Results for 'Janet Haas'

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  1.  44
    Special Supplement: Ethical & Policy Issues in Rehabilitation Medicine.Arthur L. Caplan, Daniel Callahan & Janet Haas - 1987 - Hastings Center Report 17 (4):1.
    The field of medical rehabilitation is relatively new.... Until recently, the ethical problems of this new field were neglected. There seemed to be more pressing concerns as rehabilitation medicine struggled to establish itself, sometimes in the face of considerable skepticism or hostility. There also seemed no pressing moral questions of the kind and intensity to be encountered, say, in high-technology acute care medicine or genetic engineering.... Those in biomedical ethics could and did easily overlook the quiet, less obtrusive issues of (...)
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  2.  29
    Rehabilitation: 'No Organ to Stand on'The Making of Rehabilitation. [REVIEW]Janet Haas, Glenn Gritzer & Arnold Arluke - 1986 - Hastings Center Report 16 (4):46.
    Book reviewed in this article: The Making of Rehabilitation. By Glenn Gritzer and Arnold Arluke.
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  3.  47
    Learning words’ sounds before learning how words sound: 9-Month-olds use distinct objects as cues to categorize speech information.H. Henny Yeung & Janet F. Werker - 2009 - Cognition 113 (2):234-243.
  4. Reinforcement learning: A brief guide for philosophers of mind.Julia Haas - 2022 - Philosophy Compass 17 (9):e12865.
    In this opinionated review, I draw attention to some of the contributions reinforcement learning can make to questions in the philosophy of mind. In particular, I highlight reinforcement learning's foundational emphasis on the role of reward in agent learning, and canvass two ways in which the framework may advance our understanding of perception and motivation.
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  5. Is Synchronic Self-Control Possible?Julia Haas - 2020 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 12 (2):397-424.
    An agent exercises instrumental rationality to the degree that she adopts appropriate means to achieving her ends. Adopting appropriate means to achieving one’s ends can, in turn, involve overcoming one’s strongest desires, that is, it can involve exercising synchronic self-control. However, contra prominent approaches, I deny that synchronic self-control is possible. Specifically, I draw on computational models and empirical evidence from cognitive neuroscience to describe a naturalistic, multi-system model of the mind. On this model, synchronic self-control is impossible. Must we, (...)
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  6. Can hierarchical predictive coding explain binocular rivalry?Julia Haas - 2021 - Philosophical Psychology 34 (3):424-444.
    Hohwy et al.’s (2008) model of binocular rivalry (BR) is taken as a classic illustration of predictive coding’s explanatory power. I revisit the account and show that it cannot explain the role of reward in BR. I then consider a more recent version of Bayesian model averaging, which recasts the role of reward in (BR) in terms of optimism bias. If we accept this account, however, then we must reconsider our conception of perception. On this latter view, I argue, organisms (...)
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  7. Lying with Slurs and Other Evaluative Terms.Brian Haas - forthcoming - Analysis.
    Are slurring statements, when applied to members of the slurred group, true, false, or a little bit of both? Intuitions are mixed. And investigating more truth-value judgments is unlikely to cure the stalemate we find ourselves in. Truth-value judgments are just not up to the task. In their place, I propose we look to judgments of lying instead. This change in focus provides a new and better tool for understanding the complex semantics and pragmatics of slurs. As I argue, it (...)
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  8. The evaluative mind.Julia Haas - forthcoming - In Mind Design III.
    I propose that the successes and contributions of reinforcement learning urge us to see the mind in a new light, namely, to recognise that the mind is fundamentally evaluative in nature.
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  9. Descartes's Method of Doubt.Janet Broughton & Joseph Almog - 2003 - Philosophical Quarterly 53 (212):437-445.
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  10. An empirical solution to the puzzle of weakness of will.Julia Haas - 2018 - Synthese (12):1-21.
    This paper presents an empirical solution to the puzzle of weakness of will. Specifically, it presents a theory of action, grounded in contemporary cognitive neuroscientific accounts of decision making, that explains the phenomenon of weakness of will without resulting in a puzzle.
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  11.  54
    Charles Darwin as a Celebrity.Janet Browne - 2003 - Science in Context 16 (1-2):175-194.
    ArgumentSeveral recent works in sociology examine the manufacture of public identities through the notion of celebrity. This paper explores the imagery of Charles Darwin as a nineteenth-century scientific celebrity by comparing the public character deliberately manufactured by Darwin and his friends with images constructed by the public as represented here by caricatures in humorous magazines of the era. It is argued that Darwin’s outward persona drew on a subtle tension between public and private. The boundaries between public and private were (...)
