Results for ' robust processing'

979 found
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  1. Robust processes and teleological language.Jonathan Birch - 2012 - European Journal for Philosophy of Science 2 (3):299-312.
    I consider some hitherto unexplored examples of teleological language in the sciences. In explicating these examples, I aim to show (a) that such language is not the sole preserve of the biological sciences, and (b) that not all such talk is reducible to the ascription of functions. In chemistry and biochemistry, scientists explaining molecular rearrangements and protein folding talk informally of molecules rearranging “in order to” maximize stability. Evolutionary biologists, meanwhile, often speak of traits evolving “in order to” optimize some (...)
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  2.  25
    Robust Processing Advantage for Binomial Phrases with Variant Conjunctions.Suphasiree Chantavarin, Emily Morgan & Fernanda Ferreira - 2022 - Cognitive Science 46 (9):e13187.
    Prior research has shown that various types of conventional multiword chunks are processed faster than matched novel strings, but it is unclear whether this processing advantage extends to variant multiword chunks that are less formulaic. To determine whether the processing advantage of multiword chunks accommodates variations in the canonical phrasal template, we examined the robustness of the processing advantage (i.e., predictability) of binomial phrases with non‐canonical conjunctions (e.g.,salt and also pepper; salt as well as pepper). Results from (...)
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  3.  50
    Robustness analysis versus reliable process reasoning: Robert Hudson: Seeing things: The philosophy of reliable observation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, xii+274pp, £41.99, $58.50 HB.Chiara Lisciandra - 2014 - Metascience 24 (1):37-41.
    Robert Hudson’s book is a contribution to the recent debate on robustness analysis in scientific practice, with a specific focus on the empirical sciences. In this context, robustness analysis is defined as a way to increase the probability of a certain hypothesis by showing that the same result is obtained from several, alternative methods. The rationale underlying this practice is that it would be highly unlikely if different, independent means of observation provided the same wrong outcome.We do not believe in (...)
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  4.  14
    How Robust Is Discourse Processing for Native Readers? The Role of Connectives and the Coherence Relations They Convey.Mathis Wetzel, Sandrine Zufferey & Pascal Gygax - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    While corpus studies have shown that discourse connectives that convey the same coherence relation can display subtle differences, research on online discourse processing has only focused on a rather limited set of connectives. Yet, different connectives – for example, rare or polyfunctional ones – might elicit different reading patterns. In order to explore this assumption, we test the robustness of discourse processing for French native speakers by measuring the way they process causal and concessive sentences that are conveyed (...)
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  5. Robust Biomarkers: Methodologically Tracking Causal Processes in Alzheimer’s Measurement.Vadim Keyser & Louis Sarry - 2020 - In Barbara Osimani & Adam La Caze (eds.), Uncertainty in Pharmacology. pp. 289-318.
    In biomedical measurement, biomarkers are used to achieve reliable prediction of, and useful causal information about patient outcomes while minimizing complexity of measurement, resources, and invasiveness. A biomarker is an assayable metric that discloses the status of a biological process of interest, be it normative, pathophysiological, or in response to intervention. The greatest utility from biomarkers comes from their ability to help clinicians (and researchers) make and evaluate clinical decisions. In this paper we discuss a specific methodological use of clinical (...)
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  6.  22
    Effects and Artifacts: Robustness Analysis and the Production Process.Vadim Keyser - 2016
    Scientists often use multiple independent methods of identification to distinguish reliable results from those produced in error. This process is referred to as ‘robustness analysis’. I argue that even though robustness analysis is useful for differentiating natural phenomena from artifacts, it fails to differentiate experimentally produced effects from artifacts. I argue that to bypass this problem, we can re-frame the role of robustness analysis to focus on cross-comparison between methods of production. Focusing on the production relation provides information about how (...)
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  7. A Robust Grounded Theory: New Research Process Trustworthiness Criteria.Angelina Inesia-Forde - 2024 - Mediterranean Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences (Mjbas) 8 (4):128-148.
