La Comisión Mujeres y Ciencia del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) fue creada en 2002 como comisión asesora de la Presidencia para temas de género. En sus diez años de funcionamiento, la comisión ha contribuido a mejorar la carrera científica de las mujeres investigadoras del CSIC y a aumentar la visibilidad de los resultados de sus investigaciones. En este trabajo se resumen los orígenes y objetivos de esta comisión, así como las actividades realizadas desde 2002, y se analiza la (...) historia de la plantilla investigadora en ese periodo. Se recogen, también, los cambios producidos desde 2005 en la legislación española y europea en materia de igualdad de género. Al analizar específicamente los datos de la situación de las mujeres en 2003 y en 2012 desagregados por áreas de conocimiento, se muestra un avance en la proporción de mujeres en casi todas las áreas pero se está aún lejos del objetivo de paridad. El déficit en la presencia de mujeres es mayor en ciertas áreas y en el nivel profesional más alto, por lo que siguen siendo necesarias medidas activas para promover la igualdad, lo que a su vez contribuirá a la excelencia en las actividades científicas del CSIC. (shrink)

Being in a mood—such as an anxious, irritable, depressed, tranquil, or cheerful mood—tends to alter the way we react emotionally to the particular objects we encounter. But how, exactly, do moods alter the way we experience particular objects? Perceptualism, a popular approach to understanding affective experiences, holds that moods function like "colored lenses," altering the way we perceive the evaluative properties of the objects we encounter. In this essay, I offer a phenomenological analysis of the experience of being in a (...) mood that illustrates the limitations of the colored lens metaphor and demonstrates the basic inadequacy of the perceptualist account of moods. I argue that when we are in a mood, it is common to experience a kind of "emotional disconnection" in which we perceive evaluative properties that would normally elicit strong emotional reactions from us, but nonetheless we find that, in our present mood, we remain emotionally numb to these perceptions. Such experiences of "seeing but not feeling" are difficult to understand from within the perceptualist paradigm. Building on the work of Martin Heidegger, I sketch an alternative, phenomenological analysis of moods that can better account for experiences of emotional disconnection. On this alternative account, being in a mood does not merely alter the content of our perceptions but, rather, alters the way we interpret the overall significance of what we perceive, relative to a certain situational context. (shrink)

In this paper, I examine the humanism articulated by Jean-Paul Sartre in Existentialism is a humanism and I show that his proposal is underpinned by some problematic assumptions and biases that shape its deployment. I also argue that the Mexican philosopher Emilio Uranga offers us in his most important work, Analísis del Ser del Mexicano, some conceptual resources that allow us to articulate a humanism that does not fall prey to the problems faced by that of Sartre.

What would it mean for an emotion to successfully “recognize” something about an object toward which it is directed? Although the notion of "emotional recognition" is central to Rick Furtak’s _Knowing Emotions_, the text does not provide an account of this concept that enables us to assess the extent to which a given emotional response is recognitive. This article draws from the text to articulate a novel account of emotional recognition. According to this account, emotional recognition can be assessed not (...) only in terms of the “accuracy” of an emotional construal in a strictly epistemological sense, but also in terms of the quasi-ethical ideal of responding emotionally to what we encounter in ways that are “specific,” “deep," and “balanced.". (shrink)

Desde los inicios de la humanidad hasta finales de la Edad Media, la imagen del universo reflejaba una visión teológica, para girar en torno al hombre en el siglo XVI. Con la llegada de la revolución industrial, de la concepción cíclica del tiempo propugnada por el Humanismo se pasa a la idea moderna de progreso. Por último, se produce la evolución de la sociedad disciplinaria organizada en torno a la fábrica como lugar cerrado y en la que el individuo sabe (...) quien ostenta el poder, hasta la sociedad de control en la era tecnológica actual deslocalizada en empresas con individuos que tienen acceso a la información hasta cierto nivel. El hombre se sitúa en el panóptico y sabe que está siendo observado, convertido en una forma de entretenimiento voyeurístico y exhibicionista. La perversión del mundo informatizado en el que el optimismo ante la posibilidad de verlo todo, se contrapone al control de la información y a la vigilancia permanente. Esta deshumanización afecta también al terreno plástico, que pretende dar soluciones a través de un arte participativo con nuevos planteamientos, estéticas y soportes. Obras abiertas que deben ser ejecutadas, y no solo leídas. (shrink)

Though it is held that some models in science have explanatory value, there is no conclusive agreement on what provides them with this value. One common view is that models have explanatory value vis-à-vis some target systems because they are developed using an abstraction process. Though I think this is correct, I believe it is not the whole picture. In this paper, I argue that, in addition to the well-known process of abstraction understood as an omission of features or information, (...) there is also a family of abstraction processes that involve aggregation of features or information and that these processes play an important role in endowing the models they are used to build with explanatory value. After offering a taxonomy of abstraction processes involving aggregation, I show by considering in detail several models drawn from different sciences that the abstraction processes involving aggregation that are used to build these models are responsible for their having explanatory value. (shrink)

