Results for 'Julian Reidy'

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  1. I forgot how hilarious Nietzsche is":,Politischer' Nietzsche bei der internationalen,Neuen Rechten' als Figuration des,Unpolitischen' bei Thomas Mann.Julian Reidy - 2021 - In Sebastian Kaufmann & Markus Winkler, Nietzsche, Das ›Barbarische‹ Und Die ›Rasse‹. Boston: De Gruyter.
     
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  2. Genetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings.Julian Savulescu - 2007 - In Nick Bostrom & Julian Savulescu, [no title]. Oxford University Press. pp. 516--535.
    There has been considerable recent debate on the ethics of human enhancement. A number of prominent authors have been concerned about or critical of the use of technology to alter or enhance human beings, citing threats to human nature and dignity as one basis for these concerns. Frances Kamm has given a detailed rebuttal of Sandel's arguments, arguing that human enhancement is permissible. Nicholas Agar, in his book Liberal Eugenics, argues that enhancement should be permissible but not obligatory. He argues (...)
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  3. Well-Being and Enhancement.Julian Savulescu, Anders Sandberg & Guy Kahane - 2011 - In Julian Savulescu, Ruud ter Meulen & Guy Kahane, Enhancing Human Capacities. Blackwell. pp. 3--18.
     
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  4. Biomedical research, neglected diseases, and well-ordered science.Julian Reiss & Philip Kitcher - 2009 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 24 (3):263-282.
    In this paper we make a proposal for reforming biomedical research that is aimed to align re-search more closely with the so-called fair-share principle according to which the proportions of global resources as-signed to different diseases should agree with the ratios of human suffering associated with those diseases.
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  5. Super Pragmatics of (linguistic-)pictorial discourse.Julian J. Schlöder & Daniel Altshuler - 2023 - Linguistics and Philosophy 46 (4):693-746.
    Recent advances in the Super Linguistics of pictures have laid the Super Semantic foundation for modelling the phenomena of narrative sequencing and co-reference in pictorial and mixed linguistic-pictorial discourses. We take up the question of how one arrives at the pragmatic interpretations of such discourses. In particular, we offer an analysis of: (i) the discourse composition problem: how to represent the joint meaning of a multi-picture discourse, (ii) observed differences in narrative sequencing in prima facie equivalent linguistic vs pictorial discourses, (...)
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  6. Towards an Institutional Account of the Objectivity, Necessity, and Atemporality of Mathematics.Julian C. Cole - 2013 - Philosophia Mathematica 21 (1):9-36.
    I contend that mathematical domains are freestanding institutional entities that, at least typically, are introduced to serve representational functions. In this paper, I outline an account of institutional reality and a supporting metaontological perspective that clarify the content of this thesis. I also argue that a philosophy of mathematics that has this thesis as its central tenet can account for the objectivity, necessity, and atemporality of mathematics.
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  7. Adventures in the metaontology of art: local descriptivism, artefacts and dreamcatchers.Julian Dodd - 2013 - Philosophical Studies 165 (3):1047-1068.
    Descriptivism in the ontology of art is the thesis that the correct ontological proposal for a kind of artwork cannot show the nascent ontological conception of such things embedded in our critical and appreciative practices to be substantially mistaken. Descriptivists believe that the kinds of revisionary art ontological proposals propounded by Nelson Goodman, Gregory Currie, Mark Sagoff, and me are methodologically misconceived. In this paper I examine the case that has been made for a local form of descriptivism in the (...)
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  8. A Constitutive Account of 'Rationality Requires'.Julian Fink - 2014 - Erkenntnis (4):909-941.
    The requirements of rationality are fundamental in practical and theoretical philosophy. Nonetheless, there exists no correct account of what constitutes rational requirements. This paper attempts to provide a correct constitutive account of ‘rationality requires’. I argue that rational requirements are grounded in ‘necessary explanations of subjective incoherence’, as I shall put it. Rationality requires of you to X if and only if your rational capacities, in conjunction with the fact that you not-X, explain necessarily why you have a non-maximal degree (...)
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  9. In favour of a Millian proposal to reform biomedical research.Julian Reiss - 2010 - Synthese 177 (3):427 - 447.
