Informatization of postmodern society is a promising path to economic, social and educational development. The informatization of education is aimed at the formation and development of the intellectual potential of the nation, the improvement of the forms and content of the educational process, the introduction of computer teaching and testing methods, allows solving problems at the highest level, taking into account world requirements. One of the important directions in the development of informatization of education in the context of a pandemic (...) is new computer technologies. Interactivity, intensification of the learning process, feedback - are the real advantages of these technologies, which necessitated their application in various fields of human activity, primarily in those related to education and professional training. Now, in a pandemic, the number of studies has noticeably increased, the subject of which was the use of information and communication technologies in the educational process. The article deals with the problem of psychological and didactic aspects of the introduction of information communication technologies in the process of teaching students of higher educational institutions. An analysis of the problems and prospects of using information communication technologies in higher educational institutions was carried out, as a guarantee of building an intensive process of assimilating knowledge, skills, and abilities of students of higher educational institutions. (shrink)

The paper is devoted to such a unique phenomenon of so-called written or fixed folklore, as Ukrainian epigraphic rushnyks containing a specific verbal formula “I was embroidering the towel with a sincere hand and praying to God for fate and godsend” which were popular at the end of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century. Considering the communication of these towels according to the well-known multimodal scheme, the author states that such rushnyks with inscriptions could use all (...) five modes (spatial, visual, linguistic, aural, and gestural one), having already become not quite rushnyks in its traditional sense. On the one hand, these embroidered towels functioned as drawings or open books (locating on the wall with two hanging ends). On the other hand, they also could be gifted for the road, thus symbolizing the path, as it was typical for more traditional and older samples. Concerning modern interpretation of these towels, hybrid beliefs and identities are frequently connected with them. In addition, the article claims that rushnyks’ inscriptions, functioning simultaneously in several roles (in particular, they could be both embroidered and sung), provoke us to develop more deeply the theory of speech acts in linguistic pragmatics. (shrink)

The theory of rational choice of religion became one of the leading for scientific world, by total changing paradigm of postsecular sociology of religion. But its critics does not give to us any possibility apply it fully to non-american societies, and also analyze the impact of social factors on perception of religion personally and by collective. The problem is taking into account many other factors that also have a place in modern forms of conflict. Consideration of this theory in a (...) context of latest events in Ukraine 2013-2016 gives us possibility to look on perspectives of its implementation. A more detailed analysis shows the lack of a theory to explain the multifaceted conflict that is present in Ukraine, what means that researcher need more theoretical background to explain new phenomena. The presence of religious component in a social and political conflict creates more difficult conditions for in-depth analysis and finding root causes of primary conflict. Still theory of rational choice of religion explains part of the trends that emerged two years ago and continue to develop in the Ukrainian society. Since the first revolution and later open armed conflict led to the transition of society in another dimension, placing new challenges and tasks, but bared old problems and latent conflicts, especially in religious organizations and groups. (shrink)

This study reviews the Chinese Buddhist approach to astronomy and calendars during the first millennium CE. I demonstrate that although Indian astronomical and calendrical concepts were often translated into Chinese Buddhist literature, few of these conventions were ever actually implemented in China. I also demonstrate that the Chinese sangha relied upon secular and/or Indian astronomical materials in translation. I highlight the eighth-century monk Yixing as a unique example of a Chinese Buddhist monk who also acted as a court astronomer, but (...) I argue that despite his identity as a monk, his career as an astronomer was actually separate from his activities within Buddhism. Finally, with additional reference to Amoghavajra, I argue that Buddhism as an institution in China did not facilitate developments in astronomy or calendrical science, but rather it took a deferential attitude toward these fields. (shrink)

