A collection of essays on the work of Latin American philosopher Enrique Dussel, focusing on his ethics of liberation.

"Epistola a Memeceo, Maximas capitales, Sentencias vaticanas, fragmentos y testimonios; texto griego y traduccion": p. [87]-161.

This article applies a constructivist perspective to the analysis of a town-planning innovation. The so-called Cerdà Plan for the extension of Barcelona was launched in the 1860s and gave this city one of its most characteristic present features. For different reasons it can be considered an extraordinary case in town-planing history, though almost unknown to international scholars. The authors analyze the intense controversy that developed around the extension plan and the three technological frames involved. Finally, the relationship between power and (...) technology is discussed. The sociohistorical account is used to illustrate a specific concept of power, to be used in a politics of technology. (shrink)

Within Ajzen's Planned Behavior Theory framework, this article tests a model to estimate the predictors of entrepreneurial intention in academic scientists working in Chile. We adapted into Spanish the entrepreneurship intention questionnaire. We tested the entrepreneurship intention model on a sample of 1,027 scientists leading research projects funded by the Chilean Scientific and Technological Development Fund, the country's primary scientific research grant. The results show strong empirical support for the entrepreneurship intention model proposed while highlighting some critical issues specific to (...) entrepreneurial intention in scientists. In particular, we found an indirect effect of perceived subjective social support on entrepreneurial intention, which is mediated by entrepreneurial attitude and perceived behavioral control toward entrepreneurship. These results suggest that policies orientated toward promoting academic entrepreneurship should include developing a healthy social environment toward it, meaning that entrepreneurial intention is not only an individual but an organizational challenge. These policies should analyze the social norms guiding the scientists' reference groups to increase their effectiveness. (shrink)

Although sustainable and responsible investment (SRI) has quite recently become a hot research topic, scarcely any systematic research has been paid to the performance of this non-conventional approach to investment during the financial crisis that emerged in mid-2008 when the resilience of the financial markets was sorely tested. Such real-world resilience in practice is the subject of the current research which tests whether environmental, social and governance screens provides ethical investors with adaptive resilience in bull and bear market conditions by (...) focussing on the SRI equity index of one of the most active markets in Europe in terms of ethical investment, the FTSE4Good-Ibex in Spain. Multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (M-GARCH) analysis indicates that ethical investors in the equity market examined with evidence that greater resilience in severe business cycle shocks could be attributable to SRI by companies. Although limited to a single country study, the results have implications for investors seeking resilience in crisis: when individual values and beliefs towards sustainability tie with personal investment strategy, the end result is adaptive financial resilience, social well-being and environmental defence. (shrink)

Advertising is a booming activity both in the physical realm and on the Internet. Online advertising is growing and is subject to legal standards, although some self-imposed ethical standards for the industry are needed. This has been called self-regulation. This article examines the important role that self-regulation can play in addressing advertising that uses degrading and discriminatory images of women that compromise their dignity. Sexist advertising is a reification of women—stereotypes and sexist social models—that do not convey a realistic image (...) of a woman’s abilities and potential. This article analyzes specific decisions on the subject issued by the Jury of the Spanish Association for the Self-Regulation of Commercial Communication. The Jury’s decisions are based on a code of ethics. The technical expertise and impartiality manifested in its decisions have produced a high degree of credibility and confidence in the organization. (shrink)

En los últimos años se está produciendo una importante recuperación del pensamiento de Georg Simmel. Dicha importancia no radica sólo en el valor de Simmel como clásico de la filosofía, sino también en la imperiosa actualidad de sus teorías e ideas filosóficas y sociológicas. A estos esfuerzos de actualización del pensamiento simmeliano quiero sumar un estudio de las principales ideas de su antropología filosófica. El hecho de que podamos tomar su antropología como una síntesis y modernización de la tesis marxistas (...) y nietzscheanas es una evidencia de la importancia que pueden tener las ideas de Simmel hoy día. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este artículo es el de presentar las principales ideas de la antropología filosófica de Georg Simmel para, a partir de ellas, confeccionar un cuadro general de la estructura anímica del individuo moderno. (shrink)

In this article we present a new class of multiple contraction functionswhich are a generalization of the epistemic entrenchment-based contractions (Grdenfors & Makinson, 1988) to the case of contractions by (possibly nonsingleton) sets of sentences and provide an axiomatic characterization for that class of functions. Moreover, we show that the class of epistemic entrenchment-based multiple contractions coincides with the class of system of spheres-based multiple contractions introduced in Fermé & Reis (2012).

