Results for 'reproduction'

988 found
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  1.  23
    Women and new reproductive.New Reproductive - 1992 - In Helen B. Holmes & Laura Martha Purdy, Feminist Perspectives in Medical Ethics. Indiana University Press. pp. 695--167.
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  2. Arthur L. Caplan.Assisted Reproduction—A. Cornucopia & of Moral Muddles - 1994 - Contemporary Issues in Bioethics 13:216.
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  3.  32
    Committee Advice on Embryo Splitting.Advisory Committee On Assisted Reproductive Technology - 2009 - Jahrbuch für Wissenschaft Und Ethik 14 (1):313-318.
  4. Injustice and the Reproduction of History: Structural Inequalities, Gender and Redress.Alasia Nuti - 2019 - Cambridge University Press.
  5.  6
    Diversity in feminist economics research methods: trends from the Global South.U. T. Salt Lake City, Annandale-On-Hudson USAb Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, C. O. Fort Collins, Markets Including Care Work, History of Economic Thought Public Policy, Labor Economics Currently Development, Macroeconomic Implications of Social Reproduction Her Research Focuses on the Micro-, Finance She is A. Labor Associate Editor for the African Review of Economics, Research Interests Related to the Division Feminist Economist, Definition of Both Paid Quality, How Households Unpaid Work, Formed Around These Types of Work Families Are Structured, Households How the State Interacts, Development The Editor of Feminist Economics She Was Recently Senior Economist at the United Nations Conference on Trade, Including the International Labour Organization Has Done Consulting Work for A. Number of International Development Institutions, the United Nations Research Institute on Social Development the World Bank & Macroeconomic Asp U. N. Women Her Work Focuses on the International - forthcoming - Journal of Economic Methodology:1-25.
    Using data on submitted and published manuscripts in Feminist Economics from 1995 to 2019, we examine differences in method and scope used by authors residing in the Global North and Global South. We specifically focus on research methods, intersectional analyses, region of analysis, and co-authorship status. Further, using logistic regression models, we examine the relationship between authors’ location and use of research methods. We find authors in the Global South are more likely to engage in empirical and mixed-methods papers compared (...)
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  6.  40
    Classification of types of ontogenetic reproduction.Gavril Acălugăriţei - 1986 - Acta Biotheoretica 35 (1-2):107-121.
    The object of this paper is to present an original classification of ontogenetic reproduction. The main general criterion used is the degree and type of phylogenetic differentiation. In relation to this criterion, criteria are given for the classification of the fundamental types of ontogenetic reproduction and for the classification of the types of ontogenetic generation cycles. Between the fundamental types of ontogenetic reproduction and the types of ontogenetic generation cycles there is a hierarchical relationship which shows that (...)
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  7.  41
    Genome Editing and Human Reproduction.Nuffield Council on Bioethics - 2019 - Jahrbuch für Wissenschaft Und Ethik 24 (1):255-322.
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  8.  97
    Artificial womb technology and the frontiers of human reproduction: conceptual differences and potential implications.Elizabeth Chloe Romanis - 2018 - Journal of Medical Ethics 44 (11):751-755.
    In 2017, a Philadelphia research team revealed the closest thing to an artificial womb the world had ever seen. The ‘biobag’, if as successful as early animal testing suggests, will change the face of neonatal intensive care. At present, premature neonates born earlier than 22 weeks have no hope of survival. For some time, there have been no significant improvements in mortality rates or incidences of long-term complications for preterms at the viability threshold. Artificial womb technology, that might change these (...)
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  9.  94
    Feminism & bioethics: beyond reproduction.Susan M. Wolf (ed.) - 1996 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    Bioethics has paid surprisingly little attention to the special problems faced by women and to feminist analyses of current health care issues other than ...
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  10.  48
    Expanding the use of posthumous assisted reproduction technique: Should the deceased’s parents be allowed to use his sperm?Efrat Ram-Tiktin, Roy Gilbar, Ronit B. Fruchter, Ido Ben-Ami, Shevach Friedler & Einat Shalom-Paz - 2018 - Clinical Ethics 14 (1):18-25.
