a particular articulation of late modern warfare that I term predatory war, whose current (...)
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  15.  15
    Hume's radical scepticism and the fate of naturalized epistemology.Kevin Meeker - 2013 - New York, NY: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    Was David Hume radically sceptical about our attempts to understand the world or was he merely approaching philosophical problems from a scientific perspective? Most philosophers today believe that Hume's outlook was more scientific than radically sceptical and that his scepticism was more limited than previously supposed. If these philosophers are correct, then Hume's approach to philosophy mirrors the approach of many contemporary philosophers. This similarity between Hume and many aspects of contemporary philosophy suggests that we should try to understand Hume (...)
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  16. The power of intervention.Kevin B. Korb & Erik Nyberg - 2006 - Minds and Machines 16 (3):289-302.
    We further develop the mathematical theory of causal interventions, extending earlier results of Korb, Twardy, Handfield, & Oppy, (2005) and Spirtes, Glymour, Scheines (2000). Some of the skepticism surrounding causal discovery has concerned the fact that using only observational data can radically underdetermine the best explanatory causal model, with the true causal model appearing inferior to a simpler, faithful model (cf. Cartwright, (2001). Our results show that experimental data, together with some plausible assumptions, can reduce the space of viable explanatory (...)
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  17.  38
    Propositions and Pragmatics.Kevin P. Weinfurt - 2018 - American Journal of Bioethics 18 (9):18-20.
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  18.  37
    Metaphors we teach by: An embodied cognitive analysis of No Child Left Behind.Kevin M. Clark & Donald J. Cunningham - 2006 - Semiotica 2006 (161):265-289.
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  19.  22
    A Model to Be Emulated.Kevin P. Weinfurt - 2020 - American Journal of Bioethics 20 (5):18-20.
    Volume 20, Issue 5, June 2020, Page 18-20.
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  20.  12
    Problem Spaces in Real-World Science: What are They and How Do Scientists Search Them?Lisa M. Baker & Kevin Dunbar - 1996 - In Garrison W. Cottrell, Proceedings of the Eighteenth Annual Conference of The Cognitive Science Society. Lawrence Erlbaum. pp. 21--22.
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  21.  8
    On the Virtues.Jean Capreolus, Kevin White & Romanus Cessario - 2001 - CUA Press.
    The selection from Capreolus's work represented in this translation shows him defending Aquinas's conclusions on faith, hope, charity, the gifts of the Holy Spirit, and the virtues against such adversaries.
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  22.  46
    Environmental Trolley Problems and Ethical Assumptions in the Geoengineering Debate.Kevin Meeker - 2018 - Ethics, Policy and Environment 21 (2):178-180.
    Stephen Gardiner and Augustin Fragnière offer a thorough critique of the Oxford Principles meant to govern geoenegineering in their paper ‘The tollgate principles for the governance...
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  23.  31
    Ethics in the Intensive Care Unit: a Need for Research.Kevin Kendrick & Bev Cubbin - 1996 - Nursing Ethics 3 (2):157-164.
    Intensive care units are challenging and technologically advanced environments. Dealing with situations that have an ethical dimension is an intrinsic part of working in such a milieu. When a moral dilemma emerges, it can cause anxiety and unease for all staff involved with it. Theoretical and abstract papers reveal that having to confront situations of ethical difficulty is a contributory factor to levels of poor morale and burnout among critical care staff. Despite this, there is a surprising dearth of published (...)
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  24.  53
    "the Doctor Quarrels With Some Pictures": Exegesis And Animals In Thomas Browne's Pseudodoxia Epidemica.Kevin Killeen - 2007 - Early Science and Medicine 12 (1):1-27.
    This essay explores Thomas Browne's Pseudodoxia epidemica, with its lengthy book on 'errors' in animal lore. In the limited critical literature on Browne's natural history, this author is generally seen as stumbling towards a zoological idiom and clearing away the emblematic 'clutter' of earlier writers on natural history—Gesner, Aldrovandi, Topsell or Franzius. This essay proposes that Browne is working with a more complex set of co-ordinates in his thought, beyond his experimental inclinations and his Aristotelian assumptions. It will explore the (...)
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  25. A cognitive neuroscience framework for understanding causal reasoning and the law.Jonathan Fugelsang & Dunbar & Kevin - 2006 - In Semir Zeki & Oliver Goodenough, Law and the Brain. Oxford University Press.
