Results for 'Sebastian Braun'

982 found
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  1.  33
    The classification of preordered spaces in terms of monotones: complexity and optimization.Sebastian Gottwald, Daniel A. Braun & Pedro Hack - 2022 - Theory and Decision 94 (4):693-720.
    The study of complexity and optimization in decision theory involves both partial and complete characterizations of preferences over decision spaces in terms of real-valued monotones. With this motivation, and following the recent introduction of new classes of monotones, like injective monotones or strict monotone multi-utilities, we present the classification of preordered spaces in terms of both the existence and cardinality of real-valued monotones and the cardinality of the quotient space. In particular, we take advantage of a characterization of real-valued monotones (...)
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  2.  88
    A Personalized Patient Preference Predictor for Substituted Judgments in Healthcare: Technically Feasible and Ethically Desirable.Brian D. Earp, Sebastian Porsdam Mann, Jemima Allen, Sabine Salloch, Vynn Suren, Karin Jongsma, Matthias Braun, Dominic Wilkinson, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, Annette Rid, David Wendler & Julian Savulescu - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (7):13-26.
    When making substituted judgments for incapacitated patients, surrogates often struggle to guess what the patient would want if they had capacity. Surrogates may also agonize over having the (sole) responsibility of making such a determination. To address such concerns, a Patient Preference Predictor (PPP) has been proposed that would use an algorithm to infer the treatment preferences of individual patients from population-level data about the known preferences of people with similar demographic characteristics. However, critics have suggested that even if such (...)
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  3.  46
    Representing preorders with injective monotones.Pedro Hack, Daniel A. Braun & Sebastian Gottwald - 2022 - Theory and Decision 93 (4):663-690.
    We introduce a new class of real-valued monotones in preordered spaces, injective monotones. We show that the class of preorders for which they exist lies in between the class of preorders with strict monotones and preorders with countable multi-utilities, improving upon the known classification of preordered spaces through real-valued monotones. We extend several well-known results for strict monotones (Richter–Peleg functions) to injective monotones, we provide a construction of injective monotones from countable multi-utilities, and relate injective monotones to classic results concerning (...)
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  4.  32
    Anchoring as a Structural Bias of Deliberation.Soroush Rafiee Rad, Sebastian Till Braun & Olivier Roy - unknown
    We study the anchoring effect in a computational model of group deliberation on preference rankings. Anchoring is a form of path-dependence through which the opinions of those who speak early have a stronger influence on the outcome of deliberation than the opinions of those who speak later. We show that anchoring can occur even among fully rational agents. We then compare the respective effects of anchoring and three other determinants of the deliberative outcome: the relative weight or social influence of (...)
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  5.  21
    Umbau des Sozialstaats und organisierter Sport / Reconstruction of the Welfare State and Sport Organizations.Sebastian Braun - 2006 - Sport Und Gesellschaft 3 (1):124-129.
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  6.  11
    Ideal Fairness in Sport is Impossible.Thomas S. Petersen, Sebastian J. Holmen & Jesper Ryberg - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (11):48-49.
    Jennings and Braun (2024) argue convincingly for the conclusion that the World Athletics (WA) definition of fairness in sport is applied inconsistently in its efforts to regulate the participation...
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  7.  92
    Bias and Epistemic Injustice in Conversational AI.Sebastian Laacke - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (5):46-48.
    According to Russell and Norvig’s (2009) classification, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the field that aims at building systems which either think rationally, act rationally, think like humans, or...
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  8.  53
    Zombies in the Loop? Humans Trust Untrustworthy AI-Advisors for Ethical Decisions.Sebastian Krügel, Andreas Ostermaier & Matthias Uhl - 2022 - Philosophy and Technology 35 (1):1-37.
    Departing from the claim that AI needs to be trustworthy, we find that ethical advice from an AI-powered algorithm is trusted even when its users know nothing about its training data and when they learn information about it that warrants distrust. We conducted online experiments where the subjects took the role of decision-makers who received advice from an algorithm on how to deal with an ethical dilemma. We manipulated the information about the algorithm and studied its influence. Our findings suggest (...)
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  9.  88
    Data sovereignty: A review.Peter Dabrock, Max Tretter, Matthias Braun & Patrik Hummel - 2021 - Big Data and Society 8 (1).
