The main obstacles to market development of alternative energy sources are defined. The implications and impact of existing barriers to this market is considered. The reasons hindering the liberalization of trade in environmental goods and technologies are analyzed.

This paper argued that interpreting logic solely as a formal discipline is unjustified, as this science has always included a significant informal component related to its application in argumentative discourse. The Aristotelian paradigm, based on the subject-predicate approach to the logical-philosophical analysis of language, has influenced the history of logic significantly. The functional analysis of language introduced by Gottlob Frege marked a shift to the modern logical paradigm. This led to the rise of symbolic logic, disrupting the established balance between (...) the formal and informal components of logical knowledge for a time. The application of the latest analytical methods in informal logic has enabled research in this field to meet contemporary scientific standards. This development helps restore the balance between the formal and informal aspects of general logic. (shrink)

The ability to learn sequential contingencies of actions for predicting future outcomes is indispensable for flexible behavior in many daily decision-making contexts. It remains open whether such ability may be enhanced by transcranial direct current stimulation. The present study combined tDCS with functional near-infrared spectroscopy to investigate potential tDCS-induced effects on sequential decision-making and the neural mechanisms underlying such modulations. Offline tDCS and sham stimulation were applied over the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in young male adults in a (...) double-blind between-subject design using a three-state Markov decision task. The results showed an enhanced dlPFC hemodynamic response during the acquisition of sequential state transitions that is consistent with the findings from a previous functional magnetic resonance imaging study; a tDCS-induced increase of the hemodynamic response in the dlPFC, but without accompanying performance-enhancing effects at the behavioral level; and a greater tDCS-induced upregulation of hemodynamic responses in the delayed reward condition that seems to be associated with faster decision speed. Taken together, these findings provide empirical evidence for fNIRS as a suitable method for investigating hemodynamic correlates of sequential decision-making as well as functional brain correlates underlying tDCS-induced modulation. Future research with larger sample sizes for carrying out subgroup analysis is necessary in order to decipher interindividual differences in tDCS-induced effects on sequential decision-making process at the behavioral and brain levels. (shrink)

У статті здійснено міждисциплінарне дослідження феномену казки та охарактеризовано особливості проведення казкотерапії. Проаналізовано основні класифікації казок, які зустрічаються у арт-терапії. Зокрема, види казок за світоглядним типом: міфологічна, релігійна, наукова, філософська та види казок, за якими здійснюється недирективна взаємодія із дитиною: художні, дидактичні, психотерапевтичні, психокорекційні, медитативні. Проаналізовано широку джерельну базу щодо підходів до виникнення та значення казки у житті людини, починаючи від поглядів давньогрецьких філософів. Досліджено досвід сучасних українських та закордонних теоретиків і практиків арт-терапії, що зосередили свою діяльність навколо актуальних проблем (...) казкотерапевтичних методів роботи. Під терміном казкотерапії розуміються засоби передачі психологічних знань про соціальне становлення особистості за допомогою метафоричних засобів (за Т. Д. Зінкевич-Євстигнєєвою). Визначено, що казкотерапія є одним із найдавніших психологічних та педагогічних методів роботи. Проаналізовано теоретико-методологічні основи казкотерапії, систематизовано найпоширеніші методи роботи з казкою, сформульовано вимоги та основні компоненти казкотерапевтичних занять. Визначено, що казкотерапія є універсальним методом роботи, який найбільш актуальний на заняттях із дітьми дошкільного віку та школярами, однак він може бути дієвим навіть у роботі з дорослими. Обґрунтовано, що казкотерапевтичні заняття найбільш вдало можна організувати під час навчально-виховного процесу у закладах позашкільної освіти, однак, потрібно чітко розуміти мету таких уроків та аудиторію, на яку вони розраховані. Визначено етапи арт-терапевтичних занять у закладах позашкільної освіти, проаналізовано найпоширеніші принципи підбору казок. Доведено, що ефективність організації навчального-виховного процесу на основі казкотерапії безпосередньо пов’язана із дотриманням певного алгоритму роботи, однак вимагає постійного моніторингу та гнучкості. Охарактеризовано правила створення та функціонування середовища для проведення арт-терапевтичних занять. (shrink)

This article examines the issues of digital transformation of the contemporary economy. The digital transformation of the contemporary economic system determines the general contours of development of all sectors of the economy. New digital technologies, platforms and infrastructures have significantly transformed economic life and contemporary entrepreneurship. The article examines the digital transformation of the contemporary economy at the micro and macroeconomic level. Significant positive impact of contemporary technological means on the activities of enterprises is noted. At the state level, digitalization (...) provides an opportunity to increase the efficiency of public administration, ensure the convenience of public institutions, implement government functions online, users to cooperate and implement civic responsibilities in a convenient way. At the macroeconomic level, the economy has undergone significant digital transformations under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. (shrink)

This scientific article is devoted to the research of different aspects and forms of existence of the "European idea". In particular, the idea of "Europe of concentrative circles" and conception of "Europe of variable geometry" which were offered by the prime minister of France E. Balladur. The author focuses on the fact that the problems associated with formation or, in fact, definition of the theoretical foundations of contemporary European integration process have an objective character. This is due to deepening and (...) enlargement of the EU, in the context of changes in theoretical approaches. Treated on the basis of facts the author makes following conclusions: the idea of "Europe of concentrative circles" provides more higher level of integration towards the "center" of the European Community, which would be after the EU political union, a common market and economic and monetary union. Followed by countries of the European Free Trade Association, close to the EU in economic and legal terms. The outer circle is composed of the countries associated with the EU applying for full membership. Fourth, the broadest range - there are the member-states of the OSCE as a common area of European cooperation. (shrink)

The article highlights the essence of existential quest of modern Evangelical Christians Baptists, and shows features of the self-determination of Baptists in Ukraine.