     
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  26. A Bayesian metric for evaluating machine learning algorithms.Lucas Hope & Kevin Korb - unknown
     
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  27.  49
    Global Justice and the New Regulatory Regime.Kevin W. Gray & Kafumu Kalyalya - 2015 - Les ateliers de l'éthique/The Ethics Forum 10 (2):122-138.
    Kevin Gray,Kafumu Kalyalya | : In this paper we challenge the role of consent in the global order by discussing current modes of international law making in the global order. We contend that the features of state consent in international law depart substantially from those assumed by theorists of the liberal order, who subscribe, in most cases, to the realist conception of state action. We argue, against those theorists, that state consents to coercive measures, and the state’s role in (...)
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  28.  9
    What morality means: an interdisciplinary synthesis for the social sciences.Kevin J. McCaffree - 2015 - New York, NY: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    Toward an integrative theory of morality -- The origins of morality -- Perceptual partitioning in human history -- The cognitive and interactional structure of morality -- Subjective morality as an area of social scientific inquiry -- Reiterations.
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  29. Appearances and the Problem of Stored Beliefs.Kevin McCain & Scott Stapleford - 2023 - In Kevin McCain, Scott Stapleford & Matthias Steup, Seemings: New Arguments, New Angles. New York, NY: Routledge. pp. 63–74.
    Internalist theories of epistemic justification supposedly have trouble explaining what justifies beliefs that are both stored in memory and currently out of mind. This is the problem of stored beliefs. This chapter provides a preliminary defence of stored/dispositional appearances and suggests that they provide a straightforward solution to the problem of stored beliefs.
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  30.  1
    Interview with Alan Fiske for Theory and Society.Kevin McCaffree - 2024 - Theory and Society 53 (6):1473-1490.
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  31.  19
    Towards an integrative sociological theory of empathy.Kevin McCaffree - 2020 - European Journal of Social Theory 23 (4):550-570.
    Sociological theories of morality have grown in prevalence over the last decade and a half. These theories often focus on developing single concepts such as identity, reputation or emotion, or they provide sweeping historical accounts. Such theories often also take the construct of empathy for granted, as an inevitable consequence of morality. Here, I present a mechanistic theory of empathy which operates at multiple levels of analysis. The approach offered can help frame particular topics in the sociology of morality, though (...)
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  32.  8
    Who Is Raistlin Majere?Kevin McCain - 2014 - In William Irwin & Christopher Robichaud, Dungeons & Dragons and Philosophy. Malden: Wiley. pp. 132–144.
    Dungeons Dragons is full of great heroes and villains. The many worlds of the DD multiverse are overflowing with them – from heroes such as the twin‐scimitar‐wielding drow Drizzt Do'Urden and the self‐sacrificing knight Sturm Brightblade to villains such as the lord of Barovia, the vampire Count Strahd Von Zorovich, Vecna, the lich who rose to demi‐godhood, and countless others. However, there is one that stands above all others. It is the Master of Past and Present, Raistlin Majere. This chapter (...)
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  33.  27
    Aquinas and Hare on Fanaticism.Kevin McDonnell - 1974 - Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association 48:218-227.
  34. Alain Touraine's Sociology of the Subject.Kevin McDonald - 1994 - Thesis Eleven 38 (1):46-60.
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  35.  13
    (1 other version)Film theory: the basics.Kevin McDonald - 2016 - New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
    Introduction -- Theory before theory, 1915-1960 -- French theory, 1949-1968 -- Screen theory, 1969-1996 -- Post-theory, 1996-2015 -- Summary.
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  36.  11
    Thinking about Autism and Education.Kevin McDonough - 2016 - Philosophy of Education 72:426-428.
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  37.  18
    The Status Quaestionis of Ecumenism.Kevin McDonald - forthcoming - New Blackfriars.
    In 2016 Pope Francis went to Lund in Sweden for a joint service with the Lutherans to begin the events marking the 500th anniversary of the Reformation. Catholics have also been involved in conferences and other events that have been organized as part of this anniversary. The context and background to the Catholic Church's involvement is the Church's commitment to ecumenical dialogue made at the Second Vatican Council. The theological basis for that commitment is to be found in the Second (...)
