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Teresa Baron [20]Teresa R. Baron [1]T. Baron [1]
  1.  96
    Two dilemmas for medical ethics in the treatment of gender dysphoria in youth.Teresa Baron & Geoffrey Dierckxsens - 2022 - Journal of Medical Ethics 48 (9):603-607.
    Both the diagnosis and medical treatment of gender dysphoria —particularly in children and adolescents—have been the subject of significant controversy in recent years. In this paper, we outline the means by which GD is diagnosed in children and adolescents, the currently available treatment options, and the bioethical issues these currently raise. In particular, we argue that the families and healthcare providers of children presenting with GD currently face two main ethical dilemmas in decision making regarding treatment: the pathway dilemma and (...)
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  2.  82
    Nobody Puts Baby in the Container: The Foetal Container Model at Work in Medicine and Commercial Surrogacy.Teresa Baron - 2019 - Journal of Applied Philosophy 36 (3):491-505.
    This article argues that a particular metaphysical model permeates cultural practices surrounding pregnancy: the foetal container model. Widespread uncritical reliance on this view of pregnancy has been highly detrimental to women's liberty and reproductive autonomy. In this article, I extend existing critiques of the medical treatment of pregnant women to the context of the burgeoning commercial surrogacy industry. In doing so, I aim to show that our philosophical analysis in both spheres is constrained by the presupposition that the foetus and (...)
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  3.  57
    Phenomenological Interview and Gender Dysphoria: A Third Pathway for Diagnosis and Treatment.Geoffrey Dierckxsens & Teresa R. Baron - 2024 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 49 (1):28-42.
    Gender dysphoria (GD) is marked by an incongruence between a person’s biological sex at birth, and their felt gender (or gender identity). There is continuing debate regarding the benefits and drawbacks of physiological treatment of GD in children, a pathway, beginning with endocrine treatment to suppress puberty. Currently, the main alternative to physiological treatment consists of the so-called “wait-and-see” approach, which often includes counseling or other psychotherapeutic treatment. In this paper, we argue in favor of a “third pathway” for the (...)
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  4.  34
    Double‐donor surrogacy and the intention to parent.Teresa Baron - 2024 - Bioethics 38 (7):609-615.
    Assisted reproduction often involves biological contributions by third parties such as egg/sperm donors, mitochondrial DNA donors, and surrogate mothers. However, these arrangements are also characterised by a biological relationship between the child and at least one intending parent. For example, one or both intending parents might use their own eggs/sperm in surrogacy, or an intending mother might conceive using donor sperm or gestate a donor embryo. What happens when this relationship is absent, as in the case of 'double‐donor surrogacy' arrangements (...)
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  5.  26
    Surrogacy and Adoption: An Empirical Investigation of Public Moral Attitudes.T. Baron, E. Svingen & R. Leyva - 2024 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 21 (4):671-681.
    Surrogacy and adoption are both family-making measures subject to extensive domestic and international regulation. In this nationally representative survey study (N = 1552), we explore public attitudes to various forms of surrogacy and adoption in the United Kingdom, in response to an early proposal to allow “double donor” surrogacy as part of the ongoing legal reform project. We sought to both gauge public moral support for adoption and surrogacy generally, the effect that prospective parents’ fertility had on this support, and (...)
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  6.  3
    Acknowledging the dual-interest gestationalist approach.Teresa Baron - 2025 - Journal of Medical Ethics 51 (2):96-97.
    Lange argues that the gestationalist approach to moral parenthood fails due to its implausible reliance on a ‘valuable intimate personal relationship between newborn and gestational procreator’ at birth.1 However, his dismissal of the moral significance of the maternal–fetal connection depends largely on inappropriate analogies to other forms of relationship. Further, Lange targets a very specific framing of the gestationalist view, overlooking the significance that many gestationalist accounts grant to maternal interests and experiences. Finally—perhaps due to this asymmetric focus—the version of (...)
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  7.  5
    Pregnancy, pain and pathology: a reply to Smajdor and Räsänen.Teresa Baron - 2024 - Journal of Medical Ethics 51 (1):48-49.
    In their recent paper ‘Is pregnancy a disease?’, Anna Smajdor and Joona Räsänen argue in the affirmative, highlighting features shared by both pregnancy and paradigmatic diseases. In particular, they point to the harmful symptoms and side effects of pregnancy, and the provision of medical treatment to both pregnant patients and those aiming to avoid pregnancy. They consider both subjectivist and objectivist approaches taken by philosophers of health in defining disease, and point out that neither approach convincingly excludes pregnancy. Finally, they (...)
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  8.  45
    Moving forwards: A problem for full ectogenesis.Teresa Baron - 2021 - Bioethics 35 (5):407-413.
    ABSTRACT Most existing literature on the ethics of full ectogenesis has proceeded under the presupposition that science will at some point produce sophisticated technologies for full‐term gestation (from embryo to infant) outside the human womb, delivering neonate health outcomes comparable with (or even superior to) biological gestation. However, the development of this technology—as opposed to the support systems currently being advanced—would require human subject experiments in embryo‐onwards development using ectogenic prototypes. Literature on ectogenic research ethics has so far focused on (...)
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  9.  11
    Parenting and the Goods of Childhood.Teresa Baron - 2025 - Philosophical Review 134 (1):92-96.
