Name der Zeitschrift: Klio Jahrgang: 97 Heft: 1 Seiten: 377-382.

Tácito fue uno de los escritores más reconocidos en los círculos intelectuales de la América revolucionaria. No se conservan muchas referencias explícitas en los escritos del periodo, pero su influencia es perceptible en los argumentos empleados para legitimar la independencia del Imperio británico. En el siguiente trabajo, se identificarán los elementos de la obra de Tácito que fueron recuperados por los padres fundadores durante la revolución. Las traducciones consultadas de clara ideología whig, modelaron la interpretación de la obra de Tácito (...) y su aplicación en la práctica política. Además, se analizará su empleo en el debate político de formas bien distintas, pero siempre por su utilidad en la construcción de la nueva república. (shrink)

En sus ensayos autofigurativos, más allá de proponer al lector una imagen de sí, Hernando Téllez revela la denodada lucha que libra por no permitir que la fuerza del olvido, inherente al transcurso de vida, lo alcance por completo. Su obra, que a través de una cuidadosa prosa consigue hacer sólidos planteamientos respecto a temas esenciales como el amor, la soledad, la infancia, la juventud y la vejez, logra también hacer guiños a la obra de un autor como Marcel Proust, (...) quien se preguntó qué tanto tienen que ver la memoria y el olvido con esos conceptos y la forma como los percibimos. (shrink)

In this article, I introduce a semiosic translation of Wittgenstein’s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. The theoretical framework is Semiosic Translation, a theory that combines Peirce’s interpretive semiotics and Wittgenstein’s notions of rule-following and complex-fact. I seek to show that this approach is particularly adroit at the task of making the sometimes cryptic philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein accessible to readers. To support this assertion, I compare and analyze several canonical translations of the Tractatus with possible semiosic translations. The results show that Wittgenstein’s work (...) throughout its different phases displays a continuity that reaches a genuine abductive peak in the Philosophical Investigations. This abductive, usage-based turn is, nonetheless, announced in the Tractatus in terms of a quest for semiotic accuracy. (shrink)

Inconsistency toleration is the phenomenon of working with inconsistent information without threatening one’s rationality. Here I address the role that ignorance plays for the tolerance of contradictions in the empirical sciences. In particular, I contend that there are two types of ignorance that, when present, can make epistemic agents to be rationally inclined to tolerate a contradiction. The first is factual ignorance, understood as temporary undecidability of the truth values of the conflicting propositions. The second is what I call “ignorance (...) of theoretical structure”, which is lack of knowledge of relevant inference patterns within a specific theory. I argue that these two types of ignorance can be explanatory of the scientists’ rational disposition to be tolerant towards contradictions, and I illustrate this with a case study from neutrino physics. (shrink)

Information is a notion of wide use and great intuitive appeal, and hence, not surprisingly, different formal paradigms claim part of it, from Shannon channel theory to Kolmogorov complexity. Information is also a widely used term in logic, but a similar diversity repeats itself: there are several competing logical accounts of this notion, ranging from semantic to syntactic. In this chapter, we will discuss three major logical accounts of information.

