Este trabalho aborda a narração de Deus como fonte de sentido para vida no contexto das tradições religiosas que se fundam na leitura e apropriação de textos tidos como sagrados. A partir da hipótese de que a fé monoteísta é fundamentalmente uma “fé textual”, o presente trabalho toma por referencial teórico o pensamento do filósofo francês Paul Ricoeur. O objetivo a que me proponho é apresentar de forma sintética traços de sua hermenêutica bíblica a partir da articulação entre interpretação, tradição (...) e tradução. O percurso deste ensaio conduz inicialmente à teoria do texto de Ricoeur, em seguida aborda sua fenomenologia hermenêutica da consciência religiosa da falta, para enfim buscar a articulação entre tradição e tradução em uma leitura filosófica da bíblia. A articulação entre as hermenêuticas bíblica e filosófica aponta para a possibilidade do desenvolvimento de uma filosofia da religião que tem por propósito pensar mais e de maneira diferente a contribuição da leitura dos textos religiosos para a busca de sentido da existência humana. Para tanto, se faz necessário o respeito pela pluralidade de crenças e práticas no interior e fora das diversas tradições religiosas. Palavras-chave: Hermenêutica. Texto. Tradição. Tradução.This paper approaches the narration of God as a source of meaning to life in the context of religious traditions that are based on reading and appropriation of texts considered sacred. From the hypothesis that the monotheistic faith is fundamentally a "textual faith", this paper takes as a theoretical framework the thought of the French philosopher Paul Ricoeur. I intend to present in a synthetic trace his biblical hermeneutics from the relationship between interpretation, translation and tradition. This paper initially gets to the theory of Ricoeur’s texts, and then approaches his hermeneutic phenomenology of the religious consciousness of fault; finally it searches for the relationship between tradition and translation in a philosophical reading of the Bible. The articulation between the biblical and philosophical hermeneutics points to the possibility of developing a philosophy of religion that wants to think in a different way the contribution of reading religious texts in the search for meaning of human existence. Therefore, it is necessary to respect the diversity of beliefs and practices inside and outside of the various religious traditions. Keywords: Hermeneutics. Text. Tradition. Translation. (shrink)

Democratic decline in various Latin American countries has been accompanied by religious sectors growth. This article aims at interpreting the public presence of Christian churches and their political representatives based on translation as hermeneutical process in which the relationship between religion and public space is observed. Through bibliographical analysis, the text identifies in Ricoeurian translation based hermeneutic applied to religious studies the possibility of interpreting concrete intersubjective and intercontextual translation which are already present in the public space, (...) mainly in two ways: in an intralinguistic dynamics, i.e., the relationship between Christian groups that sufficiently converge onto programmatic actions regarding economic and moral agenda; and in an interlinguistic dimension in the relationship between religious groups and elitist democratic models which constant crisis situation is perhaps beneficial to some sectors. The metaphor of religions as languages also allows the identification of hermeneutic incompatibilities between distinguished theological discourses in the public space, even when they originate from the same tradition. Therefore, translation as hermeneutic process applied to the analysis of religious discourse may become another tool to the field of studies on religion and public space. (shrink)

Este artigo apresenta uma tradução da hermenêutica sobre a unicidade de Deus de um capítulo (sura) do Alcorão, de acordo com o pensamento de Avicena (Ibn Sῑnā). É o capítulo denominado capítulo do Monoteísmo, cujo número é 112 no Alcorão. Antes, porém, há uma introdução sobre o que representou o Alcorão nos primórdios do Islã e a sua influência no desenvolvimento da filosofia e da teologia em terras do Islã. Nesse texto, pode ser constatado que, na doutrina islâmica, o primeiro (...) fundamento e o mais rigoroso é a unicidade de Deus. É sobre isso que este artigo discorre. This paper presents a translation of the hermeneutics of the oneness of God from chapter (sura) 112 of the Qur'an (the Chapter on Monotheism), according to the thought of Avicenna (Ibn Sῑnā). First, however, there is an introduction which presents the Qur'an in the early days of Islam, as well as its influence on the development of philosophy and theology in Islamic lands. It may be noted in this text that the first and most rigorous foundation is Islamic doctrine is the oneness of God. (shrink)

Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics rests largely on the concept of the classical. According to Gadamer, the classical stands for the continuity and the truth claim of the tradition, as transmitted by the written word. The normative character of the classical is directed against the neutrality and relativism of historicism: understanding does not occur primarily through distancing or methodological reconstruction but through belongingness to, and participation in, the past. The article shows how, given the central importance of dialogue and otherness in Gadamer's (...) theory, the philosopher does not seem to fully do justice to the critical intention of its own dialogical and philological dimensions. On the other hand, it shows also how Gadamer's hermeneutical practice, notably in his rehabilitation of Plato, stresses the learning from otherness more explicitly than does his own theory, thus correcting, as it were, the latter. The article aims, finally, at demonstrating how, by unduly emphasizing the continuity in the encounter between past and present, Gadamer's theory undermines the importance of reconstructing the otherness and specificity of the classical text. /// A hermenêutica filosófica de Gadamer, entendida como uma defesa das humanidades, assenta essencialmente sobre o conceito de clássico. Segundo Gadamer, o clássico representa a continuidade e a pretensão à verdade da tradição tal como nos é transmitida pela palavra escrita. O carácter normativo do clássico em Gadamer constitui assim uma resposta crítica à neutralidade e ao relativismo do historicismo: a compreensão não acontece primariamente graças a um processo de distanciação ou reconstrução metódica, mas sim pelo facto de, desde logo, reconhecermos que temos pertença activa no passado. O presente artigo demonstra como, dada a importância central do diálogo e da alteridade na teoria de Gadamer, ofilósofo acaba por não fazer inteiramente justiça à intenção crítica inerente à dimensão dialógica e filológica do seu próprio pensamento. Mostra-se também, por outro lado, até que ponto a práctica hermenêutica de Gadamer, nomeadamente no que se refere à sua reabilitação de Platão, acaba por sublinhar a nossa aprendizagem da alteridade de uma forma muito mais explícita do que a sua própria teoria parece capaz de fazer. O artigo mostra ainda como, ao sublinhar de forma indevida a continuidade e, com ela, a identidade no encontro entre opassado e opresente, a teoria de Gadamer parece comprometer a importância que se deve dar ao esforço de reconstrucção da alteridade e especificidade do próprio texto clássico. (shrink)

Tão fecunda quanto paradoxal, a noção de clássico implica uma referência de excelência que só é reconhecida retrospectivamente, uma inserção histórica tanto quanto um valor intemporal, a autoridade de uma tradição bem como a liberdade criadora de uma apropriação actual, o elitismo da recepção aliado à popularidade do acesso. Após uma sinopse etimológica e lexicográfica, este artigo explora a noção de “clássico” na hermenêutica de Paul Ricœur. De facto, é todo o espectro da teoria da interpretação, mas também da tradução (...) e da leitura, que pode ser mobilizado para tratar desta noção, ambivalente na própria utilização que dela faz o autor de Temps et Récit. A hermenêutica começa a ser a “arte de compreender os clássicos” no sentido lato do termo: textos sagrados e profanos na encruzilhada de horizontes geográficos e históricos. Explicação e compreensão, crítica e pertença, afastamento e desdistanciamento, são tantas dicotomias metodológicas através das quais se desenvolve a ideia do carácter plural e activo da recepção dos clássicos. Tanto quanto a sua teoria, é também a prática ricoeuriana que evidencia a sua concepção dos “clássicos”. Paul Ricœur é um leitor-pensador que mediatiza as tensões tanto quanto articula as oposições entre os autores canónicos a partir dos quais elabora o seu próprio pensamento. Estes são alguns dos desafios da impensabilidade e da indispensabilidade dos "clássicos" e da própria noção de "clássico". (shrink)

O filósofo Mircea Eliade, dentre seus ofícios, foi um escritor. Para ele, a literatura busca investigar e compreender os significados universais da criação e dos fenômenos – em especial, em seus romances, os fenômenos religiosos. Herdeiro da tradição literária existencialista que marcou, sobretudo, os grandes filósofos e romancistas franceses (como Jean-Paul Sartre e Albert Camus), sua obra literária possui uma unidade fundamental: a inquietação com o tempo e o sagrado. O objetivo desta pesquisa é apresentar a relação de Mircea Eliade (...) com a literatura, principalmente as ideias e vivências acerca da aproximação entre literatura e religião no pensamento do autor. O método utilizado para esta pesquisa foi, preferencialmente, o analítico, com incidência hermenêutica. Ao analisar os textos e artigos do autor e sobre o autor, conclui-se que a literatura existencial possui um papel fundamental na vida de Eliade e que ela é uma ferramenta entre outras para explorar e apresentar sentidos e significados acerca do ser humano no mundo. Palavras-chave : Mircea Eliade. Literatura. Narrativa. Mundo. Constituição.The philosopher Mircea Eliade was a particularly great writer. According to Eliade, the literature seeks to investigate and understand the universal meanings of creation and phenomena – especially, among his novels, the religious phenomena. Heir to the existential literary tradition that marked, above all, the great French novelists and philosophers (such as Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus), Eliade’s literary work has a fundamental unit: the concern with time and the sacred. The aim of this research is to present the relationship of Mircea Eliade with the literature, especially the ideas and experiences on the approach between literature and religion in Eliade’s thought. The method used for this research was the analytic method with hermeneutic incidence. After the analysis on Eliade’s texts and articles and texts and articles about the author, we conclude that the existential literature has a fundamental function in Eliade’s life and it is an efficient tool to investigate and present to the world the meanings about the human being within the world. Key words: Mircea Eliade. Literature. Narrative. World. Constitution. (shrink)