У статті на підставі вивчення найбільш впливових парадигм сучасної католицької теології виявлено закономірні інтерпретації феномена віри. Показано, зокрема, що католицька теологія XIX - початку XXI століть розвивала метафізичну концепцію віри як згоди розсудку із тезами догматичної теології. При цьому вся наукова й філософська раціональність редукувалась до розсудкової метафізики, а щодо віри заперечувалась можливість її інтуїтивних чи персоналістичних тлумачень. Із середини XX століття цим метафізичним положенням про раціональність та віру надавалася екзистенційна інтерпретація, особливо яскраво розвинута папою Іваном Павлом II в енцикліці (...) "Fidesetratio". Постметафізичною католицька концепція віри стає лише в межах діалогічної парадигми розуміння віри. На підставі проведеного аналізу автор доходить висновку, що, не пройшовши модернізації, домодерне метафізичне вчення католицизму про віру відразу потрапляє в горнило постметафізичного розуміння віри. (shrink)

The article considers the issue of legal discourse evolution in the context of today’s civilization informatization in the postmodern era and intercultural dialogue which determines the understanding of fundamental judicial notions relative to the consciousness of an individual as a subject of legal and economic operations, as well as an implementer of social-economic and cultural rights. Given that the Internet environment in the 21st century is characterized by hypertextual discourse, this raises the matter of differentiation between objective and axiological scientific (...) knowledge contributing to a deeper understanding of the universe. The principles of further research in different scientific fields in the context of their social and socialization role in the information society are perceived as the coevolutionary basis of the informational civilization. Also noteworthy is the functional structural analysis of terms’ extraction from the symbolization of the language system, the prospective analysis of legal terms’ functioning, the study of their formal and semantic structure, the classification of legal sublanguage terms and the adjustment, unification and standardization of the term-based system. (shrink)

У статті дається узагальнена оцінка масштабів сучасної трудової міграції населення Західної України в глобалізованому економічному просторі. Обґрунтовано передумови, причини та наслідки міжнародної трудової міграції для України. Визначено фінансові інвестиції в економіку України.

The article deals with the intellectual biography of Yuri Shevelov (1908–2002); in particular, it covers and analyzes the contacts of this Ukrainian Slavic scholar and writer with representatives of the Jewish nation in the Kharkiv period of his life. In his memoirs and essays, he repeatedly uses the expression “Ukrainian Jews”, forming an author’s unique and axiologically marked concept of “his Jews” (spiritually close Jews or “svoji jevreji” in Ukrainian in these texts). Yu. Shevelov found his “spiritually close Jews” in (...) Kharkiv in the 1910s and 1930s. He called them so because he felt their closeness as carriers of those moral principles and psychological and intellectual qualities that were important to him as a Ukrainian by his conscious choice. The aim of the article is to clarify the specifics of the phenomenon of Yu. Shevelov’s Jewish world as a specific part of his social and intellectual environment before World War II. Yu. Shevelyov’s “Jewish World” is considered a phenomenological construct reflected in the scholar’s memoirs and essays describing his relations with Jews and their role in shaping his intellectualism, critical thinking, moral principles, and worldview in general. The components of Yu. Shevelyov’s “Jewish World” are his relations with Jews in everyday life described in his memoirs and reflections on the Kharkiv performances of the Jewish theatre staged by Alexis Granovsky in Yiddish. The authors of the article emphasize that “spiritually close Jews” were an important component of Yu. Shevelov’s existential project, the implementation of which provided for the creation of modern Ukrainian culture as a basis for establishing historical justice – Ukraine’s understanding of its independent development without Russian pressure. The existential nature of cultural communication with “his Jews” is underlined by the fact that Yu. Shevelov was not a supporter of their linguistic and cultural assimilation that was consistently implemented by the governments in tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union. (shrink)

In the article the basic aspects of functioning of bank institutions are reflected with a foreign capital in the countries of Central and East Europe and in Ukraine. Basic pre-conditions and factors of creation of banks are exposed with participation of foreign capital, their roles in becoming and development of the national bankings systems, mainly in countries with a transitional economy, especially taking into account the consequences of financial crisis.

