Que nous apprend la vie publique urbaine de notre culture morale et politique? Comment perçoit-on les autres, et comment définit-on, dans l'espace limité des rencontres auxquelles nous expose le côtoiement urbain le plus routinier, le périmètre de ce que l'on doit à autrui, ce que l'on peut en attendre, en craindre ou en exiger? Des métamorphoses de la mendicité à la politisation du phénomène de «harcèlement de rue», l'étude des «relations en public» chère au sociologue américain Erving Goffman est ici (...) prolongée, pour analyser la façon dont les formes ordinaires de la coexistence urbaine participent à la fabrique de nos cultures démocratiques. L'ethnographie de longue durée menée par Carole Gayet-Viaud montre, au fil des séquences d'enquête, mêlant observations des espaces publics urbains (rues, transports, jardins, terrasses de café, etc.) et entretiens relatifs à ces expériences, le travail normatif à l'œuvre dans ces échanges. La définition des choses dues entre inconnus, telles que la vie publique les donne à voir, dessine ainsi une civilité irréductible à un corpus de règles qu'il ne s'agirait que d'appliquer. C'est, bien plutôt, une activité permanente de réglage des conduites, qui inscrit, dans des pratiques d'apparence anodine, aux frontières des sphères morale et politique, une définition située des exigences de la vie commune, des égards qui articulent un sens du juste et du convenable, et tentent de les faire coïncider."--Page 4 of cover. (shrink)

Phosphatidylinositol 5‐phosphate (PtdIns5P), the least characterized among the three phosphatidylinositol monophosphates, is emerging as a bioactive lipid involved in the control of several cellular functions. Similar to PtdIns3P, it is present in low amounts in mammalian cells, and can be detected at the plasma membrane and endomembranes as well as in the nucleus. Changes in PtdIns5P levels are observed in mammalian cells following specific stimuli or stresses, and in human diseases. Recently, the contribution of several enzymes such as PIKfyve, myotubularins, (...) and type II PtdInsP‐kinases to PtdIns5P metabolism has gained a strong experimental support. Here, we provide a picture emerging from recent studies showing how this lipid can be generated and act as a regulator of membrane and cytoskeleton dynamics, and as a modulator of gene expression. We briefly summarize the current methods and tools for studying PtdIns5P, and discuss how PtdIns5P can integrate and coordinate different functions in a spatiotemporal manner. (shrink)

By taking seriously the idea that democracy is a way of life, a pragmatist approach to democracy invites us to reconsider how manners and the political realm of free thought may be related. The present contribution argues that civil interactions are part of the experience of citizenship and represent one of the ways through which political principles can come to life. Civility is therefore described as an activity rather than a set of rules, the role of which in democratic life (...) has been often underestimated. In civil interactions, people struggle and hesitate, and even fight to establish conditions of respect, trust, solidarity, or authority. They practically define the bond between people who have nothing more in common than living in the same society. Far from being a mere mechanical or conservative repetition of inherited habits, civil interactions, when studied closely, exhibit the constant effort people make to promote what they care about. Civility should therefore be considered as an activity the difficulties associated with which aim at embodying through sociability, the political link between citizens. Hospitality to difference, helpfulness, attention to others, even quarrels over what is fair, discussions and reflections about the relevance of the categories through which people perceive one another, have to be analysed in this perspective, as effective parts of the activity of caring for the common world. (shrink)

Gaston Fessard employs Hegel’s dialectical logic to clarify how St. Ignatius’s _Spiritual Exercises_ envisage and prepare the decisions and choices between contrasting options or major turning points in spiritual life, in moments of what Ignatius would call _Election_.

Examines the changes during the twentieth century in the views of mathematics, physics, and the scientific method and discusses the role of the mind in science.

In Poetics of Reverie he considers the absolute origins of that imagery: language, sexuality, childhood, the Cartesian ego, and the universe.

In The Dialectic of Duration Gaston Bachelard addresses the nature of time in response to the writings of his great contemporary, Henri Bergson. For Bachelard, experienced time is irreducibly fractured and interrupted, as indeed are material events. At stake is an entire conception of the physical world, an entire approach to the philosophy of science. It was in this work that Bachelard first marshalled all the components of his visionary philosophy of science, with its steady insistence on the human (...) context and subtle encompassing of the irrational within the rational. (shrink)