This paper traces the seminal notion of khora back to its birthplace text of Plato's Timaeus. At the same time, it develops a critique of Jacques Derrida's reading of khora in the context of apophatism, or negative theology. John Caputo's reading as well as Richard Kearney's criticism of the latter are presented and discussed in this text. Finally, the article suggests that the image of khora could provide continental philosophy with an example of wliat the author calls "Hermeneutics of Hyphenation", (...) where an attempt to overcome the binary structure of traditional metaphysics, especially in our thinking of God, is accomplished. /// O presente artigo traça a genealogia da noção seminal de khora até ao seu local de nascimento no Timeu de Platão. Para além disso, o autor apresenta uma crítica da leitura que Jacques Derrida faz da noção de khora no contexto do apofatistmo, ou teologia negativa. A leitura que desta noção faz John Caputo bem como a crítica que desta por sua vez faz Ri-chard Kearney são igualmente apresentadas e discutidas no presente texto. Por fim, o autor sugere que a imagem de khora pode dotar a filosofia continental europeia com um exemplo daquilo a que neste texto se designa por "Hermenêutica da hifenização", na qual se procede justamente a uma tentativa de superação da estrutura binária própría da metafísica tradicional, particularmente no que se refere ao nosso pensamento acerca de Deus. (shrink)

Se presenta en este trabajo la encrucijada actual de la interpretación de la novela más célebre de Gabriel García Márquez dando cuenta, por un lado, de una tradición interpretativa que desde una cierta idea de “lo nacional” relaciona el sentido de la obra con un agotamiento de la historia y, por otro lado, postulando las condiciones de posibilidad de otra interpretación, vale decir, otra tradición interpretativa desde donde leer la novela para hallar en ella otro sentido con relación a la (...) historia. La argumentación se apoya en postulados de la hermenéutica de Hans-Georg Gadamer y de Paul Ricoeur. (shrink)

El escrito de la Ciencia Nueva es un texto cifrado. Pero quizá pueda descifrarse –él y la entera obra viquiana– mediante el juego conjugado de dos claves hermeneúticas inseparables: la una metafísica, semiótica la otra. Ambas se condicionan recíprocamente por la idea de “sintesis geométrica” cuya textualización descansa a su vez en un subtexto no escrito. Este subtexto posibilitador de la síntesis de semiótica en Vico no es otro que su modo de pensamiento transcendental, en nada kantiano, moderno en todo.The (...) writing of Scienza Nuova is an encoded text. It might perhaps be deciphered not only that very text but the whole Vico’s work as well by using the connected game of two distintics hermeneutic cleves: one is metaphysical, the other semiotic. Both maintein a mutual relationship and both also are conditioned by the "geometrical syntax", a textualiztion of which seems torest in a non-written text. This subtext which makes possible to carry a complete synthesis of both metaphysics and semiotic in Vico, is nothing but his particular way of transcendental thinking, which has little to do with the Kantian tradition and is fully rooted in the contemporay thinking. (shrink)

RESUMENFrente a las concepciones reduccionistas de la historia de la filosofía, la filosofía hermenéutica respeta la tensión dialéctica entre la filosofía y su historia. De ahí que, en este artículo, analicemos algunas aplicaciones de la hermenéutica de Gadamer y de Ricoeur para la compresión de la historia de la filosofía y de la interpretación de textos. Ambos pensamientos subrayan la relación esencial, constante entre la filosofía y su historia; ahora bien, la hermenéutica de Gadamer tiene como objeto prioritario la apropiación (...) de la tradición a la que pertenece el intérprete, mientras que la de Ricoeur completa esta tarea con una hermenéutica de la sospecha. De ahí que Ricoeur no se limite a la relación de la filosofía con su historia e intente completarla con el psicoanálisis, el análisis del lenguaje o la crítica de las ideología. A pesar de que algunos filósofos se han propuesto deconstruir los conceptos claves de la filosofía hermenéutica, nosotros consideramos que ella nos ofrece un paradigma adecuado para la historia de la filosofía, cuyo objeto es interpretar la tradición dotándola de sentido y creando nuevos significados válidos para el presente.PALABRAS CLAVESHISTORIA – FILOSOFIA – HERMENEUTICAABSTRACTAs contrasted with the reductionist ideas in the history of philosophy, hermeneutic philosphy respects the dialectical tension between philosophy and its history. This is the reason why in this article we analyse some applications of Gadamer’s and Ricoeur’s hermeneutics in order to understand the history of philosphy and the interpetation of texts. Both ideas empahise the essential, constant relation between philosophy and its history. Now then, the prior aim of Gadamer’s hermeneutics is the appropiation of the tradition the interpreter belongs to; on the other hand, Ricoeur’s hermeneutics compeltes this task with a suspicion hermeneutics. From this, we deduce that Ricoeur doesn’t limit himself to the realtion of philosophy with its history and he tries to complete it with psycoanalysis, language analysis and the critique of ideologies. In spite of the fact that some philosophers have tried to deconstruct the key concepts of hermeneutic philosophy, we consider that it offers us a relevant paradigm for the history of philosophy, whose aim is to interpret tradition, endowing it with sense and creating new useful meanings for the present.KEYWORDSHISTORY – PHILOSOPHY – HERMENEUTICS. (shrink)

Gadamer resgata o valor da tradição e explicita o desprezo feito pela Aufklärung a mesma. A questão da reabilitação da tradição enquanto fundamental para a compreensão é o que está em questão neste artigo. Um dos problemas a ser analisado é se há incompatibilidade entre razão e tradição, e se não há de que forma podemos buscar resgatar o valor da tradição como algo fundamental para a compreensão de como se dá o processo do entendimento humano. É, portanto, uma análise (...) dentro da hermenêutica filosófica de Gadamer, especificamente a segunda parte de Verdade e Método I. (shrink)

The aim of this paper is to propose a hermeneutics of the judicial text based on Paul Ricoeur’s philosophy. For this purpose, the paper will propose, firstly, how to approach the judicial decision as text; secondly, the paper will argue from Paul Ricoeur’s notion of “Hermeneutic Arc,” how explanation and understanding as a hermeneutic method are given in the judicial decision. The final purpose is to show how in some cases the comprehension of ourselves could go through the hermeneutics made (...) to the judicial text. (shrink)

A tradição bíblica tem inspirado leituras e interpretações ecológicas por parte de teólogos de vertentes cristãs diversas, dentre os quais podemos destacar: Carriker, Reimer, Schaeffer e Stott. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar alguns textos das Escrituras Sagradas judaico-cristãs e o modo como estes têm sido interpretados por teólogos cristãos vinculados à vertente reformada à luz de uma leitura ecológica. Um corte epistemológico foi feito reconhecendo nestes teólogos posições ideológicas heterogêneas a fim de preservar a re(leitura) dos textos bíblicos escolhidos (...) sob a perspectiva ecológica. White Júnior (1967), historiador americano, escreveu um artigo em que responsabilizava o Cristianismo pela crise ambiental. Este discurso tem sido confrontado ao longo das últimas décadas por várias vertentes cristãs e os teólogos escolhidos para o diálogo neste artigo defendem posições contrárias ao que foi declarado por White Júnior, à época. O caminho para o diálogo entre estes teólogos foi buscado a partir da concepção de que o discurso é uma construção social (Foucault, 2009). A partir da análise dos diálogos estabelecidos entre os teólogos escolhidos e suas re(leituras) dos textos bíblicos é possível concluir que esta nova teologia tem o papel de conscientização, como resposta à crise ambiental, no âmbito das igrejas evangélicas. Palavras-Chave : Discurso. Ecologia. Bíblia. Teologia.: The biblical tradition has inspired environmental readings and interpretations by Christian theologians of various aspects, among which we highlight: Carriker, Reimer, Schaeffer and Stott. The aim of this paper is to present a brief overview of the Judeo-Christian Scriptures and how they have been interpreted by Christian theologians linked to strand reformed in the light of an ecological reading. An epistemological cut was made recognizing these theologians and their heterogeneous ideological positions in order to preserve the re(read) of the biblical texts chosen under the ecological perspective. White Jr. (1967), American historian, wrote an article that blamed Christianity for the environmental crisis. This speech has been confronted over the past several decades by the Christian spectrum and the theologians chosen for dialogue in this article advocate contrary positions to what was stated by White Jr., at the time. The path to the dialogue between these theologians was sought from the idea that speech is a social construction (Foucault, 2009). From the analysis of the dialogue established between the theologians and their chosen re(readings) biblical texts is possible to conclude that this new theology has the role of awareness in response to environmental crisis within the evangelical churches. Key-words: Speech. Ecology. Bible. Theology. (shrink)

