Results for 'Brain lesion'

984 found
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  1.  98
    More Brain Lesions: Kathleen V. Wilkes.Kathleen V. Wilkes - 1980 - Philosophy 55 (214):455 - 470.
    As philosophers of mind we seem to hold in common no very clear view about the relevance that work in psychology or the neurosciences may or may not have to our own favourite questions—even if we call the subject ‘philosophical psychology’. For example, in the literature we find articles on pain some of which do, some of which don't, rely more or less heavily on, for example, the work of Melzack and Wall; the puzzle cases used so extensively in discussions (...)
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  2.  32
    Brain-lesion-induced hyperexploration.Charles M. Miezejeski & Leonard W. Hamilton - 1977 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 10 (4):343-346.
  3.  27
    Structural Brain Lesions and Gait Pathology in Children With Spastic Cerebral Palsy.Eirini Papageorgiou, Nathalie De Beukelaer, Cristina Simon-Martinez, Lisa Mailleux, Anja Van Campenhout, Kaat Desloovere & Els Ortibus - 2020 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 14.
  4.  27
    Analysis of Brain Lesion Impact on Balance and Gait Following Stroke.Shirley Handelzalts, Itshak Melzer & Nachum Soroker - 2019 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 13:421112.
    Falls are a leading cause of serious injury and restricted participation among persons with stroke (PwS). Reactive balance control is essential for fall prevention, however, only a few studies have explored the effects of lesion characteristics (location and extent) on balance control in PwS. We aimed to assess the impact of lesion characteristics on reactive and anticipatory balance capacity, gait, and hemiparetic lower limb function, in PwS. Forty-six subacute PwS were exposed to forward, backward, right and left unannounced (...)
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  5. The effect of unilateral brain lesion on matching famous and unknown faces given either the internal or the external features: A study on patients with unilateral brain lesions.E. H. F. De Haan, D. C. Hay, H. D. Ellis, F. Jeeves, F. Newcombe & A. W. Young - 1986 - In H. Ellis, M. Jeeves, F. Newcombe & Andrew W. Young, Aspects of Face Processing. Martinus Nijhoff.
     
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  6.  23
    Neurofeedback in patients with frontal brain lesions: A randomized, controlled double-blind trial.Christine Annaheim, Kerstin Hug, Caroline Stumm, Maya Messerli, Yves Simon & Margret Hund-Georgiadis - 2022 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 16:979723.
    BackgroundFrontal brain dysfunction is a major challenge in neurorehabilitation. Neurofeedback (NF), as an EEG-based brain training method, is currently applied in a wide spectrum of mental health conditions, including traumatic brain injury.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the capacity of Infra-Low Frequency Neurofeedback (ILF-NF) to promote the recovery of brain function in patients with frontal brain injury.Materials and methodsTwenty patients hospitalized at a neurorehabilitation clinic in Switzerland with recently acquired, frontal and optionally other brain lesions (...)
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  7. The Moral Obligation to Prioritize Research Into Deep Brain Stimulation Over Brain Lesioning Procedures for Severe Enduring Anorexia Nervosa.Jonathan Pugh, Jacinta Tan, Tipu Aziz & Rebecca J. Park - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychiatry 9:523.
    Deep Brain Stimulation is currently being investigated as an experimental treatment for patients suffering from treatment-refractory AN, with an increasing number of case reports and small-scale trials published. Although still at an exploratory and experimental stage, initial results have been promising. Despite the risks associated with an invasive neurosurgical procedure and the long-term implantation of a foreign body, DBS has a number of advantageous features for patients with SE-AN. Stimulation can be fine-tuned to the specific needs of the particular (...)
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  8.  34
    Is the Motor System Necessary for Processing Action and Abstract Emotion Words? Evidence from Focal Brain Lesions.Felix R. Dreyer, Dietmar Frey, Sophie Arana, Sarah von Saldern, Thomas Picht, Peter Vajkoczy & Friedemann Pulvermüller - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6.