    The posthumous retrieval and use of gametes is socially, ethically, and legally controversial. In the countries that do not prohibit the practice, posthumous assisted reproduction is usually permitted only at the request of the surviving spouse and only when the deceased left written consent. This paper presents the recommendations of an ethics committee established by the Israeli Fertility Association. In its discussions, the committee addressed the ethical considerations of posthumous use of sperm—even in the absence of written consent from (...)
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  11.  74
    The philosophy of reproduction.Suki Finn - 2021 - Think 20 (59):49-62.
    Every one of us has had some interaction with pregnancy, having been pregnant ourselves or having been the result of someone else's pregnancy. Pregnancy is a source of fascinating philosophical issues, yet has been historically underexplored. In this article, I examine why this might be, and propose how to proceed in the investigation within the context of philosophizing today.
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  12.  16
    Seeing a Work of Art Indirectly: When a Reproduction Is Better Than an Indirect View, and a Mirror Better Than a Live Monitor.Marco Bertamini & Colin Blakemore - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
    Visiting a museum and seeing an original artwork can be a special experience. We use a survey and a set of hypothetical questions to explore how such experience would be affected by changes in how the artwork is seen. In a first study, participants imagined that they had travelled to see a painting that they particularly like. They discover that it is impossible to directly see the original painting. Three alternatives are offered: seeing an optical reflection (using a mirror), seeing (...)
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  13.  16
    The final frontier: what is distinctive about the bioethics of space missions? The cases of human enhancement and human reproduction.Konrad Szocik & Michael J. Reiss - 2022 - Monash Bioethics Review 41 (2):87-102.
    We examine the bioethical issues that arise from long-duration space missions, asking what there is that is distinctive about such issues. We pay particular attention to the possibility that such space missions, certainly if they lead to self-sustaining space settlements, may require human enhancement, and examine the significance of reproduction in space for bioethics. We conclude that while space bioethics raises important issues to do with human survival and reproduction in very hazardous environments, it raises no issues that (...)
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  14.  12
    Forms, Souls, and Embryos: Neoplatonists on Human Reproduction.James Wilberding - 2016 - Routledge.
    Forms, Souls, and Embryos allows readers coming from different backgrounds to appreciate the depth and originality with which the Neoplatonists engaged with and responded to a number of philosophical questions central to human reproduction, including: What is the causal explanation of the embryo's formation? How and to what extent are Platonic Forms involved? In what sense is a fetus 'alive,' and when does it become a human being? Where does the embryo's soul come from, and how is it connected (...)
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  15.  26
    Creation ethics: reproduction, genetics and quality of life.David DeGrazia - 2015 - Journal of Medical Ethics 41 (5):415-416.
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  16.  22
    On the Discursive Construction of Social Entrepreneurship in Pitch Situations: The Intertextual Reproduction of Business and Social Discourse by Presenters and Their Audience.Karin Kreutzer - 2022 - Journal of Business Ethics 179 (4):1071-1090.
    This study explores the discourse of social entrepreneurs and their audiences in pitch situations. Adopting a practice perspective on social entrepreneurship, we videotaped 49 pitches by social entrepreneurs at five different events in two incubators in Germany and Switzerland. Our analysis of the start-ups’ pitches and the audience’s questions and comments as well as of interview data elucidates the nuances of social and business discourse that social entrepreneurs and their audiences draw upon. Our analysis shows how many social entrepreneurs mobilize (...)
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  17.  32
    From the Middle Ages to the 21st Century. Abortion, Assisted Reproduction Technologies and LGBT Rights in Argentina.Florencia Luna - 2018 - Canadian Journal of Bioethics / Revue canadienne de bioéthique 1 (2):26-36.