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  10.  51
    Gestationalism and the Rights of Adolescent Mothers.Teresa Baron - 2020 - Moral Philosophy and Politics 7 (2):239-254.
    In this paper, I explore the ways in which consideration of adolescent parents forces us to confront and question common presuppositions about parental rights. In particular, I argue that recognising the right of adolescent mothers not to be forcibly separated from their newborn children justifies rejecting the notion that parental rights are all acquired in the same manner and acquired as a ‘bundle’ of concomitant moral rights. I conclude that children and adolescents who conceive and give birth have some parental (...)
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  11.  35
    Surrogacy and the Fiction of Medical Necessity.Teresa Baron - 2024 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 33 (1):40-47.
    A number of countries and states prohibit surrogacy except in cases of “medical necessity” or for those with specific medical conditions. Healthcare providers in some countries have similar policies restricting the provision of clinical assistance in surrogacy. This paper argues that surrogacy is never medically necessary in any ordinary understanding of this term. The author aims to show first that surrogacy per se is a socio-legal intervention and not a medical one and, second, that the intervention in question does not (...)
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  12.  11
    Begetting: What Does it Mean to Create a Child?, by Mara van der Lugt.Teresa Baron - 2024 - Teaching Philosophy 47 (3):433-436.
  13.  22
    Why-UD? Assessing the requirement to trial an intrauterine device as a condition for elective sterilisation in female patients.Teresa Baron - 2024 - Journal of Medical Ethics 50 (10):708-711.
    Some National Health Service healthcare boards in the UK will approve a request for female sterilisation only if the patient first accepts a trial period of 1 year with an intrauterine device (IUD), a form of long-acting reversible contraception. In this article, I argue that this requirement is not justified by appeal to any of (or any combination of) promotion of informed consent, paternalistic concerns regarding patient regret in later life and health service budgetary considerations. Informed consent and patient autonomy (...)
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  14.  47
    Defending two dilemmas.Teresa Baron & Geoffrey Dierckxsens - 2022 - Journal of Medical Ethics 48 (9):639-640.
    Ashley’s response to our recent paper argues that a fuller appreciation of the available clinical data, of the rights of children to autonomy, and of the primary purpose of gender-affirming endocrine treatment supports the rejection of both the pathway and consent dilemmas for the treatment of gender dysphoria, as raised in this journal. In this response, we highlight certain misrepresentations of our argument, and defend our conclusions against Ashley’s main objections.
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  15.  39
    A lost cause? Fundamental problems for causal theories of parenthood.Teresa Baron - 2020 - Bioethics 34 (7):664-670.
    In this paper, I offer a critique of (actual and possible) causal theories of parenthood. I do not offer a competing account of who incurs parental obligations and why; rather, I aim to show that there are fundamental problems for any account of who acquires parental obligations and why by appeal to causal responsibility for a child’s existence. I outline and justify three criteria that any plausible causal account of parental obligation must meet, and demonstrate that attempting to fulfil all (...)
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  16. COVID-19, Care Ethics, and Vulnerability.Teresa Baron - 2022 - In G. Schweiger, The Global and Social Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Springer Nature.
    The economic crash of 2008 demonstrated the fragility of financial systems throughout the world; COVID-19, as the first pandemic in over a century to wreak global havoc, has demonstrated the fragility of healthcare systems. At the time of writing, the virus has been with us for a little over a year, and concerted vaccination efforts have begun. At the same time, several variants (some significantly more infectious than others) of SARS-CoV2, the virus that causes COVID-19, have emerged in different countries, (...)
     
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  17.  2
    Justice for Thwarted Fathers? Problems for Retrospective Parental Rights Claims.Teresa Baron - forthcoming - Moral Philosophy and Politics.
    This paper examines the legitimacy of retrospective parental rights-claims through the lens of so-called ‘thwarted father’ cases: men who are unaware of their progeny’s existence until the window for establishing legal parentage (and associated rights) has passed. In some famous cases of thwarted fathers, courts have found that an injustice has been done which must be rectified by awarding retrospective parental rights and custody to those men, even when their genetic child has already lived for some extended period with their (...)
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  18.  7
    Philosophy of the family: ethics, identity and responsibility.Teresa Baron - 2024 - New York: Bloomsbury Academic. Edited by Christopher Cowley.
    Discusses the ethics of family from a philosophical and practical perspective, engaging law, psychology, and sociology.
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  19. The Ethics of Parenthood.Teresa Baron - 2022 - In Ezio Di Nucci, Ji-Young Lee & Isaac A. Wagner, The Rowman & Littlefield Handbook of Bioethics. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
     
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  20.  23
    The philosopher's guide to parenthood: storks, surrogates, and stereotypes.Teresa Baron - 2023 - New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press.
    Our understanding of what it means to be a parent is shaped by our biological, social, legal, and moral concepts of parenthood. This book combines traditional philosophical methods with research in the broader social sciences and humanities to explore the dilemmas which challenge our understanding of parenthood today.
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  21.  17
    Ruth E. Groenhout, Care Ethics and Social Structures in Medicine. [REVIEW]Teresa Baron - 2021 - Journal of Moral Philosophy 18 (6):663-665.
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  22.  22
    Stem Cells: A Very Short Introduction, 2nd edition. By Jonathan Slack. [REVIEW]Teresa Baron - 2022 - Teaching Philosophy 45 (3):368-371.