Results for 'Jaroslav Světlý'

546 found
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  1. Filosofie pro normální lidi.Jaroslav Peregrin - manuscript
    ONTOLOGIE (aneb Z čeho všeho se skládá svět) RELATIVISMUS A POSTMODERNA (aneb Má každý svou pravdu?) EPISTEMOLOGIE (aneb Jak můžeme o světě něco vědět?) FILOSOFIE JAZYKA (aneb Co je to jazyk a co je to význam?) STRUKTURALISMUS (aneb Co je to jazyk a co je to význam? podruhé) FILOSOFIE MYSLI (aneb Co to je mysl a kdo všechno jí může disponovat?) FILOSOFIE JAKO ANALÝZA MYSLI (aneb Jak nám naše mysl dává žít v našem světě?) FILOSOFIE VĚDY (aneb Jak svět poznávat (...)
     
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  2.  66
    Lesk a bída platonistické koncepce sémantiky.Jaroslav Peregrin - manuscript
    Podíváme-li se na rané Platónovy dialogy, vidíme, že o co v nich jde především, je předvedení toho, že pojmy mají relativně jasné hranice, že zdánlivému chaosu užívání slov vládne jistý pevný řád, který si člověk dokáže i explicitně uvědomit, je-li k tomu vhodným způsobem veden. Snaha o zdůraznění a znázornění tohoto na první pohled neviditelného 'řádu v chaosu' pak podle mého názoru postupně vedla i ke konstituci Platónovy mytologie říše idejí, které, ač neviděny, hrají z hlediska viditelného světa klíčovou roli. (...)
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  3.  43
    Ivan Blecha: Fenomenologie a kultura slepé skvrny, Triton, Praha, 2002, 119 s.Jaroslav Peregrin - unknown
    Ve své knížce Fenomenologie a kultura slepé skvrny předkládá Ivan Blecha tři eseje, jejichž společným jmenovatelem je konfrontace různých aspektů postmodernistické filosofie s filosofií fenomenologickou. Proti obratu k jazyku a z něj často vyvozovaného pluralismu nebo dokonce relativismu staví Blecha tezi, že svět, ve kterém člověk žije, je determinován způsobem, kterým v kadlubu své intencionální mysli konstituuje věci ze svého bezprostředního prožívání, a že tudíž tento svět není v žádném podstatném slova smyslu ani tvarován jazykem, ani otevřen žádným velkým pluralistickým (...)
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  4.  45
    Rozpaky nad Vopěnkovými Meditacemi o základech vědy.Jaroslav Peregrin - unknown
    V kontextu české filosofie, kde není nouze o vzdělané a chytré lidi, ale kde se to nijak nehemží skutečnými individualitami, představuje Petr Vopěnka zcela zvláštní případ. Je matematik nejenom vzděláním, ale v matematice i leccos dokázal. Jeho knihy o filosofii matematiky, zejména jeho tetralogie Rozprav s geometrií1, jsou velice vyhraněné: Vopěnka v nich předkládá svůj originální obraz a příliš se nestará o to, aby ho konfrontoval s tím, co si o tom myslí jiní. Jak sám připouští, i historické osoby, o (...)
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  5.  62
    Tales of the Mighty Dead.Jaroslav Peregrin - 2005 - Filosoficky Casopis 53 (3):782-785.
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  6. Nieznany utwór dramatyczny z pogranicza czesko-niemieckiego jako wyraz myśli społecznej końca XVI wieku/Jaroslav Panék.Jaroslav Pánek - 2002 - Archiwum Historii Filozofii I Myśli Społecznej 47:247-255.
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  7.  67
    Doing Worlds with Words: Formal Semantics Without Formal Metaphysics.Jaroslav Peregrin - 1995 - Dordrecht, Netherland: Springer.
    Doing Worlds with Words throws light on the problem of meaning as the meeting point of linguistics, logic and philosophy, and critically assesses the possibilities and limitations of elucidating the nature of meaning by means of formal logic, model theory and model-theoretical semantics. The main thrust of the book is to show that it is misguided to understand model theory metaphysically and so to try to base formal semantics on something like formal metaphysics; rather, the book states that model theory (...)