This article highlights the participation of the Ukrainian scientist, Professor Vitaly Mikhailovich Grigorevsky, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, and representative of the scientific school of Vladimir Platonovich Tsesevich, in the organization and development of international cooperative partnership in the field of satellite astronomy and photometric studies of artificial satellites of the Earth. The activity of the scientist in the coordination of scientific research of the countries of Eastern Europe in 1965–1973 under the SPIN program, carried out under the auspices (...) of the Astronomical Council of the USSR Academy of Sciences, is discussed. The article explores the main forms of Grigorevsky’s scientific cooperation with the world’s leading experts in the field of satellite astronomy—the British scientist Desmond King-Hele, the Czech astronomer František Link, Hungarian researchers Iván Almár and D. Toth, and others. Also, the achievements of the Latvian researchers Māris Ābele and Kasimirs Lapushka in the creation of photographic cameras of surveillance of satellites are analysed. (shrink)

У статті визначено основні асиметрії зовнішньоторговельних інтересів країн Європи. Запропоновано алгоритм формування та оцінки зовнішньоторговельних інтересів країни. Здійснено оцінку асиметрій зовнішньоторговельних інтересів країн Європи. Проведено аналіз впливу зовнішньої торгівлі на економічне зростання, залучення іноземних інвестицій та людський розвиток країн Європи.

The article concentrates on the characteristic of the historiography of EU - Russia relations in international security issues during 1992-2010. The author observes the transformation of the international security concept and highlights that after the Cold War the broadening of the traditional view on this matter has become the widely-spread tendency in modern science. Ukrainian and foreign security studies have been reviewed according to this approach. The author points out that there is a great amount of works, which deal with (...) this problem. The results of researches on different aspects of EU - Russia relations in the security sphere, such as the dialogue about the border and illegally immigration questions, the struggle against international terrorism, drug and human trafficking beings, the ecological cooperation and interaction in outer space are summarized. The article stresses that the majority of works devoted to the Russia - EU relations in international security touches upon the law side or one party's activity, although its interaction is of our scientific interest. The main tendencies and peculiarities of the Ukrainian, Russian, European and American historiography are analyzed. The author finds out the uninvestigated issues, which open wide perspectives for researchers in their future studies of EU - Russia relations in the sphere of international security. (shrink)

Actuality of the study is that the rapid development, in particular, of innovative technologies, enables to bring the educational process to a new high level, which will provide a better training of specialists in the field of design, which are necessary for the prosperity of our country. The article explores design artifacts that are differentiated in the cultures of information society. The concept of how the innovative technologies influence on the design of the spatial-object environment is considered. Problems of studying (...) innovative technologies were taught by such scientists as: O.Bazilevsky, V.E. Barysheva, I.S. Rizhova. Problems of studying the design of the spatial-object environment were also carried out by Ukrainian scientists such as S.P. Migal, I.S. Rizhov, V.O. Timokhin, N.M. Shebek, T.V. Malik. Among the Ukrainian researchers, thinking about the existence of the city should be noted T. Voznyak, M.Karpovets, T.Kornienko, M.Prepotenska and others. The realization of this goal requires solving such tasks as outlining different approaches to understanding the phenomenon of space-object environment design; definition of the specificity of innovative technologies in the modern ecological city. Research methods. In theory and practice of research of innovative technologies, methods of structural-system, structural-functional analysis are widely used. Methods of structural-system analysis are used to solve complex problems related to the activities of people in the city, as well as to identify the structure of the city as a dynamic system that promotes self-development of society and personality. Methods of structural-functional analysis are based on the interaction between the structural components of the space-subject environment and their relationship with the functions of the system. The result of the study. In order to solve the problems of the influence of innovative technologies on the design of the spatial-object environment, one should create a concept of the strategy for the development of innovative technologies, aimed at cooperation with leading companies in the industry and the production of domestic analogues in accordance with world standards. Conclusions Innovative technologies as a factor in the development of modern design of the spatial-subject environment represent a synergy of science, technology, cultural development, on the one hand, as well as state, education, creative social entrepreneurship - on the other. That is why innovative technologies represent the basis of intellectual and creative resources aimed at achieving economic and design success, which will represent the socio-cultural progress of society, which will take place thanks to innovative technologies and creativity of designers. The practical significance of the research topic lies in the fact that research designer artifacts that are differentiated in the cultures of the information society. (shrink)

У статті охарактеризований сучасний стан вугільних шахт Донбасу, виконано його оцінку. Актуалізовано формування перспективних планів реструктуризації галузі з огляду на важливість цього стратегічного ресурсу для національної економіки. Показано, що важливим елементом у процесі реалізації технологічних змін є інформаційні ресурси. Визначені основні напрями автоматизації на вугільних підприємствах: технологічний та управлінський. У технологічному аспекті приділена увага системам АІС, УТАС, ІТРАС; в управлінському - СКІП. Для підвищення якості праці запропоновано використати окремі модулі геоінформаційної системи "САМАРА", а також програмного продукту "1С : Підприємство".