The main purpose of the study was to determine the place of the Greek revisions of the Scripture in Antiochian exegetical practice, on the example of the work of Adrian of Antioch “Εἰσαγωγή εἰς τὰς θείας γραφάς” (“Introduction to the Divine Scriptures”). The detailed analysis of the work envisaged the highlighting of hermeneutic and linguistic issues, as well as the fixation of linguistic features of the text: phonetics, morphology, syntax and vocabulary. An analysis of all levels of the author’s language (...) was necessary for an adequate understanding of the text and the comparison of biblical quotations with existing revisions of the Scriptures. Therefore, the method of textual and contextual analysis, comparative and statistical methods allowed to determine the specificity of Hadrian’s approach to the sacred text, the conceptual apparatus of his work and the source (divergences of the biblical text).The hypothesis of the presence in Adrian’s citations of clear matches with the Hebrew text and the Syriac translation is proved in this article, which emphasizes the absence of a universal standard LXX that would exist as a codified textological tradition among representatives of the Antioch school. Adrian’s quotation from the memory of the biblical text was also confirmed, in the same way as the assumption about the possibility of Adrian’s translation of the Holy Scriptures and the option of having an existing revision of the text before him, but unknown to us today. The thesis of the broad context of the coexistence of textual traditions, in particular in the 5th century, among the representatives of the Antioch school, found its comprehensive justification. (shrink)

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad mostrar cómo la regla hermenéutica tal cual es descripta por Hans-Georg Gadamer en Wahrheit und Methode representa un sistema de significación que produce texto. Para ello se utilizará la semiótica de Iuri Lotman y la semiótica connotativa de Hjelmslev como cooperaciones teóricas que posibilitan describir con mayor analiticidad la regulación de la regla hermenéutica en el fenómeno de la comprensión.

Carrying out analyzes of qualitative master's and doctoral research continues to be a great difficulty for researchers in training. Thus, in this writing I present an itinerary for documental studies of public policies, scientific and literary texts, based on the Ricoeurian hermeneutics of discourse, text and ideology, based on two works by the philosopher, several articles to validate the interpretive procedure; and the dialogue with contributions from the gestalt clinical discourse, as the main application of the proposal is in the (...) field of Psychology and health studies. In the script I present a dynamic structure composed of three interconnected steps: identification; b) general and specific structure; c) hermeneutics of discourse. As an illustration I apply the itinerary to a poetic text. I conclude that the script allows, in the work of interpretation, to establish the distance from belonging and to overcome the intention of what the author intended to say. (shrink)

Resumen La perspectiva hermenéutica tradicional para la lectura de un texto ha sido la de descubrir bajo los pliegues del conglomerado de símbolos las intenciones del autor. Pero en los años 60 del siglo XX tres pensadores franceses: Barthes, Foucault y Derrida, trataron de apostar por una hermenéutica en la que las intenciones del autor se redujeran a una interpretación más, sin superioridad alguna sobre otras posibles. Este texto no solo busca evidenciar la necesidad y ventajas de este proceso de (...) abandono de las intenciones del autor en la hermenéutica de la obra, proceso conocido como "la muerte del autor", sino que intenta mostrar que las vías que toman los autores en cuestión no son equivalentes, sino que, al evaluarlas individualmente, se nota que la postura de Derrida se presenta como la más adecuada para evitar la trivialización de la apuesta, aunque no por ello se halla exenta de nuevos problemas.The traditional hermeneutical perspective for reading a text has been to discover the author's intentions under the folds of the symbol cluster. But in the 60s of the twentieth century, three French thinkers: Barthes, Foucault and Derrida tried to bet on a hermeneutic where the author's intentions were reduced to one more interpretation, without any superiority over other possible ones. The present text not only seeks to demonstrate the need and advantages of this process of disregarding the author's intentions in the hermeneutics of the work, a process known as "the author's death", but also attempts to show that the paths taken by the authors in question they are not equivalent, but, when evaluating them individually, it is noted that Derrida's position is presented as the most appropriate to avoid trivializing the bet, although it is not exempt of new problems. (shrink)

This article responds to Bell’s notion of an Interpretive Arc, by considering his reinterpretation of Babel in the light of rabbinic traditions of interpretation. It is suggested that Bell’s interpretation of Babel is not altogether different from some rabbinic interpretations. This is particularly true of the tradition which lays great emphasis on discovering the plain sense of the text. However, there is a difference between Bell’s hermeneutic method and the rabbinic tradition of interpretation. The latter insists on working with the (...) original text, not a translation of the text. By attending to the original Hebrew, one can see how translation can close down meanings. Moreover, the notion of a hermeneutic arc, especially its assumption of a final stage of appropriation, does not fit well with a tradition that has continuing rituals of reading and interpretation. This is better conceived as an interpretive helix. (shrink)

After the publication of Reforma energética en México for the Chamber of Deputies in May of 2016, this paper discusses the text 100 años de petróleo en México by Víctor Rodríguez-Padilla within the framework of Hans-Georg Gadamer’s hermeneutics. This implies the discussion on the definition of “oil”, which will become crucial in order to articulate a hermeneutical sense of the Mexican collective consciousness, its links with nationalism and the complex recuperation process that Mexico lived during the twentieth century. By delving (...) into the connections between the interpreter and the author, and by immersing ourselves in the historical gear of oil as a part of morality, this article ends by analysing the experienced axiological basis that occurs in the text. (shrink)

Este artigo aponta alguns dilemas e desafios colocados ao trabalho do historiador, hoje, pela longa tradição histórica cientificista herdada do século XIX, que pôs a História e Literatura em campos disciplinares rigorosamente separados. Através da análise dos procedimentos de composição e criação literária de João Guimarães Rosa em seu livro Grande Sertão:Veredas, este artigo procura argumentar em torno do valor de textos literários como textos que podem ajudar os historiadores na suplantação daqueles dilemas e desafios.

This is a collection in translation of essays by Paul Ricoeur which presents a comprehensive view of his philosophical hermeneutics, its relation to the views of his predecessors in the tradition and its consequences for the social sciences. The volume has three parts. The studies in the first part examine the history of hermeneutics, its central themes and the outstanding issues it has to confront. In Part II, Ricoeur's own current, constructive position is developed. A concept of the text (...) is formulated as the implications of the theory are pursued into the domains of sociology, psychoanalysis and history. Many of the essays appear here in English for the first time; the editor's introduction brings out their background in Ricoeur's thought and the continuity of his concerns. The volume will be of great importance for those interested in hermeneutics and Ricoeur's contribution to it, and will demonstrate how much his approach offers to a number of disciplines. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Reviewed by:Rhetoric, Hermeneutics, and Translation in the Middle AgesMichael CalabreseRhetoric, Hermeneutics, and Translation in the Middle Ages, by Rita Copeland; xiv & 295 pp. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991, $64.95 cloth, $22.95 paper.In this deeply learned book, Rita Copeland studies the history of rhetoric and grammar and their shifting roles in the history of translation, commentary, and interpretation from classical antiquity through the Middle Ages. Copeland (...) examines the ideological nexus of history, authority, and power in which commentary and vernacular translation function. “Vernacular writing,” she says, can “authorize itself by taking over the function of academic discourse” (p. 8). Her book then traces the history of this “authorization” and this “dis-placement” of Latin sources by the increasingly academically privileged vernacular. All in all, Copeland tells the story of how medieval literary culture articulated its translatio studii by confronting and preserving its Classical inheritance and also developing a role for the vernacular as an active, creative agent in the production of authoritative works. [End Page 413]Ultimately “rhetoric” is the star of Copeland’s book, and in essence she is telling its Roman and medieval life stories. By “rhetoric” we are to understand critical academic language that points toward ethics and practical action. Throughout the Middle Ages every modification or appropriation of critical tools expands the role of commentary and adds new forms of interpretive invention to the translation process. As Copeland puts it, “The medieval practice of translation as a form of appropriation and substitution will be conditioned, as in Roman contexts, by rhetorical theories of invention” (p. 36).The hermeneutical costar is grammar, for as part of the complex appropriation of classical practice, medieval readers recoup the “debased” Roman category of grammar, so that by the time of Martianus Capella it can “claim for itself the whole compass of literary activity” (p. 56). As grammar expands its power, so does rhetoric, a civic Roman art which gets “revalued in terms of service to theology” (p. 59). Medieval commentary now “assumes the character of rhetorical performance” (p. 86) and takes on a “primary productive character,” as it “continually refashions the [studied] text for changing conditions of understanding” (p. 64). What is emerging from all these developments is a medieval translation theory—and practice—which is informed by both academic and practical, ethical goals, that is, a hermeneutics forged by the link of grammar and rhetoric.The rest of the book studies the shifting status and the evolving role of the vernacular in this medieval hermeneutical drama. Copeland addresses the Ovide moralisé and the French translations of the Consolatio, and then Chaucer’s Legend of Good Women and Gower’s Confessio Amantis. We witness here how vernacular products take on authority by “inventing themselves” through authoritative discourse. In Gower’s Confessio we see the fusion of hermeneutics and rhetoric; the poem uses academic modes of discourse in the service of ethics or action. We thus see that by the late Middle Ages vernacular literature plays an authoritative role in the medieval translatio studii, as Gower seeks to “open the institution of learning to the widest possible audience and thereby empower it as a persuasive tool, leading to knowledge of the good” (p. 220). Overall, Copeland has told the story of the “leveling” of academic and vernacular discourse, so that the later, while not dispelling or overthrowing the former, can claim access to its traditional authority.Copeland’s prose is Latinate, at times pedantic and, at times, just plain Latin; reading the book can be a wearing experience. But it is all part of a history she knows in remarkable detail, a history that lies behind many assumptions we have about medieval ethical poetics. To have presented this history is a major scholarly feat. Copeland allows us to see medieval authors as both products and producers of methods of appropriation, imitation, conquest, and preservation—all strategies for “translating” the past and creating a present that can leave its intellectual mark on the future. One might now want to employ Copeland’s history of classical and medieval hermeneutics as a tool for [End Page 414] examining our own, contemporary academic rhetorics and for analyzing the “state of... (shrink)

