A Short Modern History of Studying Sacrobosco’s De sphaera. The treatise generally known as De sphaera offered at the beginning of the 13th century a general image of the structure of the Cosmos. In this paper I’m first trying to present a triple stake with which this treaty of Johannes de Sacrobosco (c. 1195 - c. 1256). This effort is intended to draw a context upon the treaty on which I will present in the second part of this paper namely, (...) a short modern history of studying this treaty starting from the beginning of the 20th century up to this day. The first stake consists in the well-known episode of translation of the XI-XII centuries in the Latin milieu of the Greek and Arabic treaties. The treatise De sphaera taking over, assimilating and comparing some of the new translations of the texts dedicated to astronomy. The second consists in the fact that Sacrobosco`s work can be considered a response to a need of renewal of the curriculum dedicated to astronomy at the University of Paris. And the third consists in the novelty and the need to use the De sphaera treatise in the Parisian University’s curriculum of the 13th century. (shrink)

This article reconsiders the historical and typological relation between Greek maturation rituals and Greek mystery religion. Particular attention is given to the word κλεινός (‘illustrious’) and its ritual uses in two roughly contemporary Late Classical sources: an Orphic-Bacchic funerary gold leaf from Hipponion in Magna Graecia and Ephorus’ account of a Cretan pederastic age-transition rite. In both contexts, κλεινός marks an elevated status conferred by initiation. (This usage finds antecedents in Alcman'sPartheneia.) Without positing direct development between puberty rites and mysteries, (...) the article argues on the basis of shared vocabulary and other ritual elements that age-transitions influenced the ideology of mystery cults. It is further claimed that puberty rites and mysteries performed similar functions in their respective social contexts, despite obvious differences of prestige and visibility. Age-transition rites have been analysed in Bourdieu's terms as ‘rites of institution’, in which young elites were publicly affirmed in civic roles: private mysteries can be described in analogous but opposed terms as rites of ‘counter-institution’, in which familiar ritual language and symbols of elite status were used to construct an alternative ‘imagined community’ of mystery initiates. (shrink)

There is an internal connection between ecclesiology, the teaching about the Church that we call academic ecclesiology, and mission, which is the inner heart of the Church and becomes visible through different practices. For the Orthodox Church involved in the ecumenical movement, there is a struggle to balance ecclesiology (theology) with ecumenical mission and dialogue (practice) in a divided Christian world. Nevertheless, the recent Synod of Crete (June 2016) addressed some important elements of this struggle. I have in mind, (...) for example, the act to accept the historical name of other non-Orthodox Christian Churches and Confessions that are not in communion with it. Also, this is the first Synod of the Orthodox Churches in modern times at which ecumenical dialogue, especially in the World Council of Churches, is officially affirmed. Because of mission dialogue has to continue, “if we wish never to ‘put an obstacle in the way of the gospel of Christ’ (1 Cor 9:12).” The present paper highlights those statements of the Holy and Great Council which have direct relevance for discussing the relation of ecclesiology and mission. I assert that we should understand firstly the document Relations of the Orthodox Church with the Rest of the of the Christian World and only then reflect upon The Mission of the Orthodox Church in Today’s World (MOCT). Furthermore, I will make some references to the other texts which were central for this conference: The Cape Town Commitment (CTC), Together Towards Life (TTL) and Apostolic Exhortation Evangelii Gaudium (EG). I conclude by exposing briefly my reflections after reading these mission documents and by formulating some agenda points for further work in theology of mission. (shrink)

A persistent tradition existed in antiquity linking Caria with the island of Crete. This central theme of regional history is mirrored in the civic mythologies, cults and toponyms of southwestern Anatolia. This book explains why by approaching this diverse body of material with a broad chronological view, taking into account both the origins of this regional narrative and its endurance. It considers the mythologies in the light of archaeologically attested contacts during the Bronze Age, exploring whether such interaction could (...) have left a residuum in later traditions. The continued relevance of this aspect of Carian history is then considered in the light of contacts during the Classical and Hellenistic periods, with analysis of how, and in which contexts, traditions survived. The Carians were an Anatolian people; however, their integration into the mythological framework of the Greek world reveals that interaction with the Aegean was a fundamental aspect of their history. (shrink)

Early in Aeneid 3 Aeneas visits Delos and approaches the temple of Apollo with a request for advice on the destination for which the refugees should head. There is an immediate response to his questions : uix ea fatus eram: tremere omnia uisa repente, liminaque laurusque dei, totusque moueri mons circum et mugire adytis cortina reclusis.