  9.  13
    Abstract VII: Between the Will to Madness and Brain Lesions.Marcel Gauchet & Gladys Swain - 2012 - In Gladys Swain & Marcel Gauchet, Madness and Democracy: The Modern Psychiatric Universe: The Modern Psychiatric Universe. Princeton University Press. pp. 149-149.
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  10. The neurological approach to the problem of perception.W. Russell Brain - 1946 - Philosophy 21 (July):133-146.
    I much appreciate the honour of being invited to deliver the first Manson lecture, which, its founder has laid down, is to be devoted to the consideration of some subject of common interest to philosophy and medicine. I cannot think of anything which better fulfils that condition than the neurological approach to the problem of perception. The neurologist holds the bridge between body and mind. Every day he meets with examples of disordered perception and he learns from observing the effects (...)
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  11. On two forms of writing defect following local brain lesions.E. G. Simernitskaya - 1974 - In Stuart J. Dimond & J. Graham Beaumont, Hemisphere Function in the Human Brain. Elek. pp. 335--344.
  12. Identification of neuroanatomical substrates of set-shifting ability: evidence from patients with focal brain lesions.P. Mukhopadhyay [ - 2008 - In Rahul Banerjee & Bikas K. Chakrabarti, Models of brain and mind: physical, computational, and psychological approaches. Boston: Elsevier.
     
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  13.  36
    Primary motor cortex mapping in brain-lesioned patients using MEG resting-state functional connectivity.Coquelet Nicolas, Wens Vincent, Bourguignon Mathieu, Carrette Evelien, Op De Beeck Marc, Marty Brice, Van Bogaert Patrick, Goldman Serge & De Tiège Xavier - 2014 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
  14. Neurological substrates of emotional and social intelligence: Evidence from patients with focal brain lesions.Antoine Bechara & Reuven Bar-On - 2006 - In John T. Cacioppo, Penny S. Visser & Cynthia L. Pickett, Social Neuroscience: People Thinking About Thinking People. MIT Press. pp. 13--40.
  15.  11
    Exploratory Investigation of Brain MRI Lesions According to Whole Sample and Visual Function Subtyping in Children With Cerebral Visual Impairment.Hanna Sakki, Naomi J. Dale, Kshitij Mankad, Jenefer Sargent, Giacomo Talenti & Richard Bowman - 2022 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 15.
    Background: There is limited research on brain lesions in children with cerebral visual impairment of heterogeneous etiologies and according to associated subtyping and vision dysfunctions. This study was part of a larger project establishing data-driven subtypes of childhood CVI according to visual dysfunctions. Currently there is no consensus in relation to assessment, diagnosis and classification of CVI and more information about brain lesions may be of potential diagnostic value.Aim: This study aimed to investigate overall patterns of brain (...)
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  16.  38
    Lesion analysis of the brain areas involved in language comprehension.Nina F. Dronkers, David P. Wilkins, Robert D. Van Valin, Brenda B. Redfern & Jeri J. Jaeger - 2004 - Cognition 92 (1-2):145-177.
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  17.  40
    Lesion analysis of the brain areas involved in language comprehension.N. F. Dronkers, D. P. Wilkins, R. D. Valin, B. B. Redfern & J. J. Jaeger - 2003 - Cognition 92 (1-2):145-177.
  18.  41
    Orbitofrontal Lesion Alters Brain Dynamics of Emotion-Attention and Emotion-Cognitive Control Interaction in Humans.Venla Kuusinen, Elena Cesnaite, Jari Peräkylä, Keith H. Ogawa & Kaisa M. Hartikainen - 2018 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 12.
  19.  49
    Lesion to Hippocampus Changes Resting State Functional Connectivity in Rat Brain Reflecting Structural Damage.Siugzdaite Roma, Descamps Benedicte, Van Den Berge Nathalie, Wu Guorong, Van Mierlo Pieter, Fias Wim, Raedt Robrecht & Marinazzo Daniele - 2014 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
  20. Prefrontal lesion evidence against higher-order theories of consciousness.Benjamin Kozuch - 2014 - Philosophical Studies 167 (3):721-746.
