Results for 'Voluntary informed consent'

984 found
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  1.  37
    (1 other version)Voluntary Informed Consent in Paediatric Oncology Research.Sara A. S. Dekking, Rieke Van Der Graaf & Johannes J. M. Van Delden - 2015 - Bioethics 30 (6):440-450.
    In paediatric oncology, research and treatments are often closely combined, which may compromise voluntary informed consent of parents. We identified two key scenarios in which voluntary informed consent for paediatric oncology studies is potentially compromised due to the intertwinement of research and care. The first scenario is inclusion by the treating paediatric oncologist, the second scenario concerns treatments confined to the research context. In this article we examine whether voluntary informed consent (...)
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  2.  49
    Voluntary Informed Consent Is Not Risk Dependent.Sara A. S. Dekking, Rieke van der Graaf, C. Michel Zwaan & Johannes J. M. van Delden - 2019 - American Journal of Bioethics 19 (4):33-35.
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  3.  77
    Culture and voluntary informed consent in african health care systems.Augustine Frimpong-Mansoh - 2007 - Developing World Bioethics 8 (2):104-114.
    This paper discusses how to apply a collective decision model of the principle of voluntary informed consent in African communitarian culture, in a culturally sensitive way, in order to protect research candidates from potential exploitations and abuses. Dismissing cultural and ethical skepticism surrounding the global application of the principle of voluntary informed consent, the paper ultimately concludes that international collaboration on diagnostic and therapeutic medical research in Africa, especially HIV vaccine trials, is a moral (...)
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  4.  35
    Ethical considerations and voluntary informed consent in research in sport.Graham McFee - unknown
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  5.  61
    Competence, Voluntariness, and Oppressive Socialization: A Feminist Critique of the Threshold Elements of Informed Consent.Dominic Sisti & Joseph Stramondo - 2015 - International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics 8 (1):67-85.
    Feminists have argued that oppressive socialization undermines the liberal model of autonomy. We contend that this argument can also be employed effectively as a challenge to the standard bioethical model of informed consent. We claim that the standard model is inadequate because it relies on presumptions of procedural autonomy and rational choice that overlook the problem of how agents are often socialized so that they adopt and internalize oppressive norms as part of their motivational structure. The argument that (...)
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  6.  34
    Comprehension of informed consent and voluntary participation in registration cohorts for phase IIb HIV vaccine trial in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania: a qualitative descriptive study.Edith A. M. Tarimo & Masunga K. Iseselo - 2024 - BMC Medical Ethics 25 (1):1-13.
    BackgroundInformed consent as stipulated in regulatory human research guidelines requires volunteers to be well-informed about what will happen to them in a trial. However, researchers may be faced with the challenge of how to ensure that a volunteer agreeing to take part in a clinical trial is truly informed. This study aimed to find out volunteers’ comprehension of informed consent and voluntary participation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) clinical trials during the registration cohort.MethodsWe conducted (...)
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  7. Addiction, Voluntary Choice, and Informed Consent: A Reply to Uusitalo and Broers.Edmund Henden - 2015 - Bioethics 30 (4):293-298.
    In an earlier article in this journal I argued that the question of whether heroin addicts can give voluntary consent to take part in research which involves giving them a choice of free heroin does not – in contrast with a common assumption in the bioethics literature – depend exclusively on whether or not they possess the capacity to resist their desire for heroin. In some cases, circumstances and beliefs might undermine the voluntariness of the choices a person (...)
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  8.  90
    Voluntary participation and comprehension of informed consent in a genetic epidemiological study of breast cancer in Nigeria.Patricia A. Marshall, Clement A. Adebamowo, Adebowale A. Adeyemo, Temidayo O. Ogundiran, Teri Strenski, Jie Zhou & Charles N. Rotimi - 2014 - BMC Medical Ethics 15 (1):38.
    Studies on informed consent to medical research conducted in low or middle-income settings have increased, including empirical investigations of consent to genetic research. We investigated voluntary participation and comprehension of informed consent among women involved in a genetic epidemiological study on breast cancer in an urban setting of Nigeria comparing women in the case and control groups.
