Results for 'WordNet'

26 found
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  1. Medical WordNet: A new methodology for the construction and validation of information resources for consumer health.Barry Smith & Christiane Fellbaum - 2004 - In Barry Smith & Christiane Fellbaum (eds.), Proceedings of Coling: The 20th International Conference on Computational Linguistics. Geneva: pp. 371-382.
    A consumer health information system must be able to comprehend both expert and non-expert medical vocabulary and to map between the two. We describe an ongoing project to create a new lexical database called Medical WordNet (MWN), consisting of medically relevant terms used by and intelligible to non-expert subjects and supplemented by a corpus of natural-language sentences that is designed to provide medically validated contexts for MWN terms. The corpus derives primarily from online health information sources targeted to consumers, (...)
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  2. Towards new information resources for public health: From WordNet to MedicalWordNet.Christane Fellbaum, Udo Hahn & Barry Smith - 2006 - Journal of Biomedical Informatics 39 (3):321-332.
    In the last two decades, WORDNET has evolved as the most comprehensive computational lexicon of general English. In this article, we discuss its potential for supporting the creation of an entirely new kind of information resource for public health, viz. MEDICAL WORDNET. This resource is not to be conceived merely as a lexical extension of the original WORDNET to medical terminology; indeed, there is already a considerable degree of overlap between WORDNET and the vocabulary of medicine. (...)
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  3. WordNet and wordnets.Christiane Fellbaum - 2005 - In Keith Brown (ed.), Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics. Elsevier. pp. 2--665.
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  4.  22
    The Arabic ontology – an Arabic wordnet with ontologically clean content.Mustafa Jarrar - 2021 - Applied ontology 16 (1):1-26.
    We present a formal Arabic wordnet built on the basis of a carefully designed ontology hereby referred to as the Arabic Ontology. The ontology provides a formal representation of the concepts that the Arabic terms convey, and its content was built with ontological analysis in mind, and benchmarked to scientific advances and rigorous knowledge sources as much as this is possible, rather than to only speakers’ beliefs as lexicons typically are. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted thereby demonstrating that the (...)
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  5.  67
    Semantic opposition and wordnet.Sandiway Fong - 2004 - Journal of Logic, Language and Information 13 (2):159-171.
    We consider the problem of semantic opposition; in particular, theproblem of determining adjective-verb opposition for transitive changeof state verbs and adjectivally modified grammatical objects. Semanticopposition problems of this type are a sub-case of the classic FrameProblem; the well-known problem of knowing what is preserved orchanged in the world as a result of some action or event. Bydefinition, grammatical objects of change of state verbs undergomodification. In cases where the object is adjectivally modified, theproblem reduces to determining whether the property denoted (...)
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    Adding dense, weighted connections to WORDNET.Daniel Osherson - manuscript
    WORDNET, a ubiquitous tool for natural language processing, suffers from sparsity of connections between its component concepts (synsets). Through the use of human annotators, a subset of the connections between 1000 hand-chosen synsets was assigned a value of “evocation” representing how much the first concept brings to mind the second. These data, along with existing similarity measures, constitute the basis of a method for predicting evocation between previously unrated pairs.
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  7. OWL expressions on WordNet and EDR.Seiji Koide, Takeshi Morita, Takahira Yamaguchi, Hendry Muljadi & Hideaki Takeda - 2006 - Ai Society Semantic Web Ontology Sig 13.
  8.  14
    Semantic Interpretation and the Upper-Level Ontology of WordNet.Fernando Gomez - 2007 - Journal of Intelligent Systems 16 (2):93-116.
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  9.  41
    Shrinking digital gap through automatic generation of WordNet for Indian languages.Amita Jain, Devendra K. Tayal & Sunny Rai - 2015 - AI and Society 30 (2):215-222.
  10. Enhancing user creativity: semantic measures for idea generation.Georgi V. Georgiev & Danko D. Georgiev - 2018 - Knowledge-Based Systems 151:1-15.
    Human creativity generates novel ideas to solve real-world problems. This thereby grants us the power to transform the surrounding world and extend our human attributes beyond what is currently possible. Creative ideas are not just new and unexpected, but are also successful in providing solutions that are useful, efficient and valuable. Thus, creativity optimizes the use of available resources and increases wealth. The origin of human creativity, however, is poorly understood, and semantic measures that could predict the success of generated (...)
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  11.  50
    Biologically Plausible, Human‐Scale Knowledge Representation.Eric Crawford, Matthew Gingerich & Chris Eliasmith - 2016 - Cognitive Science 40 (4):782-821.