    More than 50 years ago, Glaser and Strauss constructed the grounded theory methodology to develop substantive and formal data-grounded theories. Grounded theory is a rigorous methodology for generating theory grounded in data. It incorporates compare-and-contrast and abductive reasoning as its intellectual engine. Whenever one of these cognitive processes is engaged, so is the other. However, there is a need for a systematic means to assess how rigorous the grounded theory research process was employed. This paper aims to start this conversation (...)
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  8.  33
    Processing of perceptual information is more robust than processing of conceptual information in preschool-age children: Evidence from costs of switching.Anna V. Fisher - 2011 - Cognition 119 (2):253-264.
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  9. More than Fitness. A Robustness-based Proposal of a Logical Space to Classify Processes Behind Evolutionary Phenomena.Giorgio Airoldi - 2018 - Kairos 20 (1):89-112.
    The assumption that natural selection alone is sufficient to explain not only which traits get fixed in a population/species, but also how they develop, has been questioned since Darwin’s times, and increasingly in the last decades. Alternative theories, linked to genetic and phenotypic processes, or to the theory of complex systems, have been proposed to explain the rise of the phenotypic variety upon which natural selection acts. In this article, we illustrate the current state of the issue and we propose (...)
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  10. Robust Biomarkers: Methodologically Tracking Causal Processes in Alzheimer’s Measurement.Vadim Keyser & Louis Sarry - 2020 - In Barbara Osimani & Adam La Caze (eds.), Uncertainty in Pharmacology.
    In biomedical measurement, biomarkers are used to achieve reliable prediction of, and useful causal information about patient outcomes while minimizing complexity of measurement, resources, and invasiveness. A biomarker is an assayable metric that discloses the status of a biological process of interest, be it normative, pathophysiological, or in response to intervention. The greatest utility from biomarkers comes from their ability to help clinicians (and researchers) make and evaluate clinical decisions. In this paper we discuss a specific methodological use of clinical (...)
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  11. Delay-Range-Dependent Robust Constrained Model Predictive Control for Industrial Processes with Uncertainties and Unknown Disturbances.Huiyuan Shi, Ping Li, Limin Wang, Chengli Su, Jingxian Yu & Jiangtao Cao - 2019 - Complexity 2019:1-15.
    A fuzzy predictive fault-tolerant control scheme is proposed for a wide class of discrete-time nonlinear systems with uncertainties, interval time-varying delays, and partial actuator failures as well as unknown disturbances, in which the main opinions focus on the relevant theory of FPFTC based on Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model description of these systems. The T-S fuzzy model represents the discrete-time nonlinear system in the form of the discrete uncertain time-varying delay state space, which is firstly constructed by a set of local linear (...)
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  12.  9
    ?Robustness? of implicit processes: Artifact or evidence of Antiquity?S. Parker - 1992 - Consciousness and Cognition 1 (2):134-138.
  13. Multimedia Signal Processing-Binary Edge Based Adaptive Motion Correction for Accurate and Robust Digital Image Stabilization.Ohyun Kwon, Byungdeok Nam & Joonki Paik - 2006 - In O. Stock & M. Schaerf (eds.), Lecture Notes In Computer Science. Springer Verlag. pp. 4319--1142.
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  14.  13
    Systematic Parameter Reviews in Cognitive Modeling: Towards a Robust and Cumulative Characterization of Psychological Processes in the Diffusion Decision Model.N. -Han Tran, Leendert van Maanen, Andrew Heathcote & Dora Matzke - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
    Parametric cognitive models are increasingly popular tools for analyzing data obtained from psychological experiments. One of the main goals of such models is to formalize psychological theories using parameters that represent distinct psychological processes. We argue that systematic quantitative reviews of parameter estimates can make an important contribution to robust and cumulative cognitive modeling. Parameter reviews can benefit model development and model assessment by providing valuable information about the expected parameter space, and can facilitate the more efficient design of (...)
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  15. Robust, unconscious self-deception: Strategic and flexible.Eric Funkhouser & David Barrett - 2016 - Philosophical Psychology 29 (5):1-15.
    In recent years deflationary accounts of self-deception, under the banner of motivationalism, have proven popular. On these views the deception at work is simply a motivated bias. In contrast, we argue for an account of self-deception that involves more robustly deceptive unconscious processes. These processes are strategic, flexible, and demand some retention of the truth. We offer substantial empirical support for unconscious deceptive processes that run counter to certain philosophical and psychological claims that the unconscious is rigid, ballistic, and of (...)
