Results for 'Bertin Klein'

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  1. WSPI 2006: Contributions to the Third International Workshop on Philosophy and Informatics.Ingvar Johansson, Bertin Klein & Thomas Roth-Berghofer (eds.) - 2006
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  2.  6
    Die Wirklichkeit des Geistes: Konzeptionen und Phänomene des Geistes in Philosophie und Theologie der Gegenwart.Ulrich H. J. Körtner & Andreas Klein (eds.) - 2006 - Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener.
    Ergebnisse und Konsequenzen der Hirnforschung stoßen auf breites Interesse und werden in der Öffentlichkeit kontrovers diskutiert. Die Realität des Mentalen, die Freiheit des Willens und schließlich auch die Frage nach Gott und dem Ursprung von Religion stehen auf dem Prüfstand. Philosophie und Theologie sind herausgefordert, sich an der Debatte zu beteiligen. Der vorliegende Band führt in die gegenwärtige Diskussion zur Philosophie und zur Theologie des Geistes ein.
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  3. Autonoesis and belief in a personal past: an evolutionary theory of episodic memory indices.Stan Klein - 2014 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 5 (3):427-447.
    In this paper I discuss philosophical and psychological treatments of the question "how do we decide that an occurrent mental state is a memory and not, say a thought or imagination?" This issue has proven notoriously difficult to resolve, with most proposed indices, criteria and heuristics failing to achieve consensus. Part of the difficulty, I argue, is that the indices and analytic solutions thus far offered seldom have been situated within a well-specified theory of memory function. As I hope to (...)
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  4. The multiplicity of self: neuropsychological evidence and its implications for the self as a construct in psychological research.Stan Klein & Cynthia Gangi - 2010 - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1191:1-15.
    This paper examines the issue of what the self is by reviewing neuropsychological research,which converges on the idea that the self may be more complex and differentiated than previous treatments of the topic have suggested. Although some aspects of self-knowledge such as episodic recollection may be compromised in individuals, other aspects—for instance, semantic trait summaries—appear largely intact. Taken together, these findings support the idea that the self is not a single, unified entity. Rather, it is a set of interrelated, functionally (...)
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  5. Decisions and the Evolution of Memory: Multiple Systems, Multiple Functions.Stan Klein, Leda Cosmides, John Tooby & Sarah Chance - 2002 - Psychological Review 109:306-329.
    Memory evolved to supply useful, timely information to the organism’s decision-making systems. Therefore, decision rules, multiple memory systems, and the search engines that link them should have coevolved to mesh in a coadapted, functionally interlocking way. This adaptationist perspective suggested the scope hypothesis: When a generalization is retrieved from semantic memory, episodic memories that are inconsistent with it should be retrieved in tandem to place boundary conditions on the scope of the generalization. Using a priming paradigm and a decision task (...)
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  6. "By Eternity I Understand": Eternity According to Spinoza.Julie R. Klein - 2002 - Iyyun, The Jerusalem Philosophical Quarterly 51 (July):295-324.
  7. Origin of the Concept Chemical Compound.Ursula Klein - 1994 - Science in Context 7 (2):163-204.
    The ArgumentMost historians of science share the conviction that the incorporation of the corpuscular theory into seventeenth-century chemistry was the beginning of modern chemistry. My thesis in this paper is that modern chemisty started with the concept of the chemicl compound, which emerged at the end of the seventeenth and the beginning of the eighteenth century, without any signifivant influence of the corpuscular theory. Rather the historical reconstruction of the emergence of this concept shows that it resulted from the reflection (...)
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  8. The Unplanned Obsolescence of Psychological Science and an Argument for its Revival.Stan Klein - 2016 - Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice 3:357-379.
    I examine some of the key scientific pre-commitments of modern psychology, and argue that their adoption has the unintended consequence of rendering a purely psychological analysis of mind indistinguishable from a purely biological treatment. And, since these pre-commitments sanction an “authority of the biological”, explanation of phenomena traditionally considered the purview of psychological analysis is fully subsumed under the biological. I next evaluate the epistemic warrant of these pre-commitments and suggest there are good reasons to question their applicability to psychological (...)
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  9.  32
    Mechanical Explanation at the End of the Nineteenth Century.Martin J. Klein - 1973 - Centaurus 17 (1):58-82.
