The exchange of goods and services between individuals is often formalised by a contract in which the parties establish norms to define what is expected of each one. Norms use deontic statements of obligation, prohibition, and permission, which may be in conflict. The task of manually detecting norm conflicts can be time–consuming and error-prone since contracts can be vast and complex. To automate such tasks, we develop an approach to identify potential conflicts between norms. We show the effectiveness of our (...) approach and its individual components empirically using two publicly available corpora, and contribute with a new annotated test corpus for norm conflict identification. (shrink)

O presente trabalho busca responder à indagação constante no seu título, visto que pouco se sabe sobre a adaptação literária no tocante aos gêneros textuais literários que são objetos desse processo. Em vista disso, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica que possibilitou a configuração da adaptação literária como um fenômeno editorial da literatura infantil brasileira. A partir dos dados coletados, foi possível identificar os gêneros textuais inseridos no universo da narrativa literária, mais adaptados a crianças e jovens no Brasil: lenda, mito, epopeia, (...) apólogo, tragédia, comédia, drama romântico, conto, novela e romance. Essa tipologia indicia uma diversidade de narrativas, o que propicia ao leitor em formação, via adaptação, a exposição a um leque variado de gêneros textuais, possibilitando compor um horizonte de expectativas, na acepção de Jauss, bastante heterogêneo. Contudo, a ocorrência de tal variedade depende do processo de adaptação, uma vez que o adaptador pode interferir na estrutura da narrativa, alterando, por conseguinte, o gênero. (shrink)

The proliferation of AI systems across all domains of life as well as the complexification and opacity of algorithmic techniques, epitomised by the bourgeoning field of Deep Learning (DL), call for new methods in the Humanities for reflecting on the techno-human relation in a way that places the technical operation at its core. Grounded on the work of the philosopher of technology Gilbert Simondon, this paper puts forward individuation theory as a valuable approach to reflect on contemporary information technologies, offering (...) an analysis of the functioning of deep neural networks (DNNs), a type of data-driven computational models at the core of major breakthroughs in AI. The purpose of this article is threefold: (1) to demonstrate how a joint reading of Simondon’s mechanology and individuation theory, foregrounded in the Simondonian concept of information, can cast new light on contemporary algorithmic techniques by considering their situated emergence as opposed to technical lineage; (2) to suspend a predictive framing of AI systems, particularly DL techniques, so as to probe into their technical operation, accounting for the data-driven individuation of these models and the integration of potentials as functionality; and finally, (3) to argue that individuation theory might in fact de-individuate AI, in the sense of disassembling the already-there, the constituted, paving the way for questioning the potentialities for data and their algorithmic relationality to articulate the unfolding of everyday life. (shrink)

Iniciamos esta resenha na voz da Banda Cecília, O Autismo, lançada oficialmente em 2011. Constrói-se na letra o descrédito, o olhar cismado de muitos, que de certo modo é preciso ser enxergado como apontado no último verso da primeira estrofe do compositor Tiago Barros. Finalmente no ritmo da Banda Cecília, a composição de Tiago Barros serve de retrato para uma compreensão encovada do Transtorno do Espectro Autista.

This paper aims to show that by confronting the ethical alternatives proposed by Nietzsche and MacIntyre as resulting of their critical analyses of the modern moral condition respectively done in Genealogy of the Morals and After Virtue , we can find shared theoretical presumptions that point to those alternatives as convergent in many cases and not simply as excluding each other, even in a opposed direction to the MacIntyre’s point of view concerning that issue.

This article intends to follow the path of building the notion of object in relation to the démarche Lacanian, as well as locate elements of rapprochement with Winnicott's transitional object. For accomplish our purpose, we begin with the object definition as proposed by Freud - (1) as the correlate of drive; (2) as the correlate of love and (3) in relation to the subject - and indicates the Lacanian option of emphasize the dimension of language in a reading that focuses (...) on Freud's theory and technique as a whole. In this context, Winnicott arises as an author that, proposing the concept of transitional object, allows Lacan's presentation of the distinction between the symbolic and imaginary records in relation to concepts of desire, demand and need while enabling the construction of a proper concept of object. One can consider that, in his formulations, Lacan does criticize the post-freudians for producing a deviation of the technique and doctrine of Freud in disregarding the subject's speech, favoring a practice of interpreting resistance. Winnicott is then greeted as a distinguished author, a post-Freudian psychoanalyst post that doesn't deviates from freudian's precepts and takes the clinic as its main support. The theoretical relations of approximation and distanciation between Lacan and Winnicott, allow us, in the body of this article, to problematize the bound between the concepts of object a and transitional object. (shrink)

O presente artigo visa discutir a ausência de vergonha na melancolia e a satisfação dos pacientes em comunicar o desprezo por si mesmo, tal como descritos por Freud em 1917. Para tanto, segue a argumentação do ensaio Luto e Melancolia e indica os aportes conceituais necessários para a apresentação da melancolia como uma neurose narcísica, distinta da vivência de luto. Considerando que a vergonha é um afeto que se coloca na fronteira entre psíquico e social, busca refletir sobre as implicações (...) clínicas de sua ausência na melancolia. (shrink)

ABSTRACT: In the 18th century, Kant evaluated that his historical period was not a time of enlightenment, but rather minority, because of man’s inability to use his own understanding. Adorno updated this problem, interpreting the minority in our presente in terms of loss of experience. Men are no longer apt to experience, because the technical and economic apparatus prevents the clarification and awareness of reality. From this diagnosis, The aim of this article is to investigate Adorno’s educational thought in its (...) possibilities of emancipation. In our point of view, the role of education, in the thoughts of the Frankfurtian, is to recover the critical autonomy of individuals, through dialectical thinking, to rebuild the damaged experience. (shrink)