David Hume offers a well conceived plan for the formation of government and its political workings. Furthermore, he grants that in special circumstances the citizens of a particular government may revolt. However, with respect to obedience and disloyalty, Hume gives no formal rules for revolution. We would like something more from Hume regarding revolution and, more specifically, what he considers justified revolution. Some authors, such as Richard H. Dees, find the basis for Hume’s account of justified revolution in his historical (...) works. By connecting Hume’s historical writings with his political theory, we find a fuller account of revolution. Such an account, however, does not require him to give a rule or maxim prescribing revolution since such a rule or maxim would obviously go against his political theory as stated in the Treatise and his political essays. In sum, justified revolution for Hume centers around the established political practices and the principled causes held by factions. Unjustified revolutions, however, are denoted by lack of adherence to established practices and want of a genuine cause. They are, rather, motivated by speculative factions subject to fanaticism and enthusiasm which are the foundations of Hume’s political worries. These central tenets of Hume’s view of revolution are delineated within this paper. (shrink)

Cette contribution s’inscrit dans l’axe de recherche des projets CIRIT, 2009 SGR 808, et MCeI, FFI2009-09630. Merci à Laia de Ahumada, Maria Toldrà et Pep Valsalobre pour leur collaboration. L’intérêt pour l’écriture féminine antérieure à la fin de l’Ancien Régime va grandissant de façon significative dans l’aire linguistique catalane, en Catalogne, mais aussi dans la Communauté Valencienne et aux Îles Baléares, au moment où l’histoire des femmes se développe et se renforce. Avant les années...

La unidad sistemática de la razón para Immanuel Kant es una cuestión de todo o nada. Este artículo tiene el objeto de analizar la noción de unidad sistemática de la razón en la Crítica de la razón pura y su reformulación en la Crítica de la facultad de juzgar para dar unidad a la razón en sus usos teórico y práctico. Primero, revisamos la unidad sistemática según la Doctrina Trascendental del Método. Segundo, revisamos el Apéndice a la dialéctica trascendental como (...) candidato posible, pero problemático para la unidad de la razón. Tercero, mostramos brevemente el principio trascendental de conformidad a fin del juicio reflexionante como apto para dar unidad a la naturaleza y la libertad y cumplir la exigencia práctica del concepto cósmico de filosofía. (shrink)

The advances of the Christian kingdoms in the war against Islam, their sharing of the same conditions of life and danger, the defence and protection of the borderline areas of the frontier, had as a result the existence of a great similarity in their institutional organization and social relations. In this way, a consideration of those common features is the best basis for the study of the fueros or cartas de población granted to the settlers of the new lands conquered (...) from the Moors. (shrink)

En este trabajo respondo a las críticas dirigidas en Ser y tiempo contra la fenomenología scheleriana del valor, que se amparan en la omisión de la correspondiente teoría fenomenológica de los tipos de unidad cósica. Tras mostrar que los reproches de Heidegger no alcanzan el punto de vista defendido por Scheler, evidencio que este no solo anticipa en más de una década, dentro de la propia fenomenología, la tesis de la primacía de la vida práctica sostenida en Ser y tiempo, (...) sino que, de hecho, únicamente la tematización scheleriana del valor la hace viable. Por último, argumento que la comprensión heideggeriana de la «mundanidad» (Weltlichkeit) del mundo, realizada también al margen de la categoría de «cosa», la aproxima descriptivamente al «entorno» (Umwelt) de Scheler —y no tanto al «mundo» (Welt)—, lo cual refuerza la acusación de vitalismo que este dirigió contra Heidegger en su escrito póstumo El problema emocional de la realidad. (shrink)

The present paper argues that the Venezuelan-Chilean philosopher Andrés Bello constitutes an important but heretofore neglected prefiguration of Richard Rorty. I argue for this thesis by articulating first an Inter-American philosophical narrative (based on previous work by Alex Stehn and Carlos Sanchez) that enables me to highlight certain common characteristics in philosophical projects that flourished across the Americas. Having done this, I show that Rorty’s anti-representationalism and anti-foundationalism are prefigured in Bello’s most important philosophical treatise, Filosofía del Entendimiento, to the (...) extent that Bello recognizes the problems posed by the ocular metaphors that are systematically used by Early modern philosophers such as Descartes or Locke, and suggests their elimination and replacement by other metaphors. Finally, I conclude that, if my arguments are correct, the intellectual geography of neo-pragmatism needs to be expanded beyond traditional geographies such as Europe and the US. (shrink)