    Several approaches to implementing symbol-like representations in neurally plausible models have been proposed. These approaches include binding through synchrony, “mesh” binding, and conjunctive binding. Recent theoretical work has suggested that most of these methods will not scale well, that is, that they cannot encode structured representations using any of the tens of thousands of terms in the adult lexicon without making implausible resource assumptions. Here, we empirically demonstrate that the biologically plausible structured representations employed in the Semantic Pointer Architecture approach (...)
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  12.  81
    Automatic Extraction of Property Norm‐Like Data From Large Text Corpora.Colin Kelly, Barry Devereux & Anna Korhonen - 2014 - Cognitive Science 38 (4):638-682.
    Traditional methods for deriving property-based representations of concepts from text have focused on either extracting only a subset of possible relation types, such as hyponymy/hypernymy (e.g., car is-a vehicle) or meronymy/metonymy (e.g., car has wheels), or unspecified relations (e.g., car—petrol). We propose a system for the challenging task of automatic, large-scale acquisition of unconstrained, human-like property norms from large text corpora, and discuss the theoretical implications of such a system. We employ syntactic, semantic, and encyclopedic information to guide our extraction, (...)
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  13.  17
    (1 other version)Towards Modeling False Memory With Computational Knowledge Bases.Justin Li & Emma Kohanyi - 2016 - Topics in Cognitive Science 8 (4).
    One challenge to creating realistic cognitive models of memory is the inability to account for the vast common–sense knowledge of human participants. Large computational knowledge bases such as WordNet and DBpedia may offer a solution to this problem but may pose other challenges. This paper explores some of these difficulties through a semantic network spreading activation model of the Deese–Roediger–McDermott false memory task. In three experiments, we show that these knowledge bases only capture a subset of human associations, while (...)
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  14. DOLCE: A descriptive ontology for linguistic and cognitive engineering1.Stefano Borgo, Roberta Ferrario, Aldo Gangemi, Nicola Guarino, Claudio Masolo, Daniele Porello, Emilio M. Sanfilippo & Laure Vieu - 2022 - Applied ontology 17 (1):45-69.
    dolce, the first top-level (foundational) ontology to be axiomatized, has remained stable for twenty years and today is broadly used in a variety of domains. dolce is inspired by cognitive and linguistic considerations and aims to model a commonsense view of reality, like the one human beings exploit in everyday life in areas as diverse as socio-technical systems, manufacturing, financial transactions and cultural heritage. dolce clearly lists the ontological choices it is based upon, relies on philosophical principles, is richly formalized, (...)
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  15.  99
    The Large‐Scale Structure of Semantic Networks: Statistical Analyses and a Model of Semantic Growth.Mark Steyvers & Joshua B. Tenenbaum - 2005 - Cognitive Science 29 (1):41-78.
    We present statistical analyses of the large‐scale structure of 3 types of semantic networks: word associations, WordNet, and Roget's Thesaurus. We show that they have a small‐world structure, characterized by sparse connectivity, short average path lengths between words, and strong local clustering. In addition, the distributions of the number of connections follow power laws that indicate a scale‐free pattern of connectivity, with most nodes having relatively few connections joined together through a small number of hubs with many connections. These (...)
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  16.  83
    The structuring of legal knowledge in Lois.Wim Peters, Maria-Teresa Sagri & Daniela Tiscornia - 2007 - Artificial Intelligence and Law 15 (2):117-135.
    Legal information retrieval is in need of the provision of legal knowledge for the improvement of search strategies. For this purpose, the LOIS project is concerned with the construction of a multilingual WordNet for cross-lingual information retrieval in the legal domain. In this article, we set out how a hybrid approach, featuring lexically and legally grounded conceptual representations, can fit the cross-lingual information retrieval needs of both legal professionals and laymen.
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  17. The Inclusion of Polysemes in Non-native English Textbooks: A Corpus-based Study.Hicham Lahlou & Hajar Abdul Rahim - 2023 - Arab World English Journal 14 (2):19-29.
    Despite the large number of studies conducted on polysemy, they mostly compare the different methods and techniques to learn a language and establish the extent to which particular sense relations facilitate the learning of second language vocabulary. To our best knowledge, no research has been conducted to determine whether or not polysemy is emphasized in non-native English textbooks. The objective of the present research was to determine the degree to which polysemy is incorporated in English textbooks. Thus, the research question (...)
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  18.  80
    Ontology for information systems: artefacts as a case study.Massimiliano Carrara & Marzia Soavi - 2008 - Mind and Society 7 (2):143-156.
    The goal of the paper is to analyse some specific features of a very central concept for top-level ontologies for information systems: i.e. the concept of artefact. Specifically, we analyse the relation to be a copy of that is strongly linked to the notion of artefact and—as we will demonstrate—could be useful to distinguish artefacts from objects of other kinds. Firstly, we outline some intuitive and commonsensical reasons for the need of a clarification of the notion of artefact in ontologies (...)