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  8.  26
    Philosophy of Logical Systems.Jaroslav Peregrin - 2019 - New York: Routledge.
    This book addresses the hasty development of modern logic, especially its introducing and embracing various kinds of artificial languages and moving from the study of natural languages to that of artificial ones. This shift seemed extremely helpful and managed to elevate logic to a new level of rigor and clarity. However, the change that logic underwent in this way was in no way insignificant, and it is also far from an insignificant matter to determine to what extent the "new logic" (...)
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  9. Is inferentialism circular?Jaroslav Peregrin - 2018 - Analysis 78 (3):450-454.
    Variations on the argument “Inferences are moves from meaningful statements to meaningful statements; hence the meanings cannot be inferential roles” are often used as knock-down argument against inferentialism. In this short paper I indicate that the argument is simply a non sequitur.
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  10.  41
    Normativity between philosophy and science.Jaroslav Peregrin - forthcoming - Philosophical Psychology.
    Recent decades are marked by the upswing of the use of the term “normativity“ not only in philosophical discussions, but increasingly also within reports of empirical scientists. This may invoke the question how far these developments overlap and in how far they go past each other. A significant overlap might lead to an interesting coalescence of the two approaches to norms, which may provide for a ”naturalization” of some philosophical speculations about normativity, putting them on a firmer foundation, while offering (...)
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  11.  43
    Jaroslav Peregrin.Jaroslav Peregrin - unknown
    The paper presents an argument against a "metaphysical'* conception of logic according to which logic spells out a specific kind of mathematical structure that is somehow inherently related to our factual reasoning. In contrast, it is argued that it is always an empirical question as to whether a given mathematical structure really does captures a principle of reasoning. lMore generally, it is argued that it is not meaningful to replace an empirical investigation of a thing by an investigation of its (...)
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  12. Logic as a Science of Patterns?Jaroslav Peregrin - 2024 - Journal of Philosophy 121 (1):5-25.
    I propose that logic may be seen as a science of patterns—however, not in the sense in which mathematics is a science of patterns, but rather in the sense in which physics is. The proposal is that logic identifies, explores, and fixes the inferential patterns which de facto govern our argumentative practices. It can be seen, I argue, as picking up the patterns and working from them toward the state of reflective equilibrium, where the laws it aims at are explicitly (...)
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  13.  67
    Consequence & inference.Jaroslav Peregrin - unknown
    Logic is usually considered to be the study of logical consequence – of the most basic laws governing how a statement’s truth depends on the truth of other statements. Some of the pioneers of modern formal logic, notably Hilbert and Carnap, assumed that the only way to get hold of the relation of consequence was to reconstruct it as a relation of inference within a formal system built upon explicit inferential rules. Even Alfred Tarski in 1930 seemed to foresee no (...)
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  14. Review of 'Wilfrid Sellars' (James O'Shea 2007) and 'Wilfrid Sellars' (Willem deVries 2005).Jaroslav Peregrin, James O'shea & James R. O'Shea - 2008 - Erkenntnis 69 (1):131-135.
    A review of deVries' and O'Shea's books, both titled "Wilfrid Sellars". By Jaroslav Peregrin.
     
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  15.  7
    Are there differences in business ethics within SMEs’ most important business sectors in the V4 countries? Empirical research.Jaroslav Belas, Katarina Zvarikova, Justas Streimikis & Martina Jakubcinova - 2024 - Ethics and Bioethics (in Central Europe) 14 (1-2):124-136.
    Business ethics represents an important aspect that influences each country’s socio-economic system, and is important to society, environment, and economy. The present article aims to define significant attributes of business ethics in the sector of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and compares their attitudes within the three most significant business sectors in the Visegrad Group countries (V4 countries: Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Poland, and Hungary). An empirical study, focusing on the attitudes of small and medium-sized firms, was conducted in June (...)
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  16.  23
    "Determinatio Ecclesiae" and/or "Communiter Omnes Doctores": On Locating Ockham within the Orthodox Dogmatic Tradition.Jaroslav Pelikan - 1986 - Franciscan Studies 46 (1):37-45.
