Cet article se propose de nuancer la thèse courante d’une réduction de la spatialité à la temporalité dans Sein und Zeit (1927), en révélant trois omissions que commettent ses défenseurs : 1° ne distinguer que deux concepts de temps, alors qu’il y en a quatre ; 2° ignorer l’architecture systématique de l’ouvrage de 1927 ; 3° ne pas distinguer deux sens de la spatialité (Räumlichkeit) : celle de l’étant intramondain d’une part, celle du Dasein d’autre part.

Ce deuxième numéro de la série « Actes » rassemble des textes issus de travaux menés dans le cadre d?un séminaire doctoral sur le thème « La nature vivante », qui s?est tenu à l?Université de Liège durant la semaine du 19 au 23 mai 2008. Le but du séminaire était d'étudier la contribution du mouvement phénoménologique à une pensée de la vie, mais aussi d'envisager l'inspiration ou les remises en question que la phénoménologie a pu trouver dans les sciences (...) ou les métaphysiques de la vie. La plupart des textes qui composent ce numéro s?articulent autour de penseurs issus de la tradition phénoménologique (Husserl, Scheler, Heidegger, Straus, Sartre, Merleau-Ponty, Jonas, Ric?ur), en les confrontant souvent à des philosophies (celles de Kant, Nietzsche, Bergson, Whitehead, Wittgenstein, Canguilhem, Deleuze, Dennett) ou à des disciplines (biologie, éthologie, sciences cognitives) plus ou moins étrangères à cette tradition. Sans prétendre reprendre l?ensemble des thèmes abordés dans le présent numéro, épinglons seulement quelques grandes questions : quel est le statut de la nature et du naturalisme dans une pensée, mais aussi dans une éthique, de type phénoménologique ? Une description adéquate de l?organisme vivant, des modes de son unité et de sa totalité, est-elle possible d?un point de vue phénoménologique ? Comment penser le rapport complexe nouant la constitution d?une phénoménologie. (shrink)

La question : « Monadologie et/ou constructivisme ? » est le nom d?un problème rencontré par la tentative de faire jouer ensemble Heidegger, Deleuze et Uexküll, en les corrigeant l?un par l?autre, pour construire une ontologie phénoménologique sur une base vitaliste ? et non plus seulement anthropologique. Après avoir rappelé l?itinéraire qui conduit à cette tentative, puis envisagé quelques-unes des difficultés obligeant à corriger nos ambitions initiales, nous nous laisserons guider par ces difficultés pour présenter une lecture critique de deux (...) moments du cours de 1929-30, dans lequel Heidegger tente une analyse phénoménologique de la vie et de l?animalité. En pointant le caractère problématique de cette analyse, nous n?entendrons pas tant mettre en évidence des lacunes ou des insuffisances que des difficultés réelles, qui permettent de s?aventurer aux confins de l?épistémologie et de l?éthologie, tout en prenant la mesure des limites, mais aussi de la richesse, d?une certaine attitude phénoménologique. * Ce qui fait l?intérêt et la difficulté fondamentale de l??uvre de Heidegger, c?est son point de départ non dans le sujet ou la conscience, mais dans ce que Heidegger nomme le Dasein : l?ouverture compréhensive à l?être de l?étant en totalité. Cette ouverture caractérise l?être de l?étant particulier qu?est l?homme. À la question de savoir ce que le Dasein est, il faut répondre. (shrink)

Piéron's Law describes the relationship between stimulus intensity and reaction time. Previously (Stafford & Gurney, 2004), we have shown that Piéron's Law is a necessary consequence of rise-to-threshold decision making and thus will arise from optimal simple decision-making algorithms (e.g., Bogacz, Brown, Moehlis, Holmes, & Cohen, 2006). Here, we manipulate the color saturation of a Stroop stimulus. Our results show that Piéron's Law holds for color intensity and color-naming reaction time, extending the domain of this law, in line with our (...) suggestion of the generality of the processes that can give rise to Piéron's Law. In addition, we find that Stroop condition does not interact with the effect of color saturation; Stroop interference and facilitation remain constant at all levels of color saturation. An analysis demonstrates that this result cannot be accounted for by single-stage decision-making algorithms which combine all the evidence pertaining to a decision into a common metric. This shows that human decision making is not information-optimal and suggests that the generalization of current models of simple perceptual decision making to more complex decisions is not straightforward. (shrink)