The article is devoted to the problem of coherence of the categorical apparatus of researches of the competence approach in the cultural and philosophical context. Researches of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of cultural competence are analyzed by the author. The main approaches to understanding the content and scope of the concept of “cultural competence” are presented. It is determined that the formation of a culturally competent personality is connected with the process of inculturation and socialization, that is, (...) with decoding of cultural codes and social roles that determine the content of socio-cultural existence of a person. Correlation of etymologically similar concepts of “cultural”, “general cultural”, “sociocultural”, “ethnocultural”, “intercultural” and “cross-cultural competence” is carried out. The author has established that general cultural competence, as the individual’s ability to navigate in the spiritual and cultural space of interpersonal interaction, and sociocultural competence, as the individual’s ability to organize their own life in accordance with social roles and behavioral scenarios, is varieties of cultural competence. A pattern has been established: 1) if the context of the study is a monoethnic cultural space, then the concept of “ethnocultural” and “cultural competence” is synonyms, and this does not require their differentiation; 2) if the context of the study is a multiethnic culture, then the concept of “ethnocultural” and “cultural competence” must be distinguished semantically. The communicative skills of the individual are an important aspect of the formation of cultural competence. The article argues that the realization of intercultural competence takes place in the space of communicative interaction. Cultural and intercultural competences have been identified as both coherent and relevant phenomena; and that the concepts of “cultural” and “cross-cultural competence” are concepts of different cognitive order. The relation of intercultural to cross-cultural competence is also not synonymous. Cross-cultural competence as a fact of communicative interaction is a semantic part of intercultural competence for which, in addition to communication, it is important to be aware of its causes and consequences. (shrink)

У стaтті здійснюється аналіз, виявляється сутність та специфіка одного із рaкурсів морaльної відповідaльності - відповідaльності як спрaведливості. З'ясовано, що відповідaльність, побудовaнa нa основaх спрaведливості, окреслює кордони, зa які не можнa виходити aвтономному, морaльнісному, свідомому суб'єкту; принципи повaги тa особистої гідності дозволяють індивіду ствердитися як особистості тa примусити рaхувaтися з влaсною aвтономією тa aвтономією іншого.

An interview of Amina Kkhelufi and Kseniia Myroshnyk with Tetiana Chaika, dedicated to the method of oral history of philosophy.

The article is devoted to the symbolics of doves on epigraphic embroidered towels (mainly known as rushnyks with inscriptions), which were massively produced by Ukrainian girls and women from the end of the nineteenth till the middle of the twentieth century. Embroidering lines from folk songs or proverbs on textile was a very popular kind of so-called written (or fixed) folklore. By combining these verbal texts with different images of pigeons, fundamentally new works were created. For some time, this phenomenon (...) was almost forgotten. However, in the course of recent years Ukrainian collectors and artists have been actively using old embroidered samples for souvenir products or stage decorations. Being popularized and updated in our time, the meaning of these embroidered birds has undergone significant changes. On specific examples, the author shows how one and the same image of pigeons acquires different, often even opposite senses depending on the context. (shrink)

Protestant anthropology: between secularity and postsecularity. In this article the analysis of main problems of the Protestant anthropology late XX – early XXІ centuries. It is shown that the theological discourse on the merits of the man and his life unfolded within the paradigm of secular and post-secular.

Стаття присвячена генезі та сутності християнського вчення про істину, залежності його гносеологічного аспекту від сотеріологічного. Величезна увага, яку приділяють християнські теологи питанню істини, пояснюється тим, що партикулярна гносеологічна істина в християнській свідомості корелює з істиною онтологічною, яка вічно перебуває в божественній сутності, а в особі Христа втілилася та стала цілком доступною людям.