    One way to make philosophy of science more socially relevant is to attend to specific scientific practises that affect society to a great extent. One such practise is biomedical research. This paper looks at contemporary U.S. biomedical research in particular and argues that it suffers from important epistemic, moral and socioeconomic failings. It then discusses and criticises existing approaches to improve on the status quo, most prominently by Thomas Pogge (a political philosopher), Joseph Stiglitz (a Nobel-prize winning economist) and James (...)
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  10. Performing Works of Music Authentically.Julian Dodd - 2012 - European Journal of Philosophy 23 (3):485-508.
    This paper argues that, within the Western ‘classical’ tradition of performing works of music, there exists a performance value of authenticity that is distinct from that of complying with the instructions encoded in the work's score. This kind of authenticity—interpretive authenticity—is a matter of a performance's displaying an understanding of the performed work. In the course of explaining the nature of this norm, two further claims are defended: that the respective values of interpretive authenticity and score compliance can come into (...)
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  11. Substituting the senses.Julian Kiverstein, Mirko Farina & Andy Clark - 2015 - In Mohan Matthen, The Oxford Handbook of the Philosophy of Perception. New York, NY: Oxford University Press UK.
    Sensory substitution devices are a type of sensory prosthesis that (typically) convert visual stimuli transduced by a camera into tactile or auditory stimulation. They are designed to be used by people with impaired vision so that they can recover some of the functions normally subserved by vision. In this chapter we will consider what philosophers might learn about the nature of the senses from the neuroscience of sensory substitution. We will show how sensory substitution devices work by exploiting the cross-modal (...)
     
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  12. Causation in the sciences: An inferentialist account.Julian Reiss - 2012 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 43 (4):769-777.
    I present an alternative account of causation in the biomedical and social sciences according to which the meaning of causal claims is given by their inferential relations to other claims. Specifically, I will argue that causal claims are inferentially related to certain evidential claims as well as claims about explanation, prediction, intervention and responsibility. I explain in some detail what it means for a claim to be inferentially related to another and finally derive some implication of the proposed account for (...)
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  13. The Meaning of Embodiment.Julian Kiverstein - 2012 - Topics in Cognitive Science 4 (4):740-758.
    There is substantial disagreement among philosophers of embodied cognitive science about the meaning of embodiment. In what follows, I describe three different views that can be found in the current literature. I show how this debate centers around the question of whether the science of embodied cognition can retain the computer theory of mind. One view, which I will label body functionalism, takes the body to play the functional role of linking external resources for problem solving with internal biological machinery. (...)
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  14. Identity and Harmony and Modality.Julian J. Schlöder - 2023 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 52 (5):1269-1294.
    Stephen Read presented harmonious inference rules for identity in classical predicate logic. I demonstrate here how this approach can be generalised to a setting where predicate logic has been extended with epistemic modals. In such a setting, identity has two uses. A rigid one, where the identity of two referents is preserved under epistemic possibility, and a non-rigid one where two identical referents may differ under epistemic modality. I give rules for both uses. Formally, I extend Quantified Epistemic Multilateral Logic (...)
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  15.  37
    Cognitive niches: An ecological model of strategy selection.Julian N. Marewski & Lael J. Schooler - 2011 - Psychological Review 118 (3):393-437.
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  16. Understanding Focus: Pitch, Placement and Coherence.Julian J. Schlöder & Alex Lascarides - 2020 - Semantics and Pragmatics.
    This paper presents a novel account of focal stress and pitch contour in English dialogue. We argue that one should analyse and treat focus and pitch contour jointly, since (i) some pragmatic interpretations vary with contour (e.g., whether an utterance accepts or rejects; or whether it implicates a positive or negative answer); and (ii) there are utterances with identical prosodic focus that in the same context are infelicitous with one contour, but felicitous with another. We offer an account of two (...)
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  17. Valid reasoning by analogy.Julian S. Weitzenfeld - 1984 - Philosophy of Science 51 (1):137-149.
    Reasoning that compares two objects or situations to draw conclusions about previously unknown properties of one of them has traditionally been taken to be ampliative and probabilistic. I propose that it is apodeictic reasoning from a premise about isomorphic structures that is often uncertain, but which we may have good reasons to believe. I characterize the structures and their isomorphism, describe patterns of reasoning appropriate to them, and discuss some complications not immediately obvious.