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  12.  82
    Moral Gridworlds: A Theoretical Proposal for Modeling Artificial Moral Cognition.Julia Haas - 2020 - Minds and Machines 30 (2):219-246.
    I describe a suite of reinforcement learning environments in which artificial agents learn to value and respond to moral content and contexts. I illustrate the core principles of the framework by characterizing one such environment, or “gridworld,” in which an agent learns to trade-off between monetary profit and fair dealing, as applied in a standard behavioral economic paradigm. I then highlight the core technical and philosophical advantages of the learning approach for modeling moral cognition, and for addressing the so-called value (...)
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  13.  59
    A science of empire: British biogeography before Darwin.Janet Browne - 1992 - Revue d'Histoire des Sciences 45 (4):453-475.
  14.  94
    Necessity and Physical Laws in Descartes's Philosophy.Janet Broughton - 1987 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 68 (3/4):205.
    I argue that although in his earlier work descartes thought of the laws of motion as "eternal truths," he later came to think of them as truths whose necessity is of a different type.
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  15.  52
    Participants' understanding of the process of psychological research: Informed consent.Janet L. Brody, John P. Cluck & Alfredo S. Aragon - 1997 - Ethics and Behavior 7 (4):285 – 298.
    Sixty-five undergraduates participating in a wide range of psychological research experiments were interviewed in depth about their research experiences and their views on the process of informed consent. Overall, 32% of research experiences were characterized positively and 41 % were characterized negatively. One major theme of the negative experiences was that experiments were perceived as too invasive, suggesting incomplete explication of negative aspects of research during the informed consent process. Informed consent experiences were viewed positively 80% of the time. However, (...)
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  16.  36
    Voluntary assent in biomedical research with adolescents: A comparison of parent and adolescent views.Janet L. Brody, David G. Scherer, Robert D. Annett & Melody Pearson-Bish - 2003 - Ethics and Behavior 13 (1):79 – 95.
    An informed consent and voluntary assent in biomedical research with adolescents is contingent on a variety of factors, including adolescent and parent perceptions of research risk, benefit, and decision-making autonomy. Thirty-seven adolescents with asthma and their parents evaluated a high or low aversion form of a pediatric asthma research vignette and provided an enrollment decision; their perceptions of family influence over the participation decision; and evaluations of risk, aversion, benefit, and burden of study procedures. Adolescents and their parents agreed on (...)
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  17.  44
    Social Brain Development in Williams Syndrome: The Current Status and Directions for Future Research.Brian W. Haas & Allan L. Reiss - 2012 - Frontiers in Psychology 3.
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  18.  52
    The Ambiguity of Being.Andrew Haas - 2015 - In Paul J. Ennis & Tziovanis Georgakis, Heidegger in the Twenty-First Century. Dordrecht: Springer.
    Each thinker, according to Heidegger, essentially thinks one thought. Plato thinks the idea. Descartes thinks the cogito . Spinoza thinks substance. Nietzsche thinks the will to power. If a thinker does not think a thought, then he or she is not a thinker. He or she may be a scholar or a professor, a producer or a consumer, a fan or a fake, but he or she would not be a thinker. Thus, if Heidegger is a thinker, he essentially thinks (...)
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  19.  99
    Merit, fit, and basic desert.Daniel Haas - 2013 - Philosophical Explorations 16 (2):226-239.
    Basic desert is central to the dispute between compatibilists and incompatibilists over the four-case manipulation argument. I argue that there are two distinct ways of understanding the desert salient to moral responsibility; moral desert can be understood as a claim about fitting responses to an agent or as a claim about the merit of the agent. Failing to recognize this distinction has contributed to a stalemate between both sides. I suggest that recognizing these distinct approaches to moral desert will help (...)
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  20. A companion to Descartes.Janet Broughton & John Carriero - 1996 - In Dennis M. Patterson, A Companion to Philosophy of Law and Legal Theory. Blackwell.
     
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  21.  48
    Botany for Gentlemen: Erasmus Darwin and "The Loves of the Plants".Janet Browne - 1989 - Isis 80 (4):592-621.
  22.  51
    A Brief Remark on Non-prioritized Belief Change and the Monotony Postulate.Gordian Haas - 2016 - Acta Analytica 31 (3):319-322.
    The AGM success postulates for belief expansions and revisions have been widely criticized. This has resulted in the development of a number of non-prioritized belief change theories that violate these postulates. It is shown that we must also discard the monotony postulate for belief expansions if we abandon the success postulates. Non-prioritized belief change theories should instead fulfill a weaker postulate, which we call Conditional Monotony.