    According to higher-order theories of consciousness, a mental state is conscious only when represented by another mental state. Higher-order theories must predict there to be some brain areas (or networks of areas) such that, because they produce (the right kind of) higher-order states, the disabling of them brings about deficits in consciousness. It is commonly thought that the prefrontal cortex produces these kinds of higher-order states. In this paper, I first argue that this is likely correct, meaning that, if (...)
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  21.  19
    Stroke Lesion Impact on Lower Limb Function.Silvi Frenkel-Toledo, Shay Ofir-Geva, Lihi Mansano, Osnat Granot & Nachum Soroker - 2021 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 15:592975.
    The impact of stroke on motor functioning is analyzed at different levels. ‘Impairment’ denotes the loss of basic characteristics of voluntary movement. ‘Activity limitation’ denotes the loss of normal capacity for independent execution of daily activities. Recovery from impairment is accomplished by ‘restitution’ and recovery from activity limitation is accomplished by the combined effect of ‘restitution’ and ‘compensation.’ We aimed to unravel the long-term effects of variation in lesion topography on motor impairment of the hemiparetic lower limb (HLL), and (...)
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  22.  51
    Internally and externally generated emotions in people with acquired brain injury: preservation of emotional experience after right hemisphere lesions.Christian E. Salas Riquelme, Darinka Radovic, Osvaldo Castro & Oliver H. Turnbull - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6:121484.
    The study of emotional changes after brain injury has contributed enormously to the understanding of the neural basis of emotion. However, little attention has been placed on the methods used to elicit emotional responses in people with brain damage. Of particular interest are subjects with right hemisphere [RH] cortical lesions, who have been described as presenting impairment in emotional processing. In this article, an internal and external mood induction procedure [MIP] was used to trigger positive and negative emotions, (...)
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  23.  65
    Simulated rich club lesioning in brain networks: a scaffold for communication and integration?Marcel A. de Reus & Martijn P. van den Heuvel - 2014 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
  24.  18
    Correlation between Patent Foramen Ovale, Cerebral “Lesions” and Neuropsychometric Testing in Experienced Sports Divers: Does Diving Damage the Brain?Costantino Balestra & Peter Germonpré - 2016 - Frontiers in Psychology 7.
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  25.  26
    Neuroanatomical substrates of action perception and understanding: an anatomic likelihood estimation meta-analysis of lesion-symptom mapping studies in brain injured patients.Cosimo Urgesi, Matteo Candidi & Alessio Avenanti - 2014 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
  26. Sex differences in human brain asymmetry: a critical survey.Jeannette McGlone - 1980 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3 (2):215-227.
    Dual functional brain asymmetry refers to the notion that in most individuals the left cerebral hemisphere is specialized for language functions, whereas the right cerebral hemisphere is more important than the left for the perception, construction, and recall of stimuli that are difficult to verbalize. In the last twenty years there have been scattered reports of sex differences in degree of hemispheric specialization. This review provides a critical framework within which two related topics are discussed: Do meaningful sex differences (...)
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  27. A Legion of Lesions: The Neuroscientific Rout of Higher-Order Thought Theory.Benjamin Kozuch - 2024 - Erkenntnis 89 (8):3109-3135.
    Higher-order thought (HOT) theory says that a mental state is conscious when and only when represented by a conceptual, belief-like mental state. Plausibly, HOT theory predicts the impairment of HOT-producing brain areas to cause significant deficits in consciousness. This means that HOT theory can be refuted by identifying those brain areas that are candidates for producing HOTs, then showing that damage to these areas never produces the expected deficits of consciousness. Building this refutation is a work-in-progress, with several (...)
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  28.  66
    Lesion location and aphasic syndrome do not tell us whether a patient will have an isolated deficit affecting the coindexation of traces.David Caplan - 2000 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23 (1):25-27.