The paper presents different clustering approaches in legal judgments from the Special Civil Court located at the Federal University of Santa Catarina. The subject is Consumer Law, specifically cases in which consumers claim moral and material compensation from airlines for service failures. To identify patterns from the dataset, we apply four types of clustering algorithms: Hierarchical and Lingo, K-means and Affinity Propagation. We evaluate the results based on the following criteria: entropy and purity; algorithm's ability in providing labels; legal expert’s (...) evaluation; and experimental complexity. The results demonstrate that the most advantageous approach is Hierarchical Clustering, since it has the best entropy and purity numbers, as well as the least difficulty for the expert to analyze the clusters, and the least experimental complexity. The main contribution of the paper is to show the advantages and disadvantages of each approach, especially to identify labels in unstructured and non-indexed legal texts. (shrink)

Capítulo 9 do livro de Donald Davidson Subjective, Intersubjective, Objective. Oxford University Press, 2001. Tradução de Helder Buenos Aires de Carvalho, realizada originalmente para o Portal Brasileiro da Filosofia/CEFA.

Este quarto número da CADERNOS DO PET FILOSOFIA, revista eletrônica que nasceu dos objetivos de integrar ensino, pesquisa e extensão no âmbito do grupo PET Filosofia do Programa de Educação Tutorial na Universidade Federal do Piauí, estabelece um final da marca visual que adotamos até aqui, abrindo espaço para um novo começo no próximo volume. Nosso sítio na internet mudou o visual, incorporando uma logo produzida pelo petiano Franklin Silva; os artigos da revista também mudaram o lay out, ficando mais (...) enxutos e mais ecológicos para impressão, além de oferecerem informações mais completas sobre os artigos no cabeçalho e no rodapé – visualmente eles estão também mais agradáveis para os olhos. (shrink)

This article explores the concept of "practice" in Alasdair MacIntyre's moral theory, emphasizing its relevance for reconstructing virtue ethics in a contemporary context of moral fragmentation. Through a critical analysis of his work, After Virtue, the historical, philosophical, and narrative foundations of his ethical framework are examined. MacIntyre characterizes modernity as a period of moral disorder, marked by ethical pluralism lacking a shared basis for consensus. He advocates for the revival of teleology and Aristotelian virtues to address these dilemmas, adapting (...) them to the current cultural and social context. The concept of practice is central to this approach, defined as a collaborative activity guided by internal norms and values aiming for intrinsic excellence. Furthermore, the author employs narrative as a structure to integrate morality, history, and tradition. This research argues that reintegrating virtues and practices into morality offers a cohesive and meaningful solution to contemporary ethical challenges. This study deepens the understanding of the implications of virtue ethics in a pluralistic world, highlighting its applicability in strengthening the common good and justice. (shrink)

O texto apresenta um mapeamento exploratório inicial da realidade do ensino de filosofia no ensino fundamental e médio na rede de ensino público e privado de Teresina/PI, realizado no ano de 2000, objetivando disponibilizar dados para a organização dessa área de saber como o campo de atuação dos profissionais de filosofia e servir de subsídios à projeção das atividades da universidade na formação desses profissionais e na formulação de políticas de atuação do Departamento de Filosofia/UFPI junto ao ensino básico. O (...) resultado da pesquisa se apresenta na forma de diagnóstico exploratório de natureza quantitativa, especificando aspectos capazes de configurar a realidade da prática pedagógica do ensino de filosofia, tais como: a presença da disciplina no currículo escolar, a carga-horária conferida ao trabalho didático-pedagógico de filosofia, a formação acadêmica dos professores e professoras que ministram a disciplina, os conteúdos programáticos que predominam nos programas da disciplina, a bibliografia básica utilizada como apoio ao trabalho docente, a metodologia deste ensino e a recepção da disciplina entre os estudantes. (shrink)

A characteristics of Contemporary Occidental Cultural machinery is making Ethics a central point concerning to the several spheres of human activity, including the action of mass media, crossing public health problems and economic questions, and coming to political activity, new technologies development and ecology. However, if this positively points us to a possible enhancement of human being before the viral pluralism in which we now live by showing how ethical requirements are more extensive each moment everywhere, on the other side (...) this apparent consensus can not prevent us to take the question concerning what it is deeply mobilizing all that Cultural machinery around that subject. This paper presents the main axes of Alasdair MacIntyre´s virtue ethics by showing how tradition, rationality and human good are articulated in order to offer an alternative to the difficulties of granting a moral rationality inside the Contemporary Occidental Cultural machinery, before the cultural force of Emotivism and also of relativism. (shrink)

Este é o primeiro número da CADERNOS DO PET FILOSOFIA, revista eletrônica que nasceu dos objetivos de integrar ensino, pesquisa e extensão no âmbito do grupo PET Filosofia do Programa de Educação Tutorial na Universidade Federal do Piauí. Sua publicação representa a concretização de um esforço coletivo, por docentes e discentes do Curso de Filosofia da UFPI, bem como de nossos colegas professores de outras IES do país, em busca de um espaço de discussão crítica e coletiva que permita a (...) partilha genuína de reflexões, preocupações e trabalho teórico no esclarecimento e inovação das questões filosóficas e do seu ensino nos mais diferentes níveis, dessa forma, ampliando as fronteiras do PET Filosofia para além dos muros de nossa UFPI. (shrink)

Apresentamos, com satisfação, aos nossos leitores o quinto número da CADERNOS DO PET FILOSOFIA. Ele traz consigo mais uma novidade: a mudança de nossa capa. As imagens tradicionais do Piauí que trazíamos em nossas capas anteriormente na forma de pequenos quadros, agora estão radicalizadas em sua presença: elas passam a ocupar todo o enquadramento da capa de nossos números.