B a c k g r o u n d. This article explores the tasks and goal of university education in Ukraine during the war. The role of the University in the field of education and public life during the russian-Ukrainian war is outlined. The educational sector is going through significant challenges along with Ukraine in the context of the military operations. Therefore, the university community is actively involved in the struggle and not only on the educational front. The article (...) is particularly addressing the following questions: what are the challenges that universities face in times of war?; how can university education continue under the circumstances of war?; what are the main tasks of university education for this period?; what are the new tasks that the University is facing today compared to the original tasks at the moment of the emergence of universities?; The article also demonstrates the transformation of university education from the time of the coronavirus pandemic to the moment of russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Met hod s. The research methodology includes general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis. Method of situational analysis is also adopted within the methodology. The article uses an analytical approach based on the study of historical and philosophical sources. R e s u l t s. It is evident that Ukrainian universities despite the circumstances of war still operate as centers of education, train highly qualified professionals, develop science, and raise a new generation of scholars. University as an institution keeps cultivating an average person into a cultured one. We mean that the University preserves and transmits to young generations the culture of the Ukrainian national spirit in times of war. C o n c l u s i o n s. The article proves that the University, in such a difficult time of war, is forming the contemporary culture of Ukraine. This contemporary culture is created by the inseparable unity of two guilds: those who teach and those who study. So we are witnessing the realization of a new, glorious history of Ukraine, and the University is actively contributing to it. After all, Ukrainians are united by belonging to a great culture, and nowadays this culture manifests itself in the greatness of the national spirit that the Ukrainian people demonstrate. (shrink)

This study has proven that the economic system is determined by various components, in particular, it includes the real sector of the economy, which is formed on mega-, macro, meso-, micro-and nano-levels. In addition, it was proved that the nano-level is determined by the activities of individuals whose economic activity begins with the birth and attitude of parents, attending various educational and upbringing institutions, and studying at university. A separate segment of the nano-level of the economic system is the baby (...) industry responsible for the production of goods and services for children and future parents. All these aspects are indicators of the development of the baby economy. Such an economic category as the baby economy was separated and defined. The study uses the following methods: analysis, synthesis, structural analysis, systemic approach, observation, comparison, multifactor regression. These methods made it possible to achieve the results, which involve isolation of the baby economy as a component of nanoeconomy and definition of such components of the baby economic segment of nanoeconomy as a family or household economy, the baby industry, the economy of the educational process and upbringing. For this purpose, the value-institutional approach was applied. In addition, multifactorial analysis of the impact of indicators of the baby economy development on the population of a country with a transitive economy with incomes below the subsistence minimum was performed. This analysis identified a direct but minor relationship between these phenomena, which demonstrates the need to intensify and create a policy for the baby economy in similar states. The theoretical significance of the obtained results is determined by the introduction of a new economic category of "the baby economy" for the formation of a nano economic component within socio-economic systems. (shrink)

The article introduces the concept of mega-essay as an integrated format into literary circulation in the era of postmodernism. Its specificity is outlined in other forms of ensemble association of essay works: mega-essay as an integrated formation is a consolidated format, it differs from other forms of essay compilations with greater completeness, more thorough basis of design. It has a closed structure, because all its structural components are interconnected. They are closely related to the author's intention, outlined in the preface (...) or introduction, concluded on the basis of causal and associative principles. Based on the analyzed works of Ortega y Gasset, O. Zabuzhko’s «Notre Dame dʼUkraine», N. Zborovska’s «My Lesia Ukrainka», etc. conclusions are made about specific features of the mega-essays, in which the phenomenon chosen for comprehension is described in detail by incorporating internal and external contexts, authoritative references, other works, and if necessary, with the dominance of the essayistic method of presentation of opinions, related to the personal views of the author. Emphasis is placed on the affinity of ideas and selected essay formats of Ortega y Gasset and O. Zabuzhko, given their content and structural organization. Conclusions are made about the role and significance of essays of this format in postmodern European literature. (shrink)