Стаття присвячена проблемі еволюції розвитку креативних індустрій через з'ясування значення і походження основних термінів дослідження, а саме "креативність" і "креативні індустрії". З огляду на неповноту висвітлення у фаховій літературі історії розвитку креативних індустрій, автором висувається припущення, що креативні індустрії у своєму розвитку проходять три етапи: доіндустріальний, індустріальний і постіндустріальний. У Стародавньому світі креативними називали виключно поезію та поетичне мистецтво. Індустріальна революція внесла свої корективи у розвиток креативності завдяки стрімкому розвитку і широкому застосуванню науково-технічних винаходів, у засобах комунікації, кінематографі. Для постіндустріальної (...) ери важливими є креативні продукти, виготовлені за рахунок інформаційних технологій та новітніх комунікаційних систем. (shrink)

The basic features and problems of male consumption in 1920-1930s are considered. The main aim of research is to analyze the material world and everyday life of the male consumer and his demands mainly in the urban space of Soviet Ukraine. The crucial role of Communist ideology and propaganda in the emergence of male consumer culture is discussed. It has been also paid attention on the great role of Soviet planned economic system that influenced on the material needs of ordinary (...) consumers. Thus, it has been emphasized that the image of male consumer was not homogenous. Such features as social status, professional surroundings, accessibility to the distribution sources constructed its mosaics. Due to these reasons, it is not possible to construct the general image of male consumer, but only to characterize its various types, which belonged to different representatives of male population such as workers, Communist party's members, traders, "red directors", or intellectuals. It has been examined that biography of male's things, their longevity was not the same as in comparison with female's ones, because of the less developed practices of suing and remaking clothes among the men. As consumers, they were not also broadly presented in various fashion magazines. It could be explained by the existing consumer policy towards them that excluded man from the fashion discourse. That's why as a result the male consumption could be presented as "forgotten" area of Soviet official discourse. Communist authorities were building new "byt" and had forgotten to satisfy everyday needs of the builders. Notwithstanding, the problems with shortages of goods and clothes forced men to create the new everyday practices, which included the usage of women's sewing services. Therefore, the practices of individual sewing of clothes were not developed among the men. Nevertheless, they took part in the modernization process of Soviet society and consequently accepted new industrial goods into their everyday consumer practices. The investigation of male consumer goods led to the conclusion that their biography, durability differed from female material world. (shrink)

In this paper of analysis of the statutes discussed the structure of the Greek-Catholic women's congregations, monasteries Stanislaviv internal structure of the diocese in the late XIX - early XX. Examined the basic common and distinctive features in the selection and coordination ofSuperior, Superior function and its counselor, terms and conditions of admission to the Congregation of nuns willing candidates in the process of passing the novitiate, the role of the bishop in the life of women's monastic community.

The market capitalization of an enterprise is one of the key indicators characterizing the degree of influence of financial and non-financial instruments on its volumes and dynamics. Establishing the relationship between such instruments and metrics of equity and cash flows best delineates the plane of their direct impact on stimulating market capitalization. This is aimed at ensuring the implementation of effective management measures in the context of optimizing the use of equity and cash flows. The aim of the study was (...) to establish how the influence of indicators of financial and non-financial instruments on equity and cash flows forms a relevant basis for making management decisions to increase enterprise market capitalization. During the research, the following methods were used: summarization and grouping, multiple linear regression, direct ranking method, establishment of cause-and-effect relationships, logical generalization, and analytical method. As a result of the study, the toolkit for increasing the market capitalization of the enterprise from the standpoint of its grouping in terms of financial and non-financial plane was clarified. It was found that among the 36 analyzed indicators of the impact on equity and cash flows of the studied machine-building enterprises in Ukraine during the period 2010-2021, the most significant are bank lending, investment and technical metals, research and development costs, foreign scientific and technical services received, production investments, work-in-progress, and accounts payable for products, goods, and services. The results were transformed into a model of ranked instruments for stimulating the market capitalization of machine-building enterprises, which demonstrates the degree and directions of the influence of indicators of financial and non-financial instruments on the dynamics of equity and cash flows, which ensures the formation of an information database for making decisions on the further use of such instruments. The structuring of the toolkit serves as the basis for forming a system of management decisions containing practical recommendations within each group of instruments aimed at optimizing market capitalization through increased equity and cash flows of the enterprise. The obtained results will be beneficial to financial analysts of enterprises in preparing databases for making financial and non-financial decisions. (shrink)

The social and demographic specifics of Donbas region are analyzed in the context of understanding of the factors and possible consequences of the East Ukraine conflict. The article reveals distinctive features of the demographic composition, processes of population natural movement in this region, specific of the social situation, the basic human development indicators in the Donetsk and Lugansk regions of Ukraine on the eve of the conflict, as well as some of its social and demographic consequences.