In this paper, I explore a new type of semiotic translation in the context of Audiovisual Translation Studies (AVTS). To that end, a set of formulaic sequencesbestowed of pragmalinguistic value (hedging strings) is analysed. It is argued that the semiotic analysis of conversational features in English may contribute to facilitate their pedagogical exploitation in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. This analysis builds theoretically on a semiotic translational framework termed Semiosic Translation (and its subset, Semiosic Subtitling) predicated upon three (...) types of translation: (i) Metaleptic translation; (ii) indexical translation; and (iii) translation as dynamic discontinuity. Th e translational rationale thus arrived at is deemed to account for what it is that binds together linguistic signs with other sign systems. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:FÉLIX MaRTÍNEZ-?????? TOWARDS A FORMAL ONTOLOGY OF FICTIONAL WORLDS In this discussion ' I propose a few concepts for the description and classification of fictional "worlds." The variety of fictional systems of"reality" can be understood, I diink, as an aspect ofthe phenomenon of style in literary imagination.2 But styles of imagination or of vision, and die style of literary works, are more than simply kinds of fictional worlds. To (...) put in some perspective my attempt at classification of literary works according to their systems of reality, I will make first a few remarks on the notion of style. It is a well-known preliminary problem when speaking of style diat this word seems to have more than one meaning in ordinary usage. I think that some ofits current meanings are rich and important, and that literary knowledge would profit if we could reconstruct them in abstract and defined concepts, so that the notions involved were somewhat clarified. I doubt diat diis is possible with current conceptual tools. We can see what is meant, say, when we hear diat a certain person we know "has style"; and we certainly distinguish diis attribute from others such as elegance, good manners, character, taste, originality, mannerisms, or idiosyncracies. Thus, we occasionally perceive in personal behavior a phenomenon called style. A conceptual description or a satisfactory definition of such a given, however, seems very difficult. Speaking of matters of art and literature, "style" has been used, among other things, to designate both the conventional forms of traditional expression (as in "manuals of style") and the anomalous, convention-breaking forms of highly individuated creation (as in die classic conception of Vosslerian-Spitzerian Stylistics, or in Buffon's "Le style c'est l'homme même," as usually understood). Style, dien, as conformity and style as singularity and deviance; style as impersonal decorum and as presence of a unique personal essence in the work. This perplexing ambiguity may be reducible though. Whether conventional and common or personal and innovative, style appears to be a form that characterizes and holds together a creation or a phenomenal entity. Indeed, the fact that 182 Félix Martínez-Bonati183 singular innovations of style often become the common trait of a school or current and sometimes a part of general tradition seems to indicate that neither singularity nor general acceptance are the most basic elements of die notion of style. On first reflection, we may conceive of style as a formal principle that consistently determines the constitution of die pertinent objects. Nonetíieless, constitutive form is too weak a definition for style, since it would also apply to what is called "technique" and even to genre. We must look for a more specific determination. There is anodier ambiguity in everyday uses of die word "style" diat deserves attention. We speak often of "good style" and "bad style." But sometimes we speak as if no style is bad and the thing that matters is to have style at all and as much of it as possible. Thus, we condemn a work because of its having no style or only a weak one. This contradiction probably derives from the confusion of a particular normative, a general normative, and a merely descriptive notion of style. We should keep, if possible, to a merely descriptive notion. Still another uncertainty of usage, in literary matters, relates to the (not universally accepted) restriction of the notion of style to a linguistic one; style, in this restricted usage, is seen as primarily an attribute of diction. The most numerous of literary studies of die style of singular works have been, so far as I can see, descriptions of idiolects. In many cases, the linguistic peculiarity is taken as an index of the world-view or die style of imagination diat is supposed to have produced the work. Alternative to this approach, indeed complementary, is the study of literary style as an attribute of die fictional entities to which literary discourse refers. We find the latter kind of approach mostly in characterizations of genres or of periods ("the naturalist novel," "romance," "classicism," etc.). One may suppose that an exhaustive analysis of the idiolect of a work... (shrink)

Miller (2005) and Miller (2008) argue that the branching picture of time is incompatible with the possibility of backwards time travel. In this paper I show that Miller’s conclusion is based on a hidden assumption which, while generally plausible, is unwarranted if time travel is possible. Branching time is, after all, compatible with time travel as Miller characterises it.

El autor nos muestra el papel de los "famoli" en las transmigraciones marítimas y en las fundaciones de colonias ultramarinas. Ahí se encuentra un importantísimo elemento de "humanidad".In this text is explained the important task that Vico attributes to "famoli" in the marine transmigrations and the foundations of ultramarine colonies. There is a most important element of "humanity".

El concepto de Cassirer de autorreflexión del hombre como forma elemental de conocimiento y la teoría del concepto de contemplación de Warburg, coinciden en su orientación hacia la comprensión del mundo. Ésta puede ser entendida a través de la manifestación de la espiritualidad artística en los símbolos y su función mnémica.Cassirer’s concept of human self-reflection as an elemental form of knowledge and Warburg’s theory of contemplation, coincide in their orientation towards the comprehension of the world. This orientation can be understood (...) through the manifestation of artistic spirituality in symbols and their mnemic function. (shrink)

Temas actuales de Lógica y Filosofía Analítica 143 John Corcoran Notes on the Founding of Logics and Metalogic: Aristotle, Boole, and Tarski 177 Ignacio ...