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  23. The Wrong of Lying and the Good of Language: A Reply to “What’s the Good of Language?”.Brian Haas - 2023 - Ethics 133 (4):558-572.
    Sam Berstler has recently argued for a fairness-based moral difference between lying and misleading. According to Berstler, the liar, but not the misleader, unfairly free rides on the Lewisian conventions which ground public-language meaning. Although compelling, the pragmatic and metasemantic backdrop within which this moral reason is located allows for the generation of a vicious explanatory circle. Simply, this backdrop entails that no speaker has ever performed an assertion. As I argue, escaping the circle requires rejecting Berstler’s fairness-based reason against (...)
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  24. Notes on Time and Aspect.Andrew Haas - 2015 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 23 (4):504-517.
    What is time? Neither the numbering of the motion of things nor their schema, but their way of being. In language, time shows itself as tense. But every verb has both tense and aspect. So what is aspect? Irreducible to tense, it is the way in which anything is at any time whatsoever. Thus the way things are, their being, is not merely temporal – for it is just as aspectual.
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  25.  23
    Squibs and Snobs: Science in Humorous British Undergraduate Magazines around 1830.Janet Browne - 1992 - History of Science 30 (2):165-197.
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  26.  56
    Looking at Darwin: Portraits and the Making of an Icon.Janet Browne - 2009 - Isis 100 (3):542-570.
    ABSTRACT With increased attention on the visual in the history of science, there is renewed interest in the role of portraiture and other forms of personal imagery in constructing scientific reputation and the circulation of scientific ideas. This essay indicates some directions in which researchers could push forward by studying the dissemination of pictures and portraits of Charles Darwin. Selected portraits are discussed, with particular attention paid to their circulation. The mode of production and original intent of these portraits is (...)
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  27.  29
    Zur Interpretation der Kantischen »Kategorien der Freiheit«.Bruno Haas - 2019 - Philosophische Rundschau 66 (3-4):359.
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  28.  7
    Heidegger’s struggle.Andrew Haas - 2024 - Angelaki 29 (6):19-31.
    The concept of struggle is essential for understanding the relationship between fate and freedom, past and present and future, individuality and community. But the words and grammar for thinking the struggle are lacking. Luckily, taking a hint from Heidegger, the language of “implication” suggests how to think struggle as justice – and thus, to speak to the question of the meaning of being, of beings such as ourselves and of our struggle to be.
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  29.  18
    Diversity, Democracy, and Self-Determination in an Urban Neighborhood: The East Village of Manhattan.Janet Abu-Lughod - 1994 - Social Research: An International Quarterly 61:181.
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  30.  30
    The world-system perspective in the construction of economic history.Janet Lippman Abu-Lughod - 1995 - History and Theory 34 (2):86-98.
    This essay examines the experience of rewriting historical narratives from a world-system perspective, drawing on the author's attempt to construct an integrated image of the world economy in the thirteenth century. Searching for an intermediate epistemological path between unanchored postmodern hermeneutics and overconfident positivism, the author argues that three apparent deviations from the "ideals of positivist social science," which she ironically labels eccentricity, ideology, and idiosyncrasy, can yield significant "remakings" of world history. Eccentricity, namely, recognizing perspectives other than those that (...)
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  31.  38
    On Time and Tense in Aristotle.Andrew Haas - 2022 - Philosophy and Rhetoric 55 (4):339-359.
    Tense is the clue to the discovery of the meaning of time. Speaking hints at thinking, and language suggests a way to conceive of philosophical concepts. Here, the universality of temporality is that out of which the grammar of tense and the concept of time first come. Temporality, however, is not simply present in tense or time. On the contrary, temporality’s way of being—like being’s—is implication: tense is implied by how the verbality of verbs can be spoken; time, by how (...)
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  32.  24
    O Friends No Friend.Andrew Haas - 2023 - Angelaki 28 (6):114-122.
    Our concept of politics – especially democracy – presupposes a principle of friendship, but our principle of friendship comes out of an understanding of the friend. However, from the Greeks to Derrida, such relations have been dominated by a philosophy of presence and/or absence, limiting our very idea of politics and friendship. A radical break with this tradition is only possible through an other way of speaking to, thinking about, acting toward, and being a friend, and the politics thereof. The (...)
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  33.  36
    Essay review: New developments in Darwin studies?Janet Browne - 1982 - Journal of the History of Biology 15 (2):275 - 280.