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  9. Heroin addiction and voluntary choice: The case of informed consent.Edmund Henden - 2012 - Bioethics 27 (7):395-401.
    Does addiction to heroin undermine the voluntariness of heroin addicts' consent to take part in research which involves giving them free and legal heroin? This question has been raised in connection with research into the effectiveness of heroin prescription as a way of treating dependent heroin users. Participants in such research are required to give their informed consent to take part. Louis C. Charland has argued that we should not presume that heroin addicts are competent to do (...)
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  10.  28
    Informed Consent and Voluntariness: Balancing Ethical Demands During Trial Recruitment.Cassandra J. Thomson, Rebecca A. Segrave & Adrian Carter - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 12 (1):83-85.
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  11.  52
    Informed Consent for Short-Stay Surgery.Anne-Maria Kanerva, Tarja Suominen & Helena Leino-Kilpi - 1999 - Nursing Ethics 6 (6):483-493.
    This study in the context of short-stay surgery is based on a definition according to which informed consent consists of five elements: consent, voluntariness, disclosure of information, understanding and competence. The data were collected in four district hospitals in southern Finland by using a structured questionnaire. The population consisted of short-stay and one-day surgery patients (n = 107). Data analysis was based on statistical methods. The results indicated some problems in the realization of informed consent. (...)
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  12.  41
    Rethinking Informed Consent in Research on Heroin‐Assisted Treatment.Susanne Uusitalo & Barbara Broers - 2014 - Bioethics 29 (7):462-469.
    Can heroin addicts give consent to research on trials in which heroin is prescribed to them? Analyses of addicts and informed consent have been objects of debate in several articles. Informed consent requires the agent not only to be competent but also to give consent voluntarily. This has been questioned because of alleged features of heroin addiction. Until recently the discussion has focused on heroin addicts' desires for heroin, whether these are irresistible and thus (...)
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  13.  23
    The practice of obtaining informed consent for elective surgery and anesthesia from patients’ perspective: An institutional based cross-sectional study.Tadese Tamire & Aragaw Tesfaw - 2022 - Clinical Ethics 17 (1):57-62.
    Introduction Informed consent is a body of shared decision-making process and voluntary authorization of patients to receive medical or surgical intervention. There are limited studies conducted so far to examine the practice of informed consent in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the practice of informed consent process for surgery and Anesthesia. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May 2019. The data were collected using interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and analyzed in (...)
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  14. The ethics of managing affective and emotional states to improve informed consent: Autonomy, comprehension, and voluntariness.Hillel Braude & Jonathan Kimmelman - 2010 - Bioethics 26 (3):149-156.
    Over the past several decades the ‘affective revolution’ in cognitive psychology has emphasized the critical role affect and emotion play in human decision-making. Drawing on this affective literature, various commentators have recently proposed strategies for managing therapeutic expectation that use contextual, symbolic, or emotive interventions in the consent process to convey information or enhance comprehension. In this paper, we examine whether affective consent interventions that target affect and emotion can be reconciled with widely accepted standards for autonomous action. (...)
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  15.  44
    Ethical Issues in Intraoperative Neuroscience Research: Assessing Subjects’ Recall of Informed Consent and Motivations for Participation.Anna Wexler, Rebekah J. Choi, Ashwin G. Ramayya, Nikhil Sharma, Brendan J. McShane, Love Y. Buch, Melanie P. Donley-Fletcher, Joshua I. Gold, Gordon H. Baltuch, Sara Goering & Eran Klein - 2022 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 13 (1):57-66.
    BackgroundAn increasing number of studies utilize intracranial electrophysiology in human subjects to advance basic neuroscience knowledge. However, the use of neurosurgical patients as human research subjects raises important ethical considerations, particularly regarding informed consent and undue influence, as well as subjects’ motivations for participation. Yet a thorough empirical examination of these issues in a participant population has been lacking. The present study therefore aimed to empirically investigate ethical concerns regarding informed consent and voluntariness in Parkinson’s disease (...)
