We present a self-organizing approach to sentence processing that sheds new light on notional plurality effects in agreement attraction, using pseudopartitive subject noun phrases. We first show that notional plurality ratings predict verb agreement choices in pseudopartitives, in line with the “Marking” component of the Marking and Morphing theory of agreement processing. However, no account to date has derived notional plurality values from independently needed principles of language processing. We argue on the basis of new experimental evidence and a dynamical (...) systems model that the theoretical black box of notional plurality can be unpacked into objectively measurable semantic features. With these semantic features driving structure formation, our model reproduces the human verb production patterns as a byproduct of normal processing. Finally, we discuss how the self-organizing approach might be extended to other agreement attraction phenomena. (shrink)

The paper has been written from a philosophical perspective and triggered by the recurrent discussions in psychology about the most suitable methods to study our multifaceted subjectivity. Its main point is that a phenomenological understanding of the human person provides a robust and also flexible philosophical framework for psychology. The first part discusses three classical distinctions –individual/general; explaining/understanding; induction/interpretation– which, in spite of possible deficiencies, are useful to illustrate the specificity of the human sciences relative to the natural sciences. If (...) not understood as an either-or dichotomy these distinctions represent the search of the right balance to reflect the complexity and richness of psychological science. The second part presents the phenomenological notions of ‘vital reduction’ and ‘personalist reduction’, where reductions does not take on an eliminativistic meaning, but of directing the mind’s gaze to attend to what is originally the case. The ‘vital reduction’ reveals a subject of experience at the center of the lifeworld, and the ‘personalist reduction’ sees in rationality –i.e., the power to grasp the meaning of things and to recognize other subjects of experience­– a deeper dimension of the subject, who we can thus call a person. Psychology and phenomenology converge in disclosing the person-centeredness of our lifeworld. (shrink)

My purpose in this paper is to illustrate how we can understand that what the Christian tradition calls the peccatum naturae neither consists in a mere privation nor in the total corruption of nature. There is a widespread understanding that for Catholics the sin of nature consists in the privation of the gift of original justice –the complete order of the natural tendencies and their subjection to reason as a result of the elevation of our first parents to a state (...) of grace–, whereas Protestant denominations would in general terms understand that after the fall human nature was abandoned to a complete corruption. The two stances are sometimes seen as an either-or dichotomy. My intention is not theological, since I do not want to discuss or decide what Christians should believe in this matter, but I try to dig into the conceptual conditions under which we can coherently understand that our present condition is characterized by a twisted inclination of the will, which without destroying or totally corrupting human nature, still runs contrary to its proper good and cannot be considered as belonging or being inherent to it. I first present Thomas Aquinas’ understanding of the peccatum naturae as a moral defect. Then, I take recourse mostly to Rosmini’s work in order to better understand how there could be a moral weakness, which could be rightly called corruption, without implying that our moral condition is completely irrecoverable. (shrink)

In this article, we explore the extraction of recursive nested structure in the processing of binary sequences. Our aim was to determine whether humans learn the higher-order regularities of a highly simplified input where only sequential-order information marks the hierarchical structure. To this end, we implemented a sequence generated by the Fibonacci grammar in a serial reaction time task. This deterministic grammar generates aperiodic but self-similar sequences. The combination of these two properties allowed us to evaluate hierarchical learning while controlling (...) for the use of low-level strategies like detecting recurring patterns. The deterministic aspect of the grammar allowed us to predict precisely which points in the sequence should be subject to anticipation. Results showed that participants’ pattern of anticipation could not be accounted for by “flat” statistical learning processes and was consistent with them anticipating upcoming points based on hierarchical assumptions. We also found that participants were sensitive to the structure constituency, suggesting that they organized the signal into embedded constituents. We hypothesized that the participants built this structure by merging recursively deterministic transitions. (shrink)

El artículo aporta elementos fenomenológicos para reforzar algunas afirmaciones del enfoque simple en el contexto del debate sobre la identidad personal. Para esto se describe, en primer lugar, la propuesta de Geoffrey Madell y se introduce la noción fenomenológica del cuerpo propio (Leib). En segundo lugar, se muestra cómo la reducción vital propuesta por Francisco Leocata evita una posible interpretación inmanentista de la fenomenología, y favorece el desarrollo de una noción encarnada del yo y la posibilidad de entender el mundo (...) como traspasado por la subjetividad. Este desarrollo será el fundamento para mostrar, en tercer lugar, cómo la fenomenología de los vínculos personales y de la narración también pueden aportar a la cuestión de la identidad personal. (shrink)

El Diccionario Interdisciplinar Austral (DIA) es una herramienta en español de alta calidad académica de apoyo a la enseñanza y al servicio de futuras investigaciones. -/- Las voces de DIA ofrecen un actualizado estado de la cuestión, con las correspondientes referencias bibliográficas, de los principales temas que involucran relaciones interdisciplinares entre las ciencias, la filosofía y/o la teología.