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  18.  12
    Welt der Gründe: Xxii. Deutscher Kongress Für Philosophie. 11.-15. September 2011 an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. Kolloquienbeiträge.Julian Nida-Rümelin & Elif Özmen (eds.) - 2012 - Meiner.
    Sowohl die wissenschaftliche als auch die lebensweltliche Praxis sind ohne den Austausch von Gründen nicht denkbar, und dennoch ist notorisch unklar, was man unter Gründen eigentlich verstehen sollte: Was ist ihr ontologischer und erkenntnistheoretischer Status? Sind sie objektiv oder subjektiv? In welchem Verhältnis stehen praktische und theoretische Gründe zueinander? Was können Gründe überhaupt leisten? Die in diesem Band versammelten Kongressbeiträge untersuchen das Thema »Gründe« aus den unterschiedlichen Perspektiven der verschiedenen Strömungen der zeitgenössischen Philosophie. Dieser Pluralismus spiegelt sich auch in den (...)
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  19. What is (Correct) Practical Reasoning?Julian Fink - 2013 - Acta Analytica 28 (4):471-482.
    This paper argues that practical reasoning is a mental process which leads a person from a set of existent mental states to an intention. In Section 1, I defend this view against two other proposals according to which practical reasoning either concludes in an action itself or in a normative belief. Section 2 discusses the correctness of practical reasoning and explains how the correctness of instrumental reasoning can be explained by the logical relations that hold between the contents of the (...)
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  20. Ethical dilemmas in medical humanitarian practice: cases for reflection from Medecins Sans Frontieres.Julian Sheather & Tejshri Shah - 2011 - Journal of Medical Ethics 37 (3):162-165.
    Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) is an independent medical humanitarian organisation working in over 70 countries. It has provided medical assistance for over 35 years to populations vulnerable through conflict, disease and inadequate health systems. Medical ethics define the starting point of the relationship between medical staff and patients. The ethics of humanitarian interventions and of research in conflict settings are much debated. However, less is known about the ethical dilemmas faced by medical humanitarian staff in their daily work. Ethical dilemmas (...)
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  21.  87
    The Logic of the Knowledge Norm of Assertion.Julian J. Schlöder - 2018 - Thought: A Journal of Philosophy 7 (1):49-57.
    The knowledge norm of assertion is the subject of a lively debate on when someone is in a position to assert something. However, not much has been said about the logic that underlies such debate. In this paper, I propose a formalisation of the knowledge norm in a deontic logic that aims to be explanatory and conceptually sound. Afterwards, I investigate some problems that this formalisation makes visible. This reveals some significant limitations of the underlying logic: it can neither contain (...)
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  22.  66
    Contextualising Causation Part II.Julian Reiss - 2013 - Philosophy Compass 8 (11):1076-1090.
    In recent years, a number of philosophers have attempted to fix paradoxes of the counterfactual account of causation by making causation contrastive. In this framework, causation is understood to be not a two-place relationship between a cause and an effect but a three or four-place relationship between a cause, an effect and a contrast on the side of the cause, the effect or both. I argue that contrasting helps resolving certain paradoxes only if an account of admissibility of the chosen (...)
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  23.  35
    Social Values in Economic Environmental Valuation: A Conceptual Framework.Julian R. Massenberg, Bernd Hansjürgens & Nele Lienhoop - 2023 - Environmental Values 32 (5):611-643.
    Economic environmental valuation remains a much debated and contested issue. Concerns have been voiced that it is unable to capture the manifold immaterial values of ecosystems due to conceptual and methodological issues. Thus, additional value categories (social values) as well as novel valuation approaches like deliberative (monetary) valuation are areas of growing interest, yet the theoretical foundations are rather weak. Against this background, this article aims to develop a consistent conceptual framework for making sense of social values in economic environmental (...)
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  24.  24
    Computational mechanisms underlying the dynamics of physical and cognitive fatigue.Julian Matthews, M. Andrea Pisauro, Mindaugas Jurgelis, Tanja Müller, Eliana Vassena, Trevor T.-J. Chong & Matthew A. J. Apps - 2023 - Cognition 240 (C):105603.