    Data from published case and group studies bear on the trace deletion hypothesis. The deficit-lesion correlational literature does not support Grodzinsky's claim that lesions in and around Broca's area inevitably lead to comprehension deficits specifically related to coindexation of traces or his claim that other lesions spare this function.
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  29.  84
    No going back? Reversibility and why it matters for deep brain stimulation.Jonathan Pugh - 2019 - Journal of Medical Ethics 45 (4):225-230.
    Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is frequently described as a ‘reversible’ medical treatment, and the reversibility of DBS is often cited as an important reason for preferring it to brain lesioning procedures as a last resort treatment modality for patients suffering from treatment-refractory conditions. Despite its widespread acceptance, the claim that DBS is reversible has recently come under attack. Critics have pointed out that data are beginning to suggest that there can be non-stimulation-dependent effects of DBS. Furthermore, we lack (...)
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  30.  36
    Consequences Of Kainic Acid-Induced Piriform Cortex Lesions And Therapeutic Potential Of Piriform Cortex Deep Brain Stimulation In The Intrahippocampal Kainic Acid Model.Sprengers Mathieu, Raedt Robrecht, Siugzdaite Roma, Van Nieuwenhuyse Bregt, Descamps Benedicte, Dauwe Ine, Delbeke Jean, Wadman Wytse, Boon Paul & Vonck Kristl - 2014 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
  31.  23
    Mind and Brain: A Contribution from Microgenetic Theory.Jason Brown - 2014 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 21 (1-2):54-73.
    Study of symptoms with focal brain lesions reveals a microtemporal transition that elaborates the mind/brain state. The pattern of this transition corresponds with that of developmental growth , which can be characterized in terms of whole-part relations. This correspondence is interpreted as indicating that the cognitive process is an extension of growth trends in pre- and post-natal life. The continuum of ontogenetic growth into the cognitive process is a transition from exuberance of form to specificity or from generality (...)
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  32.  24
    Hippocampal lesions: reconciling the findings in rodents and man.Larry R. Squire & Neal J. Cohen - 1979 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2 (3):345-346.
  33.  87
    Neuropsychological inference with an interactive brain: A critique of the “locality” assumption.Martha J. Farah - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (1):43-61.
    When cognitive neuropsychologists make inferences about the functional architecture of the normal mind from selective cognitive impairments they generally assume that the effects of brain damage are local, that is, that the nondamaged components of the architecture continue to function as they did before the damage. This assumption follows from the view that the components of the functional architecture are modular, in the sense of being informationally encapsulated. In this target article it is argued that this “locality” assumption is (...)
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  34. Underwhelming force: Evaluating the neuropsychological evidence for higher‐order theories of consciousness.Benjamin Kozuch - 2021 - Mind and Language 37 (5):790-813.
    Proponents of the higher‐order (HO) theory of consciousness (e.g., Lau and Rosenthal) have recently appealed to brain lesion evidence to support their thesis that mental states are conscious when and only when represented by other mental states. This article argues that this evidence fails to support HO theory, doing this by first determining what kinds of conscious deficit should result when HO state‐producing areas are damaged, then arguing that these kinds of deficit do not occur in the studies (...)
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  35. Lesioned attractor networks as models of neuropsychological deficits.David C. Plaut - 1995 - In Michael A. Arbib, Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks. MIT Press. pp. 540--543.
  36. Dreaming and the brain: from phenomenology to neurophysiology.Yuval Nir & Giulio Tononi - 2010 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 14 (2):88-100.
    Dreams are a remarkable experiment in psychology and neuroscience, conducted every night in every sleeping person. They show that the human brain, disconnected from the environment, can generate an entire world of conscious experiences by itself. Content analysis and developmental studies have promoted understanding of dream phenomenology. In parallel, brain lesion studies, functional imaging and neurophysiology have advanced current knowledge of the neural basis of dreaming. It is now possible to start integrating these two strands of research (...)
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  37.  36
    Lesion size in hippocampal studies.Jens Zimmer - 1979 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2 (3):351-351.