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  16.  28
    'No-suicide Contracts' and Informed Consent: an analysis of ethical issues.Tony L. Farrow & Anthony J. O’Brien - 2003 - Nursing Ethics 10 (2):199-207.
    The ‘no-suicide contract’ is a frequently utilized tool in both the assessment and dispersal of suicidal patients. However, little attention has been given to questioning whether suicidal persons are able to give informed consent to enter such a contract. This article utilizes both the existing literature on no-suicide contracts and the results of recent research into the effects of this tool, to examine whether its use is consistent with the legal and ethical doctrine of informed consent. (...)
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  17.  47
    Informed consent for controlled human infection studies in low‐ and middle‐income countries: Ethical challenges and proposed solutions.Vina Vaswani, Abha Saxena, Seema K. Shah, Ricardo Palacios & Annette Rid - 2020 - Bioethics 34 (8):809-818.
    In controlled human infection studies (CHIs), participants are deliberately exposed to infectious agents in order to better understand the mechanism of infection or disease and test therapies or vaccines. While most CHIs have been conducted in high‐income countries, CHIs have recently been expanding into low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). One potential ethical concern about this expansion is the challenge of obtaining the voluntary informed consent of participants, especially those who may not be literate or have limited education. (...)
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  18.  89
    Does Informed Consent Have an Expiry Date? A Critical Reappraisal of Informed Consent as a Process.Gert Helgesson & Stefan Eriksson - 2011 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 20 (1):85-92.
    Informed consent is central to modern research ethics. Informed consent procedures have mainly been justified in terms of respect for autonomy, the core idea being that it should be every competent individual’s right to decide for herself whether or not to participate in scientific studies. A number of conditions are normally raised with regard to morally valid informed consent. These include that potential research subjects get adequate information, understand those aspects that are relevant to (...)
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  19.  25
    Assessment of the All of Us research program’s informed consent process.Megan Doerr, Sarah Moore, Vanessa Barone, Scott Sutherland, Brian M. Bot, Christine Suver & John Wilbanks - 2021 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 12 (2):72-83.
    Informed consent is the gateway to research participation. We report on the results of the formative evaluation that follows the electronic informed consent process for the All of Us Research Program. Of the nearly 250,000 participants included in this analysis, more than 95% could correctly answer questions distinguishing the program from medical care, the voluntary nature of participation, and the right to withdraw; comparatively, participants were less sure of privacy risk of the program. We also (...)
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  20.  33
    Informed consent and nurses’ roles.A. P. Susilo, J. V. Dalen, M. N. Chenault & A. Scherpbier - 2014 - Nursing Ethics 21 (6):684-694.
    Background: In Southeast Asia, the process of obtaining informed consent is influenced by both culture and policy at the hospital and national level. Both physicians and nurses play vital roles in this process, but physicians influence the roles of nurses. Objectives: Since the physicians and nurses often have different perspectives, it is important to investigate their views about the informed consent process and nurses’ roles therein and whether there is a difference between ideal and experienced practice (...)
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  21. Expanding the Frame of "Voluntariness" in Informed Consent: Structural Coercion and the Power of Social and Economic Context.Jill A. Fisher - 2013 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 23 (4):355-379.
    Whether intended or not, conceptions of informed consent are often rooted in archetypal notions of the researcher and prospective study participant. The former is assumed problematically to be a disinterested yet humanitarian individual who is well trained to conduct robust science. The latter is often characterized as being motivated by some altruistic notions about the contribution to science and society they are making even as they seek some personal benefit from the research. Cast in a dyad, the researcher (...)
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  22.  41
    (1 other version)The Epistemological Import of Informed Consent in Clinical Research.Oluwaseun Adeola Adenugba - 2013 - Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 4 (2):34-40.
    This paper attempts to establish the epistemological import and limits of informed consent in clinical research. It points out that informed consent is a necessary requirement in clinical research because it ensures adequate participation of care receivers in issues relating to their health. Besides ensuring that care receivers have knowledge of whatever medical intervention they are consenting to, informed consent, as an ideal, provides assurance that care receivers and others are neither coerced nor deceived. (...)