Hermeneutic research in nursing: developing a Gadamerian‐based research method This paper takes the stance that although there are many different approaches to phenomenological and hermeneutic research, some of these have become blurred due to multiple interpretations of translated materials. Working from original texts by the German philosophers, this paper reconsiders the relevance of phenomenology and hermeneutics to nursing research. We trace the development of Gadamer's philosophy in order to propose a research method based in this tradition. Five steps have been (...) identified as a guide for nurse researchers. These are deciding upon a question, identification of preunderstandings, gaining understanding through dialogue with participants, gaining understanding through dialogue with text and establishing trustworthiness. (shrink)

Resumo: Tradução anotada do tratado anônimo sofístico datado do começo do séc. IV a.C., Dissoi Logoi, ou "Discursos Duplos". A apresentação do texto traz informações básicas sobre transmissão do texto, autoria, datação e uma pequena discussão sobre a caracterização das teses nele presentes. As notas da tradução analisam passagens e conceitos importantes, sugerem questões e inter-relações com outras obras, buscando traçar um panorama possível de interpretação do texto. O tratado, incompleto, compõe-se de nove pequenos capítulos que versam sobre temas importantes (...) durante o período de atuação do movimento sofista e pode ser considerado um exemplar das técnicas retóricas ensinadas por esses pensadores.: This article is a translation, followed by notes, of the anonymous Sophist treatise from the 4th century b.c., Dissoi Logoi. The introduction provides basic information about text transmission, authorship, and date of composition, as well as a brief discussion of the work's content. Important passages and concepts are analyzed in the notes to the translation. In addition, questions about the work and its interrelations with other works are discussed, and a reading of the text is developed. The treatise was transmitted in an incomplete form and contains nine small chapters on the central themes of the Sophist movement. It can be considered an example of the rhetorical techniques taught by those thinkers. (shrink)

The founding text of modern hermeneutics. Written by the philosopher and theologian Friedrich Schleiermacher as a method for the interpretation and textual criticism of the New Testament, it develops ideas about language and the interpretation of texts that are in many respects still unsurpassed and are becoming current in the contemporary philosophy of language. Contrary to the traditional view of Schleiermacher as a theorist of empathetic interpretation, in this text he offers a view of understanding that acknowledges both the structurally (...) and historically determined aspects of language and the need to take account of the activity of the individual subject in the constitution of meaning. This volume offers the text in a new translation by Andrew Bowie, together with related writings on secular hermeneutics and on language, and an introduction that places the texts in the context of Schleiermacher's philosophy as a whole. (shrink)

The intention of this article is to reconstruct the debate between Hans-Georg Gadamer and Jürgen Habermas which occurred between the end of the 1960s and the start of the 1970s. In order to observe this period the later developments of these thinkers won’t be taken into account. The article plans to examine the central problematic of the debate related to the difficult relationship between historic tradition and critical reflection. The tension between these two terms will be used as a reference (...) for discussing the relationships between hermeneutics and critical theory. (shrink)

Translation is an early and ongoing, but as yet for the most part unexamined, theme of Heidegger's lecture courses and essays. According to Heidegger, translation became a central philosophical issue in the Western tradition soon after its beginnings when a number of the basic words of the early Greek thinkers were sometimes mistranslated into Latin and that, as a result, the thought of the pre-Socratics and the classic Greek philosophers, especially Aristotle, has remained obscure. ;For Heidegger, because of (...) the relation between thinking and translating, and the relation of both to language, it is not a thinker's words, but rather the translator's thought, that is translated when he attempts to render a text in his own native language. The resulting text is a recomposition of the original text, not the exchange of words between the vocabularies of two natural languages. Translation also goes on within the same language whenever one speaks and writes. ;I first present the principles of Heidegger's philosophy of translation and present them as ontological, hermeneutic and methodological elements. Next, I examine Heidegger's rendering of Parmenides' Fragment VI as an example of his method of paratactic translation, in which each word of an utterance, rather than the syntactic ensemble, initially guides the rendering. Finally, I apply Heidegger' s own principles to a translation of Was ist Metaphysik? and argue on philosophical grounds for new renderings of Heidegger's basic words, including Sein, Seiende, Dasein and Existenz. I also explore the relation of Heidegger's view of translation to the question about the meaning of Sein and the relation of Sein and thinking. ;Heidegger's hermeneutics complements interpretation theory since Schleiermacher, but in suggesting that thinking does not occur in words, Heidegger also challenges that view. (shrink)

This is a collection in translation of essays by Paul Ricoeur which presents a comprehensive view of his philosophical hermeneutics, its relation to the views of his predecessors in the tradition and its consequences for the social sciences. The volume has three parts. The studies in the first part examine the history of hermeneutics, its central themes and the outstanding issues it has to confront. In Part II, Ricoeur's own current, constructive position is developed. A concept of the text (...) is formulated as the implications of the theory are pursued into the domains of sociology, psychoanalysis and history. Many of the essays appear here in English for the first time; the editor's introduction brings out their background in Ricoeur's thought and the continuity of his concerns. The volume will be of great importance for those interested in hermeneutics and Ricoeur's contribution to it, and will demonstrate how much his approach offers to a number of disciplines. (shrink)