    New data-driven technologies yield benefits and potentials, but also confront different agents and stakeholders with challenges in retaining control over their data. Our goal in this study is to arrive at a clear picture of what is meant by data sovereignty in such problem settings. To this end, we review 341 publications and analyze the frequency of different notions such as data sovereignty, digital sovereignty, and cyber sovereignty. We go on to map agents they concern, in which context they appear, (...)
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  10.  31
    The Neo-Kantian Reader.Sebastian Luft (ed.) - 2014 - New York: Routledge.
    The latter half of the nineteenth and the early part of the twentieth century witnessed a remarkable resurgence of interest in Kant’s philosophy in Continental Europe, the effects of which are still being felt today. _The Neo-Kantian Reader_ is the first anthology to collect the most important primary sources in Neo-Kantian philosophy, with many being published here in English for the first time. It includes extracts on a rich and diverse number of subjects, including logic, epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of science, (...)
  11. A Review on the Relationship Between Sound and Movement in Sports and Rehabilitation.Nina Schaffert, Thenille Braun Janzen, Klaus Mattes & Michael H. Thaut - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  12.  14
    (1 other version)Beyond Suppressing Testosterone: A Categorical System to Achieve a “Level Playing Field” in Sport.Katerina Jennings & Esther Braun - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (11):4-17.
    Regulations implemented by World Athletics (WA) require female athletes with differences of sexual development to suppress their blood testosterone levels in order to participate in certain women’s sporting competitions. These regulations have been justified by reference to fairness. In this paper, we reconstruct WA’s understanding of fairness, which requires a “level playing field” where no athlete should have a significant performance advantage based on factors other than talent, dedication, and hard work over an average athlete in their category. We demonstrate (...)
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  13.  41
    Cognitive Effects of Masculine Generics in German: An Overview of Empirical Findings.Dagmar Stahlberg, Sabine Sczesny & Friederike Braun - 2005 - Communications 30 (1):1-21.
    This article presents a series of experiments which were conducted among native speakers of German to determine the influence of different types of German generics on the cognitive inclusion of women. Results indicate that the inclusion of women is higher with ‘non-sexist’ alternatives than with masculine generics, a tendency which was consistent across different studies. The different alternatives, however, showed different effects which also varied depending on the context. These results are discussed with regard to their practical consequences in situations (...)
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  14.  43
    Consistent (but not variable) names as invitations to form object categories: new evidence from 12-month-old infants.Sandra R. Waxman & Irena Braun - 2005 - Cognition 95 (3):B59-B68.
  15.  40
    Why Personalized Large Language Models Fail to Do What Ethics is All About.Sebastian Laacke & Charlotte Gauckler - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (10):60-63.
    Porsdam Mann and colleagues provide an overview of opportunities and risks associated with the use of personalized large language models (LLMs) for text production in bio)ethics (Porsdam Mann et al...
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  16.  37
    Surveillance, Governmentality and moving the goalposts: The influence of Ofsted on the work of schools in a post-panoptic era.Jane Perryman, Meg Maguire, Annette Braun & Stephen Ball - 2018 - British Journal of Educational Studies 66 (2):145-163.
  17.  62
    Space And Narrative—Enrique Dussel And Paul Ricoeur.Sebastian Purcell - 2010 - Philosophy Today 54 (3):289-298.
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  18.  36
    Verbal Semantics Drives Early Anticipatory Eye Movements during the Comprehension of Verb-Initial Sentences.Sebastian Sauppe - 2016 - Frontiers in Psychology 7.
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  19.  88
    Hermeneutics and Truth: From Alētheia to Attestation.Sebastian Purcell - 2013 - Études Ricoeuriennes / Ricoeur Studies 4 (1):140-158.
    This essay aims to correct a prevalent misconception about Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutics, which understands it to support a conception of human understanding as finite as Heidegger did, but in a more “conceptuallyconservative” way. The result is that Ricoeur’s work is viewed as incapable of addressing the most pressingproblems in contemporary Continental metaphysics. In response, it is argued that Ricoeur is in fact the firstto develop an infinite hermeneutics, which departs significantly from Heideggerian finitude. This positionis demonstrated by tracing the itinerary (...)