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  10.  18
    On Serpents and Doves: the systematic relationship between prudence and morality in Kant’s political philosophy.Joel Thiago Klein - 2021 - Kant Studien 112 (1):78-104.
    This paper argues that the political adage “Be ye prudent as serpents and guileless as doves” involves three different types of relation between prudence and morality, namely: unification (Vereinigung), subordination (Unterordnung), and association (Beigesellung). I maintain that these relations are set up according to the same principle that determines the relationship between mechanical and teleological causality in the third Critique. Thus, I argue that morality and prudence are much more systematically related within the system of critical philosophy than is normally (...)
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  11. Making Sense of Stoic Indifferents.Jacob Klein - 2015 - Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy 49:227-281.
     
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  12.  86
    Of Archery and Virtue: Ancient and Modern Conceptions of Value.Jacob Klein - 2014 - Philosophers' Imprint 14.
    I argue that comparisons of Stoic virtue to stochastic skills — now standard in the secondary literature on Stoicism — are based on a misreading of the sources and distort the Stoic position in two respects. In paradigmatic stochastic skills such as archery, medicine, or navigation the value of the skill’s external end justifies the existence and practice of the skill and constitutes an appropriate focus of rational motivation. Neither claim applies to virtue as the Stoics understand it. The stochastic (...)
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  13. No help for the coherentist.Peter Klein & Ted A. Warfield - 1996 - Analysis 56 (2):118-121.
  14. Max Planck and the Beginnings of the Quantum Theory.Martin J. Klein - 1961 - Archive for History of Exact Sciences 1 (5):459--479.
  15.  68
    Mechanisms, resources, and background conditions.Colin Klein - 2018 - Biology and Philosophy 33 (5-6):36.
    Distinguishing mechanistic components from mere causally relevant background conditions remains a difficulty for mechanistic accounts of explanation. By distinguishing resources from mechanical parts, I argue that we can more effectively draw this boundary. Further, the distinction makes obvious that there are distinctive resource explanations which are not captured by a traditional part-based mechanistic account. While this suggests a straightforward extension of the mechanistic model, I argue that incorporating resources and resource explanations requires moving beyond the purely local account of levels (...)
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  16.  49
    Phenomenology and the History of Science.Jacob Klein - 1940 - In Marvin Farber, Philosophical essays in memory of Edmund Husserl. New York,: Greenwood Press. pp. 143-163.
  17. Misleading evidence and the restoration of justification.Peter D. Klein - 1980 - Philosophical Studies 37 (1):81 - 89.
  18. Philosophizing Historically/Historicizing Philosophy: Some Spinozistic Reflections.Julie R. Klein - 2013 - In Mogens Laerke, Justin E. H. Smith & Eric Schliesser, Philosophy and Its History: Aims and Methods in the Study of Early Modern Philosophy. New York, US: Oxford University Press USA. pp. 134-158.
  19. Plato's trilogy: Theaetetus, the Sophist, and the Statesman.Jacob Klein - 1977 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  20. "Something of It Remains": Spinoza and Gersonides on Intellectual Eternity.Julie R. Klein - 2014 - In Steven Nadler, Spinoza and Medieval Jewish Philosophy. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 177-203.
  21.  36
    Relational autonomy and the clinical relationship in dementia care.Eran Klein - 2022 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 43 (4):277-288.
    The clinical relationship has been underexplored in dementia care. This is in part due to the way that the clinical relationship has been articulated and understood in bioethics. Robert Veatch’s social contract model is representative of a standard view of the clinical relationship in bioethics. But dementia presents formidable challenges to the standard clinical relationship, including ambiguity about when the clinical relationship begins, how it weathers changes in narrative identity of patients with dementia, and how the intimate involvement of family (...)
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  22. Russell on Acquaintance with Spatial Properties: The Significance of James.Alexander Klein - 2017 - In Sandra Lapointe & Christopher Pincock, Innovations in the History of Analytical Philosophy. London, United Kingdom: Palgrave-Macmillan. pp. 229 – 264.