The article reconstructs the arguments of Heidegger's critique of classical metaphysics, in particular Cartesian metaphysics. Heidegger saw Cartesianism as a source of modern metaphysical foundations and related prejudices. The author comes to the conclusion that the main object of Heidegger's criticism is (1) misunderstanding of the ambiguity of Cartesian philosophical instruction; (2) the definition of a human being as cogito; (3) the concept of the world as nature.

Проаналізовано проблеми, які виникають у зв’язку із розгортанням постантропологічного дискурсу, спровокованого значним впливом на життя людини біо- та інформаційних технологій, на основі аналізу праці К. Хейлз “Як ми стали постлюдством”. Розглянуто два головні підходи щодо застосування технологій – консервативний, прихильником якого є Ф. Фукуяма, та апологетичний, до якого належить К. Хейлз. З’ясовано, що “постлюдське” може бути потрактоване як перспектива виходу із деяких старих рамок і відкриття нових напрямків думки про те, що означає бути людиною, але для цього людству при опрацюванні (...) шляхів мислення взаємодії людей з “розумними машинами” слід орієнтуватися на оптимістичні сценарії розвитку цих процесів. Ключові слова: постлюдина, трансгуманізм, постантропологічний дискурс. (shrink)

The Institute of Higher Education of the NAES of Ukraine has celebrated the 25th anniversary of its activity. This review is dedicated to summarizing the fruit­ful academic research, methodical and educational activities of the Institute dur­ing its 25-year history, as well as to outlining the prospects for its further devel­opment. Over the years of its activity, the Institute has accumulated considerable experience in the field of fundamental and applied research of topical problems of higher education. The results of the Institute’s (...) research have formed the basis of methodological recommendations and developments, which are being used in HEIs in Ukraine. Thanks to its academic activity, the Institute has trained high-level specialists who make a significant contribution to the development of Ukrai­nian science and education. The Institute has specialized scientific councils for the defense of theses of Doctors of Science, as well as regular one-time defenses of theses for the awarding of the scientific degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The In­stitute actively cooperates with Ukrainian and foreign universities, participates in international projects aimed at the development and modernization of the higher education system. The Institute publishes three specialized scientific journals, an­nually publishes collective scientific monographs based on the results of scientific research carried out by the Institute’s departments. The Institute plays an impor­tant system-creating function in the development of higher education in Ukraine. The Institute’s work is especially important at wartime. The institute investigates the impact of the war on the system of higher education and ways of its recovery. It develops innovative teaching methods, trains specialists who meet the needs of the contemporary society, and participates in reforming higher education in Ukraine. 25 years of the Institute of Higher Education of the NAES of Ukraine – that’s 25 years of academic achievements, painstaking work and dedication to one’s job. That’s 25 years of knowledge and experience that serve for the good of the Ukrainian education. (shrink)

Management of modern economic systems in the context of increasing influence of different types of risks requires significant improvement. Among such systems are logistics systems, which play an important role in the optimization of economic processes and require the use of information technology, which will facilitate faster and more accurate management decisions making. The purpose of scientific work is to develop a new approach to risk management of logistics systems, which will allow to plan more effectively, evaluate and control logistics (...) processes by using information technology. To ensure more flexible risk management, it is possible to change the parameters and configuration of the recommended model in accordance with the conditions of its formation. (shrink)

When more than four decades ago, in 1959, Pope John XXIII announced the convening of a high forum of bishops of his Church, many considered his decision to be the least risky. Although the official doctrine of Catholicism, systematized in Pope Leo's encyclical XIII "Rerum novarum", remained virtually unchanged from its adoption, and each successive head of the Church only developed its position in specific circumstances, John XXIII was convinced: after a long time In centuries of controversy and divisions, the (...) time has come to speak to the world in the language of Christian love, to emphasize not what separates people, but what unites people of good will. (shrink)

Symbols in human behavior are universal. Everyday life of a person is filled with symbols that remind her of something, allow or forbid, amaze and assimilate: "Everything can only be considered a symbol that is hidden by something else".

Історія філософії як філософська дисципліна має двоїсте завдання. Історик філософії мусить шукати факти й опікуватися думками. Дискусії щодо поєднання цих завдань тривають. Мета цієї розвідки – прояснити поняття суб’єкта історико-філософського пізнання, функції та форми його присутності у дослідницьких текстах. Маємо прийняти як вихідний пункт декілька припущень. По-перше, тексти є тим місцем, у якому можна локалізувати такого суб’єкта, оскільки він не збігається з емпіричним суб’єктом. Навпаки, емпіричний суб’єкт здобуває свою ідентичність як дослідник у тексті й через текст. По-друге, дослідницький текст наводить (...) мости між минулим і теперішнім, тобто зобов’язує дослідника не лише висловлювати свої думки, а й чути інші. По-третє, існування інтерпретаторів як соціальної групи спростовує можливість прямого контакту тексту і читача та обіцяє реалізувати цей контакт у дослідницькому тексті. Отже, хоча текст сам по собі не становить винятковий інтерес для дослідника, суб’єкт історико-філософського пізнання може бути реконструйований саме на основі текстів. У процесі реалізації поставленої мети визначено, в чому полягає специфіка історико-філософського пізнання та які вимоги висуває текст до свого читача; з’ясовано значення настроїв і почуттів у історико-філософському пізнанні та особливості, що відрізняють суб’єкта історико-філософського пізнання від інших суб’єктів пізнання. В основу аналізу покладено деякі теоретичні пропозиції І. Ш. Зарка та Ф. Р. Анкерсміта. Свої висновки автор підтверджує коротким порівняльним аналізом двох досліджень філософії XVIII століття. (shrink)