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  20.  33
    Entscheiden und Handeln am Krankenbett. Eine Online-Simulation im Blended-Learning-Format.Sebastian Kuhn, Stefan Schulz & Susanne Michl - 2022 - Ethik in der Medizin 34 (3):407-412.
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  21.  67
    (Un)knowability and knowledge iteration.Sebastian Liu - 2020 - Analysis 80 (3):474-486.
    The KK principle states that knowing entails knowing that one knows. This historically popular principle has fallen out of favour among many contemporary philosophers in light of putative counterexamples. Recently, some have defended more palatable versions of KK by weakening the principle. These revisions remain faithful to their predecessor in spirit while escaping crucial objections. This paper examines the prospects of such a strategy. It is argued that revisions of the original principle can be captured by a generalized knowledge iteration (...)
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  22.  58
    Cognitive Enhancement in Healthy Children Will Not Close the Achievement Gap in Education.Sebastian Sattler & Ilina Singh - 2016 - American Journal of Bioethics 16 (6):39-41.
  23.  38
    Natural Goodness and the Normativity Challenge: Happiness Across Cultures.Sebastian Purcell - 2013 - Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association 87:183-194.
    The present essay aims to respond to one of the most recent empirical challenges posed to an Aristotelian based virtue ethics. In the course of the debate concerning the existence of character traits a second and more recent challenge has emerged, which Jesse Prinz has called The Normativity Challenge. The argument in this case is that the empirical study of happiness undertaken by psychologists, sociologists and anthropologists, reveals that the end which virtues are supposed to support, namely happiness, is so (...)
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  24.  20
    Word Order and Voice Influence the Timing of Verb Planning in German Sentence Production.Sebastian Sauppe - 2017 - Frontiers in Psychology 8.
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  25.  18
    The Ethics of Medical Data Donation.Peter Dabrock, Matthias Braun & Patrik Hummel (eds.) - 2019 - Springer Verlag.
    This open access book presents an ethical approach to utilizing personal medical data. It features essays that combine academic argument with practical application of ethical principles. The contributors are experts in ethics and law. They address the challenges in the re-use of medical data of the deceased on a voluntary basis. This pioneering study looks at the many factors involved when individuals and organizations wish to share information for research, policy-making, and humanitarian purposes. Today, it is easy to donate blood (...)
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  26.  33
    Recognition and Exteriority: Towards a Recognition-Theoretic Account of Globalization.Sebastian Purcell - 2011 - Études Ricoeuriennes / Ricoeur Studies 2 (1):51-69.
    This essay aims to extend Paul Ricœur’s account of recognition to address some of the concerns of globalization, especially those voiced by Enrique Dussel. The extension is accomplished in two parts. First, Dussel’s account of spatial existence as dwelling is reviewed as it is pertinent to the concerns of globalization. Next, it is demonstrated that each of the aspects of Ricœur’s account of recognition may be given a spatial re-articulation. The results thus establish an outline of how recognition theory might (...)
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  27.  14
    Beyond Speaking Truth? Institutional Responses to Uncertainty in Scientific Governance.Cordula Kropp & Kathrin Braun - 2010 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 35 (6):771-782.
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  28. Languages of ineffability. The rediscovery of apophaticism in contemporary analytic philosophy of religion.Sebastian Gäb - 2020 - In Sebastian Hüsch (ed.), Negative Knowledge. Tübingen: Narr Francke. pp. 191-206.
    I present and discuss recent work in analytic philosophy of religion on apophaticism and divine ineffability. I focus on three questions: how can we call God ineffable without contradicting ourselves? How can we refer to an ineffable God? What is the point of talking about an ineffable God?
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  29.  97
    Dialectics of mindfulness: implications for western medicine.Sebastian Sauer, Siobhan Lynch, Harald Walach & Niko Kohls - 2011 - Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 6:1-7.
    Mindfulness as a clinical and nonclinical intervention for a variety of symptoms has recently received a substantial amount of interest. Although the application of mindfulness appears straightforward and its effectiveness is well supported, the concept may easily be misunderstood. This misunderstanding may severely limit the benefit of mindfulness-based interventions. It is therefore necessary to understand that the characteristics of mindfulness are based on a set of seemingly paradoxical structures. This article discusses the underlying paradox by disentangling it into five dialectical (...)