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  16.  21
    Robust schedules for tardiness optimization in job shop with interval uncertainty.Hernán Díaz, Juan José Palacios, Irene Díaz, Camino R. Vela & Inés González-Rodríguez - 2023 - Logic Journal of the IGPL 31 (2):240-254.
    This paper addresses a variant of the job shop scheduling problem with total tardiness minimization where task durations and due dates are uncertain. This uncertainty is modelled with intervals. Different ranking methods for intervals are considered and embedded into a genetic algorithm. A new robustness measure is proposed to compare the different ranking methods and assess their capacity to predict ‘expected delays’ of jobs. Experimental results show that dealing with uncertainty during the optimization process yields more robust solutions. A (...)
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  17.  58
    Robust Optimization for Integrated Construction Scheduling and Multiscale Resource Allocation.Qian Li, Sha Tao, Heap-Yih Chong & Zhijie Sasha Dong - 2018 - Complexity 2018:1-17.
    This research investigates an integrated problem of construction scheduling and resource allocation. Inspired by complex construction practices, multi-time scale resources are considered for different length of terms, such as permanent staff and temporary workers. Differing from the common stochastic optimization problems, the resource price is supposed to be an uncertain parameter of which probability distribution is unknown, but observed data is given. Hence, the problem here is called Data-Driven Construction Scheduling and Multiscale Resource Allocation Problem. Based on likelihood robust (...)
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  18.  50
    Two Senses of Experimental Robustness: Result Robustness and Procedure Robustness.Koray Karaca - 2022 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 73 (1):279-298.
    In the philosophical literature concerning scientific experimentation, the notion of robustness has been solely discussed in relation to experimental results. In this paper, I propose a novel sense of experimental robustness that applies to experimental procedures. I call the foregoing sense of robustness procedure robustness and characterize it as the capacity of an experimental procedure to maintain its intended function invariant during the experimental process despite possible variations in its inputs. I argue that PR is a precondition for what I (...)
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  19.  33
    Direct-to-Consumer Genomics and Research Ethics: Should a More Robust Informed Consent Process Be Included?Katherine Wasson - 2009 - American Journal of Bioethics 9 (6):56-58.
    An important issue raised in the article by Lee and Crawley (2009) is whether direct-to-consumer (DTC) genomics, specifically personal genome testing (PGT) should be considered research. The author...
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  20.  26
    The determinants of response time in a repeated constant-sum game: A robust Bayesian hierarchical dual-process model.Leonidas Spiliopoulos - 2018 - Cognition 172:107-123.
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  21. Topological explanations and robustness in biological sciences.Philippe Huneman - 2010 - Synthese 177 (2):213-245.
    This paper argues that besides mechanistic explanations, there is a kind of explanation that relies upon “topological” properties of systems in order to derive the explanandum as a consequence, and which does not consider mechanisms or causal processes. I first investigate topological explanations in the case of ecological research on the stability of ecosystems. Then I contrast them with mechanistic explanations, thereby distinguishing the kind of realization they involve from the realization relations entailed by mechanistic explanations, and explain how both (...)
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  22. Economic Modelling as Robustness Analysis.Jaakko Kuorikoski, Aki Lehtinen & Caterina Marchionni - 2010 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 61 (3):541-567.
    We claim that the process of theoretical model refinement in economics is best characterised as robustness analysis: the systematic examination of the robustness of modelling results with respect to particular modelling assumptions. We argue that this practise has epistemic value by extending William Wimsatt's account of robustness analysis as triangulation via independent means of determination. For economists robustness analysis is a crucial methodological strategy because their models are often based on idealisations and abstractions, and it is usually difficult to tell (...)
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  23.  17
    Novel Robust Stability Criteria of Uncertain Systems with Interval Time-Varying Delay Based on Time-Delay Segmentation Method and Multiple Integrals Functional.Xing He, Li-Jun Song, Yu-Bin Wu & Zi-Yu Zhou - 2020 - Complexity 2020:1-13.