Cet article a pour objet de montrer que la psychologie sociale peut contribuer à une analyse de la société envisagée à partir des divisions sociales existant dans les différents champs de la pratique. Ainsi, principalement à partir de la jonction entre la théorie des représentations sociales élaborée par Moscovici et les propositions de Doise, issues des travaux de Bourdieu, on montrera comment se constitue la correspondance entre les discours des individus et les positions qu'ils occupent dans un espace social. On (...) rendra compte ensuite de la manière dont la psychologie sociale peut envisager la question de la mobilité sociale en montrant comment des régulations sociales, formes programmatiques et représentées du changement, sont à l'oeuvre lors des déplacements positionnels.This article aims to show that social psychology can contribute to the analysis of society considered in the light of the fact that social divisions exist in the various fields of practice of this discipline. Starting from the general framework of the theory of social representations elaborated by Moscovici and from the propositions of Doise based on Bourdieu, we show how a correspondence is established between the discourses of individuals and the positions they occupy in a social space. Using the idea of social regulations, programmed and represented forms of changes of social positions, this article shows the ways in which social psychology can consider the question of social mobility. (shrink)

Francis de Lorraine, an important Catholic military leader of the first war of Religion, is mentioned in two chapters of the Essays which relate his behaviour outside the siege of Rouen (I, 23) and during the battle of Dreux (I, 45). Montaigne compares the conduct of the Duke of Guise with that of Augustus, then with that of Philopœmen and Agesilaus, in two parallels based on borrowings from Seneca and Plutarch. The analysis of chapters I, 23 and I, 45 allows (...) us to grasp Montaigne’s judgement of this controversial figure and the way in which his assessment is elaborated in the mirror of ancient conflicts. The evocation of the battle of Dreux, if it justifies the temporisation of Francis de Lorraine, who did not engage while the Constable of Montmorency was in trouble, suggests the possible moral imperfection of an effective choice. The anecdote of the siege of Rouen, on the other hand, celebrates the virtue of an ineffective clemency, which did not allow the Duke of Guise to escape assassination but demonstrated his moral value and the strength of his faith. Although Montaigne therefore praises the qualities of the Catholic leader, the parallels do not obscure the gaps of a portrait that does not offer the details expected in a ‘life’, a narrative form praised in the Essays, and instead make the silences and uncertainties evident. (shrink)

Ni religion ni philosophie, l'animisme est une compréhension neuve de la nature et sans doute aussi un art de vivre qui, face à un monde agité, nous apprend à mieux habiter le monde. Et si l'animisme s'avérait la seule possibilité de sauver l'homme? Par une nouvelle façon d'être au monde, cette pensée, souvent méconnue, se donne à vivre comme une contre-philosophie. Cette initiation est un éveil de l'être tout entier, une nouvelle cosmogonie qui se donne à lire. Il s'agit de (...) réapprivoiser son corps en réapprenant, par exemple, à respirer, à contempler, à se dessaisir du sens des choses, à apprendre à oublier le temps. Face à un monde agité et au seuil du chaos, l'animisme invite à retrouver l'aspect essentiel des choses. Instaurant un dialogue entre la philosophie occidentale et cette philosophie africaine, Gaston-Paul Effa décentre la perspective, et change de focale : et si une nouvelle révolution était en marche? Et si, contrairement à l'idée reçue, c'était la Nature qui humanisait l'Homme? (shrink)

Neoplatonic commentators found in Aristotle’s Categories a basis for participation and self-predication (or reflex predication). Although Simplicius seems to accept a certain type of self-predication (e.g., “quality is qualified”), Pseudo-Dionysius gives arguments against self-predication among caused things, making exception only for the divine nature insofar as the predicates preexist in their Cause (e.g., “God’s Beauty is beautiful”). Theologians such as Philip the Chancellor (1165/85–1236) and Thomas Aquinas adapt the Neoplatonic view of divine transcendence while also elaborating a transcendental conception of (...) metaphysics. These theologians in effect make ontological space for created substantial goodness. One sign of this second beginning in metaphysics is the ability to make reflex predications about creatures (e.g., “goodness is good”). Philip the Chancellor argues for this reflex predication in Summa de Bono (q. 9), and Thomas defends it at length in De veritate (q. 21, a. 4 ad 4). (shrink)

This article deals with the theatrical work of Francisco García Escalante, known as Francis, from the point of view of Gender and Queer Theory. Since the theater work of Francis belongs to popular culture, this article analyzes elements of Mexican Review Theater (similar to Musical Theater) in reference to the dynamics she used to present diverse masculinities on stage. This essay also compares Francis’ symbolical construction of gender with that of popular singer Juan Gabriel.

