Results for 'Samuel C. Seiden'

973 found
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  1.  30
    The Physician as Gatekeeper to the Use of Genetic Information in the Criminal Justice System.Samuel C. Seiden & Karine Morin - 2002 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 30 (1):88-94.
    The discovery of the molecular structure of deoxyribonucleic acid and the science of molecular biology have profoundly changed medicine’s diagnostic capability and promise to transform the therapeutic realm. When some genetic disorders are diagnosed, physicians can intervene for prevention or treatment. While the basic structure of DNA is the same for all human beings, no two individuals, other than identical twins, have the same DNA sequence. This discovery has had important repercussions in the criminal justice system, where DNA can serve (...)
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  2.  93
    The role of replication in psychological science.Samuel C. Fletcher - 2021 - European Journal for Philosophy of Science 11 (1):1-19.
    The replication or reproducibility crisis in psychological science has renewed attention to philosophical aspects of its methodology. I provide herein a new, functional account of the role of replication in a scientific discipline: to undercut the underdetermination of scientific hypotheses from data, typically by hypotheses that connect data with phenomena. These include hypotheses that concern sampling error, experimental control, and operationalization. How a scientific hypothesis could be underdetermined in one of these ways depends on a scientific discipline’s epistemic goals, theoretical (...)
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  3.  79
    The Principle of Stability.Samuel C. Fletcher - 2020 - Philosophers' Imprint 20.
    How can inferences from models to the phenomena they represent be justified when those models represent only imperfectly? Pierre Duhem considered just this problem, arguing that inferences from mathematical models of phenomena to real physical applications must also be demonstrated to be approximately correct when the assumptions of the model are only approximately true. Despite being little discussed among philosophers, this challenge was taken up by mathematicians and physicists both contemporaneous with and subsequent to Duhem, yielding a novel and rich (...)
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  4. Quantum indeterminacy and the eigenstate-eigenvalue link.Samuel C. Fletcher & David E. Taylor - 2021 - Synthese 199 (3-4):1-32.
    Can quantum theory provide examples of metaphysical indeterminacy, indeterminacy that obtains in the world itself, independently of how one represents the world in language or thought? We provide a positive answer assuming just one constraint of orthodox quantum theory: the eigenstate-eigenvalue link. Our account adds a modal condition to preclude spurious indeterminacy in the presence of superselection sectors. No other extant account of metaphysical indeterminacy in quantum theory meets these demands.
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  5.  63
    On the reduction of general relativity to Newtonian gravitation.Samuel C. Fletcher - 2019 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 68:1-15.
    Intertheoretic reduction in physics aspires to be both to be explanatory and perfectly general: it endeavors to explain why an older, simpler theory continues to be as successful as it is in terms of a newer, more sophisticated theory, and it aims to relate or otherwise account for as many features of the two theories as possible. Despite often being introduced as straightforward cases of intertheoretic reduction, candidate accounts of the reduction of general relativity to Newtonian gravitation have either been (...)
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  6. Evidence in classical statistics.Samuel C. Fletcher & Conor Mayo-Wilson - 2023 - In Maria Lasonen-Aarnio & Clayton Littlejohn, The Routledge Handbook of the Philosophy of Evidence. New York, NY: Routledge.
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  7.  60
    How (not) to measure replication.Samuel C. Fletcher - 2021 - European Journal for Philosophy of Science 11 (2):1-27.
    The replicability crisis refers to the apparent failures to replicate both important and typical positive experimental claims in psychological science and biomedicine, failures which have gained increasing attention in the past decade. In order to provide evidence that there is a replicability crisis in the first place, scientists have developed various measures of replication that help quantify or “count” whether one study replicates another. In this nontechnical essay, I critically examine five types of replication measures used in the landmark article (...)
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  8. Changing use of formal methods in philosophy: late 2000s vs. late 2010s.Samuel C. Fletcher, Joshua Knobe, Gregory Wheeler & Brian Allan Woodcock - 2021 - Synthese 199 (5-6):14555-14576.
    Traditionally, logic has been the dominant formal method within philosophy. Are logical methods still dominant today, or have the types of formal methods used in philosophy changed in recent times? To address this question, we coded a sample of philosophy papers from the late 2000s and from the late 2010s for the formal methods they used. The results indicate that the proportion of papers using logical methods remained more or less constant over that time period but the proportion of papers (...)