    Interval time-varying delay is common in control process, e.g., automatic robot control system, and its stability analysis is of great significance to ensure the reliable control of industrial processes. In order to improve the conservation of the existing robust stability analysis method, this paper considers a class of linear systems with norm-bounded uncertainty and interval time-varying delay as the research object. Less conservative robust stability criterion is put forward based on augmented Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional method and reciprocally convex combination. (...)
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  24.  21
    Robustness.Lars Peter Hansen & Thomas J. Sargent - 2007 - Princeton University Press.
    Technical, rigorous, and self-contained, this book will be useful for macroeconomists who seek to improve the robustness of decision-making processes.
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  25.  19
    A Novel Robust Fuzzy Rough Set Model for Feature Selection.Yuwen Li, Shoushui Wei, Xing Liu & Zhimin Zhang - 2021 - Complexity 2021:1-12.
    The existing fuzzy rough set models all believe that the decision attribute divides the sample set into several “clear” decision classes, and this data processing method makes the model sensitive to noise information when conducting feature selection. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a robust fuzzy rough set model based on representative samples. Firstly, the fuzzy membership degree of the samples is defined to reflect its fuzziness and uncertainty, and RS-FRS model is constructed to reduce the influence (...)
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  26.  30
    The evolutionary context of robust and redundant cell biological mechanisms.Marie Delattre & Marie-Anne Félix - 2009 - Bioessays 31 (5):537-545.
    The robustness of biological processes to perturbations has so far been mainly explored in unicellular organisms; multicellular organisms have been studied for developmental processes or in the special case of redundancy between gene duplicates. Here we explore the robustness of cell biological mechanisms of multicellular organisms in an evolutionary context. We propose that the reuse of similar cell biological mechanisms in different cell types of the same organism has evolutionary implications: (1) the maintenance of apparently redundant mechanisms over evolutionary time (...)
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  27. Introduction: Symposium on Robust Political Economy.Nick Cowen - 2016 - Critical Review: A Journal of Politics and Society 28 (3-4):420-439.
    Mark Pennington’s Robust Political Economy is a systematic exposition of a framework for analyzing institutional performance. The Robust Political Economy framework evaluates institutions according to their ability to solve knowledge and incentive problems. On grounds of robustness, Pennington combines insights from Austrian market-process theory and public-choice theory to defend classical liberalism from several compelling critiques. These include theories of market failure in economics; communitarian, deliberative-democratic, and liberal-egalitarian theories of justice; and concerns with social capital, domestic and international poverty, (...)
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  28. Predictive processing and the representation wars: a victory for the eliminativist.Adrian Downey - 2018 - Synthese 195 (12):5115-5139.
    In this paper I argue that, by combining eliminativist and fictionalist approaches toward the sub-personal representational posits of predictive processing, we arrive at an empirically robust and yet metaphysically innocuous cognitive scientific framework. I begin the paper by providing a non-representational account of the five key posits of predictive processing. Then, I motivate a fictionalist approach toward the remaining indispensable representational posits of predictive processing, and explain how representation can play an epistemologically indispensable role within predictive (...)
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  29.  20
    EW-CACTUs-MAML: A Robust Metalearning System for Rapid Classification on a Large Number of Tasks.Wen-Feng Wang, Jingjing Zhang & Peng An - 2022 - Complexity 2022:1-8.
    This study aims to develop a robust metalearning system for rapid classification on a large number of tasks. The model-agnostic metalearning with the CACTUs method is improved as EW-CACTUs-MAML after integrated with the entropy weight method. Few-shot mechanisms are introduced in the deep network for efficient learning of a large number of tasks. The process of implementation is theoretically interpreted as “gene intelligence.” Validation of EW-CACTUs-MAML on a typical dataset indicates an accuracy of 97.42%, performing better than CACTUs-MAML. At (...)
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  30.  16
    System Optimization and Robustness Stability Control for GIS Inspection Robot in Complex Microgrid Networks.Yu Yan, Wei Jiang, Zhiping Luo, Jianjun Zhang & Weidong Liu - 2021 - Complexity 2021:1-12.