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  25. Are there process-requirements of rationality?Julian Fink - 2011 - Organon F: Medzinárodný Časopis Pre Analytickú Filozofiu 18 (4):475-488.
    Does a coherentist version of rationality issue requirements on states? Or does it issue requirements on processes? This paper evalu- ates the possibility of process-requirements. It argues that there are two possible definitions of state- and process-requirements: a satisfaction- based definition and a content-based definition. I demonstrate that the satisfaction-based definition is inappropriate. It does not allow us to uphold a clear-cut distinction between state- and process-requirements. We should therefore use a content-based definition of state- and pro- cess-requirements. However, a (...)
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  26. Withdrawing and withholding artificial nutrition and hydration from patients in a minimally conscious state: Re: M and its repercussions.Julian C. Sheather - 2013 - Journal of Medical Ethics 39 (9):543-546.
    In 2011 the English Court of Protection ruled that it would be unlawful to withdraw artificial nutrition and hydration from a woman, M, who had been in a minimally conscious state for 8 years. It was reported as the first English legal case concerning withdrawal of artificial nutrition and hydration from a patient in a minimally conscious state who was otherwise stable. In the absence of a valid and applicable advance decision refusing treatment, of other life-limiting pathology or excessively burdensome (...)
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  27. Contextualising Causation Part I.Julian Reiss - 2013 - Philosophy Compass 8 (11):1066-1075.
    This is the first instalment of a two-part paper on the counterfactual theory of causation. It is well known that this theory is ridden with counterexamples. Specifically, the following four features of the theory suffer from problems: it understands causation as a relation between events; counterfactual dependence is understood using a metric of similarity among possible worlds; it defines a non-discriminatory concept of causation; and it understands causation as transitive. A number of philosophers have recently proposed that causation is contrastive (...)
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  28.  50
    A Liberal Consequentialist Approach to Regulation of Cognitive Enhancers.Julian Savulescu - 2013 - American Journal of Bioethics 13 (7):53-55.
  29.  93
    Should we respect precedent autonomy in life-sustaining treatment decisions?Julian C. Sheather - 2013 - Journal of Medical Ethics 39 (9):547-550.
    The recent judgement in the case of Re:M in which the Court held that it would be unlawful to withdraw artificial nutrition and hydration from a woman in a minimally conscious state raises a number of ethical issues of wide application. Central to these is the extent to which precedent autonomous decisions should be respected in the absence of a legally binding advance decision. Well-being interests can survive the loss of many of the psychological faculties that support personhood. A decision (...)
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  30. Beyond Empiricism: Realizing the Ethical Mission of Management.Julian Friedland - 2012 - Business and Society Review 117 (3):329-356.
    Research into the proper mission of business falls within the context of theoretical and applied ethics. And ethics is fast becoming a part of required business school curricula. However, while business ethics research occasionally appears in high‐profile venues, it does not yet enjoy a regular place within any top management journal. I offer a partial explanation of this paradox and suggestions for resolving it. I begin by discussing the standard conception of human nature given by neoclassical economics as disseminated in (...)
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  31.  18
    Miguel de Unamuno.Julián Marías - 2013 - Harvard University Press.
  32. Elective ventilation and interests.Julian Savulescu - 2013 - Journal of Medical Ethics 39 (3):129-129.
    This paper examines questions concerning elective ventilation, contextualised within English law and policy. It presents the general debate with reference both to the Exeter Protocol on elective ventilation, and the considerable developments in legal principle since the time that that protocol was declared to be unlawful. I distinguish different aspects of what might be labelled elective ventilation policies under the following four headings: ‘basic elective ventilation’; ‘epistemically complex elective ventilation’; ‘practically complex elective ventilation’; and ‘epistemically and practically complex elective ventilation’. (...)
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  33. The Extended Mind Thesis.Kiverstein Julian, Mirko Farina & Andy Clark - forthcoming - Oxford Bibliographies Online.
  34. Is the right prior to the good?Julian Fink - 2007 - South African Journal of Philosophy 26 (2):143-149.
    One popular line of argument put forward in support of the principle that the right is prior to the good is to show that teleological theories, which put the good prior to the right, lead to implausible normative results. There are situa- tions, it is argued, in which putting the good prior to the right entails that we ought to do things that cannot be right for us to do. Consequently, goodness cannot (always) explain an action's rightness. This indicates that (...)