In the last decade, a number of studies in the behavioural sciences, particularly in psychology and economics, have explored the complexity of individual risk behaviour and its underlying factors. Most previous studies have examined the influences of various socio-economic, cognitive, biological and psychological factors on human decision-making however, the relationship between the decision-makers’ risk preferences and occupational background has not received much empirical attention. Accordingly, in the current study, we investigated how occupational background, together with decision-making framing (e.g., variations in (...) decision domain, context, presentation of risk and utility ratios), influence participants’ risk preferences for decision options with equivalent expected utility. Our novel findings indicate that risk preferences may vary among individuals from different occupational backgrounds. As such, when the task was framed in gain terms, participants who mostly deal with health/safety-related risks on a day-to-day basis (high-risk occupations) were predominantly risk-averse (avoiding risky options), while participants who mostly deal with financial/social risks (white-collar occupations) were prone to risk-seeking behaviour (avoiding certain options). Specifically, in “high-risk” occupations, participants’ pattern of choices changed from risk-averse in gain scenarios to risk-seeking in loss scenarios. However, the opposite pattern of risk preferences was found in participants with “white-collar” occupations. Our findings indicate that decision-makers’ occupational backgrounds influence risk preferences under some circumstances. (shrink)

The importance of the topic of the article lies in the need to explain the cognitive aspects of the strategic management system under uncertainty. The purpose of the article is the need to study and substantiate the importance of cognitive aspects of the system of strategic management in conditions of uncertainty; a comparative analysis of different approaches to strategies in conditions of uncertainty, identifying their features and differences from the provisions of the classical strategic management; to classify the angles of (...) the system of strategic management in conditions of uncertainty, comparing different approaches; to characterize cognitive concepts of fast strategies in conditions of uncertainty. The article analyzes the importance of cognitive aspects of the strategic management system in conditions of uncertainty; a comparative analysis of different approaches to strategies in conditions of uncertainty is made, their features and differences from the provisions of classical strategic management are revealed and analyzed; angles of strategic management system in conditions of uncertainty are classified, a comparison of different approaches is made; cognitive concepts of fast strategies in conditions of uncertainty are characterized. At the present stage there is a rather acute need to quickly study the cognitive aspects of the strategic management system under conditions of uncertainty. (shrink)

У статті простежено основні закономірні інтерпретації феномену віри в сучасній протестантській теології. Автор доходить висновку, що сучасна протестантська теологія розуміє віру неметафізично й персоналістично. Так, К. Барт під вірою розуміє новий спосіб життя особистості, той справжній спосіб існування, який екзистенціалісти відрізняли від існування звичайного. Цей спосіб життя можливий після прийняття особистістю власного засудження, усвідомленого внаслідок проповіді християнської керігми. Протестантська теологія кінця XX - початку XXІ століття розуміє віру як вірність спільноти Богові та визнання біблійного наративу. Альтернативною концепцією є розуміння віри (...) як інтуїтивного знання. (shrink)

This article analyzes experience of Ukraine-EU cooperation in crisis management and disaster risk reduction, in particular, experience of implementation of the early-warning and conflict prevention systems. Basing on above developments, the article discusses the necessity to implement a complex early warning and conflict prevention system with usage of modern Internet-based technologies of data collection.

У статті досліджуються різноманітні форми мистецького виховання майбутніх педагогів у позанавчальний час. Автор стверджує, що позааудиторна діяльність несе в собі чи не найбільший потенціал залучення студентства до мистецтва і власної творчості. Адже вона, зазвичай, здійснюється на засадах зацікавленості, ініціативи, співтворчості, добровільної участі, врахування індивідуальних потреб і талантів, її рушійною силою є інтерес. Крім того, форми позааудиторної роботи мають більш відкритий та неформальний характер спілкування, стосунків, більш динамічну реалізацію і передбачає проведення різноманітних форм. Серед них – вечори відпочинку та зустрічі з (...) діячами культури, поетами, майстрами, митцями, диспути, усні журнали, відзначення пам’ятних дат у житті кафедр, факультетів, дні відкритих дверей університету, виконання громадських доручень, волонтерська діяльність, конференції, конкурси, КВК, екскурсії, бесіди про історію та культуру власного народу та інших країн світу, робота в гуртках за інтересами, участь у художній самодіяльності тощо. Правильна організація вільного часу сприятиме всебічному розвитку молоді завдяки наближенню її до досягнень світової культури, допоможе подолати однобічність мислення та суджень, сприятиме формуванню естетичної культури через залучення майбутніх педагогів до естетичної діяльності, розвине чуттєву сферу особистості, потяг до мистецтва. (shrink)