El artículo pretende evidenciar la dimensión política –en un sentido amplio– de la confesión y la inquisición en su emergencia como procedimientos para sentenciar el pecado oculto. Lo hace al insertar ambos en las formas duales, pastorales y jurídicas, que desarrolla el gobierno eclesiástico plenomedieval para la condena de la inobediencia a la nueva ortodoxia y ortopraxis romana. A este respecto, los dispositivos confesional e inquisitorial se comprenden en relación con la emergencia de lo herético como impugnación obstinada al gobierno (...) romano –en la tensión entre el gobierno de sí y de los otros–. (shrink)

Mixing methods is a well-known innovative meth- odologic proposal for research in the second half of the 20th century social sciences. Reading literature about it, I observed the aspect that justifies this paper: Authors of theoretical contributions on mixing methods recognized that this was known to be a practice already in use many centuries ago. Some of them even have re-examined the whole history of the scientific method to search precedents. They are however individual and theoretical precedents. I add in (...) this paper the practical projection of these and other methodological theories on people’s training from Greek classical times. My hypothesis is that liberal arts was the basic syllabus in Western -and westernized- educaion for more than a millennium in such a way that results of their training precisely involved to mixing methods. In return, to understand the liberal arts in the light of mixing methods shows new aspects of their historical interest. I study the theoretical basis of this syllabus from Cicero to Alcuin. More important for future research, I conclude that Alcuin’s thesis about the correspondence between the gifts of the Holy Spiritu and the seven liberal arts can be extended to the Aristotelian dianoethics habits and to Dilthey’s 20th-century sciences of mind. (shrink)

The Novohispanic nun Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz has not been traditionally considered as a philosopher within the Anglophone philosophical sphere because her writings are primarily poems and plays. In the last three decades, only a few philosophers have engaged with Sor Juana's works. However, their scholarship has focused only on a narrow range of issues, such as Sor Juana's defense of the right of women to be educated, and has neglected other dimensions of her thought, such as her (...) position on self-control. In this study, I argue that, in contraposition to traditional interpretations of Sor Juana's views on self-control offered by Octavio Paz and Anna More, it is better to read her as adopting a stance on self‐control that prefigures a position recently adopted by Al Mele (who distinguishes having self‐control from being self‐controlled). In particular, I show that the interpretation that I propose is better than the others I discuss because it fits better Sor Juana's apologetic goals. (shrink)

El artículo muestra ei papel que jugó la radio en Colombia desde el momento de su aparición en el escenario social, su papel educativo y sus vínculos con el desarrollo industrial, con la configuración de las ciudades y com la necesidad de formar una identidad nacional. Hace énfasis en la forma corno desde allí se cuestionó la educación formal irnpartida desde la escuela y en la aparición de un nuevo paradigma para la educación, relacionado con el surgimento de la sociedad (...) de masas. Desde entonces la educación seria un asunto social que trascendía la edad de los escolares y se debía proyectar a toda la población. (shrink)

The documentary genre is one of the audiovisual mechanisms with the greatest media efficiency in the transmission of reality. However, depending on the nature of the story, the construction of the textual and audiovisual discourse is altered. In this article, we consider the following questions: Is the documentary a format that is faithful to reality? What modifications does the discourse undergo so that the story is enhanced? To go deeper into this aspect, we intend to analyse the different elements that (...) make up the documentary discourse in its transition from reality to fictionalised narrative. To this end, an inspection of the environmental dissemination documentary My Octopus Teacher (Netflix, 2020) will be carried out. An audiovisual proposal in which the coexistence between human and animal life turns environmental dissemination into a powerful instrument for transmitting scientific knowledge. (shrink)

Filosofía y cultura novohispana -- Un tema de antropología filosófica : los indígenas americanos son seres humanos -- Humanismo novohispano -- Colofón : "Indio".

El objetivo del artículo es operacionalizar teóricamente la complementariedad significativa, de tres niveles de significación social (representaciones sociales, imaginarios y mitologías), a través de la construcción discursiva en la prensa alternativa digital chilena. A nivel metodológico, se aplica el análisis de contenido cualitativo, analizando dos notas de prensa pertenecientes a El Desconcierto y El Mostrador, haciendo alusión a la temática de la Marcha más Grande de Chile acaecida durante el Estallido Social de 2019. En términos de hallazgos y conclusiones se (...) evidencia a nivel teórico y operativo la estrecha dialéctica y complementariedad entre las tres nociones teóricas de significación mencionadas. (shrink)

El presente artículo se propone aclarar la doble lectura del tiempo presente en los documentos conservados de la escuela estoica, sirviéndose para ello del paralelismo existente entre el tiempo y los demás incorpóreos –la pareja vacío-lugar y el expresable– y ampliando la investigación a la Ética, disciplina que sirve de coronamiento al sistema y desde la que es posible apreciar con mayor nitidez el papel clave que la noción de tiempo desempeña en el conjunto del estoicismo y en su hostil (...) reacción frente al aristotelismo. (shrink)