Enrique Dussel's writings span the theology of liberation, critiques of discourse ethics, evaluations of Marx, Levinas, Habermas, and others, but most importantly, the development of a philosophy written from the underside of Eurocentric modernist teleologies, an ethics of the impoverished, and the articulation of a unique Latin American theoretical perspective. This anthology of original articles by U.S. philosophers elucidating Dussel's thought, offers critical analyses from a variety of perspectives, including feminist ones. Also included is an essay by Dussel that responds (...) to these essays. (shrink)

La multitemporalidad cumple una función importante en la novela “Condiciones Extremas” (1998, 2000 y 2005) del colombiano Juan B. Gutiérrez. Este texto es una hipernovela que presenta una organización narrativa temporal desfamiliarizadora anclada en las tendencias temáticas y estrategias textuales generales de las obras de ciencia ficción. La dispersión de la subjetividad de los personajes se observa en la narrativa y en la representación del texto como un hipermedia adaptable en donde la manipulación del elemento temporal es un aspecto esencial (...) en la interpretación de la narrativa digital. En la presentación y estructuración de su narrativa, “Condiciones Extremas” utiliza Literatrónica en su última versión. Éste es un motor de inteligencia artificial que preselecciona vínculos para que el lector-usuario siga en la construcción de la(s) historia(s) de la obra. Literatrónica trata de evitar la posible dispersión del sujeto-lector que se asocia con las múltiples alternativas de navegación de un hipertexto, proporcionándole a su lector-usuario una narrativa coherente, al estilo de las narrativas no-virtuales, presente desde el principio. De tal forma que cualquiera que sea la ruta de navegación por la que el lector-usuario opte, no se va a impedir una experiencia narrativa “completa” de la novela. (shrink)

El objetivo de este trabajo es exponer los resultados de una intervención docente diseñada para la enseñanza de la filosofía en el nivel medio superior. Aquí se sostiene que el problema social de la violencia y el conflicto puede ser aminorado si se educa a las nuevas generaciones para el diálogo, y más aún para el diálogo filosófico. A partir de este supuesto se diseñó y se puso en marcha una propuesta didáctica basada en el aprendizaje colaborativo y en un (...) concepto de diálogo entendido como un intercambio argumentativo entre los participantes, orientado a una meta para la construcción colectiva de sentido. Se expone de manera general el problema que se avizora en la sociedad contemporánea, para después explicar los principios teóricos que se adoptaron para la planeación didáctica, finalmente se dan a conocer los resultados de la experiencia que se llevó a cabo a través de recursos digitales en el contexto de la pandemia por Covid-19. Se observa que a pesar de los límites que impone la educación a través de la pantalla, el estudiantado se apropia de los contenidos filosóficos, y además pone en juego sus habilidades para dialogar, argumentar y construir en común. (shrink)

In this paper, I draw on phenomenological analyses of religious voice-hearing and related experiences to elucidate the role of phenomenology in discerning benign from pathological religious experience. First, I present phenomenological discontinuities between cases of benign and pathological voice-hearing by drawing on a study of first-person accounts of voice-hearers within the Pentecostal movement which evinces that voice-hearing is not inherently pathological. Second, I introduce the epidemiological continuity of psychotic-like phenomena by drawing on a study of the contextual and responsive differences (...) between clinical and non-clinical voice-hearers which point to the contexts wherein voice-hearing does not lead to pathology. Third, I present a successful case where the meaning of the anomalous experiences is validated and normalized by drawing on studies of mediumistic experience which illuminate its therapeutic benefits. Finally, I argue that failing to take the voice-hearer’s lived experience into account in the diagnostic moment can result in the pathologization of benign experiences. (shrink)

In the Work that she presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Society for the Advancement of American Philosophy, 7 March 2013, in Galloway, New Jersey, Sassen most tellingly began her keynote with a reflection on method. She spoke of “Before Method.” She spoke of the need to step back, and suspend our extant methods. Emergent social orders, or what she called, in her massive and transformational text Territory, Authority, Rights: From Medieval to Global Assemblages, the emergence of new (...) assemblages, requires that we rethink our old categories, or that we try to assess their usefulness or allow ourselves to countenance their obsolescence. The “before method,” and the invitation to step back, to bracket, or to .. (shrink)

Para Robert Nozick, é preciso entender se o Estado é necessário e o modo como ele pode ser compreendido sem ofender direitos. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo explorar conceitos elementares da teoria de Robert Nozick para a conformação de uma teoria política razoável. Inicialmente, foi apresentado um panorama da concepção libertária desenvolvida por Nozick, baseado na primeira parte da obra Anarquia, Estado e Utopia, tendo em vista que é um autor de bases teóricas distintas e pouco estudado pela academia. (...) Posteriormente, foram analisados alguns aspectos de sua ideia de sociedade política e de seus integrantes, confrontando com conceitos teóricos do pensador contemporâneo John Rawls. Por fim, algumas características de tese de Nozick foram examinados para entender se seria uma doutrina abrangente e como poderia ser caracterizada como racional e razoável frente a pluralidade de concepções da boa vida. (shrink)