B a c k g r o u n d. This article explores American transcendentalism as a philosophical, literary, and social movement of the 19th century that shaped a unique intellectual tradition in the United States. The central theme is the examination of the interplay between transcendentalist ideas, utopian social experiments, and individual spiritual quests. Particular attention is given to the works of R. W. Emerson, H. D. Thoreau, W. Whitman, and other key figures of the movement. The purpose of (...) the article is to highlight how the transcendentalists combined philosophical theory with the practical implementation of their ideas through social experiments and literary creativity. M e t h o d s. The analysis employs an interdisciplinary approach, integrating the method of historical-philosophical reconstruction and the hermeneutic method. The method of historical-philosophical reconstruction was used to recreate the social, cultural and intellectual context of American transcendentalism. The hermeneutic method, on the other hand, enabled the interpretation of the works of American transcendentalists, uncovering philosophical concepts related to nature, individualism, and society. Additionally, comparative analysis was utilized to examine the commonalities and differences between the utopian experiments of Brook Farm and Fruitlands and the philosophical ideas of the movement. R e s u l t s. The study revealed that transcendentalism had a profound influence on the development of American philosophy and literature. Social experiments such as Brook Farm and Fruitlands reflected aspirations to create a harmonious society but also highlighted the tensions between ideals and reality. The analysis of H. D. Thoreau's philosophical experiment at Walden Pond emphasized the potential for self-sufficient living in alignment with the principles of individualism and unity with nature. W. Whitman's works demonstrated innovative ways of expressing transcendentalist ideas through poetic imagery of harmony between humanity and the Universe. C o n c l u s i o n s. While transcendentalism had internal contradictions, it left a lasting impact on the intellectual history of the United States. Its ideas of individualism, spiritual growth, and harmony with nature influenced not only its contemporaries but also subsequent generations of thinkers and writers. The social experiments of the movement illuminated the practical challenges of implementing utopian ideas while underscoring the importance of seeking new forms of societal coexistence. The article emphasizes the relevance of transcendentalist ideas in contemporary discussions of ecology, individualism, and social justice. (shrink)

Source: Author: Tetiana Tverdokhlib The main forms of teaching pedagogical disciplines in orthodox religious educational institutions of Ukraine have been characterised in the article on the basis of analyzed pedagogical literature, archival records, and documents in periodicals. The features of conducting lessons, teaching practice, examinations and organisation of making written home compositions in various types of religious educational institutions of Ukraine in the stated time period have been revealed. The essence of "rehearsals" as a form of controlling students’ learning (...) activity in the Kyiv Theological Academy has been revealed, the basic kinds of academists’ works at practical hours on pedagogy have been given; the content and quality of teachers’ work with graduates on their researches have been characterised. ]]>. (shrink)

This article focuses on the famous folklorized text De zghoda v rodyni, tam myr i tyshyna, shchaslyvi tam liudy, blazhenna storona (“When there is harmony in the family, peace and quiet are there, these people are happy and this land is blessed”), mainly on its genesis and connection with Hryhorii Skovoroda. At the first sight, its authorship is clear and easy to identify. It seems obvious that these lines come from the play Natalka Poltavka by Ivan Kotliarevskyi, who was, in (...) his turn, deeply influenced by Hryhorii Skovoroda. However, the folklorization of this verse, which is, subsequently, of great research interest, has caused numerous misattributions of the authorship. The article illustrates the folklorization of these famous lines with concrete examples of epigraphic embroideries listed on the author’s Interactive Online Index of Folklore Formulas (Epigraphic Embroidery). (shrink)