    Malgré des changements législatifs "progressifs" concernant la communauté des lesbiennes, gays, bisexuels et transgenres et les technologies de reproduction assistée en Argentine, les femmes et leurs droits sexuels et reproductifs ont été négligés. Cet article présente une perspective critique de certaines de ces modifications législatives dans le pays. Il explique pourquoi certains législateurs et membres de la société sont prêts à défier une approche conservatrice, voire traditionnelle, pour certains groupes tout en ignorant les autres. Plusieurs facteurs sont en jeu. (...)
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  18. The Body and the Reproduction of Femininity.Susan Bordo - 1997 - In Katie Conboy Nadia Medina, Writing on the Body: Female Embodiment and Feminist Theory. pp. 90--113.
  19.  23
    Two Historicisms: Unpacking the Rules of Reproduction Debate.Javier Moreno Zacarés - 2021 - Historical Materialism 29 (3):175-198.
    Knafo and Teschke’s provocative essay ‘Political Marxism and the Rules of Reproduction of Capitalism’ has prompted considerable debate. From a position of critical support, the present article intervenes in this debate by making three interrelated points. First, the structuralist–historicist divide that Knafo and Teschke identify is misleading and should be reformulated. Though the duality is real, this divide is best understood as a continuum between two kinds of historicism: a structural and an institutional historicism. Second, the article contextualises Knafo (...)
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  20.  46
    Narrative Identity in Third Party Reproduction: Normative Aspects and Ethical Challenges.Natacha Salomé Lima - 2018 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 15 (1):57-70.
    In the last few decades, assisted reproduction has introduced new challenges to the way people conceive and build their families. While the numbers of donor-conceived individuals have increased worldwide, there are still many controversies concerning access to donor information. Is there a fundamental moral right to know one’s genetic background? What does identity in DC families mean? Is there any relationship between identity formation and disclosure of genetic origins? These questions are addressed by analysing core regulatory discourse. This analysis (...)
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  21.  13
    Work of art in the Age of Its AI Reproduction.Ignas Kalpokas - forthcoming - Philosophy and Social Criticism.
    From a Benjaminian point of view, AI-generated art is distinct from both ‘traditional’ art and technologically enabled reproduction, for example, photography and film. Instead of mere mechanical representation of the world as it is presented to a device, AI-generated art involves identification and inventive representation of data patterns. This specific mode of data-based generation exceeds mere surface-level mimicry and enables deeper meaning, namely, an insight into the collective unconscious of the society. In this way, AI-generated art is never detached (...)
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  22.  19
    In the wake of the hostile environment: migration, reproduction and the Windrush scandal.Irene Gedalof - 2022 - Feminist Theory 23 (4):539-555.
    This article examines the place of reproduction in the UK migration policy popularly known as ‘the hostile environment’, introduced in 2012 by the Conservative–Lib Dem Coalition government, and the ‘Windrush scandal’ that followed. In order to think through how the reproductive sphere comes in to play in this policy and its consequences, I draw on theoretical insights from the work of Christina Sharpe and Saidiya Hartman, both of whom invite us to reflect on the ways in which the afterlife (...)
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  23. AGI and the Knight-Darwin Law: why idealized AGI reproduction requires collaboration.Samuel Alexander - 2020 - Agi.
    Can an AGI create a more intelligent AGI? Under idealized assumptions, for a certain theoretical type of intelligence, our answer is: “Not without outside help”. This is a paper on the mathematical structure of AGI populations when parent AGIs create child AGIs. We argue that such populations satisfy a certain biological law. Motivated by observations of sexual reproduction in seemingly-asexual species, the Knight-Darwin Law states that it is impossible for one organism to asexually produce another, which asexually produces another, (...)
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  24. A Bioethic of Communion: Beyond Care and the Four Principles with Regard to Reproduction.Thaddeus Metz - 2018 - In Marta Soniewicka, The Ethics of Reproductive Genetics - Between Utility, Principles, and Virtues. Cham: Springer Verlag. pp. 49-66.