El jesuita Francisco Suárez como eminente teólogo, filósofo y jurista de su época juega un papel relevante como precedente en la construcción de las categorías del pensamiento moderno. Una de estas categorías, no contemporánea del doctor eximio, es la de los derechos humanos. Son muchos los autores que anticipan alguno de sus elementos fundamentales ya en el pensamiento en torno al Derecho que desarrolla Francisco Suárez en sus principales tratados de filosofía jurídica y política como el De Legibus y la (...) Defensio fidei. En este trabajo trataremos de conectar la virtualidad del planteamiento suarista en el ámbito de los derechos humanos, explorando en su obra estos antecedentes y la dirección en la que los mismos se dirigen, así como las posibilidades de dialogo que abre en torno a la construcción de la concepción de los derechos humanos en el contexto actual. (shrink)

L'histoire de la réception littéraire de l'Utopie de Thomas More au Portugal a été une histoire d'omissions, de censures et de traductions différées qui met en évidence un défaut dans le système culturel portugais. En effet, il est quelque peu ironique qu'une œuvre aussi représentative de la littérature et de la pensée occidentale, historiquement associée à l'ouverture des horizons géographiques du monde, et qui attribue au personnage d'un marin lusitanien, Raphaël Hythlodée, la découverte d'un lieu idéal, n'a été traduite en (...) portugais que dans la seconde moitié du vingtième siècle. Cependant, la première décennie du vingt-et-unième siècle semble annoncer une fortune littéraire plus favorable à l'Utopie de More dans la langue portugaise: non seulement une édition du chef d'œuvre de More a finalement été traduite du latin, mais aussi deux romans ont été publiés en 2004, A lenda de Martim Regos, de Pedro Canais, et Rafael, de Manuel Alegre. Dans le cadre de leurs propres déroulements narratifs, les deux œuvres réaccentuent les traits complexes du personnage du marin portugais et découvreur de l'île idéale. La même réinvention du personnage de Raphaël avait déjà été tentée, en 1998, par José V. de Pina Martins dans son long récit dialogique Utopia III. Dans cet essai, je me concentrerai à la fois sur les sources documentaires liées à la culture portugaise qui sont à la base de l'Utopie de More et sur certains aspects pertinents de la réception du personnage de Raphaël Hythlodée dans les romans susmentionnés. (shrink)

O artigo realiza uma avaliação sobre os afastamentos reais do pensamento arqueológico de Foucault em relação à epistemologia histórica francesa. O objetivo é mostrar que as ideias de descontinuidade e recorrência da epistemologia de Canguilhem provocou efeitos decisivos sobre a arqueologia de Foucault. Mesmo se o arqueólogo do saber evoca uma nova maneira de praticar a história das ciências, a marca epistemológica de Canguilhem parece sempre estar presente.

Throughout the history of Ontology, the comprehension of Being has often deviated from its original path and taken different directions. What are the consequences of this detour when it comes to the current conception about the phenomenon we call Education? From the Fundamental Ontology of Martin Heidegger until the considerations of other contemporary thinkers, this article proposes an involvement and commitment regarding the task of deconstructing the history of Ontology in order to enable an approach that unveils the most original (...) essence of Education as παιδεία. This is the challenge that concerns all those who somehow confront the questions related to everydayness and the possibility of Dasein to find its truth even in face of the dictatorship of the ‘they’. Therefore, the aim of these reflections is to offer a new and introductory perspective that can open a horizon of projects in which we become transparent to ourselves in our resoluteness. (shrink)

En este artículo se discute el reciente libro de Jürgen Habermas, Die Zukunft der menschlichen Natur. Auf dem Weg zu einer liberalen Eugenik . Se presta especial atención al argumento central relacionado con los efectos negativos que podría tener la aceptación general de la clonación y el diagnóstico génico preimplantacional sobre la autocomprensión moral y política de las generaciones presentes y futuras. La discusión continúa con una crítica a los argumentos centrales de Habermas contra el DGP, y desarrolla al menos (...) dos razonamientos que están en armonía con su defensa general de la democracia procedimental y la moral deontológica. Se apela a Peter Singer y John Rawls para desarrollar argumentos que no se oponen ni al DGP ni a la ingeniería genética y que, no obstante, están totalmente de acuerdo con el espíritu de la modernidad política, tal y como lo defiende y define Habermas. La conclusión insta a una crítica de las biotecnologías desencadenadas por la revolución de la información que tenga un carácter menos moralizante y más político-económico. (shrink)

