Results for 'observation'

976 found
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  1.  86
    Philosophy of Science Association Observation Reconsidered.Observation Reconsidered - 1984 - Philosophy of Science 51 (1):23-43.
    Several arguments are considered which purport to demonstrate the impossibility of theory-neutral observation. The most important of these infers the continuity of observation with theory from the presumed continuity of perception with cognition, a doctrine widely espoused in recent cognitive psychology. An alternative psychological account of the relation between cognition and perception is proposed and its epistemological consequences for the observation/theory distinction are then explored.
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  2.  21
    Julie Zahle.Participant Observation & Objectivity In Anthropology - 2013 - In Hanne Andersen, Dennis Dieks, Wenceslao J. Gonzalez, Thomas Uebel & Gregory Wheeler, New Challenges to Philosophy of Science. Springer Verlag. pp. 365.
  3. Alexander, D.(2002). UK Government: Alexander challenges business–“Social responsibility must not be just skin deep”. Coventry: M2 Presswire. [REVIEW]Oecd Observer - 2004 - Business Ethics 17 (9/10):1093-1102.
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  4.  18
    Kersten Reich.Participants Observers - 2009 - In Larry A. Hickman, Stefan Neubert & Kersten Reich, John Dewey between pragmatism and constructivism. New York: Fordham University Press. pp. 106.
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  5.  20
    Oe tl-mesons and oranges.Of Observability - 2007 - In Bernd Prien & David P. Schweikard, Robert Brandom: Analytic Pragmatist. ontos. pp. 10--59.
  6.  10
    Les problèmes sémiotiques du style à la lumière de la linguistique.Boris A. Uspenskij & Observations Préalables - 1971 - In Julia Kristeva, Josette Rey-Debove & Donna Jean Umike-Sebeok, Essays in semiotics. The Hague,: Mouton. pp. 4--447.
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  7. Anthropic Bias: Observation Selection Effects in Science and Philosophy.Nick Bostrom - 2002 - New York: Routledge.
    _Anthropic Bias_ explores how to reason when you suspect that your evidence is biased by "observation selection effects"--that is, evidence that has been filtered by the precondition that there be some suitably positioned observer to "have" the evidence. This conundrum--sometimes alluded to as "the anthropic principle," "self-locating belief," or "indexical information"--turns out to be a surprisingly perplexing and intellectually stimulating challenge, one abounding with important implications for many areas in science and philosophy. There are the philosophical thought experiments and (...)
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  8. The theory-ladenness of observation and the theory-ladenness of the rest of the scientific process.William F. Brewer & Bruce L. Lambert - 2001 - Philosophy of Science 68 (3):S176-S186.
    We use evidence from cognitive psychology and the history of science to examine the issue of the theory-ladenness of perceptual observation. This evidence shows that perception is theory-laden, but that it is only strongly theory-laden when the perceptual evidence is ambiguous or degraded, or when it requires a difficult perceptual judgment. We argue that debates about the theory-ladenness issue have focused too narrowly on the issue of perceptual experience, and that a full account of the scientific process requires an (...)
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  9. The concept of observation in science and philosophy.Dudley Shapere - 1982 - Philosophy of Science 49 (4):485-525.
    Through a study of a sophisticated contemporary scientific experiment, it is shown how and why use of the term 'observation' in reference to that experiment departs from ordinary and philosophical usages which associate observation epistemically with perception. The role of "background information" is examined, and general conclusions are arrived at regarding the use of descriptive language in and in talking about science. These conclusions bring out the reasoning by which science builds on what it has learned, and, further, (...)
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  10. Essays on Philanthropy and Civilization.Ma Lerner & A. Gift Observed - forthcoming - Common Knowledge.
     
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  11. Observation rising : birth of an epistemic genre, ca. 1500-1650.Gianna Pomata - 2011 - In Lorraine Daston & Elizabeth Lunbeck, Histories of scientific observation. London: University of Chicago Press.
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  12. Deep South. Memory and Observation. The Story of a Minister's Son and His Religion.E. Caldwell, C. R. Wilson & S. S. Hill - 1983 - Religious Studies 19 (1):114-119.
     
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  13. Cortical Activation during Action Observation, Action Execution, and Interpersonal Synchrony in Adults: A functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study.Anjana N. Bhat, Michael D. Hoffman, Susanna L. Trost, McKenzie L. Culotta, Jeffrey Eilbott, Daisuke Tsuzuki & Kevin A. Pelphrey - 2017 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 11.
  14. (6 other versions)Science: Observation and belief.Michael Polanyi - forthcoming - Humanitas.
     