    The standard, foundationalist reading of Our Knowledge of the External World requires Russell to have a view of perceptual acquaintance that he demonstrably does not have. Russell’s actual purpose in “constructing” physical bodies out of sense-data is instead to show that psychology and physics are consistent. But how seriously engaged was Russell with actual psychology? I show that OKEW makes some non-trivial assumptions about the character of visual space, and I argue that he drew those assumptions from William James’s Principles. (...)
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  23. Professors and their politics: The policy views of social scientists.Daniel B. Klein & Charlotta Stern - 2005 - Critical Review: A Journal of Politics and Society 17 (3-4):257-303.
    Academic social scientists overwhelmingly vote Democratic, and the Democratic hegemony has increased significantly since 1970. Moreover, the policy preferences of a large sample of the members of the scholarly associations in anthropology, economics, history, legal and political philosophy, political science, and sociology generally bear out conjectures about the correspondence of partisan identification with left/right ideal types; although across the board, both Democratic and Republican academics favor government action more than the ideal types might suggest. Variations in policy views among Democrats (...)
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  24.  60
    Probabilities with Gaps and Gluts.Dominik Klein, Ondrej Majer & Soroush Rafiee Rad - 2021 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 50 (5):1107-1141.
    Belnap-Dunn logic, sometimes also known as First Degree Entailment, is a four-valued propositional logic that complements the classical truth values of True and False with two non-classical truth values Neither and Both. The latter two are to account for the possibility of the available information being incomplete or providing contradictory evidence. In this paper, we present a probabilistic extension of BD that permits agents to have probabilistic beliefs about the truth and falsity of a proposition. We provide a sound and (...)
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  25. Radical interpretation and global skepticism.Peter D. Klein - 1986 - In Ernest LePore, Truth and Interpretation: Perspectives on the Philosophy of Donald Davidson. Cambridge: Blackwell.
  26. A Referate uber deutschsprachige Neuerscheinungen-Wege zur Philosophie, Grundlagen der Interkulturatat.Hamid Reza Yousefi, Klaus Fischer & Wassilios Klein - 2006 - Philosophischer Literaturanzeiger 59 (3):249.
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  27.  32
    (1 other version)Meeting the Great Bliss Queen: Buddhist, Feminists and the Art of the Self.Anne Carolyn Klein - 1996 - Philosophy East and West 46 (2):350-351.
  28. Plato’s Trilogy: Theaetetus, Sophist, and the Statesman.Jacob Klein, Hans-Georg Gadamer, Ronna Burger, David Bolotin, Mitchell H. Miller & Thomas L. Pangle - 1977 - Philosophy and Rhetoric 14 (2):112-117.
     
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  29.  51
    Platonic Virtue Theory and Business Ethics.Sherwin Klein - 1989 - Business and Professional Ethics Journal 8 (4):59-82.
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  30.  34
    Polychrony and the Process View of Computation.Colin Klein - 2020 - Philosophy of Science 87 (5):1140-1149.
    Some realistic models of neural spiking take into account spike timing, yet the practical relevance of spike timing is often unclear. In Eugene Izhikevich’s model, timing plays a crucial role by al...
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  31.  64
    Modelling Individual Expertise in Group Judgements.Dominik Klein & Jan Sprenger - 2015 - Economics and Philosophy 31 (1):3-25.
    Group judgements are often – implicitly or explicitly – influenced by their members’ individual expertise. However, given that expertise is seldom recognized fully and that some distortions may occur (bias, correlation, etc.), it is not clear that differential weighting is an epistemically advantageous strategy with respect to straight averaging. Our paper characterizes a wide set of conditions under which differential weighting outperforms straight averaging and embeds the results into the multidisciplinary group decision-making literature.
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  32. New Directions in Psycho-Analysis.Melanie Klein, Paula Heinmann & Roger Money-Kyrle - 1956 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 7 (25):105-110.
  33.  46
    Awareness of distractors is necessary to generate a strategy to avoid responding to them: A commentary on Lin and Murray.Jan Theeuwes, Manon Mulckhuyse, John Christie & Raymond M. Klein - 2015 - Consciousness and Cognition 37:178-179.
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  34.  64
    Platonic Reflections on Global Business Ethics.Sherwin Klein - 2011 - Business and Professional Ethics Journal 30 (1-2):137-173.