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  35.  50
    Kant's concept of international law.Julian Rivers & Patrick Capps - 2010 - Legal Theory 16 (4):229-257.
    Modern theorists often use Immanuel Kant's work to defend the normative primacy of human rights and the necessity of institutionally autonomous forms of global governance. However, properly understood, his law of nations describes a loose and noncoercive confederation of republican states. In this way, Kant steers a course between earlier natural lawyers such as Grotius, who defended just-war theory, and visions of a global unitary or federal state. This substantively mundane claim should not obscure a more profound contribution to the (...)
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  36. Julian Huxley: Biologist and Statesman of Science.C. Kenneth Waters, Albert Van Helden & Julian Huxley - 1994 - Journal of the History of Biology 27 (2):363-366.
  37.  14
    Dignity and disobedience.Julian A. Sempill - 2020 - Jurisprudence 11 (2):259-279.
    The death of Socrates is often taken as the starting point for reflection on the relationship between the philosopher and established power. In the Apology, Plato gives an account of Socrates’s own...
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  38.  32
    Researches on the I Ching.Julian Shchutskii, William L. Macdonald, Tsuyoshi Hasegawa & Hellmut Wilhelm - 1981 - Philosophy East and West 31 (4):551-552.
  39. (1 other version)Miguel de Unamuno.Julián Marias - 1945 - Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 1 (4):411-412.
     
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  40.  27
    Tensions between feminist principles and the demand for prostitution in the neoliberal age: a critical analysis of sex buyer’s discourse.Rosa M. Senent Julián - 2019 - Recerca.Revista de Pensament I Anàlisi 24 (2):109-128.
    In the age of neoliberalism, feminists strongly disagree on the ideal legal status of prostitution while the pro-prostitution lobby endeavours to keep their male-dominated business running smoothly. Feminist debates should be concerned with the sex buyers' belief system about women, which is likely to have practical consequences in the way they behave with women (prostituted and non-prostituted) in terms of sexuality and, therefore, for feminist purposes of equality, on a broader scale. A Critical Discourse Analysis of buyer-authored online reviews of (...)
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  41.  55
    Animal Rights and Moral Philosophy.Julian H. Franklin - 2004 - Columbia University Press.
    Animals obviously cannot have a right of free speech or a right to vote because they lack the relevant capacities. But their right to life and to be free of exploitation is no less fundamental than the corresponding right of humans, writes Julian H. Franklin. This theoretically rigorous book will reassure the committed, help the uncertain to decide, and arm the polemicist. Franklin examines all the major arguments for animal rights proposed to date and extends the philosophy in new (...)
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  42. (1 other version)Schopenhauer's Critique of Kantian Ethics.Julian Young - 1984 - Kant Studien 75 (1-4):191-212.
    The paper examines fine criticisms schopenhauer makes of kant's ethics: (1) it makes the moral life too intellectual (2) he attempts to base morality on rationality or failure (3) the notion of a "categorical" imperative is unintelligible (4) kant's ethics is in fact endaemonic and his moral theology circular (5) universalisability commits kant to psychological egoism. schopenhauer is agreed with on (1) and (2), otherwise rejected.
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  43.  5
    El método histórico de las generaciones.Julián Marías - 1946 - Revista de Occidente.
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  44.  33
    Being a lawyer/being a human being.Julian Webb - 2002 - Legal Ethics 5 (1):130.
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  45. Christine M. Korsgaard Interview.Julian Baggini - 2012 - The Philosophers' Magazine 58:60-69.
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  46. Historia de la Filosofía.Julián Marías - 1963 - Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 19 (4):429-430.
     
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  47. Nietzsche's New Religion.Julian Young - 2012 - In Paolo Diego Bubbio & Paul Redding, Religion after Kant: God and Culture in the Idealist Era. Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge Scholars Press.
     
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  48.  41
    All Together Now?Julian Baggini - 1999 - The Philosophers' Magazine 5 (5):36-37.
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  49.  55
    God’s artillery opens fire.Julian Baggini - 2013 - The Philosophers' Magazine 2012 (60):118 - 119.
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    O paradoxo do pão indiano.Julian Baggini - 2009 - Critica.
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