Metapsychy, or metapsychics, is the French science known in English-speaking countries as parapsychology or psychical research. As Régine Plas has shown, the ‘psychic’ phenomena were among the first subjects of psychological inquiry. Like many of his colleagues, Henri Piéron began his career researching apparent telepathic phenomena, and in collaboration with Nicolae Vaschide explained them in terms of an ‘intellectual parallelism’. From 1913 onward, Piéron developed the ‘Métapsychie’ section of L’année psychologique, where he used his critical skills to sometimes foster and (...) sometimes discourage this field of research. In the background to these events was the issue of metapsychy's place within the field of psychology, a field on which Piéron had himself helped to confer institutional and professional status. The growing disparity between metapsychy and psychology suggested a distinct demarcation between the two disciplines, with Piéron zealously fulfilling a missionary role as one of several gatekeepers. While open to what were presented as new examples of physiologically objectified psychic activity, he never really seems to have observed anything he considered convincing and so generally suspected fraud. His interventions played a role in the emancipation/expulsion of metapsychy from the nascent field of psychology, with the advantage of increasing recognition of the epistemic authority of the latter. (shrink)

Philosophical instruction in the French Universities usually consists in more or less direct preparation for the licence-ès-lettres and the agrigation , or in informal discussion with candidates preparing for the Doctorate. But it has for long been the practice at the Sorbonne in Paris for the Professors to deliver a course of public lectures lasting throughout a half or the whole of the academic year. And since the eleinehts of logic and philosophy are taught in the top form of every (...) lycèe quite a large part Of the ordinary educated public is able to follow with profit the communications of the foremost philosophers. This year, Professor A. Lalande lectures on “General Methodology”; Professor Brunschvicg on “The Object in Perception and in Science”; Professor Delacroix on “Consciousness and Personality”; Dr. Wallon on “Explanation and Constructive Thought in the Child”; Professor Basch on “The Æsthetic Categories,” and on “English Æsthetics in the Eighteenth Century,” and Professor E. Gilson on “The Main Problems of Mediaeval Philosophy.” At the College de France, Professor Le Roy lectures on “The Primitive Forms of Intelligence,” Professor Pierre Janet on “The Psychological Evolution of Personality,” and Professor Pièron on “Pain and Affective Reactions.”. (shrink)

In this article, we present results from a literature review of intrinsic, instrumental, and relational values of nature conducted for the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, as part of the Methodological Assessment of the Diverse Values and Valuations of Nature. We identify the most frequently recurring meanings in the heterogeneous use of different value types and their association with worldviews and other key concepts. From frequent uses, we determine a core meaning for each value type, which is (...) sufficiently inclusive to serve as an umbrella over different understandings in the literature and specific enough to help highlight its difference from the other types of values. Finally, we discuss convergences, overlapping areas, and fuzzy boundaries between different value types to facilitate dialogue, reduce misunderstandings, and improve the methods for valuation of nature's contributions to people, including ecosystem services, to inform policy and direct future research. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Institute of Biological Sciences. (shrink)

I would like to begin with the role of philosophy in solving ecological problems, emphasizing two aspects of its role: the struggle against hostile ideology and the organizing and guiding of activity in the sphere of the development of science and the shaping of its problems. This role of Marxist-Leninist philosophy clearly appears in the complex interdisciplinary problem of the interaction between nature and society.

v. 1. Edinyĭ i︠a︡zyk chelovechestva. --.

On conduct of life and ethics of Islamic seminarians.

Critical study of of the addresses of Sir Muhammad Iqbal, 1877-1938 from philosophical and religious point of view.

This is the best general book on philosophy for university students: not just an introduction, but a guide which will serve them throughout their studies. It comprises specially commissioned explanatory surveys of the main areas of philosophy, written by thirteen leading philosophers.

Книгата предлага някои оригинални идеи по вечни философски въпроси, които вълнуват човешката мисъл от древността досега.

In this paper, the authors have detected a new effect in the area of geomagnetism, related to the behavior of a magnetic dipole freely floating on water surface. An experiment is described in the present paper in which a magnetic dipole fixed upon a float placed on non- magnetized water surface undergoes displacement along with reorientation caused by fine structure of the earth's magnetic field. This fact can probably be explained by secular decrease of the earth's major dipole moment. Further, (...) a detailed study of the phenomenon may create interesting premises for its practical use, particularly for the analysis of fine structure of geomagnetic field and its time-dependent anomalies. A strange behavior of some sea fish species prior to strong earthquakes may be explained if the fish are assumed as 'live magnetic dipoles'. (shrink)