  38.  21
    Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus Modulates Reward-Related Behavior: A Systematic Review.Yvan M. Vachez & Meaghan C. Creed - 2020 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 14.
    Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus is an effective treatment for the motor symptoms of movement disorders including Parkinson's Disease. Despite its therapeutic benefits, STN-DBS has been associated with adverse effects on mood and cognition. Specifically, apathy, which is defined as a loss of motivation, has been reported to emerge or to worsen following STN-DBS. However, it is often challenging to disentangle the effects of STN-DBSper sefrom concurrent reduction of dopamine replacement therapy, from underlying PD pathology or from (...)
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  39.  50
    Brain connectivity and the self: the case of cerebral disconnection.Lucina Q. Uddin - 2011 - Consciousness and Cognition 20 (1):94.
    Over the past several years, the study of self-related cognition has garnered increasing interest amongst psychologists and cognitive neuroscientists. Concomitantly, lesion and neuroimaging studies have demonstrated the importance of intact cortico-cortical and cortico-subcortical connections for supporting high-level cognitive functions. Commissurotomy or “split-brain” patients provide unique insights into the role of the cerebral commissures in maintaining an individual’s sense of self, as well as into the unique self-representation capabilities of each cerebral hemisphere. Here we review empirical work examining the (...)
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  40. An Evidence-Based Critical Review of the Mind-Brain Identity Theory.Marco Masi - 2023 - Hypothesis and Theory, Front. Psychol. - Consciousness Research 14.
    In the philosophy of mind, neuroscience, and psychology, the causal relationship between phenomenal consciousness, mentation, and brain states has always been a matter of debate. On the one hand, material monism posits consciousness and mind as pure brain epiphenomena. One of its most stringent lines of reasoning relies on a ‘loss-of-function lesion premise,’ according to which, since brain lesions and neurochemical modifications lead to cognitive impairment and/or altered states of consciousness, there is no reason to doubt (...)
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  41.  32
    Will brain tissue grafts become an important therapy to restore visual function in cerebrally blind patients?Reinhard Werth - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (1):74-74.
    Grafting embryonic brain tissue into the brain of patients with visual field loss due to cerebral lesions may become a method to restore visual function. This method is not without risk, however, and will only be considered in cases of complete blindness after bilateral occipital lesions, when other, risk-free neuropsychological methods fail.
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  42. The Argument from Brain Damage Vindicated.Rocco J. Gennaro & Yonatan I. Fishman - 2015 - In Keith Augustine & Michael Martin, The Myth of an Afterlife: The Case against Life After Death. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 105-133.
    It has long been known that brain damage has important negative effects on one’s mental life and even eliminates one’s ability to have certain conscious experiences. It thus stands to reason that when all of one’s brain activity ceases upon death, consciousness is no longer possible and so neither is an afterlife. It seems clear that human consciousness is dependent upon functioning brains. This essay reviews some of the overall neurological evidence from brain damage studies and concludes (...)
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  43. The ethical and legal aspects of palliative sedation in severely brain injured patients: a French perspective.Antoine Baumann, Frederique Claudot, Gerard Audibert, Paul-Michel Mertes & Louis Puybasset - 2011 - Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 6:4.
    To fulfill their crucial duty of relieving suffering in their patients, physicians may have to administer palliative sedation when they implement treatment-limitation decisions such as the withdrawal of life-supporting interventions in patients with poor prognosis chronic severe brain injury. The issue of palliative sedation deserves particular attention in adults with serious brain injuries and in neonates with severe and irreversible brain lesions, who are unable to express pain or to state their wishes. In France, treatment limitation decisions (...)
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  44.  20
    An Argument in Favor of Deep Brain Stimulation for Uncommon Movement Disorders: The Case for N-of-1 Trials in Holmes Tremor.Marcelo Mendonça, Gonçalo Cotovio, Raquel Barbosa, Miguel Grunho & Albino J. Oliveira-Maia - 2022 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 16.