1施莱尔玛赫 contribution to the development施莱尔玛赫for hermeneutics in the development of Historically hermeneutics In order to make a decisive turn when he made ​​the future "general hermeneutics" , hermeneutics will be applied to all text interpretation. When the traditional hermeneutics contains In order to understand, description and application,施莱尔玛赫the attention is hermeneutics as "the art of understanding." 施莱尔玛赫also introduced the interpretation of psychology, can penetrate the text by means of its author's individuality and flexibility soul. He wanted to become a systematic hermeneutics, (...) and criticism of previous hermeneutics is "the rules of the merger," and the lack of coherence. Wu Ning speaking, they deal with different issues is a combination of methods. 施莱尔玛赫hermeneutics points to avoid misunderstanding of the text. This part is up to the final discussion of施莱尔玛赫criticism of the United States. 2. Dilthey contribution to the philosophical hermeneutics of Dilthey on施莱尔玛赫In order to write the thesis, including In order to Protestant hermeneutics history, from the Reformation to the future as a second reference books. He was a learned scholar and has been on many topics regardless above. For our purposes, Dilthey is a philosopher with a passion for life, he was placed In order to humanities and social sciences and natural sciences in an established full equality of points, by the foundation on the hermeneutics In order to develop a basic methodology. But in the science competition, he was seeking "Allgemeingultigkeit", a universal validity, to do so In order to give him too much towards the foundation to the scientific methods of thought. He is still a major development of the character of philosophical hermeneutics. 3 Heidegger before and on philosophical hermeneutics, "and there is time" contribution to the development of philosophical hermeneutics is the decisive shift in Heidegger, born with the future, there are original philosopher The early works. He Freiburg Hu plugs Seoul assistant, and in the phenomenological Hu stopper Seoul In order to create a useful set up beyond the traditional methods of philosophy, but he is still too dependent on science Hu stopper Marco effectiveness. Part I: description of the evolution of the early Heidegger: "ontology - the fact of hermeneutics," the book published after the death of Heidegger was published in 1999, English translation, Heidegger in this series by the fact that the ontology of hermeneutics In order to give us a hermeneutic understanding of his meaning. In order to avoid the traditional hermeneutics of his meaning, In order to return to the ancient hope臘hermeneueinc and hermeneia idiom. He attempts to go beyond the limits of contemporary objects, through the period of return to the ancient hope臘general language idioms. Hermeneutic encounter with the interpretation of Homer's description of the mouth, publish, translate and interpret. His description of historical hermeneutics in the pull-down maps and sub ​​Lane Park after a groundbreaking Aristotle hope臘idioms in the loss of richness and decline. But the hermeneutics of Heidegger speaking the method is close to something, such as early speech hermeneutics In order to approach closer to the truth of it is understandable the former interpretation of this domain as there face life. For this last hermeneutics as the method of self-understanding, but in a letter to his students Engelbert Kerbs letter, Heidegger also emphasizes the history In order to recognize the character. Us from our understanding of historical context, our understanding of the structure is formed by shaping the concept of history and even our language. In Dilthey's hermeneutics, he also stressed that understanding the historical basis. From Dilthey to Heidegger this view. Heidegger in his speech defines hermeneutics as "the fact of participation, close, and descriptions of the same interrogation methods." Hermeneutics is the interpretation of not only understanding knowledge as a negative process, but active participation, interrogation and close. Fact of itself is interpreted, it is through understanding the questions and answers something. Heidegger back to the necessary conditions for our understanding of factors, understanding of "the former structure." He describes some part of the former, is awareness and understanding of nature, we understand something "to" something, and we understand it in a specific historical context. Further more, we expect to understand it in the presence of a sight, not a determining sexual arousal by the sight, by the basic problems of the future horizon, it is "the possibility of there," the sight, for there is a special special possible time horizon. These early works of Heidegger has been found there the possibility of meaning. We all都leadership to a new concept of the humanities. In addition, as a rational animal, as Aristotle said sub-Lane, who is of a future there may not be included, including the timing of there. People are looking to understand their own there. Instructions to Heidegger, hermeneutics offers a new concept for the person's point of view. Part II: there and time hermeneutics is first mentioned in the "there and the time," Section VII, Heidegger phenomenology has been interpreted as if it is. In order that he found "the meaning of phenomenological description as a way to rely on hermeneutics, phenomenology of this and some of the logos have hermeneuein the characteristics of this phenomenology is to use some basic meaning of the word hermeneutics, it indicates the work In order to interpret . "In the second sense, Heidegger found in hermeneutics裡are there for the meaning of this method of exposing the shield. The third meaning is the interpretation of this promising continuous manner so that its future is possible, it's future there. Section 31 of hermeneutics is important, because there is some understanding that is. Understanding the process is the center of human existence, in Section 32 entitled "interpretation and understanding," understanding the interpretation built on. Visit the world around it and understand things as this or that, always never as pure consciousness. As Heidegger said, "always had to watch as the ability to understand and interpret", in other words, there is no precedence in the interpretation of pure consciousness, there is always ask questions and interpretation of the visual field. Section 44, regardless Heidegger also true about management, in its modern form as a true statement, is always carried a deeper understanding and interpretation of the export process. But the really right is defined as the management there has been an associate of knot, so it access to basic ontology of sight. It is obvious that there's open, this hole is to guide him toward the police point of view of the artistic part of the next lecture will be discussed. This lecture primarily presents the two early works of Heidegger in which hermeneutics plays a definitive role. As background, the contributions of Schleiermacher and Dilthey are presented briefly before going into Heidegger's contribution. Ⅰ. Schleiermacher's Contribution to the Development of a Philosophical Hermeneutics Schleiermacher made a decisive turn in the history of hermeneutics when he proposed a "Universal Hermeneutics," a hermeneutics that would apply to all kinds of text interpretation. While traditional hermeneutics included moments of understanding, explication and application, Schleiermacher focused on hermeneutics as the "art of understanding . "Schleiermacher also introduced psychological interpretation whereby one tried to penetrate the individuality and soul of the author of a text. He wanted hermeneutics to be systematic, and he criticized previous hermeneutics for being only an" amalgam of rules "and lacking systematic coherence. Rather , they were methods for dealing with an array of different kinds of problems. Schleiermacher's hermeneutics was directed at avoiding misunderstanding of the text. At the end of this section Gadamer's criticisms of Schleiermacher will be discussed. Ⅱ. Dilthey's Contribution to Philosophical Hermeneutics Dilthey wrote his dissertation on Schleiermacher and included a history of Protestant hermeneutics since the Reformation as a second companion volume. He was a broadly educated professor and wrote on many topics. For our purposes, Dilthey was a life-philosopher with a passion for placing the Humanities and Social Sciences on an equal footing with the Natural Sciences by developing a basic methodology for them based on hermeneutics. But in competing with the sciences, he sought an "Allgemeingultigkeit," a universal validity, and in doing so he tended to give too much ground to the way of thinking in the sciences. Still, he is a major figure in the development of philosophical hermeneutics. Ⅲ. The Contribution of Martin Heidegger to Philosophical Hermeneutics before and in Being and Time The decisive turn in the development of a philosophical hermeneutics came in the early writings of Martin Heidegger, a radical and original philosopher. He was in Freiburg an assistant to Husserl and found in Husserl's phenomenology a useful way of overcoming traditional philosophy, but he still found Husserl too preoccupied with scientific validity. Part Ⅰ: Heidegger's Early Lectures: Ontology-the Hermeneutics of Facticity A posthumously published and translated set of Heidegger's lectures on ontology in terms of a hermeneutics of facticity gives us a sense of his understanding of hermeneutics. He bypassed the traditional sense of hermeneutics and went back to the Greek usage of hermeneuein and hermeneia. He attempted to overcome the limitations of modern objectivity by returning to the usages current in ordinary language in ancient Greece. There hermeneutics meant orally interpreting Homer, announcing, translating, and explaining. His account of the history of hermeneutics after Plato and Aristotle is a history of decline and loss of the richness found in Greek usage. But hermeneutics for Heidegger meant a means of access to something, and in these early lectures hermeneutics became an interpretive means of access to facticity, to the realm of pre-interpretive understanding as Dasein faces life. Ultimately hermeneutics became a means for the self-understanding for Dasein. But in a letter to his student, Engelbert Krebs, Heidegger also emphasizes the historical character of cognition. We understand from our situation in history, and our understanding is structured by historically shaped concepts and even our language. Dilthey, too, emphasized the historical matrix for understanding in his hermeneutics, and Heidegger took this up from Dilthey. Heidegger defined hermeneutics in the opening lines of the lectures as "the unified manner of the engaging, approaching, accessing, interrogating, and explication of facticity." Hermeneutics as interpretation is not just understanding as a passive process of cognition but an active engaging, interrogating, and accessing. Facticity itself is interpretive in that it sees what something is through question and answer. Heidegger is stepping back into the factors that precondition our understanding, the "forestructure" of understanding. This forehaving, he says, belongs to the very nature of knowing and understanding. We see something "as "something, and we see it in a specific historical situation. Furthermore, we see it in an existential horizon of expectation, a horizon haunted by uncertainty, by the" fundamental questionability of the future, that is of "possible being," of what is possible for this particular being at this particular time and place. Already in these early works Heidegger finds in the sense of what is possible being, a sense of "ontic questionability, care, restlessness, anxiety, temporality." All of this leads to a new conception of humanity. Instead of being an animal endowed with reason, as in Aristotle, a human being is a being with a possible future, a being with temporality. Humans are beings seeking to know themselves. Hermeneutics, Heidegger says, offers the standpoint for a new conception of the human being. Part Ⅱ: Being and Time The first mention of hermeneutics is in section 7 of Being and Time, where Heidegger is already interpreting phenomenology as letting what is show itself. He finds that " the meaning of phenomenological description as a method lies in interpretation. The logos of the phenomenology of Dasein has the character of hermēneúein. The phenomenology of Dasein is a hermeneutic in the original signification of the word, where it designates the work of interpreting. "In a second sense, Heidegger finds in hermeneutics a means of uncovering the meaning of being for Dasein. And the third sense is the interpretation Dasein as continually making its future possibilities, its future being. Section 31 is important to hermeneutics because there the being of Dasein is said to be understanding. Understanding is the central process of an existing human being. In section 32, titled "Understanding and Interpretation," interpretation builds on understanding. It looks around at the surrounding world and sees things as this or that, always already , never as pure perception. As Heidegger puts it, "The seeing of this sight is always already understanding and interpreting." In other words, there is no pure perception prior to interpretation; there is always the horizon of questioning and interpreting. In section 44, Heidegger argues that truth, too, in its modern forms as statements which are true, is derivative from the deeper processes of understanding and interpreting that are always already going on. But when truth is rightfully defined in connection with being, then it moves into the horizon of fundamental ontology. It is the disclosure of being. This insight is part of what leads him to his view of art, which we will discuss in the next lectur. (shrink)