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  38.  14
    Unreasonable Views of Citizenship Education.Kevin McDonough - 2010 - Philosophy of Education 66:393-396.
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  39. The fangs behind the mask : everyday life in wartime Chechnya.Kevin McSorley - 2015 - In Christine Sylvester, Masquerades of war. London: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
     
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  40. Introduction “Well, I'm Afraid It's About to Happen Again”.Robert Arp & Kevin S. Decker - 2013 - In Robert Arp & Kevin S. Decker, The Ultimate South Park and Philosophy: Respect My Philosophah! Wiley.
     
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  41. A new definition of creativity.Alan Dorin & Kevin Korb - unknown
  42.  30
    A primer for health care ethics: essays for a pluralistic society.Kevin D. O'Rourke (ed.) - 2000 - Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
    From Harry and Louise through the McCaughey septuplets, this book explains stories and issues in health care ethics that have appeared in the news media.
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  43.  59
    Letters to the Editor.Barbara Paul-Emile, Kevin Anderson & Gordon M. Charles - 1992 - CLR James Journal 3 (1):2-3.
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  44. Theorie und Trieb. Rug, Reinhild und Mulligan & Kevin - 1986 - In Reinhard Fabian, Christian von Ehrenfels: Leben und Werk. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
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  45.  27
    Beyond the “STEM Pipeline”: Expertise, Careers, and Lifelong Learning.John D. Skrentny & Kevin Lewis - 2022 - Minerva 60 (1):1-28.
    Studies of education and careers in science, technology, engineering, and math commonly use a pipeline metaphor to conceptualize forward movement and persistence. However, the “STEM pipeline” carries implicit assumptions regarding length, contents, and perceived purpose. Using the National Survey of College Graduates, we empirically measure each of these dimensions. First, we show that a majority of STEM workers report skills training throughout their careers, suggesting no clear demarcation between education and work. Second, we show that using on-the-job expertise requirements paints (...)
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  46.  57
    Modern languages in the school curriculum: A philosophical view.Kevin Williams - 1991 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 25 (2):247–258.
    This article is based on an analysis of two types of argument, called utilitarian and educational respectively, which are commonly used to justify the teaching of modern/foreign languages in schools. Serious flaws are identified in the utilitarian arguments often employed to defend the teaching of modern languages and different educational arguments which might be offered as justification for their inclusion in the school curriculum are distinguished and appraised. The paper concludes with a consideration of the implications of the foregoing analysis (...)
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  47.  26
    Presburger arithmetic, rational generating functions, and quasi-polynomials.Kevin Woods - 2015 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 80 (2):433-449.
    Presburger arithmetic is the first-order theory of the natural numbers with addition. We characterize sets that can be defined by a Presburger formula as exactly the sets whose characteristic functions can be represented by rational generating functions; a geometric characterization of such sets is also given. In addition, ifp= are a subset of the free variables in a Presburger formula, we can define a counting functiong to be the number of solutions to the formula, for a givenp. We show that (...)
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  48. Complexity and the rise of distributed control in operations management.Arash Azadegan & Kevin J. Dooley - 2011 - In Peter Allen, Steve Maguire & Bill McKelvey, The Sage Handbook of Complexity and Management. Sage Publications. pp. 418--435.
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  49.  19
    Variations on Truth: Approaches in Contemporary Phenomenology.Pol Vandevelde & Kevin Hermberg (eds.) - 2011 - Continuum.
    Bringing together leading scholars from across the world, this is a comprehensive survey of the latest phenomenological research into the perennial philosophical problem of ‘truth'.Starting with an historical introduction chronicling the variations on truth at play in the Phenomenological tradition, the book explores how Husserl's methodology equips us with the tools to thoroughly explore notions of truth, reality and knowledge. From these foundations, the book goes on to explore and extend the range of approaches that contemporary phenomenological research opens up (...)
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  50.  55
    On orbits, of prompt and low computably enumerable sets.Kevin Wald - 2002 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 67 (2):649-678.
    This paper concerns automorphisms of the computably enumerable sets. We prove two results relating semilow sets and prompt degrees via automorphisms, one of which is complementary to a recent result of Downey and Harrington. We also show that the property of effective simplicity is not invariant under automorphism, and that in fact every promptly simple set is automorphic to an effectively simple set. A major technique used in these proofs is a modification of the Harrington-Soare version of the method of (...)
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