The article focuses on the role of Olena Pchilka1 and Lesia Ukrainka in epigraphic embroidery development. Undoubtedly, Olena Pchilka was an ardent proponent of folk art purity. Following from this, there is a tendency to think that she was against all novelty in Ukrainian embroidery. Many researchers and antiquity enthusiasts refer to her authority when arguing against inscriptions on textile as a phenomenon resulting largely from printed cross-stitch on paper. However, not all embroidered verbal texts have been of print origin. (...) Most of them were folkloric texts. What is more, Olena Pchilka to some extent provided her own comment on epigraphic embroidery in approving Lesia Ukrainka’s rushnyk containing the inscription “Oh, my thoughts, my thoughts, woe is with you! Love one another, brethren, love Ukraine”. In modern embroidery, embroideresses reproduce the citation with new connotations of these words, thereby continuing the epigraphic embroidery tradition. The author illustrates the folklorization of oft-cited lines from Taras Shevchenko’s poetry with examples of epigraphic embroidery from her own Interactive Index of Folklore Formulas. (shrink)

Publication date: 2 May 2019 Source: Author: Tetiana Tverdokhlib The article focuses on the pedagogical component in the content of Pastoral Theology in the Ukrainian educational institutions of the Orthodox Church, which were included in the system of religious education of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the nineteenth century – at the end of the 1860's. Basing on the studied works “On Positions of Parish Presbyters” by the bishop of the Smolensk Parfenii and the Archbishop of Mogilev, (...) Georgii, “Letters on Positions of Sacred Rank” by Olexandr Sturdza, “Pastoral Theology” by Archimandrite Anthonii, as well as programs, lecture notes and lecture reviews of lecturers of theological seminaries and the Kiev Theological Academy it has been established that much attention at classes on Pastoral Theology was paid to the preparation of future priests for the religious and moral upbringing of parishioners. The main forms and methods of teaching Pastoral Theology have been presented on the basis of the analysis of archival materials, historical, pedagogical literature. Attention is drawn to the widespread dissemination in the seminaries of rote learning and text dictating, despite the prohibition of such methods by the 1814 Statute. The quality of teaching and staffing of this subject in the secondary and higher Ukrainian educational institutions of the Orthodox Church in the period under research. It has been proved that Pastoral Theology in seminaries was on an equal footing with other branches of theology: teachers understood its great importance for future presbyters and paid much attention to the subject as distinct from the Kiev Theological Academy. (shrink)

The problem of man is one of the "eternal" problems of philosophy. Repeatedly exercising "Anthropological turn", philosophy raises the question of the essence of man almost throughout its history and, according to a new era, is trying to give it exhaustive answer. Summarizing a number of concepts, let's note that they are related awareness of the incompleteness of any definition. Man is both simple and extraordinary mysterious creature on planet earth. Being one of the natural creatures, an integral part nature, (...) it is due to the mind rising above it and creates a "second nature", which, over time, becomes a priority environment of its existence. (shrink)

An interview of Amina Kkhelufi and Kseniia Myroshnyk with Tetiana Chaika, dedicated to the formation of the idea of an oral history of philosophy.

Стаття розкриває питання інформаційної війни, яку проводили США та Велика Британія по відношенню до Німеччини. Зазначається, що для ведення інформаційної діяльності були створені спеціальні державні органи, які виконували різноманітні функції щодо забезпечення пропагандистської діяльності за кордоном. Акцентується на двох найбільш розповсюджених методах ведення інформаційної війни - використанні радіоефіру та поширенні листівок серед військових та місцевого населення.

У статті розглянуто процеси віртуалізації взаємовідносин споживача та виробника в глобальній економіці. Доведено, що збільшення доступу користувачів до мережі Інтернет вплинуло на формування значного за обсягами сегмента електронної комерції. Систематизовано підходи до визначення моделей е-комерції з виокремленням сегмента мобільної комерції як такої, що має найбільший потенціал до швидкого росту. Досліджено специфіку онлайн-поведінки споживачів України та їхній вплив на формування й розвиток національного ринку е-комерції.

This article examines the attributes of the existence and the transformation of values in transitional society (eclecticism). Also the possibilities and limits of the relativistic application of the concepts of revolution and evolution in defining the processes of transformation of values in a transitional society are discussed.