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  23.  34
    Researchers’ views on, and experiences with, the requirement to obtain informed consent in research involving human participants: a qualitative study.Antonia Xu, Melissa Therese Baysari, Sophie Lena Stocker, Liang Joo Leow, Richard Osborne Day & Jane Ellen Carland - 2020 - BMC Medical Ethics 21 (1):1-11.
    Background Informed consent is often cited as the “cornerstone” of research ethics. Its intent is that participants enter research voluntarily, with an understanding of what their participation entails. Despite agreement on the necessity to obtain informed consent in research, opinions vary on the threshold of disclosure necessary and the best method to obtain consent. We aimed to investigate Australian researchers’ views on, and their experiences with, obtaining informed consent. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted (...)
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  24.  30
    Informed consent and participant perceptions of influenza vaccine trials in South Africa.K. Moodley - 2005 - Journal of Medical Ethics 31 (12):727-732.
    Background and objectives: There are few insights from sub-Saharan Africa on research participants’ experiences of the informed consent process, particularly in the context of randomised controlled trials, where issues of randomisation and the use of placebos may be confusing concepts for participants. This study investigated the knowledge and perceptions of the informed consent process among individuals participating in influenza vaccine trials in two disadvantaged communities in South Africa.Method: Four to 12 months after completion of the trials, (...)
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  25.  14
    The Senate's Proposed Statutory Definition of 'Voluntary and Informed Consent'.Robert J. Levine - 1980 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 2 (4):8.
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  26.  22
    Informed consent in clinical trials.G. P. Kovane, V. C. Nikoderm & O. Khondowe - 2022 - South African Journal of Bioethics and Law 15 (2):48-53.
    Background. Informed consent (IC) is not only a regulatory but also an ethical requirement to participate in any clinical trial. It is essential to determine that research participants understand what they consent to. Studies that evaluate participants’ understanding of IC conclude that recall and understanding of IC is often low, and researchers recommend that interactive multimedia interventions should be implemented to optimise understanding. Objectives. To assess participants’ understanding of IC of the research trial that they agreed to (...)
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  27.  71
    Informed consent for clinical trials of deep brain stimulation in psychiatric disease: challenges and implications for trial design: Table 1.Nir Lipsman, Peter Giacobbe, Mark Bernstein & Andres M. Lozano - 2012 - Journal of Medical Ethics 38 (2):107-111.
    Advances in neuromodulation and an improved understanding of the anatomy and circuitry of psychopathology have led to a resurgence of interest in surgery for psychiatric disease. Clinical trials exploring deep brain stimulation (DBS), a focally targeted, adjustable and reversible form of neurosurgery, are being developed to address the use of this technology in highly selected patient populations. Psychiatric patients deemed eligible for surgical intervention, such as DBS, typically meet stringent inclusion criteria, including demonstrated severity, chronicity and a failure of conventional (...)
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  28.  18
    (1 other version)Voluntariness of consent to research: a preliminary empirical investigation.P. S. Appelbaum, C. W. Lidz & R. Klitzman - 2008 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 31 (6):10-14.
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  29.  66
    Limiting Factors Impacting on Voluntary First Person Informed Consent in the Philippines.Fatima Alvarez Castillo - 2002 - Developing World Bioethics 2 (1):21-27.
    How well can institutional guidelines help ensure the dignity, rights, safety and well being of research participants in an underdeveloped country? In this paper I describe the limits of informed consent as an instrument for the protection of participants in the context of the Philippines. I bring to this paper my experiences as an advocate of rights, a member of an ethics review board, a researcher on the ethics of research and as an observer of the dynamics of (...)
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  30.  21
    Compliance with research ethics in epidemiological studies targeted to conflict-affected areas in Western Ethiopia: validity of informed consent (VIC) by information comprehension and voluntariness (ICV).Nicki Tiffin, Anja Bedeker, Michelle Nichols, Lami Bayisa, Eba Abdisa, Bizuneh Wakuma, Mekdes Yilma & Gemechu Tiruneh - 2024 - BMC Medical Ethics 25 (1):1-9.