    English-speaking research on morally right decisions in a healthcare context over the past three decades has been dominated by two major perspectives, namely, the Four Principles, of which the principle of respect for autonomy has been most salient, and the ethic of care, often presented as a rival to not only a focus on autonomy but also a reliance on principles more generally. In my contribution, I present a novel ethic applicable to bioethics, particularly as it concerns human procreation, that (...)
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  25.  41
    Evaluating models of robust word recognition with serial reproduction.Stephan C. Meylan, Sathvik Nair & Thomas L. Griffiths - 2021 - Cognition 210 (C):104553.
    Spoken communication occurs in a “noisy channel” characterized by high levels of environmental noise, variability within and between speakers, and lexical and syntactic ambiguity. Given these properties of the received linguistic input, robust spoken word recognition—and language processing more generally—relies heavily on listeners' prior knowledge to evaluate whether candidate interpretations of that input are more or less likely. Here we compare several broad-coverage probabilistic generative language models in their ability to capture human linguistic expectations. Serial reproduction, an experimental paradigm (...)
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  26.  69
    Achieving National Altruistic Self-Sufficiency in Human Eggs for Third-Party Reproduction in Canada.Françoise Baylis & Jocelyn Downie - 2014 - International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics 7 (2):164-184.
    To avoid the commercialization of reproduction, the Canadian Assisted Human Reproduction Act (AHR Act 2004) prohibits the purchase of human eggs. We endorse this legal prohibition and moreover believe that this facet of the law should not be allowed to have as an unintended consequence an increase in transnational trade in human eggs. In an effort to avoid this consequence, and to be consistent with the AHR Act, we advocate the pursuit of national altruistic self-sufficiency. This article briefly (...)
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  27. The Creation Lottery: Final Lessons from Natural Reproduction: Why Those Who Accept Natural Reproduction Should Accept Cloning and Other Frankenstein Reproductive Technologies.Julian Savulescu & John Harris - 2004 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 13 (1):90-95.
    Opponents of destructive embryo research, such as embryo rightists, as well as proponents accept that natural reproduction is permissible. There is an alternative to natural reproduction—to remain childless. John Harris began this series of articles by asking, what does a commitment to the permissibility of natural reproduction entail? Harris has argued that a commitment to the permissibility of natural reproduction entails a commitment to the permissibility of destructive embryo research. Julian Savulescu has denied this. However, there (...)
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  28.  53
    Current and future issues in assisted reproduction.LeRoy Walters - 1996 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 6 (4):383-387.
    The last quarter of the twentieth century has given rise to reproductive technologies and arrangements that in the earlier part of the century could only be dreamed of by the authors of science fiction. We stand in the middle of this reproductive revolution, trying to cope with the developments that have already occurred but with an uneasy sense that the future may be even more complicated ethically than the past and the present. In this brief essay, I will survey recent (...)
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  29.  35
    Sex is not a solution for reproduction: The libertine bubble theory.Thierry Lodé - 2011 - Bioessays 33 (6):419-422.
    Here, I propose a new hypothesis: sex originated from an archaic gene transfer process among prebiotic bubbles without the prerequisite for reproduction. This de‐coupling from reproduction might make the thorny problem of accounting for the evolution of sex, despite the apparent advantages of parthenogenicity, more tractable.
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  30.  33
    Context underlying decision-making on parenthood and reproduction.Miroslav Popper - 2012 - Human Affairs 22 (2):214-226.
    This article provides an overview of a number of research studies conducted within the field of parenthood and reproduction in a variety of Western cultures, including Slovakia and the countries of Eastern Europe. The main aim of this overview is to analyse two key indicators on Second Demographic Transition: delaying marriage and parenthood until later on in life and the growth in cohabitation as an alternative living arrangement and childbearing as part of that. The author points out that the (...)
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  31.  43
    Métaphysique et éthique de la reproduction.Lynda Gaudemard - 2017 - Dialogue 56 (1):1-19.