Noam Chomsky applies a rational, scientific approach to disciplines as diverse as linguistics, ethics, and politics. His best-known innovations involve a groundbreaking theory of generative grammar, the revolution it initiated in cognitive science, and a radical encounter with political theory and practice. In _Chomsky Notebook_, Cedric Boeckx and Norbert Hornstein tackle the evolution of Chomsky's linguistic theory. Akeel Bilgrami revisits Chomsky's work on freedom and truth, and Pierre Jacob analyzes his naturalism. Chomsky's own contributions include an interview with Jean Bricmont (...) and an essay each on Edward Said and the natural world. Altogether, these works reveal the penetrating insight of a remarkable intellectual whose thought extends into a number of fields within and outside of academia. For the uninitiated reader and longtime fan, this anthology attests to the power of Chomsky's rationalism and the dexterity of his critical investigations. (shrink)

Pieper’s originality and interest in contemporary thought are to be found above all in his having revitalized precious insights about the true being of man contained in classical wisdom. The structure of the philosophical act and the human spirit share a fundamental characteristic, that both are open to the whole of being. Thus, Pieper suggests that authentic philosohizing must consider all aspects of a question, including theological ones.

El trabajo tiene como objetivo averiguar si para Tomás de Aquino el peccatum naturae consiste únicamente en la privación de la gracia sobrenatural, es decir en un estado en el que la naturaleza humana carece de la gracia divina pero no presenta una debilidad en relación a sus propias fuerzas morales naturales, consistentes en la capacidad de obrar según la razón. El tema está en el límite entre lo teológico y lo filosófico, pero cómo se lo resuelva impacta llanamente en (...) la comprensión filosófica del hombre y de su condición moral. De la revelación cristiana sobre los orígenes de la historia humana no se sigue una lectura ingenuamente optimista ni una irremediablemente pesimista. (shrink)

"More recently, cognitive psychologists have used the resources of psychological science to study the foundations of religion, and to discuss and possibly illuminate issues of concern for theologians. The new field, known as the cognitive science of religion, draws from work by Ernest Thomas Lawson, Robert McCauley, Pascal Boyer and Justin Barrett, among others. Many of its scholars are inspired by a spirit of collaborative work with theologians and philosophers of religion, emphasizing the need of serious cross-training between disciplines. Driven (...) by the same spirit, the present issue of Scientia et Fides documents instances of integrative work at the intersection of psychological science and philosophical or theological knowledge, specifically centered around our understanding of what a person is. We hope that, apart from their individual worth, as a whole these contributions will stimulate further interdisciplinary studies, in order to achieve genuine science-engaged philosophy and theology, and a science that is aware of philosophical and theological discussions.". (shrink)

Rosmini’s philosophy is a comprehensive effort toward the renovation of Christian thought in modern times. An intense discussion of the problem of knowledge led him to reformulate Augustine’s theory of illumination in terms of the ideal presence of universal being to the mind. Universal being is the lumen intellectus and our mind’s first object: it is implied in all our thoughts and makes them possible. Although devoid of reality, it shows remarkable features, such as infinity, necessity, and eternity. Without being (...) God, it may be called “divine,” and confers a special value to intelligent creatures, whose dignity comes from their being enlightened by universal being. The “divine” is also the seal of God’s presence in nature. The present article supports the logic of this argument. (shrink)

O artigo analisa a tese de Roberto Esposito de que a pessoa é um dispositivo imunológico projetado para proteger a vida humana, mas que, ao mesmo tempo, a restringe. Embora aparentemente concebida para salvaguardar os direitos de todo ser humano, sua própria estrutura torna isso impossível, pois contém um elemento de exclusão e dominação. A noção de pessoalidade seria inseparável de uma concepção transcendente e possivelmente violenta, de modo que, em vez de se basear na racionalidade ou na afirmação do (...) “eu” ou do “você”, características do personalismo, os direitos e a dignidade teriam de se basear na individualização da vida impessoal ou em uma “terceira pessoa”. A pluralidade também não seria possível se cada pessoa fosse única, pois nesse caso não seria possível afirmar os outros. A contribuição tentará esclarecer o escopo de uma primazia do impessoal e, ao mesmo tempo, questionar a possibilidade de renunciar ao pessoal. (shrink)