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  9.  37
    Similarity structure and diachronic emergence.Samuel C. Fletcher - 2020 - Synthese 198 (9):8873-8900.
    I provide a formally precise account of diachronic emergence of properties as described within scientific theories, extending a recent account of synchronic emergence using similarity structure on the theories’ models. This similarity structure approach to emergent properties unifies the synchronic and diachronic types by revealing that they only differ in how they delineate the domains of application of theories. This allows it to apply also to cases where the synchronic/diachronic distinction is unclear, such as spacetime emergence from theories of quantum (...)
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  10.  39
    An invitation to approximate symmetry, with three applications to intertheoretic relations.Samuel C. Fletcher - 2019 - Synthese 198 (5):4811-4831.
    Merely approximate symmetry is mundane enough in physics that one rarely finds any explication of it. Among philosophers it has also received scant attention compared to exact symmetries. Herein I invite further consideration of this concept that is so essential to the practice of physics and interpretation of physical theory. After motivating why it deserves such scrutiny, I propose a minimal definition of approximate symmetry—that is, one that presupposes as little structure on a physical theory to which it is applied (...)
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  11.  37
    Replication Is for Meta-Analysis.Samuel C. Fletcher - 2022 - Philosophy of Science 89 (5):960-969.
    The role or function of experimental and observational replication within empirical science has implications for how replication should be measured. Broadly, there seems to be consensus that replication’s central goal is to confirm or vouchsafe the reliability of scientific findings. I argue that if this consensus is correct, then most of the measures of replication used in the scientific literature are actually poor indicators of this reliability or confirmation. Only meta-analytic measures of replication align functionally with the goals of replication. (...)
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  12.  20
    Davidson and Literary Theory.Samuel C. Wheeler - 2013 - In Ernie Lepore & Kurt Ludwig, Blackwell Companion to Donald Davidson. Blackwell. pp. 379–392.
    The first section of this chapter discusses the one essay Davidson wrote specifically about the theory of literature, including his criticisms of Kripke's account of names in fiction. The second section describes his intentionalism, anticonventionalism, and account of metaphor. The third section discusses to what extent Davidson's views are taken into account by contemporary literary theorists, such as Michaels and Fish. After discussing how texts are prima facie different from speech, the fourth section presents some problems for Davidson's account of (...)
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  13.  93
    Two quantum logics of indeterminacy.Samuel C. Fletcher & David E. Taylor - 2021 - Synthese 199 (5-6):13247-13281.
    We implement a recent characterization of metaphysical indeterminacy in the context of orthodox quantum theory, developing the syntax and semantics of two propositional logics equipped with determinacy and indeterminacy operators. These logics, which extend a novel semantics for standard quantum logic that accounts for Hilbert spaces with superselection sectors, preserve different desirable features of quantum logic and logics of indeterminacy. In addition to comparing the relative advantages of the two, we also explain how each logic answers Williamson’s challenge to any (...)
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  14.  9
    The Mental as Physical.Samuel C. Wheeler Iii - 1984 - Noûs 18 (1):145-151.
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  15.  22
    The Stanford (1915) and the Vineland (1911) revisions of the Binet scale.Samuel C. Kohs - 1917 - Psychological Review 24 (2):174-179.
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  16. Locke on primary and secondary qualities.Samuel C. Rickless - 1997 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 78 (3):297-319.
    In this paper, I argue that Book II, Chapter viii of Locke' Essay is a unified, self-consistent whole, and that the appearance of inconsistency is due largely to anachronistic misreadings and misunderstandings. The key to the distinction between primary and secondary qualities is that the former are, while the latter are not, real properties, i.e., properties that exist in bodies independently of being perceived. Once the distinction is properly understood, it becomes clear that Locke's arguments for it are simple, valid (...)
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  17.  34
    Patient perspectives on compensation for biospecimen donation.Samuel C. Allen, Minisha Lohani, Kristopher A. Hendershot, Travis R. Deal, Taylor White, Margie D. Dixon & Rebecca D. Pentz - 2018 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 9 (2):77-81.
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  18.  50
    Similarity Structure and Emergent Properties.Samuel C. Fletcher - 2020 - Philosophy of Science 87 (2):281-301.