  34.  40
    The possibility of prudence.Janet Broughton - 1983 - Philosophical Studies 43 (2):253 - 266.
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  35.  20
    Controlled Literature.Claude Haas - 2023 - Deutsche Vierteljahrsschrift für Literaturwissenschaft Und Geistesgeschichte 97 (4):995-1002.
    This article turns to the relationship between style and gesture in the German-language pop novel. While unsuccessful gestures are often seen as a subversion of social conventions condensed in literary style, an author like Leif Randt consciously adjusts style and gesture to cultural expectations. Since he at the same time insulates his own writing from extra-literary appropriations of literature, style and gesture in his novels become prominent representatifs of aesthetic autonomy.
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  36. Mind Design III.Julia Haas (ed.) - forthcoming
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  37. Recovering Spinoza's theory of akrasia.Julia Haas - 2015 - In Ursula Goldenbaum & Christopher Kluz, Doing Without Free Will: Spinoza and Contemporary Moral Problems. Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books.
     
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  38. Anti-individualism and cognitive semantics.Ulrike Haas-Spohn - 1999 - DFG-Forschergruppe Logik in Der Philosophie 15.
  39.  48
    Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon. Bearbeitet und herausgegeben von Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz. Verlag Traugott Bautz, Hamm/Westfalen 1970.Rainer Haas - 1972 - Zeitschrift für Religions- Und Geistesgeschichte 24 (1):95-96.
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  40.  30
    Bibliography of A. V. Williams Jackson.George C. O. Haas - 1938 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 58 (2):241-257.
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  41.  12
    Dean Winchester and the Supernatural Problem of Evil.Daniel Haas - 2013 - In Galen A. Foresman, Supernatural and Philosophy. Wiley. pp. 109–124.
    Casey, in Supernatural, alludes to one of the oldest and most resilient arguments against the existence of God, the problem of evil. This problem arises from an apparent conflict between the existence of evil and the attributes that Western theists attribute to God. Casey's challenge to the existence of God is called the logical problem of evil by philosophers. Casey's problem of evil focused on an apparent logical inconsistency between believing in a God that is all‐powerful, all‐knowing, and all‐good, while (...)
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  42.  11
    Einleitung.Claude Haas & Daniel Weidner - 2020 - In Claude Haas & Daniel Weidner, Über Wissenschaft Reden: Studien Zu Sprachgebrauch, Darstellung Und Adressierung in der Deutschsprachigen Wissenschaftsprosa Um 1800. De Gruyter. pp. 1-10.
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  43. Elementary Pre-Service Teachers and Economic Lessons: An Analysis of Learning From Self-Evaluated Audio Tapes.M. E. Haas & N. E. Hoffman - 1995 - Journal of Social Studies Research 19:3-11.
  44.  7
    Freedom and Christian conduct.John Augustus William Haas - 1923 - New York,: The Macmillan company.
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  45.  26
    Four Different Paths under the Contraception Mandate.John M. Haas, John A. Di Camillo, Edward J. Furton, Marie T. Hilliard & Tadeusz Pacholczyk - 2012 - Ethics and Medics 37 (10):1-4.
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  46.  36
    Glimpses of Modern German Culture.Kuno Francke.Albert Haas - 1899 - International Journal of Ethics 9 (3):408-409.
  47.  11
    II. Letter To the Editor.Ernst B. Haas - 1977 - Science, Technology and Human Values 2 (4):20-21.
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  48.  52
    Kant et la raison comme fonctionnalité logique.Bruno Haas - 2004 - Archives de Philosophie 3 (3):379-398.
    L’idéalisme transcendantal de type fichtéen et schellingien a été développé à partir d’un certain nombre d’apories concernant, par exemple, la « chose-en-soi », le statut du sujet entre sens interne et externe et l’intersubjectivité. Surtout la version schellingienne du transcendantalisme aboutit à une nouvelle conception de l’ontologie, « post-kan-tienne ». Mais elle est basée sur un déplacement de la problématique kantienne, entamée déjà par Fichte, qui méconnaît radicalement un aspect essentiel de la découverte kantienne, à savoir que l’entendement est fonctionnalité, (...)
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  49.  15
    8 Lewis’ Semantics for Counterfactuals.Gordian Haas - 2015 - In 4 Minimal Verificationism. De Gruyter. pp. 153-170.
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  50.  37
    Mystische Erfahrung und Sprache.Alois M. Haas - 1978 - Perspektiven der Philosophie 4:315-335.
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