Contemporary philosophy has been characterized by the presence of a schizoid dualism between the analytic tradition and the fenomenologic-hermeneutic tradition. Its historical origin can be set in the Davos Congress, which sets off the beginning of the oblivion of another program, the philosophy of symbolic forms, proposed by E. Cassirer, and which nowadays can be considered as an alternative and possible surpassing direction of the above-mentioned dualism. That is, in short, the position sustained by M. Friedman in his recent monograph, (...) written in the context of the conviction of a crisis derived from the depauperation of the traditions and from the subsequent need for a re-orientation. The text offered provides a critical comment of Friedman’s study, showing the point from which it can and must be completed and eventually corrected, and how its completion and correction are to be done.La filosofía contemporánea se hacaracterizadopor la presencia de un dualismo esquizoide entre la tradición analítica e la tradición fenomenológico hermenéutica. El origen histórico del mismo puede ser fijado en el Congreso de Davos, el cual, por otra parte, señala el comienzo del olvido de un otro programa, la filosofía de las formas simbólicas de E. Cassirer e que hoy puede ser considerado como alternativa e posible dirección de superación del dualismo mencionado. Tal es, en síntesis, la posición defendida por M. Friedman en su reciente monografía, escrita en el contexto de la convicción de una crisis derivada del agotamiento de las tradiciones y de la subsecuente necesidad de una reorientación. El texto que ofrecemos comenta críticamente el estudio de Friedman, mostrando donde y cómo él puede y debe ser completado o, eventualmente, corregido. (shrink)

RESUMEN Se interroga el fundamento de la hermenéutica del texto y lo que significa retomarla a la letra en filosofía y en teología. Una hermenéutica es fundamental si se afinca en un modo de existencia adecuado a su propósito, de modo que se diferencie mejor y sea identificada claramente. La hermenéutica protestante del sentido del texto y la hermenéutica judía del cuerpo de la letra serán sustituidas aquí por una hermenéutica católica del texto del cuerpo, en una tentativa al menos (...) programática. ABSTRACT The article inquires into the basis of textual hermeneutics and what it means to apply it literally in philosophy and theology. Hermeneutics is fundamental if it is grounded in a mode of existence that is adequate to its purpose, so that it is better differentiated and clearly identified. The Protestant hermeneutics of the meaning of the text and the Jewish hermeneutics of the body of the letter are here replaced by a Catholic hermeneutics of the text of the body, in an attempt that is at least programmatic. (shrink)

O estudo trata a hermenêutica medieval sob o prisma da compreensão espiritual (intelectio spiritualis) de Joaquim de Fiore (1135-1202). Mostra que a noção de Trindade serve de base para retomar o método alegórico e o tipológico da tradição. Além disso, serve para propor o novo método por concórdia que, a nosso ver, culminará na maior inovação da leitura da história medieval. Entre os resultados, destacamos a continuidade imediata dessa hermenêutica com os franciscanos espirituais do século XIII e sua influência direta (...) na cultura luso-brasileira. Avaliamos também os estudos que tentam encontrar em Joaquim a gênese da filosofia da história hegeliana. Por fim, analisamos sumariamente a proposta de Gianni Vattimo, que encontra o novo sentido do cristianismo no legado joaquimita. The study deals with medieval hermeneutics from the viewpoint of spiritual comprehension (intelectio spiritualis) in Joachim of Fiore (1135-1202). The theologian shows that the notion of the Trinity serves as a basis for the rebuilding of the traditional allegorical and typological methods. Moreover, he proposes a new method by harmony which, in our view, culminates in an innovative reading of history. We highlight the immediate continuity of said hermeneutics with the Franciscans of the XIII century, and their direct influence on Luso-Brazilian culture. We also evaluate studies that attempt to find in Joachim the genesis for the Hegelian philosophy of history. Finally, we analyze Gianni Vattimo's proposal, which finds a new meaning for Christianity in the Joachimite legacy. (shrink)

El objetivo de este trabajo es dar cuenta de la fecundidad que el pensamiento de Unamuno (1864-1936) presenta en torno al problema hermenéutico. Para ello se tomará como eje la obra Cómo se hace una novela (1926-7), donde el pensador bilbaíno expone sus ideas en torno a la cuestión de la escritura y la recepción de la obra literaria. El estudio de la obra en cuestión y la referencia a muchas de sus otras obras estará atravesado por las nociones que (...) acuñara Ricoeur de “distanciamiento” y “apropiación” del mundo del texto . La importancia que cobra en Unamuno el receptor de la obra, anticipándose a las ulteriores teorías de la recepción, nos lleva a ver qué entiende éste por “comprensión”, y cuál es el papel que esa noción juega en sus concepciones filosófico-literarias. Finalmente, a partir de este “distanciamiento” y “apropiación” de la obra que propone Unamuno al lector, le será posible al receptor, la proyección de un mundo. (shrink)

Nossa leitura da Carta Sétima parte do pressuposto segundo o qual o filosofar instaura-se sobre um exercício dialético incessante entre fenomenologia e hermenêutica do real. Objetivamos aqui, por um lado, justificar a atualidade e a pertinência da hermenêutica filosófica bem como sua apropriada aplicação aos textos filosóficos e, por outro, elucidar o que julgamos ser o cerne da carta em questão, ou seja, indicar traços fundamentais da verdadeira filosofia e, portanto, dos verdadeiros filósofos segundo nossa leitura do escrito de Platão. (...) Nossa reflexão, em seu conjunto, pretende configurar uma espécie de resposta à carta de Platão, apontando, assim, nossa posição sobre o exercício filosófico atual. Articularemos nosso propósito sobre dois momentos interconectados entre si: iniciaremos elucidando alguns pressupostos hermenêuticos de leitura do texto platônico com o escopo de explicitar nossos elogios à verdadeira filosofia. Our reading of the Seventh Letter starts from the assumption that philosophizing is based on an unceasing dialectical exercise that moves between phenomenology and hermeneutics of the real. Our goal here is, on the one hand, to justify the relevance and pertinence of philosophical hermeneutics and its appropriate application to philosophical texts and, on the other hand, to point out what we see as the core of that letter, viz. sketching the basic features of true philosophy and thus of true philosophers according to our reading of Plato's writing. As a whole, our reflection intends to be a kind of response to Plato's letter as it presents our position about the present exercise of philosophy. This is done through two interconnected moments: we begin by discussing some hermeneutical assumptions of the reading of Plato's text, then we express our praise of true philosophy. (shrink)

Philo of Alexandria is a forerunner of both the union of philosophy and theology and the biblical hermeneutics of the text at various levels of deepening. Heir of a long tradition had his thinking rejected in Judaism after a break in the first century AD with Greek culture, but remained as a reference of Patristics and all Christian thinking, having a perennial influence. The hermeneutics in Philo is studied, its option for Platonism, its allegorical method and what our author sought (...) to contemplate through this method. The union of Greek, Jewish and Christian cultures is approached, seeking to analyze the complex reality that emerged from this encounter and the mark it left in the Bible, the works of Philo and the authors who were influenced by him. (shrink)

Construed broadly as interpretation theory, hermeneutics could be understood to encompass all modes of interpretation (textual or otherwise), including any kind of literary criticism, from Aristotle's poetics to the New Criticism of the 1950s, as well as the French tradition of structuralism and even perhaps Derridean poststructural thought. Although Gadamer and Ricoeur both recognize the poetic work or, at least, lyric poetry, as belonging to a special class of literature, they do display somewhat different attitudes toward it. For Gadamer, one (...) of the hallmarks of the eminent text is its un‐translatability. That is, all literary works resist translation to one degree or another, but lyric poetry defies it altogether. In Part I of Truth and Method, Gadamer lays out the history of aesthetics and takes issue with the kind of “aesthetic consciousness” that takes the work of art as an object of study. (shrink)

The initial obstacle to the development of a hermeneutics of the natural sciences has been the inadequate translation, and thus misunderstanding, of the basic terms of Heidegger's ontological analysis ofthe protopractical human situation and its progressive technicization. Pragmatism's parallel analyses of the problem situation of scientists has promoted a more idiomatically English vocabulary. But 1) Gadamer's exclusion of domains and disciplines working with technical methods from his universal hermeneutics continues to be influential, this in spite of the genesis of (...) his project in Helmholtz's insights into the process of scientific discovery. 2) Markus thus depicts a distinctly different style of production, transmission, and reception of the technological texts of natural science. 3) Rouse's 1987 extension of pragmatic hermeneutics into the incipient politics of knowledge/power relations in laboratory science presents the usual frightening prospects connected with laboratory experimentation impacting on disciplinary social institutions. 4) Rouse's 1996 analysis of scientific practices in local narrative situations eschews the banner of hermeneutics and instead proposes to examine scientific-technological work by way of interdisciplinary ’ cultural studies, once the traditional loci of hermeneutic methodology. 5) A hermeneutic phenomenology of the natural sciences thus finds itself fundamentally challenged with respect to its rightful topics and roles in the analysis of increasingly technicized disciplines and domains. (shrink)