The article regards the possibilities of implementing modern approaches to formation of development strategies of retail sale enterprises with account to influence of institutional environment which is oriented to use of marketing tools while elaborating the principles of retailers' adaptation to changing market conditions. It considers the essence of retail sale concept which is a consequence of transformation of consumer oriented marketing concept and consists of four elements - consumer orientation, coordinated activities, value orientation, aspiration to acquire the goals. Special (...) attention is accentuated to the fact that the concept is understood but not all the retail sellers: they do not perceive changes or simply copy the strategies used by their competitors; they do not aspire to investigate the advantages of consumers, study their opinions, and wishes, and completely rely on the suppliers' reports or their previous experience of sales. The conclusion is drawn that a retail company can rely on success if its competitive advantages correspond to the possibilities of environment where it has to act; if it manages to eliminate its weaknesses; if its plans are not only directed to the future and also take into account previous experience. Use of marketing concept in retail sale is possible with shifting of main accent to such notions as general impressions of consumers from the retail company, service to consumers and relationships oriented retail sale. Main trends of market development of Ukrainian retail sale are revealed, conclusion is made about presence of negative trends determining the strategies of retail sale operators. The reasons of decrease for different segments of retail sale market are determined: in the "premium" segment - fight for parts of market among competitors, in "medium" segment shift of 70% of consumers to the segment "medium minus". The conclusion is drawn that retail cooperative networks have to operatively change the assortment, price and distribution policy. Principles of work of new retail sale operators are described; entering the market as innovators they gradually shift to traditional "medium, typical" schemes of work. It is determined that retail companies presented at the Ukrainian market must aspire to create and sustain the long-term relationships with their clients, and not behave like each next purchase in their shop is performed by a completely alien person to them. The conclusion is draw about the necessity of value orientation of long-term strategies of retail sale enterprise development. It is established that only strict positioning of unique usefulness that will be found by a consumer in a given shop will become the basis of his long-term purchase loyalty and will provide sustainable functioning of a retail company even with negative tendencies at the market; and orientation exclusively towards price proposal will stimulate consumers to constant search of new "price temptations" in other retail points and will again launch the "wheel" of retail sale with other players. (shrink)

У статті визначено причини, основні цілі та напрями об'єднання країн БРІКС. Оцінено потенціал країн БРІКС. Обґрунтовано роль Китаю в зміні світового економічного порядку та реформуванні світової фінансової архітектури, розкрито особливості його економічного розвитку. Окреслено напрями економічного співробітництва БРІКС із позицій інтересів Китаю.

The concept of "religious identity" is now the most popular term in terms of frequency of use. Actualization of religious identity as a problem is considered in science, politics, journalism, literature and other spheres of life. The complexity and at the same time the importance of the problem under study requires an interdisciplinary approach to the study of religious identity. The development of the concept of religious identity is associated with scientific disciplines. But one can not imagine the consideration of (...) this phenomenon without taking into account the theological approach, without which the study of religious identity would be one-sided. One of the most important aspects of religion and theology, which determines the state of religiosity in modern society, is the contradiction between traditionalists and reformers. In our time, they are considered as important factors influencing the formation of the religious identity of the individual. (shrink)

This paper deals with the problem of the methodological foundations of social philosophy. The notion of "multidimensionality" as one of the key concepts in the new social philosophy paradigm is analyzed. This notion reflects some expanded pictures of the social and cultural world. The paper makes reference to H. Marcuse's, A. Toynbee's, R. Dahrendorfs, and P. Bourdieu's interpretations of multidimensionality. Their different approaches are considered. The author underlines the common positions of scholars' interpretations and shows the differences in terminology. Primary (...) attention is paid to the analysis of how researchers develop and use this new notion. The significance of this notion for the analysis of social phenomenon is underlined. This explication demonstrates the heuristic possibilities of the concept "multi-dimensionality" for the exploration of society. (shrink)

У статті визначені основні підходи і методи проведення змін у процесі реструктуризації вугільних шахт: структурні, поведінкові, технологічні. Надано особливу увагу соціально-психологічному аспекту - зміні поведінки працівників, відчуттю задоволення працею, стилю управління, психологічному клімату. Із використанням методу анкетування були визначені ступінь задоволення роботою в очисному забої та оцінка поліпшення умов праці в порівнянні з матеріальною компенсацією. Також за допомогою розробленої анкети й обробки результатів розрахунково-графічним методом обґрунтовані стилі управління керівників вугільного підприємства. Запропоновані рекомендації щодо вдосконалення "середнього стилю".