L’article présente les résultats des sondages menés dans les niveaux néopalatiaux sous le Quartier Nu à Malia (Crète) entre 1988 et 1993. La stratigraphie, les vestiges architecturaux et le matériel décrits permettent d’identifier plusieurs unités domestiques détruites par un incendie à un stade avancé du Minoen Récent IA, peut-être lié à l’éruption du volcan de Santorin. L’architecture et les fragments d’enduits peints témoignent de la qualité de l’habitat néopalatial, qui reprend en partie les murs de l’occupation antérieure, protopalatiale, et dicte (...) ensuite l’orientation du Quartier Nu au Minoen Récent IIIA2-B. (shrink)

nos numerus sumus et frugis consumere nati,sponsi Penelopae nebulones Alcinoiquein cute curanda plus aequo operata iuuentus,cui pulchrum fuit in medios dormire dies et 30ad strepitum citharae cessatum ducere curam.ut iugulent hominem, surgunt de nocte latrones:ut te ipsum serues, non expergisceris?We are ciphers, born to eat bread, the worthless suitors of Penelope and the young men of Alcinous’ court, all too concerned with keeping their skin attractive, who thought it a fine thing to sleep till midday and * * * To (...) murder a man, thieves get up at night; to save yourself, won't you wake up? (shrink)

In this study, I will analyse the position of the Orthodox Church(es) towards the ecumenical dialogue in accordance with the documents approved by the Synod of Crete (2016), but also with the social document For the Life of the World of the Ecumenical Patriarchate (2020). After a brief presentation of the important moments of the historical journey for the meeting of the Synod, I will present the most important internal and reception issues of it. In the following, I will (...) present the reason for the publication of the social document and the relation with the Synod of Crete. In the last part of the study, I will deal critically with a theological synthesis on the following topics: ecclesiological self-identity, Trinitarian baptism, the quality of being a Christian, the Orthodox Church and the Churches, ecumenism for dialogue, for witnessing, and cooperation. Of course, in the end, I will present the most important conclusions. (shrink)

De la ville antique d'Éleftherna, siège episcopal de Crète à l'époque paléochrétienne, proviennent trois chapiteaux qui présentent un intérêt particulier. Travaillés dans le calcaire local ils relèvent — pour deux d'entre eux du moins — du type des « chapiteaux mixtes » puisqu'ils associent deux types différents de chapiteaux à deux zones. Les chapiteaux d'Éleftherna, datés de la première moitié du VIe s., suivent fidèlement les modèles constantinopolitains, mais ils s'inscrivent sans aucun doute dans la production d'un atelier local dont (...) nous trouvons des œuvres dans plusieurs monuments de la région de Mylopotamos. (shrink)

Name der Zeitschrift: Klio Jahrgang: 99 Heft: 1 Seiten: 51-88.

Starting from the investigation of the documents issued by the Bishops who participated in the Holy Pan-Orthodox Council held in June 2016 in Crete, the author speaks in this research about the way in which ecumenism is understood from the perspective of this important event. The article tries to answer the question 'How did the event influence the Orthodox attitude towards ecumenism?' analysing documents, Mission of the Orthodox Church in Today's World and Relations of the Orthodox Church with the (...) Rest of the Christian World, he shows that the dialogue entailed by ecumenism is perceived nowadays, according to the documents of the World Council of Churches, like a pilgrimage of justice and peace, and he highlights the main topics of this perception. Therefore, he shows that, according to the documents, a real and fruitful dialogue with other Christian faiths must be based on the Trinitarian witness, the Bible, the Tradition, the Creed and the teaching of the Seven Councils and that, among its main topics, one must definitely mention the witness, love, dialogue, the fight against discrimination or the care for the future of the Earth. The relevance of the ecclesiological background and of its understanding for the future of this dialogue is also mentioned. The documents are investigated in a deductive and comparative-analytic way by the author. If before the Council there was no official general attitude of the Orthodox space regarding ecumenism, nor an official document on this topic - although between 1968 and 1998, all the Orthodox Churches were members of the WCC - after this event, there is an official position and a list of main topics that could be developed and principles that should be respected for a fruitful dialogue in the future, at least for the Churches that took part in the Council. By analysing the aforementioned topics, by correlating them with other texts dedicated to the Council of Crete, and also by emphasising the perception of the Orthodox Church about ecumenical dialogue and its developments starting from the aforementioned event, the research brings into attention a sensitive topic and highlights some of its important, but not enough highlighted, aspects. (shrink)