    BackgroundThe conduct of research is critical to advancing human health. However, there are issues of ethical concern specific to the design and conduct of research in conflict settings. Conflict-affected countries often lack strong platform to support technical guidance and monitoring of research ethics, which may lead to the use of divergent ethical standards some of which are poorly elaborated and loosely enforced. Despite the growing concern about ethical issues in research, there is a dearth of information about ethical compliance in (...)
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  31.  53
    Lay concepts in informed consent to biomedical research: The capacity to understand and appreciate risk.Ana Iltis - 2006 - Bioethics 20 (4):180–190.
    ABSTRACT Persons generally must give their informed consent to participate in research. To provide informed consent persons must be given information regarding the study in simple, lay language. Consent must be voluntary, and persons giving consent must be legally competent to consent and possess the capacity to understand and appreciate the information provided. This paper examines the relationship between the obligation to disclose information regarding risks and the requirement that persons have the (...)
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  32. The quality of informed consent: mapping the landscape. A review of empirical data from developing and developed countries.Amulya Mandava, Christine Pace, Benjamin Campbell, Ezekiel Emanuel & Christine Grady - 2012 - Journal of Medical Ethics 38 (6):356-365.
    Objective Some researchers claim that the quality of informed consent of clinical research participants in developing countries is worse than in developed countries. To evaluate this assumption, we reviewed the available data on the quality of consent in both settings. Methods We conducted a comprehensive PubMed search, examined bibliographies and literature reviews, and consulted with international experts on informed consent in order to identify studies published from 1966 to 2010 that used quantitative methods, surveyed participants (...)
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  33.  59
    Informed Consent for HPV Vaccination: A Relational Approach. [REVIEW]Maria Gottvall, Tanja Tydén, Margareta Larsson, Christina Stenhammar & Anna T. Höglund - 2013 - Health Care Analysis (1):1-13.
    The aim of this study was to explore the relational aspects of the consent process for HPV vaccination as experienced by school nurses, based on the assumption that individuals have interests related to persons close to them, which is not necessarily to be apprehended as a restriction of autonomy; rather as a voluntary and emotionally preferred involvement of their close ones. Thirty Swedish school nurses were interviewed in five focus groups, before the school based vaccination program had started (...)
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  34.  99
    Ethics and Informed Consent of Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) for Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD).Fabrice Jotterand, Shawn M. McClintock, Archie A. Alexander & Mustafa M. Husain - 2010 - Neuroethics 3 (1):13-22.
    Since the Nuremberg trials (1947–1949), informed consent has become central for ethical practice in patient care and biomedical research. Codes of ethics emanating from the Nuremberg Code (1947) recognize the importance of protecting patients and research subjects from abuses, manipulation and deception. Informed consent empowers individuals to autonomously and voluntarily accept or reject participation in either clinical treatment or research. In some cases, however, the underlying mental or physical condition of the individual may alter his or (...)
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  35.  16
    Gurus and Griots: Revisiting the research informed consent process in rural African contexts.Richard Appiah - 2021 - BMC Medical Ethics 22 (1):1-11.
    BackgroundResearchers conducting community-based participatory action research (CBPAR) in highly collectivistic and socioeconomically disadvantaged community settings in sub-Saharan Africa are confronted with the distinctive challenge of balancing universal ethical standards with local standards, where traditional customs or beliefs may conflict with regulatory requirements and ethical guidelines underlying the informed consent (IC) process. The unique ethnic, socioeconomic, and cultural diversities in these settings have important implications for the IC process, such as individual decisional autonomy, beneficence, confidentiality, and signing the IC (...)
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  36.  57
    Interculturalism and Informed Consent: Respecting Cultural Differences without Breaching Human Rights.Perihan Elif Ekmekci & Berna Arda - 2017 - Cultura 14 (2):159-172.
    Interventions in medicine require multicenter clinical trialson a large rather than limited number of subjects from various genetic and cultural backgrounds. International guidelines to protect the rights and well-being of human subjects involved in clinical trialsarecriticizedforthe priority they place on Western cultural values. These discussions become manifest especially with regard to the content and methodology of the informed consent procedure. The ethical dilemma emerges from the argument that there are fundamental differences about the concept of respect for the (...)