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  30.  50
    Increased Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Decreased Zygomaticus Activation in Response to Disliked Smiles Suggest Top-Down Inhibition of Facial Mimicry.Sebastian Korb, Robin Goldman, Richard J. Davidson & Paula M. Niedenthal - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  31.  43
    Bedeutung und Implikationen epistemischer Ungerechtigkeit.Sebastian Schleidgen, Orsolya Friedrich & Andreas Wolkenstein (eds.) - 2023 - Tectum – ein Verlag in der Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft.
    For almost two decades, the concept of epistemic injustice has been a point of reference to discuss the extent to which persons can be disadvantaged in their role as knowers and what morally relevant consequences might follow from such violations. This volume brings together contributions that have significantly shaped debates about the concept of epistemic injustice and its meaning, as well as recent contributions on its implications and possible consequences of situations of epistemic injustice. With contributions by David Coady | (...)
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  32.  27
    Reading is for girls!? The negative impact of preschool teachers' traditional gender role attitudes on boys' reading related motivation and skills.Ilka Wolter, Edith Braun & Bettina Hannover - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6.
  33.  29
    Defiant conformists: gender and resistance against genocide.Kiran Stallone & Robert Braun - 2023 - Theory and Society 52 (6):965-993.
    This article argues that college-educated women play a crucial part in successful resistance against genocide because they are more likely to forge secure interregional networks and, consequently, better able to shelter victims of mass-persecution than their male peers. We develop our argument through a study of Jewish rescue networks in the Netherlands during the Holocaust. College-educated women were especially valuable during rescue efforts due to their ability to operate as defiant conformists. These women – a small minority who were anything (...)
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  34.  56
    Implicit and explicit emotional behavior and mindfulness.Sebastian Sauer, Harald Walach, Stefan Schmidt, Thilo Hinterberger, Majella Horan & Niko Kohls - 2011 - Consciousness and Cognition 20 (4):1558-1569.
    The objective of this study was to examine whether the “step back and watch” attitude of mindfulness manifests in less emotional behavior. We hypothesized that the “acceptance” facet of mindfulness, but not the “presence” facet, is negatively associated with the magnitude of emotional behavior in four tests, i.e., rating of words, rating of aversive and neutral pictures, and evaluative conditioning . Additionally, we hypothesized that the acceptance facet is associated with increased reaction time in an emotional Stroop test, and that (...)
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  35.  13
    Urban Wiesing (2004) Wer heilt, hat Recht? ber Pragmatik und Pluralit t in der Medizin.Frankfurt Barbara Wolf-Braun - 2007 - Ethik in der Medizin 19 (1):57-59.
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  36.  17
    Namensregister.Sebastian Bender - 2016 - In Leibniz’ Metaphysik der Modalität. Berlin & Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 273-274.
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  37.  30
    Motives of espionage against ones own country in the light of idiographic studies.Sebastian Michalak - 2011 - Polish Psychological Bulletin 42 (1):1-4.
    Motives of espionage against ones own country in the light of idiographic studies The money is perceived as the common denominator among people who have spied against their own country. This assumption is common sense and appears to be self-evident truth. But do we have any hard evidences to prove the validity of such a statement? What method could be applied to determine it? This article is a review of the motives behind one's resorting to spying activity which is a (...)
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  38.  12
    Die Grundlagen der europäischen Migrationspolitik.Sebastian Müller - 2006 - Jahrbuch Menschenrechte 2007 (jg):251-259.
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  39. Los cuatro principios del liberalismo, I parte.Sebastián Pradier - 2003 - Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica 41 (104):97-110.
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  40.  30
    A Companion to Ricœur’s Freedom and Nature, Ed. Scott Davidson, New York, Lexington Press, 2018.Sebastian Purcell - 2018 - Études Ricoeuriennes / Ricoeur Studies 9 (1):108-114.
    Review of A Companion to Ricœur’s Freedom and Nature, Ed. Scott Davidson, New York, Lexington Press, 2018.
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  41.  41
    Guest Editors' Introduction.Sebastian Purcell & Sarah E. Vitale - 2018 - Radical Philosophy Review 21 (1):1-9.
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  42.  42
    Liberation Politics as a (New) Socialist Politics.Sebastian Purcell - 2018 - Radical Philosophy Review 21 (1):53-76.