L’originalité de la philosophie de Bachelard tient à la place donnée, dans ses recherches, à l’imagination et à la poésie. En proposant « de considérer l’imagination comme une puissance majeure de la nature humaine », il a ainsi ouvert de nouveaux espaces de méditation et de réflexion philosophiques dont s’inspirent encore de nombreux philosophes.

The scholarly consensus is that Thomas Aquinas’s views about individuation changed over time. The consensus states that he wavered in his opinion about whether determinate dimensions or indeterminate dimensions serve in the individuation of corporeal substances. I argue that this consensus is mistaken. I focus on early texts of Thomas to argue that he relies on different types of dimensions to answer different problems of individuation. Determinate dimensions resolve a problem in the order of perfection, and indeterminate dimensions resolve a (...) problem in the order of generation. I explain texts that answer the problem of individuation in the order of perfection according to questions about universals, cognition, and science. I then explain texts that answer the problem of individuation in the order of generation. My conclusion argues that, despite abandoning the language, Thomas continues later in his career to rely on indeterminate dimensions to resolve the problem of individuation in the order of generation. (shrink)

En una de sus lecciones en Friburgo, hacia fines de 1951, Martin Heidegger pronunció una frase llamada a ser fuente de controversias y de exégesis inacabables: «La ciencia no piensa». La lección en la que aparece su frase provocadora se publicaría luego en su libro _¿Qué significa pensar?_, en 1954. En este trabajo analizamos las interpretaciones de esta frase, discutimos su dimensión política, y repensamos su significado en relación a su circularidad, i.e. a su carácter de dispositivo definitorio.

Pour Gaston Bachelard, le « non » signifie dépasser et compléter le savoir antérieur, la philosophie de la connaissance scientifique doit englober les contradictions. Il établit le profil épistémologique de l’évolution, du réalisme naïf au surrationalisme en passant par le rationalisme classique et élargit le domaine de l’intuition à ce qu’il appelle une « intuition travaillée»s’exerçant dans un espace non analytique.

Gaston Bachelard is one of the indespensable figures in the history of 20th-century ideas. The broad scope of his work has had a lasting impact in several fields - notable philosophy, architecture and literature.

The instant -- The problem of habit and discontinuous time -- The idea of progress and the intuition of discontinuous time -- Conclusion -- Appendix A: "Poetic instant and metaphysical instant" by Gaston Bachelard -- Appendix B: Reading Bachelard reading Siloe: an excerpt from "Introduction to Bachelard's poetics" by Jean Lescure -- Appendix C: A short biography of Gaston Bachelard.

The publication of FRAGMENTS OF A POETICS OF FIRE is a milestone in Bachelard studies that will influence the way we think about his themes & method for a long time to come. Dissatisfied with his earlier attempt to come to terms with the element of fire in "The Psychoanalysis of Fire" (1937), Bachelard returned to this theme in the book he was working on at the time of his death in 1962. Because of delays in &, eventually, the abandonment (...) of a projected edition of his complete works, these FRAGMENTS OF A POETICS OF FIRE remained unpublished & their very existence unknown to all but a handful of Bachelard's readers. The author's daughter, Suzanne Bachelard, edited them for separate publication over a quarter-century later in 1988. For the first time we have an insight into the way Bachelard constructed his remarkable books. Miss Bachelard's introduction & extensive notes are an indispensable guide to the workings of his mind as "he shapes a meandering series of observations on the phoenix, Prometheus, & Empedocles into a coherent & engaging structure that respects the fluidity & openness of a living image - the powerful image of fire.". (shrink)

Les approches classiques de l'engagement se sont principalement intéressées à ses déterminants, rapportés à des variables sociodémographiques, des dispositions, des vertus ou des rétributions, comme à autant de motifs déjà constitués en amont et extrinsèques à l'expérience de l'engagement. Or, les intérêts des personnes - et leur puissance d'agir elle-même - peuvent s'analyser comme des produits de l'engagement, pour peu qu'on le saisisse dans sa dimension temporelle, itérative et située. Envisagé comme expérience, il paraît indissociable d'une enquête menée à la (...) fois sur soi et sur le monde, où les personnes interrogent autant leurs propres désirs et possibilités d'agir, que la vie commune qu'elles souhaitent cultiver ou voir advenir. Ce volume rassemble une série de contributions théoriques et empiriques qui explorent des façons d'articuler souci de soi et souci du monde. Elles documentent la façon dont les engagements circulent entre différentes sphères de la vie et entre moments biographiques, en suivant les formes d'expérimentation auxquelles ils donnent lieu. Notre compréhension du rapport au politique s'en trouve enrichie, ressaisie depuis la trame des expériences de la vie commune faites en personne"--Page 4 of cover. (shrink)