Resumen: Este artículo sostiene que la regla en el mundo social es el cambio, en todas las escalas de tiempo, sin ciclos ni periodicidades. Por consiguiente, el tema que emerge inmediatamente es la irregularidad del mundo. Si esto es cierto, deben ser posibles unas ciencias sociales irregulares. El mejor antecedente para una idea semejante se encuentra en la comprensión del propio Mandelbrot acerca de los fractales y multifractales. Las ciencias sociales tratan radicalmente, de fenómenos irrepetibles, singulares. Estos han sido llamados (...) como eventos raros. De esta suerte, una nueva epistemología emerge y es posible. Al final se muestra que existen nexos fuertes entre las ciencias sociales con la biología y la ecología. Pero en ese punto, el texto termina abierto.: This paper claims that change is the rule in the social world, in all scales of time, without cycles or periodic dynamics. Hereafter, the topic that immediately arises is the irregularity of the world. If this is true, then irregular social sciences are to be possible. The best antecedent of such an idea is to be found in Mandelbrot’s own understanding of fractals and multifractals. Thus, the social sciences radically deal with phenomena that are in no way repeated, for they are singular. Such events have been called as rare events. In thus tenure, a brand-new epistemology arises and is possible. At the end, some connections between the social sciences and biology and ecology are depicted. That, however, is where this text ends and remains open. (shrink)

No cartesianismo contemporâneo, devido à retomada da teoria da livre criação das verdades eternas, alguns intérpretes trazem ao debate internacional um interessante viés interpretativo do pensamento de Descartes. Segundo eles, ao apresentar a indiferença da vontade como atributo de Deus, Descartes instaura uma concepção totalmente perigosa, da qual derivam a incompatibilidade entre a indiferença divina e o sistema cartesiano, deflagrando, enfim, um irracionalismo radical.

In this article I study Kant's doctrine of the power of judgement. I focus on its main function of rendering possible the transition from the lawfulness of nature to the realization of practical ends. In order to do so, I analyze the concept of “spontaneity” and the principle of “purposiveness of nature”, understood as a “principle of contingency”, according to Kant's explanation in the Critique of the Power of Judgement.

The rise of digital networks consolidates a new type of religious activism that increases the so-called conservative wave in the Brazilian context. These are new dynamics that support to saturate the boundary between the spheres of religious and politics, a key characteristic of the orthodox ideal of secularization. In this paper, we examine the role of conservative evangelical digital activism in the 2018 presidential election, characterized by the open engagement of churches and religious in the electoral dispute, mobilizing their networks (...) of believers, especially around a moral agenda. The research is based on the combination of the use of available data extracted from secondary sources and the exploratory study on the networks based on a non-probabilistic sample obtained through intentional sampling procedures. It was observed that evangelical electoral engagement in networks is the result of the consolidation of conservative counter-secularization movements. In a context of pluralism, digital networks allow, paradoxically, in addition to giving voice and visibility to many minorities, a reaction to these progressive advances, with a direct impact on the victory of Jair Bolsonaro. (shrink)

Este artigo procura situar aspectos importantes da leitura de Schopenhauer acerca da filosofia de Kant, especialmente no que concerne ao Esquematismo Transcendental. Schopenhauer promove uma revisão dos principais conceitos presentes na obra de Kant, ao mesmo tempo em que promove uma crítica do conteúdo do pensamento do filósofo de Könnisberg, preenchendo o que julga serem lacunas importantes do pensamento kantiano e investindo diretamente contra aquilo que considera os seus equívocos.

Resumen El presente ensayo explora el alcance que poseen para la pregunta fundamental por la vida buena las reflexiones que Harry Frankfurt ha elaborado acerca de la importancia que atribuimos a ciertas cosas en general, y acerca del amor como una forma señalada en que alguien o algo puede sernos importante. Comienzo examinando las razones por las que, según el autor, resulta imposible ofrecer una respuesta no circular a dicha pregunta, razones que vuelven necesario un modo indirecto de abordarla. A (...) partir de la noción frankfurtiana de importancia propongo a continuación una crítica a la llamada teoría del deseo, el enfoque más influyente en las discusiones actuales en torno al bienestar o la vida buena. Finalmente, y luego de referirme a la necesidad, apuntada por Susan Wolf, de tomar en cuenta el valor objetivo de aquello que nos importa, presento dos consideraciones mediante las cuales intento, con y contra Frankfurt, destacar lo que me parece más valioso de sus ideas acerca del amor.This essay explores the impact of Harry Frankfurt’s reflections on the importance we attach to certain things in general, as well as on love as a marked way in which something or someone can be important to us, to the fundamental question of the good life. I begin by examining the reasons why, according to the author, it is impossible to offer a non-circular answer to this question, reasons that make necessary an indirect way of approaching it. Starting from the Frankfurtian notion of importance, I then propose a critique of the so-called theory of desire, the most influential approach in current discussions about well-being or the good life. Finally, and after referring to the need, pointed out by Susan Wolf, to take into account the objective value of what matters to us, I present two considerations through which I try, with and against Frankfurt, to highlight what seems most valuable to me of his ideas about love. (shrink)