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  19. Learning Word Meaning From Dictionary Definitions: Sensorimotor Induction Precedes Verbal Instruction.Stevan Harnad - unknown
    Almost all words are the names of categories. We can learn most of our words (and hence our categories) from dictionary definitions, but not all of them. Some have to be learned from direct experience. To understand a word from its definition we need to already understand the words used in the definition. This is the “Symbol Grounding Problem” [1]. How many words (and which ones) do we need to ground directly in sensorimotor experience in order to be able to (...)
     
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  20. SeCoDa: Sense Complexity Dataset.David Strohmaier, Sian Gooding, Shiva Taslimipoor & Ekaterina Kochmar - 2020 - Proceedings of the 12Th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference.
    The Sense Complexity Dataset (SeCoDa) provides a corpus that is annotated jointly for complexity and word senses. It thus provides a valuable resource for both word sense disambiguation and the task of complex word identification. The intention is that this dataset will be used to identify complexity at the level of word senses rather than word tokens. For word sense annotation SeCoDa uses a hierarchical scheme that is based on information available in the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. This way we (...)
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  21. Generating and Interpreting Metaphors with NETMET.Eric Steinhart - 2005 - APA Newsletter on Philosophy and Computers 4 (2).
    The structural theory of metaphor (STM) uses techniques from possible worlds semantics to generate and interpret metaphors. STM is presented in detail in The Logic of Metaphor: Analogous Parts of Possible Worlds (Steinhart, 2001). STM is based on Kittay’s semantic field theory of metaphor (1987) and ultimately on Black’s interactionist theory (1962, 1979). STM uses an intensional calculus to specify truth-conditions for many grammatical forms of metaphor. The truth-conditional analysis in STM is inspired in part by Miller (1979) and Hintikka (...)
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  22.  12
    A study of an intelligent algorithm combining semantic environments for the translation of complex English sentences.Ping Wang - 2022 - Journal of Intelligent Systems 31 (1):623-631.
    In order to improve the translation quality of complex English sentences, this paper investigated unknown words. First, two baseline models, the recurrent neural machine translation (RNMT) model and the transformer model, were briefly introduced. Then, the unknown words were identified and replaced based on WordNet and the semantic environment and input to the neural machine translation (NMT) model for translation. Finally, experiments were conducted on several National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) datasets. It was found that the transformer (...)
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  23.  37
    Bity i byty. O pewnym mało znanym zastosowaniu ontologii.Paweł Garbacz - 2007 - Filozofia Nauki 3 (59):121--140.
    In this paper we are focused on the relation between an Ontology (with the capital "O") qua philosophical discipline and an ontology (with the lowercase "o") qua branch of Computer Science. In our view "Ontology" refers to all philosophical groups or schools which take some position on the reality. The meaning of 'ontology' in the second case is not that easy to grasp because of the variety of artefacts which are called 'ontologies' and many activities - aiming at creating the (...)
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  24.  74
    Diverse perspectives on ontology: A joint report on the First IAOA Interdisciplinary Summer School on Ontological Analysis.Emilio Sanfilippo, Emanuele Ratti, Francesca Quattri, Aleksandra Sojic, Federico Boem, Gaoussou Camara & Eric Chuk - 2013 - Applied ontology 8 (1):59-71.
    The aim of the following report is to outline the content of the lectures given during the First IAOA Interdisciplinary Summer School on Ontological Analysis (July 16–20, 2012, Trento, Italy). The...
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    Building A Corpus of Open Ancient Greek: New Ways to Learn, Teach, and Publish.Leonard Muellner - 2021 - Human Review. International Humanities Review / Revista Internacional de Humanidades 10:293-305.
    Documents the history and rationale as well as the technology for the creation of an open online corpus of Ancient Greek texts, the Free First Thousand Years of Greek. Reveals the energy on a worldwide basis for building open data along with the boundless creativity around developing software tools for teaching, research, and publishing that exploit open data in ways that were impossible before.
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  26. Advanced lexical ontologies and hybrid knowledge based systems: First steps to a dynamic legal electronic commentary. [REVIEW]Erich Schweighofer & Doris Liebwald - 2007 - Artificial Intelligence and Law 15 (2):103-115.
    Legal Information Retrieval (IR) research has stressed the fact that legal knowledge systems should be sufficiently capable to interpret and handle the semantics of a database. Modeling (expert-) knowledge by using ontologies enhances the ability to extract and exploit information from documents. This contribution presents theories, ideas and notions regarding the development of dynamic electronic commentaries based on a comprehensive legal ontology.
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