    GIS is important equipment in the substation system in a complex microgrid network. Due to the long-term service in harsh operation environments, the electrical performance of GIS equipment will be seriously affected. Therefore, the regular maintenance of GIS equipment in the substation system is a routine task so as to ensure the normal operation of the microgrid networks. The traditional method relies on manual labor, where not only with the low operation efficiency but also regarding some maintenance, labors cannot reach (...)
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  31.  31
    Normalized Robust FOPID Controller Regulation Based on Small Gain Theorem.Shuo Zhang & Lu Liu - 2018 - Complexity 2018:1-10.
    In this paper, a normalized robust FOPID controller regulation algorithm is proposed. Only one parameter k is necessary to be tuned in the controller regulation process, so the proposed control algorithm is convenient to be applied on both fractional-order systems and integer-order systems. A robustness evaluation function is constructed based on the small gain theorem. Larger robustness evaluation function value will help the system achieve better robustness performance. Another parameter, β, is also available to serve as a tuning knob (...)
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  32.  53
    On Social Robustness Checks on Science: What Climate Policymakers Can Learn from Population Control.Li-an Yu - 2022 - Social Epistemology 36 (4):436-448.
    In this paper, I provide policymakers, who rely on science to address their missions, with two arguments for improving science for social benefits. I argue for a refined concept of social robustness that can distinguish socially appropriate cases of political reliance on science from inappropriate ones. Both of the constituents are essential for evaluating the social suitability of science-relevant policy or action. Using four cases of population control, I show that socially inappropriate political reliance on science can make science epistemically (...)
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  33.  31
    The nature of robustness in development.H. F. Nijhout - 2002 - Bioessays 24 (6):553-563.
    A trait is robust to a genetic or environmental variable if its variation is weakly correlated with variation in that variable. The source of robustness lies in the fact that the developmental processes that give rise to complex traits are nonlinear. A consequence of this nonlinearity is that not all genes are equally correlated with the trait whose ontogeny they control. Here we explore how developmental mechanisms determine and alter the correlation structure between genes and the traits that they (...)
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  34.  10
    Strategic Reliabilism: Robust Reliability.J. D. Trout & Michael A. Bishop - 2004 - In Michael A. Bishop & J. D. Trout (eds.), Epistemology and the Psychology of Human Judgment. New York: OUP USA.
    This chapter discusses Strategic Reliabilism. The epistemological theory underlying Ameliorative Psychology is a view called Strategic Reliabilism: Epistemic excellence involves the efficient allocation of cognitive resources to robustly reliable reasoning strategies applied to significant problems. Strategic Reliabilism gives a systematic voice and a theoretical foundation to the long-standing success of SPRs while at the same time avoiding the most serious objections to traditional process reliabilism.
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  35.  75
    Critical Realism and the Process Account of Emergence.Stephen Pratten - 2013 - Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 43 (3):251-279.
    For advocates of critical realism emergence is a central theme. Critical realists typically ground their defence of the relative disciplinary autonomy of various sciences by arguing that emergent phenomena exist in a robust non-ontologically, non-causally reductionist sense. Despite the importance they attach to it critical realists have only recently begun to elaborate on emergence at length and systematically compare their own account with those developed by others. This paper clarifies what is distinctive about the critical realist account of emergence (...)
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  36.  16
    Computational Process of Sharing Emotion: An Authentic Information Perspective.Shushi Namba, Wataru Sato, Koyo Nakamura & Katsumi Watanabe - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Although results of many psychology studies have shown that sharing emotion achieves dyadic interaction, no report has explained a study of the transmission of authentic information from emotional expressions that can strengthen perceivers. For this study, we used computational modeling, which is a multinomial processing tree, for formal quantification of the process of sharing emotion that emphasizes the perception of authentic information for expressers’ feeling states from facial expressions. Results indicated that the ability to perceive authentic information of feeling (...)
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  37.  21
    Evolutionary Processes Transpiring in the Stages of Lithopanspermia.Ian von Hegner - 2021 - Acta Biotheoretica 69 (4):783-798.