  17. Inside Human Practices.Jaroslav Peregrin - 2025 - In Maciej Dybowski, Weronika Dzięgielewska & Wojciech Rzepiński (eds.), Practice theory and law: on practices in legal and social sciences. New York, NY: Routledge.
     
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  18.  13
    Tomáš Marvan. Otázka významu.Jaroslav Růžička - 2011 - Pro-Fil 11 (2).
    Tomáš Marvan Otázka významu: Cesty analytické filosofie jazyka. 1. vyd. Praha: Togga, 2010, ISBN 978-80-87258-33-0, 150 stran.
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  19. Helena Kurzova (ed.), The Megarians: Fragments.Jaroslav Rytiř - 2009 - Rhizai. A Journal for Ancient Philosophy and Science:215-220.
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  20.  30
    Reflective Equilibrium and the Principles of Logical Analysis: Understanding the Laws of Logic.Jaroslav Peregrin & Vladimír Svoboda - 2017 - New York: Routledge. Edited by Vladimír Svoboda.
    This book offers a comprehensive account of logic that addresses fundamental issues concerning the nature and foundations of the discipline. The authors claim that these foundations can not only be established without the need for strong metaphysical assumptions, but also without hypostasizing logical forms as specific entities. They present a systematic argument that the primary subject matter of logic is our linguistic interaction rather than our private reasoning and it is thus misleading to see logic as revealing "the laws of (...)
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  21. Meaning and Structure.Jaroslav Peregrin - 2002 - Filosoficky Casopis 50:686-688.
     
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  22.  16
    Pseudointersection numbers, ideal slaloms, topological spaces, and cardinal inequalities.Jaroslav Šupina - 2023 - Archive for Mathematical Logic 62 (1):87-112.
    We investigate several ideal versions of the pseudointersection number \(\mathfrak {p}\), ideal slalom numbers, and associated topological spaces with the focus on selection principles. However, it turns out that well-known pseudointersection invariant \(\mathtt {cov}^*({\mathcal I})\) has a crucial influence on the studied notions. For an invariant \(\mathfrak {p}_\mathrm {K}({\mathcal J})\) introduced by Borodulin-Nadzieja and Farkas (Arch. Math. Logic 51:187–202, 2012), and an invariant \(\mathfrak {p}_\mathrm {K}({\mathcal I},{\mathcal J})\) introduced by Repický (Real Anal. Exchange 46:367–394, 2021), we have $$\begin{aligned} \min \{\mathfrak (...)
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  23. Kapitoly z analytické filosofie.Jaroslav Peregrin - 2006 - Filosoficky Casopis 54:93-96.
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  24.  94
    Possible worlds: A critical analysis.Jaroslav Peregrin - unknown
    Frege has proposed to consider names as denoting objects, predicates as standing for concepts and sentences as denoting truth values. He was, however, aware that such denotation does not exhaust all what is to be said about meaning. Therefore he has urged that in addition to such denotation (Bedeutung) an expression has sense (Sinn). The sense is the "way of presentation" of denotation; hence the expressions Morning Star and Evening Star have identical denotations, but different senses. Carnap has proposed to (...)
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  25. Wittgenstein a pravidla našich jazykových her.Jaroslav Peregrin - unknown
    Abstrakt. Když se řekne Ludwig Wittgenstein, vybaví se člověku, který to jméno už někdy slyšel, nejspíše termín jazyková hra. Tento termín si Wittgenstein vybral, aby se v rámci své pozdní filosofie distancoval od určitého druhu názorů na jazyk (druhu, kterého byly i jeho vlastní ranější filosofické názory). Chtěl jeho pomocí zdůraznit různorodost lidských aktivit, které se opírají o jazyk. Avšak ač to Wittgenstein úplně explicitně neříká, zdá se mi že je tu něco podstatného, co je podle něj pro jazykové hry (...)
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  26. Criteria for logical formalization.Jaroslav Peregrin & Vladimír Svoboda - 2013 - Synthese 190 (14):2897-2924.
    The article addresses two closely related questions: What are the criteria of adequacy of logical formalization of natural language arguments, and what gives logic the authority to decide which arguments are good and which are bad? Our point of departure is the criticism of the conception of logical formalization put forth, in a recent paper, by M. Baumgartner and T. Lampert. We argue that their account of formalization as a kind of semantic analysis brings about more problems than it solves. (...)