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  37.  28
    Informed Consent in Medical Research: Edited by L Doyal, J S Tobias. BMJ Books, 2001, pound50.00 (hb), pp 336. ISBN 0-7279-1486-. [REVIEW]R. Ashcroft - 2002 - Journal of Medical Ethics 28 (4):279-2.
    Debates over research ethics have until recently revolved around two related questions: the voluntary, informed consent of subjects, and the appropriate relationship between risk and benefit to subjects in the experiment. Recently more attention has been paid to issues of justice in research studies, especially in the international arena, and to issues of the scientific and financial probity of researchers. Yet these new foci augment rather than supplant the traditional focus on consent, since arguably “the rights (...)
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  38.  28
    Context is key for voluntary and informed consent.Jeanne M. Sears - 2005 - American Journal of Bioethics 5 (1):47 – 48.
  39.  91
    The Concept of Voluntary Consent.Robert M. Nelson, Tom Beauchamp, Victoria A. Miller, William Reynolds, Richard F. Ittenbach & Mary Frances Luce - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (8):6-16.
    Our primary focus is on analysis of the concept of voluntariness, with a secondary focus on the implications of our analysis for the concept and the requirements of voluntary informed consent. We propose that two necessary and jointly sufficient conditions must be satisfied for an action to be voluntary: intentionality, and substantial freedom from controlling influences. We reject authenticity as a necessary condition of voluntary action, and we note that constraining situations may or may not (...)
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  40.  14
    The Senate's Definition of Voluntary and Informed Consent: Another View.Jay Katz - 1980 - IRB: Ethics & Human Research 2 (6):5.
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  41.  30
    Beauty and Breast Implantation: How Candidate Selection Affects Autonomy and Informed Consent.Lisa S. Parker - 1995 - Hypatia 10 (1):183 - 201.
    Candidate evaluation for breast implantation presents a more important obstacle to the fulfillment of the normative requirements of informed consent than do the social roles of women or cultural norms governing female beauty. I argue that women's decisions to receive breast implants may indeed be informed, competently made, and substantially voluntary, but that the cultural construction of beauty may undermine women's autonomy by influencing the evaluation of surgical candidates and risk disclosure during informed consent.
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  42. The physician's influence on informed consent for bone marrow transplantation.Andrea F. Patenaude, Joel M. Rappeport & Brian R. Smith - 1986 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 7 (2).
    The influence of physician judgment on the disclosure, competency, understanding, voluntariness, and decision aspects of informed consent for bone marrow transplantation are described. Ethical conflicts which arise from the amount and complexity of the information to be disclosed and from the barriers of limited time, patient anxiety and lack of prior relationship between patient and physician are discussed. The role of the referring physician in the decision-making is considered. Special ethical issues which arise with use of healthy related (...)
     
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  43.  42
    Voluntary consent: theory and practice.Maximilian Kiener - 2023 - New York, NY: Routledge.
    Voluntariness is a necessary condition of valid consent. But determining whether a person consented voluntarily can be difficult, especially when people are subjected to coercion or manipulation, placed in a situation with no acceptable alternative other than to consent to something, or find themselves in an abusive relationship. This book presents a novel view on the voluntariness of consent, especially medical consent, which the author calls Interpersonal Consenter-Consentee Justification (ICCJ). According to this view, consent is (...)
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  44.  27
    Informed Consent, An Ongoing Conversation.Deirdre Neilen - 2013 - Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics 3 (1):10-12.
    This narrative symposium examines the relationship of bioethics practice to personal experiences of illness. A call for stories was developed by Tod Chambers, the symposium editor, and editorial staff and was sent to several commonly used bioethics listservs and posted on the Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics website. The call asked authors to relate a personal story of being ill or caring for a person who is ill, and to describe how this affected how they think about bioethical questions and the (...)
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  45.  91
    "I don't like that, it's tricking people too much...": acute informed consent to participation in a trial of thrombolysis for stroke.M. Mangset, R. Førde, J. Nessa, E. Berge & T. Bruun Wyller - 2008 - Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (10):751-756.