    Lithopanspermia is a theory proposing a natural exchange of organisms between solar system bodies as a result of asteroidal or cometary impactors. Research has examined not only the physics of the stages themselves but also the survival probabilities for life in each stage. However, although life is the primary factor of interest in lithopanspermia, this life is mainly treated as a passive cargo. Life, however, does not merely passively receive an onslaught of stress from surroundings; instead, it reacts. Thus, planetary (...)
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  38.  23
    Robust Observer Design for Discrete Descriptor Systems with Packet Losses.Yan Liu, Weifeng Zhong, Qiang Fan, Bo You & Jiazhong Xu - 2021 - Complexity 2021:1-11.
    This paper considers observer design for discrete-time descriptor systems with packet losses. By taking packet loss into consideration, the error dynamic of the proposed observer becomes a stochastic switched system. Consequently, the proposed observer is synthesized in a stochastic switched system framework. Sufficient conditions for the stochastic stability with a prescribed robust performance of the error dynamic system are derived and converted into linear matrix inequalities. Not only can the proposed observer deal with packet losses, but it also attenuates (...)
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  39.  26
    Design and Implementation of Novel LMI-Based Iterative Learning Robust Nonlinear Controller.Saleem Riaz, Hui Lin, Farkhanda Afzal & Ayesha Maqbool - 2021 - Complexity 2021:1-13.
    An iterative learning robust fault-tolerant control algorithm is proposed for a class of uncertain discrete systems with repeated action with nonlinear and actuator faults. First, by defining an actuator fault coefficient matrix, we convert the iterative learning control system into an equivalent unknown nonlinear repetitive process model. Then, based on the mixed Lyapunov function approach, we describe the stability of the nonlinear repetitive mechanism on time and trial indices and have appropriate conditions for the repeated control system’s stability in (...)
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  40.  51
    Comparative Process Tracing and Climate Change Fingerprints.Wendy S. Parker - 2010 - Philosophy of Science 77 (5):1083-1095.
    Climate change fingerprint studies investigate the causes of recent climate change. I argue that these studies have much in common with Steel’s (2008) streamlined comparative process tracing, illustrating a mechanisms-based approach to extrapolation in which the mechanisms of interest are simulated rather than physically instantiated. I then explain why robustness and variety-of-evidence considerations turn out to be important for understanding the evidential value of climate change fingerprint studies.
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  41. Processes, Continuants, and Individuals.Helen Steward - 2013 - Mind 122 (487):fzt080.
    The paper considers and opposes the view that processes are best thought of as continuants, to be differentiated from events mainly by way of the fact that the latter, but not the former, are entities with temporal parts. The motivation for the investigation, though, is not so much the defeat of what is, in any case, a rather implausible claim, as the vindication of some of the ideas and intuitions that the claim is made in order to defend — and (...)
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  42.  22
    Did you see it? Robust individual differences in the speed with which meaningful visual stimuli break suppression.Asael Y. Sklar, Ariel Y. Goldstein, Yaniv Abir, Alon Goldstein, Ron Dotsch, Alexander Todorov & Ran R. Hassin - 2021 - Cognition 211 (C):104638.
    Perceptual conscious experiences result from non-conscious processes that precede them. We document a new characteristic of the cognitive system: the speed with which visual meaningful stimuli are prioritized to consciousness over competing noise in visual masking paradigms. In ten experiments (N = 399) we find that an individual's non-conscious visual prioritization speed (NVPS) is ubiquitous across a wide variety of stimuli, and generalizes across visual masks, suppression tasks, and time. We also find that variation in NVPS is unique, in that (...)
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  43.  40
    Legacy Data, Radiocarbon Dating, and Robustness Reasoning.Alison Wylie - manuscript
    *PSA 2016, symposium on “Data in Time: Epistemology of Historical Data” organized by Sabina Leonelli, 5 November 2016* *See published version: "Radiocarbon Dating in Archaeology: Triangulation and Traceability" in Data Journeys in the Sciences (2020) - link below* Archaeologists put a premium on pressing “legacy data” into service, given the notoriously selective and destructive nature of their practices of data capture. Legacy data consist of material and records that been assembled over decades, sometimes centuries, often by means and for purposes (...)
