For centuries medical schools in Britain and elsewhere had a fairly static curriculum based on what might be called the 'three Rs' of medicine, and consequently had to make room for new subjects as the need arose in a fashion which was sometimes makeshift. However, Southampton University has only had a medical school for six years, and therefore their course on medical ethics and legal medicine was carefully integrated into the curriculum after some preliminary experiments carried out by a subcommittee (...) which is continually reviewing the situation. Medical ethics has now a definite place in the fourth year, preceded by an introduction to ethical problems encountered in medicine in the first year. Not only do members of the medical faculty participate in this teaching but also members of the faculties of law and the arts. (shrink)

Whereas Euripides’ proclivity for manipulating audience expectations has been well-documented, with the exception of his use of silent characters, Aeschylus’ has not received the same attention. In this article, I focus on the portrayal of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra in Agamemnon and argue that Aeschylus uses his characters to play with tradition, to manipulate expectations, to generate suspense through deliberate ambiguity, and to orchestrate shocking revelations. I pay particular attention to how Aeschylus achieves these effects and attempt to demonstrate in Agamemnon (...) a more sophisticated approach to character-drawing than has previously been recognized in Aeschylus. (shrink)

Upshot: The reader presents a unique collection of the most important works in biosemiotics. It spans 880 pages, describing classical and modern theories, with excerpts from the most significant papers on the topic of biosemiotics, as well as suggesting further reading on the topic.

Men have been talking of death from time immemorial - sometimes sublimely in prose and poetry, in painting and sculpture and in music - till silence seemed to fall in the recent past. Now men are again talking about death - interminably but colloquially. They talk on television, on the radio, in books and in pamphlets. Dr Kenneth Boyd therefore finds it entirely timely to offer this historical sketch of attitudes to death. The earlier part of his paper covers fairly (...) familiar ground but his final and longest section on the work of a social historian, Philippe Ariès, may be new to many. Ariès is reinterpreting the long history of attitudes to death in a form which may well interest those who today are concerned with helping modern man to accept his own death - death which still, for most people, is the death of another, not of oneself. (shrink)

Incongruity and anachronism characterize Ovid's treatment of the gods and mythological figures in the Metamorphoses; frequently the resulting discrepancy between the superhuman world of mythology and characteristic aspects of Roman society serves to pillory that society as well as to undermine the dignity of the traditional mythology. Linguistic parody is one of the tools Ovid uses to highlight these discrepancies. An example recently noted is that of the serenade delivered by Polyphemus the landlubber to his marine beloved, Galatea : by (...) casting this in the form of Gebetsparodie, Ovid mocks the literary topoi of the paraclausithyron as well as reducing the heroic status of the mythological protagonists. I suggest that in Tiresias’ brief appearance in Metamorphoses 3 Ovid imitates the pedantic locutions of jurists’ language in order to demonstrate how trivial and undignified are the preoccupations of the bickering Olympians. (shrink)

A SUMMARY IN ENGLISH [by Editor] Since Brouwer, Weyl, and, more recently, Lorenzen, KANT as an authority [in the philosophy of mathematics in general] has often been called in against some “uncritical” Formalism and Structuralism. The core of the present paper is to show, in the main, that the Denkmuster (patterns of thinking) of Kant is still very much alive in mathematics today to be in harmony with Formalism. The study is carried out in three parts, in the light of (...) the “concept of construction” of (i) Kant himself, (ii) Lorenzen's Operationalism, and (iii) Formalism in general. (shrink)