    Background: Informed consent is regarded as a contract between autonomous and equal parties and requires the elements of information disclosure, understanding, voluntariness and consent. The validity of informed consent for critically ill patients has been questioned. Little is known about how these patients experience the process of consent.Objective: The aim of this study was to explore critically ill patients’ experience with the principle of informed consent in a clinical trial and their ability (...)
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  46. Money for research participation: Does it jeopardize informed consent?Christine Grady - 2001 - American Journal of Bioethics 1 (2):40 – 44.
    Some are concerned about the possibility that offering money for research participation can constitute coercion or undue influence capable of distorting the judgment of potential research subjects and compromising the voluntariness of their informed consent. The author recognizes that more often than not there are multiple influences leading to decisions, including decisions about research participation. The concept of undue influence is explored, as well as the question of whether or not there is something uniquely distorting about money as (...)
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  47. Voluntary Rehabilitation? On Neurotechnological Behavioural Treatment, Valid Consent and (In)appropriate Offers.Lene Bomann-Larsen - 2011 - Neuroethics 6 (1):65-77.
    Criminal offenders may be offered to participate in voluntary rehabilitation programs aiming at correcting undesirable behaviour, as a condition of early release. Behavioural treatment may include direct intervention into the central nervous system (CNS). This article discusses under which circumstances voluntary rehabilitation by CNS intervention is justified. It is argued that although the context of voluntary rehabilitation is a coercive circumstance, consent may still be effective, in the sense that it can meet formal criteria for (...) consent. Further, for a consent to be normatively valid (“take the wronging out of the act”) under a coercive circumstance, the subject to be treated must (1) have the sovereign authority to consent, and (2) the offer-giver must be in the right normative position to make the offer. While I argue that subjects do have the sovereign authority to consent to treatment, I also argue that inappropriate offers yield invalid consents. Considerations on inappropriate offers should therefore inform which kinds of CNS intervention-based rehabilitation schemes the state may propose as part of the criminal justice system. Yet as I conclude in this paper, while there are some intrinsic constraints on voluntary rehabilitation programs, the main constraints on voluntary rehabilitation are likely to be contingent overriders. However, CNS intervention is not ruled out as such in the context of voluntary rehabilitation. (shrink)
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  48.  73
    Is Consent Based on Trust Morally Inferior to Consent Based on Information?Nana Cecilie Halmsted Kongsholm & Klemens Kappel - 2017 - Bioethics 31 (6):432-442.
    Informed consent is considered by many to be a moral imperative in medical research. However, it is increasingly acknowledged that in many actual instances of consent to participation in medical research, participants do not employ the provided information in their decision to consent, but rather consent based on the trust they hold in the researcher or research enterprise. In this article we explore whether trust-based consent is morally inferior to information-based consent. We analyse (...)
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  49.  70
    Organ Donation, Brain Death and the Family: Valid Informed Consent.Ana S. Iltis - 2015 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 43 (2):369-382.
    I argue that valid informed consent is ethically required for organ donation from individuals declared dead using neurological criteria. Current policies in the U.S. do not require this and, not surprisingly, current practices inhibit the possibility of informed consent. Relevant information is withheld, opportunities to ensure understanding and appreciation are extremely limited, and the ability to make and communicate a free and voluntary decision is hindered by incomplete disclosure and other practices. Current practices should be (...)
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  50.  52
    Evaluation of the quality of informed consent in a vaccine field trial in a developing country setting.Deon Minnies, Tony Hawkridge, Willem Hanekom, Rodney Ehrlich, Leslie London & Greg Hussey - 2008 - BMC Medical Ethics 9 (1):15-.
    BackgroundInformed consent is an ethical and legal requirement for research involving human participants. However, few studies have evaluated the process, particularly in Africa.Participants in a case control study designed to identify correlates of immune protection against tuberculosis (TB) in South Africa. This study was in turn nested in a large TB vaccine efficacy trial.The aim of the study was to evaluate the quality of consent in the case control study, and to identify factors that may influence the quality (...)
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