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  44.  12
    Improved Hierarchical Convolutional Features for Robust Visual Object Tracking.Jinping Sun - 2021 - Complexity 2021:1-16.
    The target and background will change continuously in the long-term tracking process, which brings great challenges to the accurate prediction of targets. The correlation filter algorithm based on manual features is difficult to meet the actual needs due to its limited feature representation ability. Thus, to improve the tracking performance and robustness, an improved hierarchical convolutional features model is proposed into a correlation filter framework for visual object tracking. First, the objective function is designed by lasso regression modeling, and a (...)
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  45.  50
    Into Blue Skies—a Transdisciplinary Foresight and Co-creation Method for Adding Robustness to Visioneering.Mahshid Sotoudeh & Niklas Gudowsky - 2017 - NanoEthics 11 (1):93-106.
    Expectations play a distinctive role in shaping emerging technologies and producing hype cycles when a technology is adopted or fails on the market. To harness expectations, facilitate and provoke forward-looking discussions, and identify policy alternatives, futures studies are required. Here, expert anticipation of possible or probable future developments becomes extremely arbitrary beyond short-term prediction, and the results of futures studies are often controversial, divergent, or even contradictory; thus they are contested. Nevertheless, such socio-technical imaginaries may prescribe a future that seems (...)
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  46.  55
    Beyond networks: mechanism and process in evo-devo.James DiFrisco & Johannes Jaeger - 2019 - Biology and Philosophy 34 (6):54.
    Explanation in terms of gene regulatory networks has become standard practice in evolutionary developmental biology. In this paper, we argue that GRNs fail to provide a robust, mechanistic, and dynamic understanding of the developmental processes underlying the genotype–phenotype map. Explanations based on GRNs are limited by three main problems: the problem of genetic determinism, the problem of correspondence between network structure and function, and the problem of diachronicity, as in the unfolding of causal interactions over time. Overcoming these problems (...)
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  47. Producing a robust body of data with a single technique.Gregory Stephen Gandenberger - 2010 - Philosophy of Science 77 (3):381-399.
    When a technique purports to provide information that is not available to the unaided senses, it is natural to think that the only way to validate that technique is by appealing to a theory of the processes that lead from the object of study to the raw data. In fact, scientists have a variety of strategies for validating their techniques. Those strategies can yield multiple independent arguments that support the validity of the technique. Thus, it is possible to produce a (...)
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  48.  58
    Is Liberty Bad for Your Health? Towards a Moderate View of the Robust Coequality of Liberty and Health.M. Allen - 2011 - Public Health Ethics 4 (3):260-268.
    This article challenges the idea that the priority of liberty poses a threat to individual and population health. While acknowledging there are cases in which liberty does indeed pose a threat to the health of individuals and populations, I argue that the tension between liberty and health is overstated and that much can be done to relieve this tension. Indeed, liberty and health can and should be viewed as co-equal values in our broader conception of health justice. My thesis is (...)
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  49.  38
    Evaluating models of robust word recognition with serial reproduction.Stephan C. Meylan, Sathvik Nair & Thomas L. Griffiths - 2021 - Cognition 210 (C):104553.
    Spoken communication occurs in a “noisy channel” characterized by high levels of environmental noise, variability within and between speakers, and lexical and syntactic ambiguity. Given these properties of the received linguistic input, robust spoken word recognition—and language processing more generally—relies heavily on listeners' prior knowledge to evaluate whether candidate interpretations of that input are more or less likely. Here we compare several broad-coverage probabilistic generative language models in their ability to capture human linguistic expectations. Serial reproduction, an experimental (...)
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  50. Misconceived Causal Explanations for Emergent Processes.Michelene T. H. Chi, Rod D. Roscoe, James D. Slotta, Marguerite Roy & Catherine C. Chase - 2012 - Cognitive Science 36 (1):1-61.
    Studies exploring how students learn and understand science processes such as diffusion and natural selection typically find that students provide misconceived explanations of how the patterns of such processes arise (such as why giraffes’ necks get longer over generations, or how ink dropped into water appears to “flow”). Instead of explaining the patterns of these processes as emerging from the collective interactions of all the agents (e.g., both the water and the ink molecules), students often explain the pattern as being (...)
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