Study on religious and philosophical works of Gōpadēva Śāstri, 1896/1897-1996, Hindu scholar.

Turn taking is observed in many field and laboratory settings captured by various widely studied 2 × 2 games. This article develops a repeated game model that allows us to systematically investigate turn-taking behavior in many 2 × 2 games, including the battle of the sexes, the game of chicken, the game of common-pool-resources assignment, and a particular version of the prisoners’ dilemma. We consider the “turn taking with independent randomizations” (TTIR) strategy that achieves three objectives: (a) helping the players (...) reach the turn-taking path, (b) resolving the question of who takes the good turn first, and (c) deterring defection. We determine conditions under which there exists a unique TTIR strategy profile that can be supported as a subgame-perfect equilibrium. We also show that there exist conditions under which an increase in the “degree of conflict” of the stage game leads to a decrease in the expected number of periods in reaching the turn-taking path. (shrink)

The Research Domani Criteria framework (RdoC) encourages research on specific impairments present across traditional nosological categories and suggests a list of biological and behavioral measures for assessing them. After a description of RdoC, in this article we focus on impairments of the ability of understanding others, specifically in Theory of Mind and empathy. We illustrate recent evidence on brain anomalies correlating with these deficits in Schizophrenia, Addiction Disorders and Mood Disorders populations. In the last section, we zoom out and consider (...) this kind of research vis-à-vis the objection of being reductionistic that is, in favoring mechanistic accounts of mental disorders. We argue that metaphysical reductionism and explanatory reductionism are not conceptually entailed by the RdoC framework. (shrink)

Medication error is the most common and consistent type of error occurring in hospitals. This article attempts to explore the ethical issues relating to the nursing management of medication errors in clinical areas in Macau, China. A qualitative approach was adopted. Seven registered nurses who were involved in medication errors were recruited for in-depth interviews. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using content analysis. Regarding the management of patients, the nurses acknowledged the mistakes but did not disclose the incidents to (...) patients and relatives. Concerning management of the nurses involved by senior staff, most participants experienced fairness, comfort and understanding during the process of reporting and investigation. The ethical issues relating to the incidents were discussed, particularly in the Chinese context. There is a need for further study relating to the disclosure of medication incidents to patients and some suggestions were made. (shrink)

The Battle of the Sexes game, which captures both coordination and conflict problems, has been applied to a wide range of situations. We show that, by reducing distributional conflict and enhancing coordination, turn taking supported by a “turn taking with independent randomizations” strategy allows players to engage in intertemporal sharing of the gain from cooperation. Using this insight, we decompose the benefit from turn taking into conflict-mitigating and coordination-enhancing components. Our analysis suggests that an equilibrium measure of the “degree of (...) intertemporal conflict” provides an intuitive way to understand the sources of welfare gain from turn taking in the repeated Battle of the Sexes game. We find that when this equilibrium measure is lower, players behave less aggressively and the welfare gain from turn taking is higher. (shrink)

Contributions of Vaiśeṣika philosophy to Ayurvedic medicine; a study.

On the concept of substance one of the basic elements in Vaiśeṣika school of Hindu philosophy.

On the semantics of Vaiśeṣika philosophy.

Study of the concept of substance (Dravya) in Vaiśeṣika philosophy.

Supercommentary on Praśastapādabhāṣya of Praśastapādācārya, commemtary on Vaiśeṣikasūtra of Kaṇāda, compendium of Vaiśeṣika philosophy.

Contributions of Vaiśeṣika philosophy to Ayurvedic medicine; a study.

Study based on Praśastapādabhāṣya, compendium of the Vaiśeṣika philosophy by Praśastapādācārya.

Study on the fundamentals of Vaiśeṣika school in Hindu philosophy.

Comparative study of Vaiśeshikasūtrāvr̥tti of Candrānanda on Vaiśeshikasūtra of Kaṇāda and Yuktidīpikā commentary on Sāṅkhyakārikā of Iśvarakr̥shṇa, works on the fundamentals of Vaiśeshika and Sāṅkhya philosophy.

Description of pramāṇa (evidence) in Vaiśeṣika school of Hindu philosophy.

Study on the fundamentals of Vaiśeṣika school in six systems of Hindu philosophy.

Classical compendium, with commentaries, of the Vaiśeṣika school in Indic philosophy.

Study on knowledge in Vaiśeṣika and Buddhist philosophy with special reference of Praśastapādācārya and Dignāga, active 5th century.

Study of metaphysics according to Vaiśeṣika philosophy and Jaina philosophy.

Study on the four basic sutras of Vaiśeṣikasūtra of Kaṇāda, aphoristic work on the fundamentals of Vaiśeṣika philosophy.

Research papers on Vaiśeṣika philosophy, Sanskrit grammar and Poetics.

Treatise, with Sanskrit commentaries, on the basic tenets of the Vaiśeṣika school in Hindu philosophy.

The author has combined his knowledge of original Sanskrit materials with his study of western philosophy to produce a new interpretation of the Brahmas tras. He has put forward and amply substantiated a very challenging thesis: the original Brahmas tras and the Upanisads can be interpreted in the light of the theological ideas of the Bh gavata and the teachings of Sri Caitanya. It is an illuminating study of modern Hinduism which exposes the scriptural bases of modern ideas.

This is a scholarly book on one of the oldest living relgions of India.