    Deep brain stimulation is part of state-of-the-art treatment for medically refractory Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor or primary dystonia. However, there are multiple movement disorders that present after a static brain lesion and that are frequently refractory to medical treatment. Using Holmes tremor as an example, we discuss the effectiveness of currently available treatments and, performing simulations using a Markov Chain approach, propose that DBS with iterative parameter optimization is expected to be more effective than an approach based (...)
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  45.  28
    Limitations of PET and lesion studies in defining the role of the human cerebellum in motor learning.D. Timmann & H. C. Diener - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (3):477-477.
    PET studies using classical conditioning paradigms are reported. It is emphasized that PET studies show and not in learning paradigms. The importance of dissociating motor performance and learning deficits in human lesions studies is demonstrated in two exemplary studies. The different role of the cerebellum in adaptation of postural reflexes and learning of complex voluntary arm movements is discussed, [THACH].
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  46.  42
    The planning–control model and spatio-motor deficits following brain damage.H. Branch Coslett & Laurel J. Buxbaum - 2004 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 27 (1):31-32.
    Glover's planning–control model accommodates a substantial number of findings from subjects who have motor deficits as a consequence of brain lesions. A number of consistently observed and robust findings are not, however, explained by Glover's theory; additionally, the claim that the IPL supports planning whereas the SPL supports control is not consistently supported in the literature.
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  47.  15
    Understanding Language Reorganization With Neuroimaging: How Language Adapts to Different Focal Lesions and Insights Into Clinical Applications.Luca Pasquini, Alberto Di Napoli, Maria Camilla Rossi-Espagnet, Emiliano Visconti, Antonio Napolitano, Andrea Romano, Alessandro Bozzao, Kyung K. Peck & Andrei I. Holodny - 2022 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 16.
    When the language-dominant hemisphere is damaged by a focal lesion, the brain may reorganize the language network through functional and structural changes known as adaptive plasticity. Adaptive plasticity is documented for triggers including ischemic, tumoral, and epileptic focal lesions, with effects in clinical practice. Many questions remain regarding language plasticity. Different lesions may induce different patterns of reorganization depending on pathologic features, location in the brain, and timing of onset. Neuroimaging provides insights into language plasticity due to (...)
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  48.  20
    Role of the parahippocampal cortex in memory for the configuration but not the identity of objects: converging evidence from patients with selective thermal lesions and fMRI.Véronique D. Bohbot, John J. B. Allen, Alain Dagher, Serge O. Dumoulin, Alan C. Evans, Michael Petrides, Miroslav Kalina, Katerina Stepankova & Lynn Nadel - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9:129676.
    The parahippocampal cortex and hippocampus are brain structures known to be involved in memory. However, the unique contribution of the parahippocampal cortex remains unclear. The current study investigates memory for object identity and memory of the configuration of objects in patients with small thermo-coagulation lesions to the hippocampus or the parahippocampal cortex. Results showed that in contrast to control participants and patients with damage to the hippocampus leaving the parahippocampal cortex intact, patients with lesions that included the right parahippocampal (...)
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  49.  31
    Hippocampal lesions and Intermittent reinforcement.Robert L. Isaacson - 1979 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2 (4):507-507.
  50.  25
    Prediction of Communication Impairment in Children With Bilateral Cerebral Palsy Using Multivariate Lesion- and Connectome-Based Approaches: Protocol for a Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.Jie Hu, Jingjing Zhang, Yanli Yang, Ting Liang, Tingting Huang, Cheng He, Fuqin Wang, Heng Liu & Tijiang Zhang - 2022 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 16.
    BackgroundBilateral cerebral palsy is the most common type of CP in children and is often accompanied by different degrees of communication impairment. Several studies have attempted to identify children at high risk for communication impairment. However, most prediction factors are qualitative and subjective and may be influenced by rater bias. Individualized objective diagnostic and/or prediction methods are still lacking, and an effective method is urgently needed to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study is to develop and (...)
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