The present paper covers technological changes in the coal mining process. Coal is the main domestic energy resource in Ukraine. In this context such issues as upgrading of conventional technologies and introduction of innovative developments need early solution. Technology is a driving force of strategic development of enterprises in all industries, including the mining. Technological aspects and their interrelation with competitiveness were explored and substantiated by I. Ansoff, who also identified three possible variability levels of technology: 'stable', 'productive' and 'changeable'. (...) 'Stable' technology is virtually unchangeable throughout the life cycle of demand. It is intrinsic to coal production as coal has been mined for centuries and in spite of changes in mining techniques, the demand for it is high enough. This technology originated approximately in the late 18th century when the first mines appeared in the Donets Basin. 'Productive' technology means the traditional one within which various innovations are introduced. In the early development period of the mining industry only pillar mining was used. Two new directions were subsequently developed: shortwall and longwall mining. Winning mechanization in European countries was achieved through development of longwall machines. The USA preferred shortwall mining of coal seams. The above mining alternatives were examined at Donbas mines, the results compared by such parameters as the number of workers and their labor capacity. The necessity of introduction and further improvement of 'manless' mining flow diagrams was substantiated. Some methods for roadway maintenance without repairs were described. The measures required for roadway maintenance without repairs under different conditions can be divided into a number of groups: ways of roadway protection, use of supports with improved yielding, an increased cross-sectional area and longitudinal section of workings during driving, reinforcement of seam bearing rock, application of mine overhead carriers. 'Changeable' technology comprises such unconventional techniques as underground gasification, hydrogenization and hydraulic coal mining by boreholes as well as ancillary recovery of methane gas. (shrink)

The directions of events in society or in some of its spheres depend to a large extent on the positions, desires, hopes, intentions of youth representatives, in general their life orientations and opportunities. Of course, these opportunities, and even more importantly, life orientations, are not unique to the rest of the community, as the younger generation is, for the most part, practically a "product" of its time. Each generation immediately carries information and indications of previous and "hints" about future generations. (...) All these signs, information and "hints" are certainly collected within the information system of a society represented by at least a variety of different knowledge, rituals, traditions and the like. Religion is currently the most consistent "preservative" of information, except that it is still the most powerful mechanism for socializing individuals. Therefore, any processes that take place within the religious sphere, certainly in one way or another have an impact on the existence of any member of society, especially on social structures, groups, processes and events. (shrink)

The article analyzes the main aspects of the interpretation of philosophical thinking by the Polish philosopher Leszek Kolakowskі. He is more known as a brilliant disputant on the history of Marxism and the prospects for the further development of Marxist theory, but his thoughts on the nature and functions of philosophical thinking in the broadest sense are of no less importance, since they address the painful issue of the autonomy of thinking. The purpose of the article is to reconstruct the (...) principles that, according to the philosopher, would allow thinking to maintain its autonomy under the pressure of ideas and ideologies. Utopia and nihilism in the interpretation of L. Kolakowskі appear as temptations of the modern world. It is in the quest for defending from these “monsters” that the philosopher comes to the conclusion that the basis of utopia and nihilism are certain ideas about the truth. Through the prism of this theoretical discovery, he reveals the importance of consensus, tolerance, compromise, and non-consistency as epistemological tools of support or undermining of ideologies. The basic epistemological model the philosopher used has been reproduced by means of theoretical reconstruction. This is the attitude of the subject to the truth, which is realized in two ways: to either master the truth on the basis of certain beliefs or neglect the truth on the basis of other beliefs. With the help of this model, the philosopher comes to understanding that dogmatism and unification are not only utopian diseases but also nihilists. The reason for this is loyalty to one’s own truth, that is, thinking without gaps based on unchanging principles and aimed at reproducing certain institutional and social constants. Instead, inconsistency as a principle forms a completely different setting, the advantage of which is that it extends to itself and frees a thinker from the need to be or not to be consistent, but does not relieve the search of truth and meaning, without which human existence is impossible, according to L. Kolakowskі. The reconstruction was carried out on the basis of analysis of articles and essays of various years, combined with the development of concepts of utopia and nihilism as alternative projects of human existence, rooted in the epistemological directions of the subject. (shrink)

У статті автор за допомогою соціально-філософського аналізу розглядає особливості розвитку поняття «сімейна політика» («державна сімейна політика»). В Україні поняття «сімейна політика» почало використовуватися з кінця 80-х рр. минулого століття. У сучасних дослідженнях під сімейною політикою розуміється політика сприяння народжуваності – «пронаталістська політика», «політика стимулювання народжуваності», а також «демографічна політика». Соціально-філософський аналіз історії розвитку gоняття «сімейна політика» (або «державна сімейна політика») виявив дві суперечливі сучасні парадигми розвитку сім’ї: кризову і трансформаційну.

This article presents the main results of the rethinking of Hegel’s philosophy and Hegelianism, which Wilhelm Dilthey carried out in The History of Hegel’s Youth. This study is based on the author’s translation from the German of Wilhelm Dilthey’s work Die Jugendgeschichte Hegels. Hegel’s philosophy became one of the foundations of the picture of the natural world, the world of man, culture, and history, which even now functions as a paradigm of world philosophy and has a significant influence on modern (...) intellectual culture and our image of the world. The article includes an analysis of the methodology developed by Wilhelm Dilthey for understanding Hegel’s philosophy, the central element of which is a personal approach. It reveals the intellectual background of Wilhelm Dilthey’s rethinking of Hegel’s philosophy and analyses the influence of Dilthey’s interpretation of Hegel’s philosophy on the transformation of the picture of the world of European culture, which is related to Hegel’s philosophy. The author proves that the cosmological model of Hegel’s philosophy is based on the personal experiences of the philosopher in his youth, which allows us to interpret Hegel’s philosophy as mystical, irrational, and pantheistic. (shrink)