    Liberation philosophy was born from radical, socialist roots. Yet recent developments by major figures in the tradition, including Enrique Dussel, would appear to position the movement unhelpfully closer to liberalism. The present article argues that this is a misconception, and that Liberation philosophy rather suggests a new ideal for conceptions of political justice, one that also helpfully avoids a number of common objections that dog traditional socialist proposals. The work of John Rawls is used as a dialogical counter point to (...)
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  43. Marcions trotzige Ethik.Sebastian Moll - 2013 - In Friedrich Wilhelm Horn, Ulrich Volp, Ruben Zimmermann & Esther Verwold (eds.), Ethische Normen des frühen Christentums: Gut - Leben - Leib - Tugend. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck.
     
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  44.  16
    Using Social Learning Theories to Better Understand the Variation of the Moral Acceptability of Performance Enhancement Drug Use.Sebastian Sattler - 2020 - American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 11 (4):248-250.
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  45.  30
    Zootechnologies: Swarming as a Cultural Technique.Sebastian Vehlken - 2013 - Theory, Culture and Society 30 (6):110-131.
    This contribution examines the media history of swarm research and the significance of swarming techniques to current socio-technological processes. It explores how the procedures of swarm intelligence should be understood in relation to the concept of cultural techniques. This brings the concept into proximity with recent debates in posthuman (media) theory, animal studies and software studies. Swarms are conceptualized as zootechnologies that resist methods of analytical investigation. Synthetic swarms first emerged as operational collective structures by means of the reciprocal computerization (...)
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  46.  58
    Old wine in new bottles? Ethical implications of individualized medicine.Sebastian Schleidgen & Georg Marckmann - 2013 - Ethik in der Medizin 25 (3):223-231.
    Die sogenannte individualisierte Medizin (IM) ist in den letzten Jahren zu einem Schlagwort in Wissenschaft, Politik und Öffentlichkeit geworden. Wie jede technologische Neuentwicklung hat sie jedoch (potentielle) ethische Implikationen, die es zu berücksichtigen gilt, um eine angemessene Entwicklung und Anwendung individualisierter Präventions- und Therapiemaßnahmen zu ermöglichen. Allerdings steht eine ethische Bewertung der IM vor verschiedenen methodischen Herausforderungen, die sich insbesondere aus der Heterogenität des Problembereichs, begrifflicher Unklarheit sowie dem Frühstadium ihrer Entwicklung ergeben. Der vorliegende Beitrag spezifiziert zunächst den Begriff der (...)
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  47.  33
    Between Minimal and Greater Than Minimal Risk: How Research Participants and Oncologists Assess Data-Sharing and the Risk of Re-identification in Genomic Research.Sebastian Schleidgen, Alma Husedzinovic, Dominik Ose, Christoph Schickhardt, Christof von Kalle & Eva C. Winkler - 2019 - Philosophy and Technology 32 (1):39-55.
    Data-sharing among genomic researchers is promoted for its potential to accelerate our understanding of the molecular basis of cancer. However, with genomic data sharing the risks of re-identifying study participants, revealing personal genomic information and data misuse might increase. This study aims at exploring perceptions of patients and physicians in Oncology regarding their assessment of the informational risks resulting from participating in whole genomic research studies in order to improve the informed consent process. For this purpose, we conducted a qualitative (...)
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  48.  98
    Reconciling the Deprivation Account with the Final Badness of Death.Andrés G. Garcia & Berit Braun - 2024 - Journal of Value Inquiry 58 (4):615-628.
  49.  14
    Retention and meaningfulness of material.Robert M. Dowling & Harry W. Braun - 1957 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 54 (3):213.
  50.  56
    Reference, Description, and Explanation. Where Metaphysics Went Wrong?Sebastian Tomasz Kołodziejczyk - 2009 - Forum Philosophicum: International Journal for Philosophy 14 (2):175-191.
    The classical arguments against metaphysics provided by Immanuel Kant, neopositivists and recently by analytical philosophers focus on the problem of meaning. In my paper I would like to shed a little bit of light on different dimensions of this problem in the metaphysical discourse and make a proposition how to overcome the difficulties that arise from this kind of discourse.
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