    In part 1 of the paper, I develop a Platonic business ethic, emphasizing Plato’s Republic. I approach business ethics from a virtue ethics position, and I attempt to show that a Platonic craftsmanship model infuses a corporation with a type of managerial wisdom and justice, molds temperate and courageous corporate characters, and entails a morally fine type of self-interest. I also show that it is basic to two influential management theories.In part 2, I use Amartya Sen’s Development as Freedom to (...)
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  35. Maudlin on computation.Colin Klein - 2004
    I argue that computationalism is compatible with a plausible supervenience thesis about conscious states. The most plausible way of making it compatible, however, involves abandoning counterfactual conditions on implementation.
     
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  36.  45
    Non-Classical Probabilities for Decision Making in Situations of Uncertainty.Dominik Klein, Ondrej Majer & Soroush Rafiee Rad - 2020 - Roczniki Filozoficzne 68 (4):315-343.
    Analyzing situations where information is partial, incomplete or contradictory has created a demand for quantitative belief measures that are weaker than classic probability theory. In this paper, we compare two frameworks that have been proposed for this task, Dempster-Shafer theory and non-standard probability theory based on Belnap-Dunn logic. We show the two frameworks to assume orthogonal perspectives on informational shortcomings, but also provide a partial correspondence result. Lastly, we also compare various dynamical rules of the two frameworks, all seen as (...)
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  37.  68
    Paradigm Lost? A Review SymposiumBlack-Body Theory and the Quantum Discontinuity, 1894-1912. Thomas S. Kuhn.Martin J. Klein, Abner Shimony & Trevor J. Pinch - 1979 - Isis 70 (3):429-440.
  38.  50
    On the Egalitarian Value of Electoral Democracy.Steven Klein - 2024 - Political Theory 52 (5):782-807.
    Within democratic theory, electoral competition is typically associated with minimalist and realist views of democracy. In contrast, this article argues for a reinterpretation of electoral competition as an important element of an egalitarian theory of democracy. Current relational egalitarian theories, in focusing on the equalization of individual power-over, present electoral institutions as in tension with equality. Against this view, the article contends that electoral competition can foster equality by incentivizing the equalization of cooperative power. The article develops the normative category (...)
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  39. Quantification, Conceptual Reduction and Theoretical Under-determination in Psychological Science.Stan Klein - 2021 - Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice 8 (1):95-103.
    I argue that academic psychology’s quest to achieve scientific respectability by reliance on quantification and objectification is deeply flawed. Specifically, psychological theory typically cannot support prognostication beyond the binary opposition of “effect present/effect absent”. Accordingly, the “numbers” assigned to experimental results amount to little more than affixing names (e.g., more than, less than) to the members of an ordered sequence of outcomes. This, in conjunction with the conceptual under-specification characterizing the targets of experimental inquiry, is, I contend, a primary reason (...)
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  40. Literarische und naturwissenschaftliche Intelligenz.Helmut Kreuzer & Wolfgang Klein - 1969 - Stuttgart,: Klett. Edited by Wolfgang Klein.
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  41.  13
    Praxis as Property: the Concept of Justice in Plato’s Republic.L. J. A. Klein - 2024 - Polis 41 (2):252-274.
    Scholarship on the Republic has tended to stress the centrality of the tripartite soul to the Republic’s conception of justice. Yet since Socrates’s task in the dialogue is to show the desirability of justice in the ordinary Athenian sense, any emphasis on idiosyncratic psychology would render his account of justice fundamentally beside the point. This paper suggests a way out of this dilemma. It argues that Platonic justice in the Republic represents a shrewd twist on the entirely conventional, distributive Athenian (...)
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  42. Materializing Spinoza's Account of Human Freedom.Julie R. Klein - 2019 - In Noa Naaman Zauderer, Freedom Action and Motivation in Spinoza's Ethics. New York, NY: Routledge Press. pp. 152-71.
    Spinoza is often conceived as a highly intellectualist philosopher, and it is tempting to read human freedom without attention to its material basis. In this paper, I study Spinoza's claim that the more the body can undergo, the more the mind can know in order to establish Spinoza's view of freedom under the attribute of extension.
     
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  43. Privacy and ethics in brain-computer interface research.Eran Klein & Alan Rubel - 2018 - In Eran Klein & Alan Rubel, Brain–Computer Interfaces Handbook: Technological and Theoretical Advances. pp. 653-655.