A tendência de uma sociologia do catolicismo contemporâneo no país nestes últimos anos foi de reduzi-lo a uma instituição política e social movida por interesses de poder no campo religioso e no espaço público, dispensando a mediação de sua cosmologia como pano de fundo de sua atuação. A partir do livro pioneiro de Roberto Romano (1976) que resgata o papel da cosmologia católica na sua intervenção pública, e seguindo os estudos de Sanchis (1994) e Steil (1996) que chamam a atenção (...) para o seu perfil de “estrutura de longa duração” que se (re)combina com os estilos das épocas que atravessa, a intenção deste texto é detectar numa hermenêutica de aspectos cruciais da Teologia católica e em dimensões estruturais de sua configuração, condutas e comportamentos pelo qual o catolicismo se faz presente na modernidade. Neste particular, a cosmologia não vai engendrar um comportamento holista-tradicional mas vai expressar-se traduzida para os códigos contemporâneos seja do individualismo, da subjetividade, da cultura psi, da auto-ajuda e da expresividade emocional e corporal. Palavras chave : Catolicismo. Cosmologia. Modernidade.: The trend in contemporary sociology of Catholicism in Brazil has been to reduce Catholicism to a political and social institution moved by the interests of power in religious as well as public spheres, ignoring the intervening role of its cosmology as a background for its actions and postures. The article takes as a starting point Roberto Romano’s (1976) pioneer work in the field, where the author reinstates the role of catholic cosmology in processes of institutional public intervention. It has equally drawn inspiration from Sanchis (1994) and Steil’s (1996) studies stressing on Catholicism’s institutional profile as a ‘structure of long duration’ that interacts with the various ways of living of different times and spaces. Accordingly, the main goal of the article is to identify in a hermeneutics of crucial aspects of Catholic theology and in structural dimensions of its configuration, the attitudes and behaviors that inform Catholicism’s presence in modernity. In this way, cosmology doesn’t underpins any traditional holistic behavior but finds expression in translations of contemporary codes like those of individualism, subjectivity, psy culture, self-help and emotional and bodily expressions. Key-words : Catholicism. Cosmology. Modernity. (shrink)

Se trata de mostrar que la“hermenéutica del testimonio” deRicoeur, a pesar de darle la dimensiónde la contingencia histórica que le faltaal concepto de “mundo del texto” y deintroducir la mediación histórica de laconciencia, no rompe con loslineamientos kantianos desde loscuales Ricoeur ha concebido suhermenéutica filosófica, ya que eltestimonio es pensado desde la relaciónkantiana entre las ideas y supresentación sensible.This paper intends to show that in spiteof the fact that Ricoeur’s “Hermeneuticsof Testimony” provides the historic dimension that is missing in the (...) conceptof “world of text” and introduces thehistoric conditioning of consciousness, inno way interrupts connection with the Kantian influence within which Ricoeur conceives his philosophical hermeneutics,since the notion of Testimony has been thought from the point of view of the Kantian relation between ideas and their perceptible presentation. (shrink)

The founding text of modern hermeneutics. Written by the philosopher and theologian Friedrich Schleiermacher as a method for the interpretation and textual criticism of the New Testament, it develops ideas about language and the interpretation of texts that are in many respects still unsurpassed and are becoming current in the contemporary philosophy of language. Contrary to the traditional view of Schleiermacher as a theorist of empathetic interpretation, in this text he offers a view of understanding that acknowledges both the structurally (...) and historically determined aspects of language and the need to take account of the activity of the individual subject in the constitution of meaning. This volume offers the text in a new translation by Andrew Bowie, together with related writings on secular hermeneutics and on language, and an introduction that places the texts in the context of Schleiermacher's philosophy as a whole. (shrink)

Resumo: O artigo a seguir tem como objetivo expor o pensamento hermenêutico de Friedrich Schleiermacher, levando em conta o contexto germinativo fértil de sua obra e sua influente posição filosófica, no âmbito do “primeiro romantismo alemão”. Schleiermacher renuncia a um importante fundamento transcendental a-histórico, em favor de uma compreensão situada, a qual se configura através do diálogo. A hipótese central deste artigo alerta que o desenvolvimento paralelo e sistemático das lições sobre ética, dialética e hermenêutica, em Schleiermacher, não é mera (...) coincidência, muito menos um sintoma isolado, senão que revela um projeto de caráter orgânico. Por um lado, será examinado - à luz de seus textos - o papel da linguagem como variável histórica e social para a compreensão e, por outro, algumas reflexões sobre as novas possibilidades de seu método hermenêutico e suas implicações, para a reflexão filosófica contemporânea.: The following article aims to expose the hermeneutic thought by Friedrich Schleiermacher, considering the fertile germinal context of his work and his influential philosophical position within the framework of “early romanticism”. Schleiermacher renounces an ahistorical transcendental foundation in favor of a situated understanding, which is configured through dialog. The central hypothesis of this article warns that the parallel and systematic development of the lessons on ethics, dialectics and hermeneutics in Schleiermacher is not a mere coincidence, much less an isolated symptom, but reveals a project of an organic nature. On the one hand, it is examined -in the light of their texts- the role of language as a historical and social variable for understanding and, on the other hand, some reflections on the new possibilities of his hermeneutical method and its consequences for contemporary philosophical reflection. (shrink)

Existen dos corrientes de la filosofía analítica en la historiografía: el neopositivismo de Hempel y la filosofía analítica de la historia de Gardiner y Danto. Para el primero, el modelo de la historiografía debe ser similar al de todo conocimiento científico, a saber, el modelo nomotético de las ciencias físicas y naturales. Para Gardiner y Danto, en cambio, este modelo debe desprenderse del propósito particular de los historiadores y del lenguaje acorde a dichos propósitos. Sus conclusiones abrieron la posibilidad de (...) una nueva perspectiva de análisis, el texto historiográfico, lo que impulsó la reflexión hacia la filosofía del lenguaje y la hermenéutica. There are two historiographic prospects of analytical philosophy: Hempel’s neo-positivism and Gardiner and Danto’s analytical philosophy of history. According to Hempel, the model of historiography should be the same as all scientific knowledge, namely, the nomothetic model of the physical and natural sciences. According to Gardiner and Danto, however, this model must arise from the purpose of historians and language consistent with those purposes. Gardiner and Danto’s conclusions opened the possibility of a new analytical perspective, the historiographic text, prompting the debate toward the philosophy of language and hermeneutics. (shrink)

This article searches in this pages that follow to reflect on the uptake of symbols and meanings of texts from the perspective of the French philosopher Paul Ricoeur. For this, as foundation brings up the discussion of the elements that make up its hermeneutic phenomenology of associative manner, aiming, in turn, to go beyond the task of capturing the meaning of texts and symbols. Thus, the research notes that the philosopher seems to want to apply a legitimate effort in understanding (...) ourselves and, above all, in the world. However, this perspective, it is not easy to see relations between understanding and explanation, since his own notion of text has a certain recovery of the meeting remain regarding how to cope with such relationships. Finally, this article argues through existential notions, the ricouerian hermeneutical defense of philosophy as enlightening function, then going to be an attempt at expression and proclamation of the sense of the unsaid. (shrink)

RESUMENEl artículo que se presenta aquí traducido se editó en alemán en un volumen homenaje al filósofo Heinrich Rombach, quien se ha sabido unido a la «escuela de Freiburg » (en Briesgau) y determinado por la conexión entre Husserl y Heidegger, que, a pesar de las diferencias, es Fenomenología. Amigos, colegas y discípulos del profesor Rombach, por entonces profesor activo de la Universidad de Würzburg, dejaron en ese volumen huellas de haber oteado brechas y caminos muy distintos, en pos de (...) alcanzar espacios abiertos, libres y diversos, propios de un filosofar que se sabe estructural, intermundano e intercultural. La participación de Franco Volpi, que se concentró en el Welt und Gegenwelt de Rombach, caminó a la par de quienes transitaron el primero de los tres movimientos, que emprendió la filosofía de Rombach y que se llama Hermética filosófica. Inspirado, pues, por la lectura del Welt und Gegenwelt, Volpi defiende que con el proyecto de la hermética el pensar de Rombach aventaja, de modo radical, la Zeitkritik de Heidegger de los fundamentos epocales, en cuyo caso el profesor italiano pone a consideración el aporte de la Hermética en la tradición de la filosofía alemana, que alcanza al fundador de la escuela hermeneútica. La carta de respuesta de Rombach, por su lado, desmiente el haber tenido que ver con la Zeitkritik heideggeriana, y lleva a primer plano lo fundamental del fenómeno hermético, esto es, la unidad inmediata e inseparable de ser humano y realidad, lo cual acontece como el respectivo caminar juntos o a la par, y sería algo con lo cual se topa quien lo pueda ver. Hermética sería entonces el arte de ver esa unidad inmediata.PALABRAS CLAVEROMBACH–HERMÉTICA–HERMENEÚTICA–FENOMENOLOGÍA–CONCREATIVO.ABSTRACTThis is a translation of an article originally published in German in a special issue dedicated to philosopher Heinrich Rombach. Rombach identified himself as a member of the “Freiburg School” in Breisgau, and delimited by the connection between Husserl and Heidegger, which, despite their differences is Phenomenology. Friends, colleagues and disciples of Professor Rombach, who was back then an active Professor at the University of Würzburg, left traces in this volume of having glimpsed very different paths and gaps in the pursuit of reaching free, open and diverse spaces, characteristic of a structural, intermundane, and intercultural way of doing philosophy. Franco Volpi’s contribution moved along others who focused on the Rombach`s Welt und Gegenwelt, following the first of three movements undertaken by Rombach`s philosophy, namely philosophical Hermetics. Inspired by Welt und Gegenwelt, Volpi claims that with the hermetic project, the thought of Rombach surpasses, in a radical way, the Heideggerian Zeitkritik, and so the Italian Professor examines the contribution of the Hermetics in the tradition of German philosophy, that includes the founder of the school of hermeneutics. The letter with Rombach`s reply to Volpi`s claim, on the other hand, denies Rombach`s involvement with the Zeikritik. Instead, Rombach emphasizes the centrality of the hermetic phenomenon, that is, the immediate and inseparable unity of human being and reality, which happens as they respectively move along together or at the same time, understood by Rombach as a special discover for who can grasp it. According to this, Hermetic is the art of seeing that immediate unity.KEYWORDSROMBACH–HERMETICS–HERMENEUTICS–PHENOMENOLOGY–CONCREATIVE. (shrink)