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  27.  27
    Two Approaches to Business Ethics.Jaroslav A. Jirásek - 2003 - Journal of Business Ethics 47 (4):343 - 347.
    Following an historical survey of ethical perspectives, the author focuses on an emerging "market ethics" dictating economic, cultural and legal principles and practices. He is especially concerned with the subsequent loss of human and social capital, and suggests the need for reviving those vital ethical considerations, especially during this time of transition for The Czech Republic and other Eastern European nations.
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  28.  95
    ‘Fregean’ logic and ‘Russellian’ logic.Jaroslav Peregrin - 2000 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 78 (4):557 – 574.
  29. Do Computers "Have Syntax, But No Semantics"?Jaroslav Peregrin - 2021 - Minds and Machines 31 (2):305-321.
    The heyday of discussions initiated by Searle's claim that computers have syntax, but no semantics has now past, yet philosophers and scientists still tend to frame their views on artificial intelligence in terms of syntax and semantics. In this paper I do not intend to take part in these discussions; my aim is more fundamental, viz. to ask what claims about syntax and semantics in this context can mean in the first place. And I argue that their sense is so (...)
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  30.  55
    Space and time: An essay in the foundations of physics (I.).Jaroslav Císar - 1924 - Mind 33 (129):1 - 19.
  31.  6
    Filosofická hermeneutika v dějinách a v současnosti.Jaroslav Hroch - 1997 - Brno: Masarykova Univerzita V Brne.
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  32. History and Epics in China and in the West: A Study of Differences in Conception of the Human Story.Jaroslav Prusek - 1963 - Diogenes 11 (42):20-43.
    My study cannot give more than some comments on a very extensive theme that requires a number of studies which have not even been precisely formulated, as yet. I should like to show that the specific thought pattern, the specific perception of reality, intrinsic to a specific cultural category—that which is the predominant one in the given cultural complex—influences all other categories and determines their nature. I want to illustrate my thesis on the relationship between literature and history. With some (...)
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  33.  26
    Konstanten und Wandlungen der Philosophie Patočkas.Jaroslav Kohout - 1994 - Perspektiven der Philosophie 20:219-240.
  34. Křesťanská Levanta.Jaroslav KrejČÍ & Olga VodÁkovÁ - 2006 - Filosoficky Casopis 54:618-621.
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  35. Miroslav Tyrs Filozof, Pedagog a Estetik Ceského Telocviku.Jaroslav Krejcí - 1986 - Index.
     
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  36.  4
    Časovost a smrtelnost: studie k časové konstituci lidské existence.Jaroslav Novotný (ed.) - 2009 - Praha: Togga.
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  37.  20
    Tak dobře, trapme ještě chvilku ducha.Jaroslav Peregrin - 2016 - Filosofie Dnes 8 (1):121-127.
    Ve své polemice s mou recenzí jeho knihy Tomáš Marvan argumentuje, že debatu mezi realismem a relativismem (či konstruktivismem) lze rozřešit, a to prostřednictvím důkazů ve prospěch realismu. V tomto příspěvku vysvětluji, že podle mne realismus nemůže být prokázán, protože to není teze, kterou by bylo možné dokazovat, ale spíše něco jako kantovská „regulativní idea“. In his polemic reply to my review of his book Tomáš Marvan argues that the debate between realism and relativism (or constructivism) can be resolved, especially (...)
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  38.  30
    Literary Dissent in Communist China.Jaroslav Prušek, M. Goldman & Jaroslav Prusek - 1968 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 88 (3):613.
  39.  13
    Energy Drinks Consumption by Students at Universities in Trnava.Jaroslav Stanciak, Jana Boronova & Lubica Vareckova - 2020 - Postmodern Openings 11 (2supl1):16-25.
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  40. V mnohosti ao spoločnom základe V potencii I. časť.Je Ešte Možný Spoločný Svet & Alebo O. Jednote - 2003 - Filozofia 58 (2):87.
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  41.  14
    Semantics Without Meanings? Sellarsian “Patterned Governed Behavior” and the Space of Meaningfulness.Jaroslav Peregrin - 2012 - In Richard Schantz (ed.), Prospects for Meaning. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 479-502.