У статті досліджується екосеміотика (термін запропонований Вілфрідом Нотом) – міждисциплінарна галузь, що має на меті: 1) поглибити розуміння особливостей взаємодії між людиною і довкіллям, культурою і природою на основі застосування семіотичного підходу; 2) розширення пізнавальних можливостей людини у природнознавчій і культурознавчій сферах за допомогою семіотичного інструментарію. Відзначається, що екосеміотика безпосередньо пов’язана з біосеміотикою, семіотикою культури (культурною семіотикою), а також з екологічною (інвайронментальною) філософією. Вона спирається на принцип неперервності (спадкоємності) у розвитку природи та розуму (свідомості) (Ч. Пірс), уявлення про внутрішній зв'язок (...) між живими (природними) та семіотичними процесами (Дж. Хофмейер), голістичний (системний) погляд на семіосферу (Ю. Лотман). Екосеміотика розглядає взаємодію культури і природи як двосторонній процес, в якому природа визначає культуру так само, як і культура у різний спосіб окреслює природу. Зауважується, що для екосеміотики як порівняно нового дослідницького напряму не вироблено єдиного методологічного базису та бачення досліджуваного ним кола проблем, що цілком релевантно ситуації в семіотиці загалом. Автор доходить висновку, що на тлі постійного зростання досліджень, які позиціонують себе як екосеміотичні, цей напрям потребує відповідних методологічних рефлексій і оцінок. (shrink)

Зменшення кількості відходів та їх негативних впливів на довкілля і якість життя людини належить до глобальних екологічних викликів сучасності, які потребують комплексної відповіді. Aналізуються підходи до розв’язання проблеми поводження з відходами на локальному рівні. Поводження з відходами визначається як науково-політична проблема, оскільки успіх рішення залежить як від наукового обґрунтування, експертизи, рекомендацій, так і від розуміння цих рекомендацій політиками та суспільством загалом. Складність розв’язання науково-політичних проблем характеризується зростанням невизначеності, ціннісним навантаженням, високими ставкою (ціною), ризиками та терміновістю рішень (Ravetz). Показана продуктивність залучення (...) місцевих цінностей (теорія локалізації), менеджменту спільного (Остром) та інтерпретації феномена NIMBY для формування підходів до вироблення управлінських і комунікативних стратегій у сфері поводження з відходами на локальному рівні. Масштабні руйнівні наслідки нинішньої російської агресії в Україні додали нових аспектів до проблеми поводження з відходами і значною мірою ускладнили реалізацію попередніх планів, вимагаючи ефективних нестандартних рішень. (shrink)

У статті проаналізовано праці сучасних українських істориків, присвячені дослідженню становища й розвитку історичної науки в західних областях УРСР у другій половині ХХ ст., стану розробки питань історії суспільно-політичних процесів на українських землях науковцями зазначеного періоду. Показано особливості розвитку теми, узагальнено критичні оцінки вітчизняних учених. Автор указала на перспективні напрями подальшого наукового вивчення історичних праць учених західних областей УРСР, наукових досягнень українських істориків другої половини 1940-х - кінця 1980-х рр. XX століття.

The article explores biblical sources of ethics principles of business. It demonstrates that in the contemporary pluralistic world, principles of biblical business ethics can be valuable in the communication and interaction among representatives of different countries and cultures, as they encompass fundamental foundations for building business relationships. Due to the influence of Christian morality on the culture of many nations, biblical values have the potential to significantly impact individuals and their economic behavior, contributing to the dissemination of important economic categories (...) in society. The study reveals that important anthropological foundations for fruitful economic relations have been formed within the framework of biblical theocentrism, including considerations of human dignity, honesty, diligence, responsibility, and charity. The biblical perspective on property as a temporary stewardship has significant implications for awareness and education about responsibility not only towards other people but also towards the environment, holding crucial relevance in the context of corporate social responsibility in the modern world. (shrink)