    Neural engineers and clinicians are starting to translate advances in electrodes, neural computation, and signal processing into clinically useful devices to allow control of wheelchairs, spellers, prostheses, and other devices. In the process, large amounts of brain data are being generated from participants, including intracortical, subdural and extracranial sources. Brain data is a vital resource for BCI research but there are concerns about whether the collection and use of this data generates risk to privacy. Further, the nature of BCI research (...)
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  44.  55
    Presence with a Difference: Buddhists and Feminists on Subjectivity.Anne C. Klein - 1994 - Hypatia 9 (4):112 - 130.
    Essentialist and postmodern feminisms are often regarded as incompatible. I propose that Buddhist theories of subjectivity change the nature of the tension between them as presently construed because Buddhist traditions describe a mind not wholly governed by language, and a subjective mental dimension that is entirely integrated with the body and its sensations. A corollary is the compatibility Buddhists perceive between conditioned subjective states (akin to postmodern feminisms) and the unconditioned (akin to essentialist feminisms).
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  45.  32
    Pragmatism's Evolution: Organism and Environment in American Philosophy by Trevor Pearce (review).Alexander Klein - 2024 - Journal of the History of Philosophy 62 (1):160-161.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Reviewed by:Pragmatism's Evolution: Organism and Environment in American Philosophy by Trevor PearceAlexander KleinTrevor Pearce. Pragmatism's Evolution: Organism and Environment in American Philosophy. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2020. Pp. 384. Paperback, $35.00.Pragmatist pioneers were young lions in the days of Darwin. Evolutionary-biological thinking infused this philosophical movement from the start. And yet the last time a major monograph appeared on classic pragmatism and evolutionary biology—Philip Wiener's Evolution and (...)
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    Preface: Remembering Consciousness.Martin Klein & Oliver Istvan Toth - 2018 - Society and Politics 12 (2):05-07.
    This issue is dedicated to consciousness in medieval and early modern philosophy of mind. It aims to shed new light on the continuities and innovations during the transition from medieval to early modern philosophy of mind. The four papers, by Sonja Schierbaum, Daniel Schmal, Oliver Istvan Toth, and Philipp N. Müller, focus on consciousness and, more specifically, on one of its less frequently considered aspects: memory.
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  47.  51
    Redeployed functions versus spreading activation: A potential confound.Colin Klein - 2010 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 33 (4):280-281.
    Anderson's meta-analysis of fMRI data is subject to a potential confound. Areas identified as active may make no functional contribution to the task being studied, or may indicate regions involved in the coordination of functional networks rather than information processing per se. I suggest a way in which fMRI adaptation studies might provide a useful test between these alternatives.
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  48. Metrics for Formal Structures, with an Application to Kripke Models and Their Dynamics.Dominik Klein & Rasmus K. Rendsvig - 2023 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 88 (2):469-489.
    The paper introduces a broad family of metrics applicable to finite and countably infinite strings, or, by extension, to formal structures serving as semantics for countable languages. The main focus is on applications to sets of pointed Kripke models, a semantics for modal logics. For the resulting metric spaces, the paper classifies topological properties including which metrics are topologically equivalent, providing sufficient conditions for compactness, characterizing clopen sets and isolated points, and characterizing the metrical topologies by a concept of logical (...)
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  49.  25
    Peace between Trotskyism and Maoism: Non-Maoism and Double Superposition.Adam Louis Klein - 2017 - Labyrinth: An International Journal for Philosophy, Value Theory and Sociocultural Hermeneutics 19 (2):72-85.
    Non-Philosophy is a rigorous practice that can have useful applications for academic researchers and political activists alike. Utilizing its methods and frameworks, it is possible to bring Peace into the endless War of sectarian tendencies in which "the Left" is mired. In the following paper, we apply the technique of Non-Philosophy to Josh Moufawad-Paul's pamphlet "Maoism or Trotskyism," taking it as an instance of occasional material to be transformed. An important aspect of this analysis is a syntactical deployment of Non-Philosophy (...)
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  50.  13
    (1 other version)Politics of the Flesh.Dominik Finkelde Rebekka A. Klein - 2024 - Angelaki 29 (3):3-8.
    Volume 29, Issue 3, June 2024, Page 3-8.
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