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  42. The Emergence of the Catholic Tradition (100–600).Jaroslav Pelikan - 1971
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  43.  24
    Jaroslav Pelican, Christianity and Classical Culture: The Metamorphosis of Natural Theology in the Christian Encounter with Hellenism. [REVIEW]Jaroslav Pelikan - 1997 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 41 (3):184-186.
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  44.  45
    Phototoxicity in live fluorescence microscopy, and how to avoid it.Jaroslav Icha, Michael Weber, Jennifer C. Waters & Caren Norden - 2017 - Bioessays 39 (8):1700003.
    Phototoxicity frequently occurs during live fluorescence microscopy, and its consequences are often underestimated. Damage to cellular macromolecules upon excitation light illumination can impair sample physiology, and even lead to sample death. In this review, we explain how phototoxicity influences live samples, and we highlight that, besides the obvious effects of phototoxicity, there are often subtler consequences of illumination that are imperceptible when only the morphology of samples is examined. Such less apparent manifestations of phototoxicity are equally problematic, and can change (...)
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  45. What is inferentialism?Jaroslav Peregrin - unknown
    Inferentialism is the conviction that to be meaningful in the distinctively human way, or to have a 'conceptual content', is to be governed by a certain kind of inferential rules. The term was coined by Robert Brandom as a label for his theory of language; however, it is also naturally applicable (and is growing increasingly common) within the philosophy of logic.
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  46.  57
    Inferentialism Naturalized.Jaroslav Peregrin - 2022 - Philosophical Topics 50 (1):33-54.
    Brandom’s inferentialism explains meaning in terms of inferential rules. As he insists that “the normative” is not reducible to “the natural,” inferentialism would seem an unlikely ally of naturalism. However, in this paper I suggest that Brandom’s theory of language harbors insights which can promote a naturalistic theory of meaning and language, and that a naturalistic version of Brandom’s inferentialism might have great potential. Also I sketch the lines along which such a theory could be built.
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  47. What is the Logic of Inference?Jaroslav Peregrin - 2008 - Studia Logica 88 (2):263-294.
    The topic of this paper is the question whether there is a logic which could be justly called the logic of inference. It may seem that at least since Prawitz, Dummett and others demonstrated the proof-theoretical prominency of intuitionistic logic, the forthcoming answer is that it is this logic that is the obvious choice for the accolade. Though there is little doubt that this choice is correct (provided that inference is construed as inherently single-conclusion and complying with the Gentzenian structural (...)
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  48.  19
    Filosofické poradenství, vzkvétající živnost.Jaroslav Peregrin - 2010 - Filosofie Dnes 2 (1):55-57.
    Někteří filosofové napřeli své úsilí do sektoru služeb.
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  49.  33
    Logica Dominans vs. Logica Serviens.Jaroslav Peregrin & Vladimír Svoboda - forthcoming - Logic and Logical Philosophy:1-25.
    Logic is usually presented as a tool of rational inquiry; however, many logicians in fact treat logic so that it does not serve us, but rather governs us – as rational beings we are subordinated to the logical laws we aspire to disclose. We denote the view that logic primarily serves us as logica serviens, while denoting the thesis that it primarily governs our reasoning as logica dominans. We argue that treating logic as logica dominans is misguided, for it leads (...)
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  50.  49
    Úvod do teoretické sémantiky.Jaroslav Peregrin - manuscript
    Když jsem v roce 1992 začínal na filosofické fakultě UK přednášet teorii sémantiky, cítil jsem intenzivní potřebu poskytnout studentům nějaký učební text. O překotném vývoji tohoto interdisciplinárního oboru, který odstartovalo v sedmdesátých letech úspěšné “zkřížení logiky s lingvistikou” Richardem Montaguem a dalšími a který se nezpomalil dodnes, totiž v češtině neexistovaly prakticky žádné zprávy (s čestnou výjimkou přístupu tzv. transparentní intenzionální logiky, který byl dílem českého emigranta Pavla Tichého a o kterém u nás psal Pavel Materna). Přehledové publikace, jaké jsou (...)
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