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  15.  6
    Limitations of Observation: Luhmann and the Problem of Paradoxes in Cognition.И. Е Сапан - 2024 - Sociology of Power 36 (4):185-190.
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  16. Observation in the margins, 500-1500.Katharine Park - 2011 - In Lorraine Daston & Elizabeth Lunbeck, Histories of scientific observation. London: University of Chicago Press.
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  17. (1 other version)Self–observation.M. G. F. Martin - 1997 - European Journal of Philosophy 5 (2):119–140.
  18. Vagueness, observation, and sorites.Charles Travis - 1985 - Mind 94 (375):345-366.
  19.  68
    Measurement and the verificationist theory/observation distinction.Miklavž Vospernik - 2004 - Acta Analytica 19 (33):95-117.
    In the following article, we propose to show that following the general verificationist epistemic programme (its demand that the truth of our judgments be verifiable), the analysis of measurement on the one hand, and the classical positivist analysis of common-sense observation on the other, do not lead to same conclusions. This is especially important, because the differences in conclusions concern the positivist theory/observation distinction. In particular, the analysis of measurement does not fully support this distinction. This fact might (...)
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  20.  22
    Observation and explanation: a guide to philosophy of science.Norwood Russell Hanson - 1971 - London,: Allen & Unwin.
  21. The Proactive Synergy Between Action Observation and Execution in the Acquisition of New Motor Skills.Maria Chiara Bazzini, Arturo Nuara, Emilia Scalona, Doriana De Marco, Giacomo Rizzolatti, Pietro Avanzini & Maddalena Fabbri-Destro - 2022 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 16:793849.
    Motor learning can be defined as a process that leads to relatively permanent changes in motor behavior through repeated interactions with the environment. Different strategies can be adopted to achieve motor learning: movements can be overtly practiced leading to an amelioration of motor performance; alternatively, covert strategies (e.g., action observation) can promote neuroplastic changes in the motor system even in the absence of real movement execution. However, whether a training regularly alternating action observation and execution (i.e., Action (...) Training, AOT) may surpass the pure motor practice (MP) and observational learning (OL) remains to be established. To address this issue, we enrolled 54 subjects requiring them to learn tying nautical knots via one out of three types of training (AOT, MP, OL) with the scope to investigate which element mostly contributes to motor learning. We evaluated the overall improvement of each group, along with the predictive role that neuropsychological indexes exert on each treatment outcome. The AOT group exhibited the highest performance improvement (42%), indicating that the regular alternation between observation and execution biases participants toward a better performance. The reiteration of this sequence provides an incremental, adjunct value that super-adds onto the efficacy of motor practice or observational learning in isolation (42% > 25% + 10%, i.e., OL + MP). These findings extend the use of the AOT from clinical and rehabilitative contexts to daily routines requiring the learning and perfectioning of new motor skills such as sports training, music, and occupational activities requiring fine motor control. (shrink)
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  22.  25
    Quantitative observation of misfit dislocation arrays in low and high angle twist grain boundaries.T. Schober & R. W. Balluffi - 1970 - Philosophical Magazine 21 (169):109-123.
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  23.  33
    “REOFUT” as an Observation Tool for Tactical Analysis on Offensive Performance in Soccer: Mixed Method Perspective.Rafael Aranda, Joaquín González-Ródenas, Ignacio López-Bondia, Rodrigo Aranda-Malavés, Andrés Tudela-Desantes & M. Teresa Anguera - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  24. Multiple Universes and Observation Selection Effects.Darren Bradley - 2009 - American Philosophical Quarterly 46 (1):72.
    The fine-tuning argument can be used to support the Many Universe hypothesis. The Inverse Gambler’s Fallacy objection seeks to undercut the support for the Many Universe hypothesis. The objection is that although the evidence that there is life somewhere confirms Many Universes, the specific evidence that there is life in this universe does not. I will argue that the Inverse Gambler’s Fallacy is not committed by the fine-tuning argument. The key issue is the procedure by which the universe with life (...)
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  25. On Scientific Observation.Lorraine Daston - 2008 - Isis 99 (1):97-110.
    For much of the last forty years, certain shared epistemological concerns have guided research in both the history and the philosophy of science: the testing of theory (including the replication of experiments), the assessment of evidence, the bearing of theoretical and metaphysical assumptions on the reality of scientific objects, and, above all, the interaction of subjective and objective factors in scientific inquiry. This essay proposes a turn toward ontology—more specifically, toward the ontologies created and sustained by scientific observation. Such (...)
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  26.  27
    The observation of dislocations in thin single crystal films of gold prepared by evaporation.D. W. Pashley - 1959 - Philosophical Magazine 4 (39):324-335.
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  27.  22
    Transmission electron microscopy observation of a deformation twin in TWIP steel by anex situtensile test.J. B. Liu, X. H. Liu, W. Liu, Y. W. Zeng & K. Y. Shu - 2011 - Philosophical Magazine 91 (31):4033-4044.
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  28.  33
    Gender Effects in Observation of Robotic and Humanoid Actions.Miriam Abel, Sinem Kuz, Harshal J. Patel, Henning Petruck, Christopher M. Schlick, Antonello Pellicano & Ferdinand C. Binkofski - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
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  29. Observation and Objectivity.Harold I. Brown - 1989 - Philosophy of Science 56 (3):544-547.
     