    In this article, I examine the standard assumption that ethical disagreements on abortion and human embryonic stem cells research are grounded on metaphysical claims that underlie these ethical issues. Contrary to what some philosophers have claimed, I argue that, although the bioethical positions about the human embryo’s moral status are partly grounded on metaphysical claims, incorporating metaphysical arguments in the debates about the ethics of reproduction will not resolve this issue.
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  32.  57
    Postracial Fantasies and the Reproduction of Scientific Racism.Daniel R. Morrison & Patrick Ryan Grzanka - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (9):65-67.
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  33. Ecosystem Evolution is About Variation and Persistence, not Populations and Reproduction.Frédéric Bouchard - 2014 - Biological Theory 9 (4):382-391.
    Building upon a non-standard understanding of evolutionary process focusing on variation and persistence, I will argue that communities and ecosystems can evolve by natural selection as emergent individuals. Evolutionary biology has relied ever increasingly on the modeling of population dynamics. Most have taken for granted that we all agree on what is a population. Recent work has reexamined this perceived consensus. I will argue that there are good reasons to restrict the term “population” to collections of monophyletically related replicators and (...)
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  34. Biomedical Models of Reproduction in the Fifth Century BC and Aristotle's Generation of Animals.Andrew Coles - 1995 - Phronesis 40 (1):48-88.
  35.  28
    Buy Baby: The European Union and Regulation of Human Reproduction.Tamara K. Hervey - 1998 - Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 18 (2):207-233.
    In its decision in ex parte Blood the Court of Appeal relied on European Community (EC) law to hold that the Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority had acted unlawfully in taking its decision to prevent Mrs Blood from exporting sperm taken from her dying husband without his written consent. The Blood case raises the issue of the extent to which EC law may affect the regulation of human reproduction in the Member States. Responding to fears that such national regulation (...)
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  36. 'Healthy' Human Embryos and Reproduction Making Embryos Healthy or Making Healthy Embryos: How Much of a Difference Between Prenatal Treatment and Selection?Adrienne Asch & David Wasserman - 2010 - In Adrienne Asch & David Wasserman, The 'Healthy' Embryo: Social, Biomedical, Legal and Philosophical Perspectives. pp. 201-18.
  37.  33
    An Essay on Performance-Reproduction.Kenji Ishigaki - 1995 - Journal of the Philosophy of Sport and Physical Education 17 (1):39-55.
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  38.  75
    Argentina: The Reproduction of Capital Accumulation through Political Crisis.Juan Iñigo Carrera - 2006 - Historical Materialism 14 (1):185-219.
  39.  15
    International migration and the reproduction of multiple inequalities.Alex Julca - 2012 - International Journal of Management Concepts and Philosophy 6 (1/2):45.
  40.  16
    The Infertility Clinic and the Birth of the Lesbian: The Political Debate on Assisted Reproduction in Denmark.Mette Bryld - 2001 - European Journal of Women's Studies 8 (3):299-312.
    As a feminist updating of Foucauldian analysis, the article makes the point that ‘the lesbian’ was not significantly exposed or seriously interpellated by Danish official discourse until the political debate on new reproductive technologies and reprogenetics accelerated at the end of the 20th century. In the 1990s, the debate thus constructed ‘the lesbian’ not only as an ‘unnatural mother’, but also as heiress to the monstrous figure of the ‘mad scientist’ whose tampering with the embryo had stirred the political mind (...)
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  41.  13
    A little bit pregnant: towards a pluralist account of non-sexual reproduction.Georgina Antonia Hall - forthcoming - Journal of Medical Ethics.
    Fertility clinicians participate in non-sexual reproductive projects by providing assisted reproductive technology (ART) to those hoping to reproduce, in support of their reproductive goals. In most countries where ART is available, the state regulates ART as a form of medical treatment. The predominant position in the reproductive rights literature frames the clinician’s role as medical technician, and the state as a third party with limited rights to interfere. These roles broadly align with established functions of clinician and state in Western (...)
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  42.  17
    Buffon, Species and the Forces of Reproduction.John H. Eddy - 2023 - Journal of the History of Biology 56 (3):479-493.