RESUMO Hans-Georg Gadamer retomou e elevou a atividade hermenêutica ao status de filosofia. Uma das suas idiossincrasias consiste em entrelaçar, no seu discurso, experiências de ordem ética, política, metafísica e estética. A hermenêutica filosófica pauta-se pela prática do diálogo sobre questões relativas ao pensar e à conduta humana. O presente artigo tem por meta realizar um exercício dialógico entre o projeto filosófico de Gadamer e o pensamento oriental - mais especificamente, o budismo zen da tradição da escola de Kyoto, representada (...) pelo pensamento de Nishida Kitarō. Nossa reflexão será articulada sobre quatro momentos distintos, mas que devem ser tomados dialeticamente: inicialmente, apresentaremos um quadro geral, indicando o estado da questão da hermenêutica gadameriana relativo ao pensamento oriental; a seguir, sustentaremos as semelhanças sobre o modo de proceder de ambas, sua metodologia dialética; posteriormente, aprofundaremos a noção fundamental de experiência e as proximidades que permeiam as perspectivas de ambas as tradições; enfim, como implicação das reflexões precedentes, sustentaremos a hipótese de um saber intuitivo enquanto experiência e ação intuitivas. Ao final, apontaremos algumas conclusões instauradas a partir desse exercício dialógico para a prática filosófica. ABSTRACT Hans-Georg Gadamer has taken over and raised hermeneutic activity to philosophy status. One of his idiosyncrasies is weaving, in his speech, ethical, political metaphysical and aesthetic experiences. Philosophical hermeneutics is guided by the practice of the dialogue on issues related to thinking and human behavior. This paper aims to perform a dialogic exercise between Gadamer's philosophical project and the Eastern thought-more specifically, the Zen Buddhism of Kyoto school tradition, represented by Nishida Kitarō's thought. Our reflection will be divided into four distinct moments that should be taken dialectally: first, we will present a general framework mentioning the status quaestionis of Gadamer's hermeneutics concerning Eastern thought; then, we will maintain the similarities on how the way to proceed in both, its dialectical methodology; subsequently, we will go deeper into the fundamental notion of experience and the proximities that permeate the perspective of both traditions; finally, as implication of foregoing reflections, we will maintain the hypothesis of an intuitive knowledge as intuitive experience and action. In order to conclude, we will consider some conclusions instituted from that dialogical exercise towards philosophical practice. (shrink)

RESUMENEl trabajo examina críticamente la afirmación central de la hermenéutica de Paul Ricoeur, a saber, que el soporte material de la escritura es el rasgo determinante para que una secuencia discursiva sea considerada como un texto. La escritura cancela las condiciones fácticas de la enunciación y crea, de este modo, un ámbito de sentido estable en el que se puede validar una concepción de la subjetividad que está implicada en las dos estrategias de lecturas (el análisis estructural y la apropiación), (...) esto es, un sujeto pasivo que se constituye por la idealidad del significado. Asimismo, el trabajo intentará precisar una serie de ambigüedades en el uso que Ricoeur hace del «ser en el mundo» para sostener la referencialidad del discurso.PALABRAS CLAVETEXTO, ESCRITURA, REFERENCIA, SUBJETIVIDAD, MUNDOABSTRACTThis paper critically examines the main assertion of Paul Ricoeur´s hermeneutics, i.e., that the material base of writing is the determining feature to consider a discursive sequence as a text. Writing cancels the factual conditions of enunciation and creates, in this way, a background of stable meaning where it is possible to validate a conception of subjectivity implicated in the two reading strategies (the structural analysis and the appropriation), i.e., a passive subject constituted by the ideality of meaning. Likewise, this paper aims to clarify some ambiguities in the way Ricoeur uses the «beings in the world» to support the discourse referentiality.KEY WORDSTEXT, WRITING, REFERENCE, SUBJECTIVITY, WORLD. (shrink)

En este texto se describe la estructura del acto de la lectura como encuentro entre la conciencia del lector y el texto de ficción —teniendo en la base la imaginación—. Con este propósito en mente, se lleva a cabo una lectura complementaria entre la hermenéutica del texto de Ricoeur y los análisis sobre la conciencia de fantasía de Husserl, en tres momentos: 1) explicitación de la autonomía semántica del texto de ficción sobre la base de la constitución de mundos de (...) fantasía en el modo “como si”; 2) descripción de la configuración de la experiencia de tiempo en el acto de la lectura como un modo de neutralización; y 3) descripción de la escisión del yo en el modo “como sí” constitutivo de los mundos de fantasía en la experiencia de la lectura como condición de posibilidad de la comprensión del sí mismo.This text describes the structure of the act of reading, based on imagination, as a meeting between the reader’s awareness and the fictional text. With this purpose in mind, a complementary reading is carried out between Ricoeur’s hermeneutics of the text and Husserl’s analyzes of fantasy consciousness, in three moments: 1) making explicit the semantic autonomy of the fictional text on the basis of the constitution of fantasy worlds in the “as if” mode; 2) description of the configuration of the time experience in the act of reading as a mode of neutralization; and 3) description of the splitting of the self in the “as-if” mode constitutive of fantasy worlds in the experience of reading as a condition of possibility of understanding the self. (shrink)

In the present work is addressed three defining aspects of the question hermeneutics as didactic and condition to generate a shared horizon of meaning. In the first place the dialog between the text, author and reader. Second, the opening of the horizon of meaning through the question and its radical ontological. Third, the role of tradition in the construction of rational discourse and breaking through a language polysemic. Finally, we conclude that the dialog that opens horizon and shared sense is (...) the only capable of building long-term consensus and, specifically, solutions. (shrink)

Resumo: Neste ensaio filosófico, discute-se o uso superficial que tem sido feito pela academia, de um modo geral, do conceito de necropolítica do filósofo camaronês Achille Mbembe, bem como da apropriação desse conceito nas redes sociais. Expõem-se as origens filosóficas do conceito e a tradição em que ele está inserido, com indicação de fontes fundamentais para sua construção. Com isso, procura-se expor, mesmo que sumariamente, uma definição da necropolítica, ao mesmo tempo que se convoca o leitor ao estudo dos textos (...) necessários para sua compreensão. Buscou-se problematizar, como pano de fundo, uma série de questões que atravessam hoje a academia, quando adota o pensamento decolonial e as tarefas que se encontram pela frente.: This essay is about discussing the superficial use that the academy has made, in general, of the concept of necropolitics, from cameroonian philosopher Achile Mbembe and its use in social media. The philosophical origins of this concept are exposed along with the tradition in which it is inserted and the the bibliographic sources necessary for its construction. It seeks to expose, even briefly, a more precise definition of necropolitics, at the same time that I invite the reader to study the texts necessary for its understanding. We try to problematize, as a background, a series of issues that cross the academy today when it adopts decolonial thinking and the tasks that lie ahead. (shrink)

Resumen: El presente trabajo se centra en los presupuestos hermenéuticos de los que parte la teoría comunicacional del derecho de Gregorio Robles, como doctrina que muestra una vía de superación de la dicotomía entre filosofía analítica y hermenéutica con la finalidad de hacer más claro el lenguaje de los juristas. Para ello, se analizan cuatro de las obras del autor, desde un punto de vista descriptivo y crítico, que presentan una mayor impronta hermenéutica como son Introducción a la Teoría del (...) Derecho, El Derecho como texto, Teoría del Derecho y Comunicación, lenguaje y derecho, para abordar el contexto en el que se mueve, sus influencias, la plausibilidad de la propia teoría dentro del marco analítico-hermenéutico, y el análisis descriptivo y crítico del manejo de determinados conceptos del debate hermenéutico en la teoría comunicacional del derecho. Abstract: The present paper focuses on the hermeneutical assumptions of Gregorio Robles’s communicational theory of law, as doctrine that shows a way of overcoming the dichotomy between analytical philosophy and hermeneutics in order to clarify the language of jurists. For that purpose, it analyzes four of the author’s works from a descriptive and critical point of view that present a greater hermeneutical influence such as Introduction to Legal Theory, Law as Text, Legal Theory and Communication, Language and Law, to tackle the context of the author, his influences, the plausibility of the theory itself within the analytical and hermeneutical framework, and the descriptive and critical analysis of the use of certain concepts of the hermeneutical debate in the communicational theory of law. (shrink)