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  30.  41
    Observation of Communication by Physical Education Teachers: Detecting Patterns in Verbal Behavior.Abraham García-Fariña, F. Jiménez-Jiménez & M. Teresa Anguera - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  31.  69
    Testimony and observation of statistical evidence interact in adults' and children's category-based induction.Zoe Finiasz, Susan A. Gelman & Tamar Kushnir - 2024 - Cognition 244 (C):105707.
  32. Observation Language and Theoretical Language.Rudolf Carnap - 1975 - In Jaakko Hintikka, Rudolf Carnap, logical empiricist: materials and perspectives. Boston: D. Reidel Pub. Co.. pp. 75--85.
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  33.  17
    The observation of dissociated dislocations in silicon.I. L. F. Ray & D. J. H. Cockayne - 1970 - Philosophical Magazine 22 (178):853-856.
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  34.  15
    Semiosis as Eigenform and Observation as Recursive Interpretation.Diana Gasparyan - 2020 - Constructivist Foundations 15 (3):271-279.
    Context: Recent decades have seen the development of new branches of semiotics, including biosemiotics, cognitive semiotics, and cybersemiotics. An important feature of these concepts is the ….
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  35. On some problems concerning observation of biological systems.S. J. Piotr Lenartowicz & J. Koszteyn - 2000 - Analecta Husserliana 66:107-120.
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  36. A natural order: Observation and the 4 seasons (Camille Pissarro).K. F. Volkmar - 1998 - In Donald Kuspit, Art Criticism. pp. 13--1.
     
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  37.  22
    The observation of dislocations to accommodate the misfit between crystals with different lattice parameters.J. W. Matthews - 1961 - Philosophical Magazine 6 (71):1347-1349.
  38. Teaching worms : observation and conversation.Cindy Ballenger - 2025 - In Cara E. Furman & Tomas de Rezende Rocha, Teachers and philosophy: essays on the contact zone. Albany: State University of New York Press.
     
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  39. Perception and observation unladened.Ioannis Votsis - 2015 - Philosophical Studies 172 (3):563-585.
    Let us call ‘veridicalism’ the view that perceptual beliefs and observational reports are largely truthful. This paper aims to make a case for veridicalism by, among other things, examining in detail and ultimately deflating in import what many consider to be the view’s greatest threat, the so-called ‘theory-ladenness’ of perception and/or observation. In what follows, it is argued that to the extent that theoretical factors influence the formation of perceptual beliefs and observational reports, as theory-ladenness demands, that influence is (...)
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  40.  46
    Direct observation of plasticity and quantitative hardness measurements in single crystal cyclotrimethylene trinitramine by nanoindentation.Kyle J. Ramos, Daniel E. Hooks & David F. Bahr - 2009 - Philosophical Magazine 89 (27):2381-2402.
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  41.  19
    Observation of helicoidal dislocation lines in fluorite crystals.W. Bontinck & S. Amelinckx - 1957 - Philosophical Magazine 2 (13):94-96.
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  42. An observation on Carnapʼs Continuum and stochastic independencies.J. B. Paris - 2013 - Journal of Applied Logic 11 (4):421-429.
    We characterize those identities and independencies which hold for all probability functions on a unary language satisfying the Principle of Atom Exchangeability. We then show that if this is strengthen to the requirement that Johnson's Sufficientness Principle holds, thus giving Carnap's Continuum of inductive methods for languages with at least two predicates, then new and somewhat inexplicable identities and independencies emerge, the latter even in the case of Carnap's Continuum for the language with just a single predicate.
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  43.  19
    Direct observation of defects in evaporated silver.V. A. Phillips - 1960 - Philosophical Magazine 5 (54):571-583.
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  44.  29
    The observation of a dislocation ‘Climb’ source.K. H. Westmacott, R. S. Barnes & R. E. Smallman - 1962 - Philosophical Magazine 7 (81):1585-1596.
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  45.  34
    fMRI Adaptation between Action Observation and Action Execution Reveals Cortical Areas with Mirror Neuron Properties in Human BA 44/45.Stephan de la Rosa, Frieder L. Schillinger, Heinrich H. Bülthoff, Johannes Schultz & Kamil Uludag - 2016 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 10.
  46.  17
    Electron microscopic observation of neutron-irradiated germanium.G. Den Ouden - 1969 - Philosophical Magazine 19 (158):321-324.
  47.  32
    A Naturalistic Observation of Spontaneous Touches to the Body and Environment in the First 2 Months of Life.Abigail DiMercurio, John P. Connell, Matthew Clark & Daniela Corbetta - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  48.  99
    N. R. Hanson: observation, discovery, and scientific change.Matthew D. Lund - 2010 - Amherst, N.Y.: Humanity Books.
    Biographical sketch -- Philosophical context -- Observation -- Logic of discovery -- Philosophy and history of science -- Quantum theory -- Conceptual structure, analogy, and the logic of discovery revisited.
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  49.  13
    Kant on Observation.Andrew Cooper - 2021 - In Camilla Serck-Hanssen & Beatrix Himmelmann, The Court of Reason: Proceedings of the 13th International Kant Congress. De Gruyter. pp. 941-950.
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  50.  21
    Direct observation of coherency strains in a copper-cobalt alloy.V. A. Phillips & J. D. Livingston - 1962 - Philosophical Magazine 7 (78):969-980.
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