    Throughout the _Histoire naturelle_ Buffon was ever aware of epistemological issues involving the reproduction of species, the only beings in nature. By the 1760s he had come to believe that empirical evidence, the source of all human knowledge, revealed that reproduction was a physical process, involving a common living (minute, active, and lively) matter and material forces, all of which he traced to the foundational force of gravitational attraction.
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  43.  69
    Reciprocal Linkage between Self-organizing Processes is Sufficient for Self-reproduction and Evolvability.Terrence W. Deacon - 2006 - Biological Theory 1 (2):136-149.
    A simple molecular system is described consisting of the reciprocal linkage between an autocatalytic cycle and a self-assembling encapsulation process where the molecular constituents for the capsule are products of the autocatalysis. In a molecular environment sufficiently rich in the substrates, capsule growth will also occur with high predictability. Growth to closure will be most probable in the vicinity of the most prolific autocatalysis and will thus tend to spontaneously enclose supportive catalysts within the capsule interior. If subsequently disrupted in (...)
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  44.  34
    Three models for the regulation of polygenic scores in reproduction.Sarah Munday & Julian Savulescu - 2021 - Journal of Medical Ethics 47 (12):91-91.
    The past few years have brought significant breakthroughs in understanding human genetics. This knowledge has been used to develop ‘polygenic scores’ (or ‘polygenic risk scores’) which provide probabilistic information about the development of polygenic conditions such as diabetes or schizophrenia. They are already being used in reproduction to select for embryos at lower risk of developing disease. Currently, the use of polygenic scores for embryo selection is subject to existing regulations concerning embryo testing and selection. Existing regulatory approaches include (...)
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  45.  57
    Replication and reproduction.John Wilkins & Pierrick Bourrat - 2018 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
  46. Ideas of heredity, reproduction and eugenics in Britain, 1800–1875.John C. Waller - 2001 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 32 (3):457-489.
    In this paper I begin by arguing that there are significant intellectual and normative continuities between pre-Victorian hereditarianism and later Victorian eugenical ideologies. Notions of mental heredity and of the dangers of transmitting hereditary ‘taints’ were already serious concerns among medical practitioners and laymen in the early nineteenth century. I then show how the Victorian period witnessed an increasing tendency for these traditional concerns about hereditary transmission and the integrity of bloodlines to be projected onto the level of national health. (...)
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  47.  32
    NorPlant and Irresponsible Reproduction.John A. Robertson - 1995 - Hastings Center Report 25 (1):23-26.
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  48.  37
    Father Absence and Reproduction-Related Outcomes in Malaysia, a Transitional Fertility Population.Paula Sheppard, Kristin Snopkowski & Rebecca Sear - 2014 - Human Nature 25 (2):213-234.
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  49. Evolution by means of natural selection without reproduction: revamping Lewontin’s account.François Papale - 2020 - Synthese 198 (11):10429-10455.
    This paper analyzes recent attempts to reject reproduction with lineage formation as a necessary condition for evolution by means of natural selection :560–570, 2008; Stud Hist Philos Sci Part C Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci 42:106–114, 2011; Bourrat in Biol Philos 29:517–538, 2014; Br J Philos Sci 66:883–903, 2015; Charbonneau in Philos Sci 81:727–740, 2014; Doolittle and Inkpen in Proc Natl Acad Sci 115:4006–4014, 2018). Building on the strengths of these attempts and avoiding their pitfalls, it is argued (...)
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  50.  58
    Unjust History and Its New Reproduction—A Reply to My Critics.Alasia Nuti - 2021 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 24 (5):1245-1259.
    Demands calling for reparations for historical injustices—injustices whose original victims and perpetrators are now dead—constitute an important component of contemporary struggles for social and transnational justice. Reparations are only one way in which the unjust past is salient in contemporary politics. In my book, Injustice and the Reproduction of History: Structural Inequalities, Gender and Redress, I put forward a framework to conceptualise the normative significance of the unjust past. In this article, I will engage with the insightful comments and (...)
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