Debunks cherished theories of mainstream consensus and reveals the deeper mysteries of the science of the unseen.

El propósito de este trabajo es analizar la crítica de Ernst Cassirer a la concepción cristiana del mundo intentando darle una respuesta a partir de su teoría fenomenológica de la conciencia perceptiva. Para ello intentaremos aplicar sus postulados al principio moral de la visión que desarrollaron tres teólogos tardomedievales.

Resenha do livro do mesmo título de Daniel Feierstein.

La Exhortación postsinodal Sacramentum caritatis es algo más que un documento parenético del Magisterio. La amplia temática eucarística que contempla y expone ordenadamente da pie para intuir -y probar- que la verdad sacramental de la Cena cristiana puede servir de eje central sobre el que articular una exposición integral e integradora del misterio cristiano y del poliédrico discurso de la fe.El artículo presentado, además de efectuar un recorrido sistemático por las tres perspectivas eucarísticas presentadas en el texto pontificio -como fe (...) creída, como fe celebrada, como fe vivida en el mundo- y de sopesar críticamente sus contenidos, apuesta por una conclusión que el documento apenas esboza: la verdad eucarística como clave interpretativa de la fe y de la identidad cristianas. (shrink)

En este escrito presentamos los principales resultados de un trabajo de investigación realizado entre 2010 y 2012, que tuvo como uno de sus objetivos centrales analizar las representaciones de las condiciones objetivas de existencia asignadas a personajes de películas animadas infantiles. Se trabajó con tres producciones de gran consumo en el mercado mundial. El análisis realizado nos permite señalar que, a pesar de los cambios sociales que se produjeron a lo largo de casi 40 años, las películas infantiles tienden a (...) recuperar modos de representación históricamente legitimadas, que coadyuvan a la reproducción de sentidos y jerarquías dominantes. (shrink)

Dada la actual situación de la mujer en la Iglesia es difícil pensar en un cambio a corto e incluso largo plazo, pero como éste es el tema que me han pedido desarrollar en este número monográfico de Crítica he decidido que lo mejor es soñar. Soñar es una manera de alentar el deseo y éste tiene una gran fuerza transformadora. Soñar es el primer paso para cambiar la realidad, es una manera de hacer verdad las utopías y � empujar (...) la historia en la dirección de lo soñado�. (shrink)

Walter Benjamin’s work stands out because of the different topics he collects and presents as pieces of a puzzle that cannot always reach the same image. This paper collects his approach to photography in an effort to show the relation between this topic and his concept of history. In other words, we are regarding the space of photography as a source able to unbend –according to Benjamin’s dialectics– new forms of telling, perceiving and studying history. For this purpose, three key (...) moments are proposed: First, the achievement of a method that, through a narrative instrument, privileges the concept glance for its development; second, the presentation of the topic photography and its characterization in Benjamins’s thinking, and finally, the exposition of the relation between photography and history, in an attempt to point out the possibilities of the photographic glance to provide images with historical sense. (shrink)

Why do we have social norms—of fairness, cooperation, trust, property, or gender? Modern-day Humeans, as I call them, believe these norms are best accounted for in cultural evolutionary terms, as adaptive solutions to recurrent problems of social interaction. In this paper, I discuss a challenge to this “Humean Program.” Social norms involve widespread behaviors, but also distinctive psychological attitudes and dispositions. According to the challenge, Humean accounts of norms leave their psychological side unexplained. They explain, say, why we share equally, (...) but not why we disapprove of those who don’t. I defend the Humean Program against this challenge. In particular, I suggest an idea for how to extend the Program to account for the psychological side of norms. Socially adaptive behaviors aren’t just likely to emerge in a group; They are also likely to be widely taught within it. The transmission of these behaviors through instruction explains why they are associated with distinctive normative attitudes and dispositions. These attitudes play a pedagogical role in helping transmit these behaviors to children and newcomers. (shrink)