The problem of teaching the course "Christian Ethics" in the Ukrainian school is one of the most debatable in the educational, scientific and religious environment. Immediately with the experimental introduction of the training course in 1992, this issue has become publicly relevant and is still at the center of controversy, despite its legislative clarity. The Orthodox and Greek Catholic Churches of Ukraine actively insist on their presence in mainstream schools and do not see alternatives. While Protestant churches, especially the small (...) ones, want only one, so that they do not interfere with the creation of their church schools, both for teaching and for spiritual education. For example, the Seventh-day Adventist Church believes that in a multi-denominational state, state and spiritual education should be separated. Moreover, the experience of teaching so-called Christian ethics demonstrates that it violates the principle of freedom of conscience, since theology cannot be super-denominational, unrelated to a particular church. (shrink)

The article highlights the role of the clergy in the Ukrainian-Polish discussions on the evaluation of the Volyn tragedy in 1943.

B a c k g r o u n d. Considering a scientific truth as a process is connected with the understanding a concrete truth as unity of absolute and relative moments of such process. Beginning by Hegel, truth was regarded as linear process with final point of its development. It was absolute truth, as return of absolute idea to itself in absolute spirit by Hegel. It was the third world by Popper as the world of objective truth. Ukrainian philosopher (...) Pavlo Kopnin opened development of truth for future, eliminating from it the final point in his materialistic interpretation of the truth as a process. However, such process was still regarded as linear process. It was natural for the stage of linear science. As I have already wrote (Dobronravova, 2017), modern stage of nonlinear science actualizes the considering of a scientific truth as nonlinear process. In situation of many variants of nonlinear dynamics the understanding of concrete truth needs to be updated. Such updating is the goal of the article. M e t h o d s. Dialectic method in addition to scientific realism is the most natural approach to research the modern nonlinear science. Methodologic conception of genetic constructivism by V. Stepin is foundation to consider the relations between theoretical and empirical levels of nonlinear knowledge. Criticism of correspondent conception of truth in internal realism by H.Putnam is initiative position in looking for right epistemolology of nonlinear science. Concrete truth as nonlinear process means the description of real nonlinear dynamics with knowledge about a choice, made by a self-organizing system between alternatives in bifurcation point. Nonlinear theories reconstruct few options of further development for nonlinear system. To explain a real situation in certain moment of such development means to describe the real choices by system in points of branching the possibilities. It means that nonlinear science becomes historical one that describes irreversible change of events. Methodologically it means the restriction for claim to repeat the results of empirical checking the predictions of theory, because of choice by chance in bifurcation points. This claim can work for nonlinear medium if different options can be realized in it simultaneously (like Benar's cells in layer of heated liquid or different parties in democratic societies). Otherwise things are going in the situations of historical kind, where the irreversible choice between alternatives has place (like historical choice between right-hand and left-hand traffic in different countries). Repetitions in empirical checking the predicted variants are not possible in principle because of random nature of choice in bifurcation points. R e s u l t s. Non-linear physical theories are descriptive, just like biological, geological and geographic theories. So arrogant condemnation of such theories by physicists and philosophers of science who took physics as a sample in many previous years founded on misunderstanding the specificity of different kinds of theories and their objects. Logical structure of explanation and prediction are not the same in non-linear theories. Non-linear theory can predict a set of possibilities but not the realization of certain one in certain moment. Concrete truth can be justified if human intervention provides the realization of special condition to choose selected variant. C o n c l u s i o n s. We have to understand that such task is more complicated, if we take into account the quantitative way to solve the nonlinear equations. The chain of iterations in approximate solution of such equations can rather give computer simulation of non-linear dynamics. Exact prediction with iteration formula of each next step of unfolding non-linear dynamics, does not guarantee the long scale prediction of complex nonlinear system state. It does not mean that knowledge we got about nonlinear phenomena are not useful for human practice. Thus, the change of dimension in fractal structures of "noise" in cardiograms lets to admit the first signs of heart illness and to cure heart in time. Meteorologists can warn pilots about oncoming storm, defining speed of rising flows in atmosphere by fractal dimension of pictures on the screen of radar. Those are the predictions in nonlinear science. Are they the proofs of concrete truth? Perhaps, yes, they are if we recall old formulation about practice as criteria of truth. (shrink)