Ioannis Spatharakis has produced a book about the iconography of seventy-three painted churches of Crete. Given the lack of an exhaustive photographic publication of the Byzantine wall paintings of the island and the relatively few monographs on individual churches, in the past forty years scholars have attempted to compile synthetic works with mixed results. Three other volumes have dealt with Cretan frescoes prior to Spatharakis's book reviewed here: K. D. Kalokyris, The Byzantine Wall Paintings of Crete (New York, (...) 1973); Manfred Bissinger, Kreta. Byzantinische Wandmalerei. Münchener Arbeiten zur Kunstgeschichte und Archäologie 4 (Munich, 1996); and to a lesser degree Klaus Gallas, Klaus Wessel, and Manolis Borboudakis, Byzantinisches Kreta. Studium und Reise. (Munich, 1983) which is a learned, comprehensive travel guide. (shrink)

Nikos Panagiotakis, L'évolution archéologique de la Pédiada (Crète centrale) : premier bilan d'une prospection p. 327-430. La présente étude est un résumé de la prospection de surface effectuée dans la Pédiada, en Crète centale. Cette prospection se proposait d'explorer la dynamique de la région qui, géographiquement, constitue l'arrière-pays des grands palais minoens de Cnossos et de Malia. Un grand nombre de sites archéologiques ont été repérés, allant du Néolithique à l'époque vénitienne, avec une intense activité architecturale durant les périodes paléopalatiale, (...) néopalatiale, archaïque, romaine et vénitienne. Les résultats attestent de l'importance diachronique de la Pédiada, essentiellement due à sa position géographique et à ses richesses naturelles. (shrink)

Olivier Pelon et Anne Schmitt Étude en laboratoire des céramiques dites de Vassiliki (Crète orientale) p. 431-442. La céramique minoenne dite de Vassiliki est datée du Minoen Ancien II et se rencontre sur la plupart des sites crétois de cette époque ; très reconnaissable, elle se caractérise par un décor flammé constitué de plaques irrégulières, rouges orangées et noires. Pour la détermination de son lieu de production, on a procédé à l'étude chimique globale par fluorescence X, complétée par une étude (...) pétrographique, de divers échantillons provenant de Malia, de Myrtos-Pyrgos, de Myrtos-Fournou Koryphi et de Vassiliki même. Cette étude conduit à distinguer deux groupes de composition chimique différente. Le premier, bien représenté à Malia et à Vassiliki – ce qui autorise l'hypothèse d'échanges entre les deux sites –, pourrait provenir de Vassiliki. Le second, de facture beaucoup plus grossière et beaucoup plus abondant que le premier à Malia, est, selon toute vraisemblance, de provenance locale ; les caractéristiques de l'argile utilisée le rapprochent en effet de celle des formations métamorphiques du massif du Sélinari, à quelques kilomètres à l'Est du site. (shrink)

The sanctuary of Demeter at Vamies (Itanos, East Crete). Topography, architecture and small terracotta figurines The survey conducted on the territory of Itanos has led to the discovery of numerous sites. This paper focuses on a small sanctuary located in the immediate vicinity of the ancient town. The site was cleared of brushwood and intensively surveyed in 1996. This work revealed the foundations of a rectangular building and produced a lot of pottery and terracotta figurines. This paper offers a (...) general presentation of the topography of the site, as well as a comprehensive catalogue and full discussion of the terracotta figurines. The latter offer various hints for the identification of the worshipped deity, probably Demeter, whereas the analysis of their stylistic features provide clues to the origin of these pieces, offering interesting parallels with other cult deposits in Eastern Crete. Finally, they allow examining the notion of Eteocretan identity when applied to material culture. (shrink)