The relevance of the study of anthropogenic impact on nature, man, society is relevant enough, because the negative externalities of an integrated global economy are damaging to the environment and vulnerable segments of the population, who are least adapted to paying tribute to progress. Being at the crossroads shows that we are responsible for what is happening with nature, man, society and the actual challenges of destroying the planet will grow, which requires the formation of a new way of thinking, (...) based on the world in accordance with human values, preservation of the natural landscape, climate. Analysis of recent research and publications. At the heart of the study is the analysis of the works of Ernst Ulrich von Weizseker, Anders Wykman “Come On! Capitalism, shortsightedness, population and the destruction of the planet. "Report to the Roman Club"; Naomi Klein “Everything changes. Climate capitalism ”; Maxton Graham, Randers Jørgensen “In Search of Welfare. Managing Economic Development to Reduce Unemployment, Inequality and Climate Change ”; Meadows Donnelly, Meadows Dennis, Rangers Jørgensen "Growth Limits. 30 years later ”; Klaus Schwab's Fourth Industrial Revolution, Forming the Fourth Industrial Revolution; Joe Stadwell's "Why Asia has Succeeded." The article analyzes the works of domestic authors - V. Voronkova, V. Melnyk, N. Metelenko, V. Nikitenko, A. Cherep and others. The author draws on her own abstracts of the conference "Limits of Growth" as a response to anthropogenic impact on man, nature, society and a means of achieving sustainability. Setting objectives. Anthropogenic harmful climatic factors supplant natural vegetation, impoverish animal worlds, limit the activity of microorganisms. Management of anthropogenic impacts can be carried out by limiting them: by establishing maximum permissible loads, different standards of introduction of scientifically grounded regimes of natural resources of international cooperation, scientific substantiation of measures on the nature and ecology of man. The purpose of the article - theoretical and practical aspects of solving the problems of anthropogenic impact on nature, man, society and achievement of sustainable development. Research results. Growth limits have been shown to have anthropogenic impact on humans, nature and society as a result of human intervention in ecosystems. As a result, ecosystem simplification and the breaking of biological cycles result. The concept of sustainable development of mankind is the solution of global problems of mankind, among them the solution of the problems of anthropogenic impact on nature, man, society. The research is aimed at solving the problems of anthropogenic impact on nature, man, society and achieving sustainable development of civilization. (shrink)

The paper argues for the need for Ukrainian companies' intellectual capital strategy development which, in turn, will significantly improve their efficiency and transfer to a new level of functioning. In this study we prove the dominance of intellectual capital strategy in the structure of modern enterprises' strategic portfolio. The authors have determined the following strategies for intellectual capital's development: as a means of achieving the objectives of the company, aimed at creation and efficient use of its intellectual resources; a comprehensive (...) program of action and the system of qualitative and quantitative measurement of replenish and upgrade the components of intellectual capital in accordance with the objectives of its development; a detailed comprehensive plan to ensure competitive advantage through interaction and balanced growth of all structural elements of intellectual capital. The article focuses on the multi-purposive nature of intellectual capital, which necessitates the formation of its portfolio strategies with different combinations of subordination. The main focus of the article is made on generalization and systematization types of expansion strategies for the development of intellectual capital by various classification features to justify the selection of strategies for optimal portfolio. In the proposed typology the following strategies are figured out: in terms of implementing the strategy ; the nature management ; the source of ; the method of obtaining ; the degree of change components ; the nature of the growth process ; by type of business process management ; the nature of use ; the type of innovation behavior ; a competitive position ; the object management ; the structure of intellectual capital. The analysis of the essential characteristics of intellectual capital strategies considered in the classification is made. The emphasis is put on dialectical, flexible sensemaking of presented strategies typologies, taking into consideration the fact of evolution strategies, weave and matrix blending of different classifications in practice. We exemplify our arguments by presenting various functional strategies that make implementation possible using classifications identified in intellectual capital's strategies. Additionally, it is substantiated that the primary, landmark system of classification for all other approaches is classification strategies based on intellectual capital structure. It is therefore proposed to use provided in the article systematization framework as a methodological basis for a comprehensive understanding of the prospects for improvement and use of firms' intellectual capital. (shrink)

У статті проаналізовано актуальні маркери екологічної культури мусульманського світу в аспекті її коранічних першоджерел та практичної втіленості в соціальному житті ісламських спільнот. Авторка експлікує низку висвітлених у Корані смислових акцентів, пов’язаних з усвідомленням сакральних джерел природи та обов’язку благоговійного ставлення до неї. Береться до уваги й поетизація теми природи в Корані. Констатуючи екологічні ризики та проблеми, зумовлені масштабною технологізацією та глобалізацією, дослідниця на прикладі ісламу презентує можливості релігійних учень надавати світоглядно-ціннісні орієнтири осмислення цих ризиків і проблем та долучатися до пошуку (...) шляхів їх розв’язання. Зокрема, внутрішня естетизованість релігійного світобачення теж певною мірою може служити чинником екологічного збалансування ставлення до світу. Дослідження перебуває на міждисциплінарній межі таких галузей, як релігієзнавство, етика, глобалістика, соціальна філософія. (shrink)

The radical transformations caused by the rapid development of information and communication technologies in the mid-1990s prompted the transition to the knowledge society which identified the key role of knowledge as the most important and valuable capital of organizations and had a decisive impact on the development of corporate training. In our study, we aimed to analyze the training methods used in American companies in the knowledge society, particularly, their feasibility, features, benefits and possible limitations. The results of our study (...) show that, at present, e-learning is considerably more widely used in American companies than instructor-led classroom training. Most organizations use blended learning which implies the combination of e-learning methods and instructor-led learning methods. A powerful stimulus for the wide implementation of e-learning methods was produced by the COVID-19 pandemic when the use of educational technologies made it possible for the companies not only to continue training and development of their employees but also to implement tactical and strategic practices which will have long-term implications for the future of the training industry. The most widely used e-learning methods in American companies are virtual classroom/webcast, online or computer-based methods, social learning, augmented reality, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence. In spite of certain limitations of e-learning methods, they have a number of important benefits which allow companies to expand access to training, save costs, increase adaptability and flexibility of learning programs, etc., and thus satisfy their needs in qualified employees. (shrink)