    The concept of emergence is commonly invoked in modern physics but rarely defined. Building on recent influential work by Jeremy Butterfield, I provide precise definitions of emergence concepts as they pertain to properties represented in models, applying them to some basic examples from space-time and thermostatistical physics. The chief formal innovation I employ, similarity structure, consists in a structured set of similarity relations among those models under analysis—and their properties—and is a generalization of topological structure. Although motivated from physics, this (...)
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  19.  49
    (1 other version)Modality in physics.Samuel C. Fletcher - 2018 - In Otávio Bueno & Scott A. Shalkowski, The Routledge Handbook of Modality. New York: Routledge.
    This review concerns the notions of physical possibility and necessity as they are informed by contemporary physical theories and the reconstructive explications of past physical theories according to present standards. Its primary goal is twofold: first, to motivate and introduce a range of accessible issues of philosophical relevance around these notions; and second, to provide extensive references to the research literature on them. Although I will have occasion to comment on the direction and shape of this literature, pointing out certain (...)
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  20.  35
    The Nature of Self-Defense.Samuel C. Rickless - 2018 - San Diego Law Review 56:339-355.
  21. Locke's 'Sensitive Knowledge': Knowledge or Assurance?Samuel C. Rickless - 2016 - Oxford Studies in Early Modern Philosophy 7:187-224.
     
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  22. Will and Motivation.Samuel C. Rickless - 2013 - In Peter R. Anstey, The Oxford handbook of British philosophy in the seventeenth century. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. pp. 393-414.
  23. Plato's Enlightenment: The Good as the Sun.Samuel C. Wheeler - 1997 - History of Philosophy Quarterly 14 (2):171-188.
  24.  38
    The Local Validity of Special Relativity, Part 1: Geometry.Samuel C. Fletcher & James Owen Weatherall - 2023 - Philosophy of Physics 1 (1).
    In this two-part essay, we distinguish several senses in which general relativity has been regarded as “locally special relativistic.” Here, in Part 1, we focus on senses in which a relativistic spacetime has been said to be “locally (approximately) Minkowskian.” After critiquing several proposals in the literature, we present a result capturing a substantive sense in which every relativistic spacetime is locally approximately Minkowskian. We then show that Minkowski spacetime is not distinguished in this result: every relativistic spacetime is locally (...)
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  25.  27
    The Local Validity of Special Relativity, Part 2: Matter Dynamics.Samuel C. Fletcher & James Owen Weatherall - 2023 - Philosophy of Physics 1 (1).
    In this two-part essay, we distinguish several senses in which general relativity has been regarded as “locally special relativistic.” In Part 1, we focused on senses in which a relativistic spacetime may be said to be “locally (approximately) Minkowskian.” Here, in Part 2, we consider what it might mean to say that a matter theory is “locally special relativistic.” We isolate and evaluate three criteria in the literature and show that they are incompatible: matter theories satisfying one will generally violate (...)
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  26.  28
    Axiomatization of an Orthologic of Indeterminacy.Samuel C. Fletcher & David E. Taylor - 2024 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 53 (6):1441-1462.
    Recently, we (Synthese, 199(5–6):13247–13281, 2021) proposed Kripke-like semantics for two quantum logics of interderminacy. These logics expand the vocabulary of standard Birkhoff-von Neumann propositional quantum logic with a pair of modal operators interpreted as “it is (in)determinate that”, allowing them to express in the object language statements such as “it is indeterminate that system S is spin-up in the x-direction”, as well as statements of any logical complexity involving ascriptions of (in)determinacy. We present an axiomatization of a logic closely related (...)
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  27.  17
    Deconstruction as Analytic Philosophy.Samuel C. Wheeler - 2000 - Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
    In this collection of essays Samuel Wheeler discusses Derrida and other “deconstructive” thinkers from the perspective of an analytic philosopher willing to treat deconstruction as philosophy, taking it seriously enough to look for and analyze its arguments. The essays focus on the theory of meaning, truth, interpretation, metaphor, and the relationship of language to the world. Wheeler links the thought of Derrida to that of Davidson and argues for close affinities among Derrida, Quine, de Man, and Wittgenstein. He also (...)
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  28. Analytical vs. Continental Philosophy: Bridging the Gap.Samuel C. Wheeler - 2010 - The European Legacy 15 (7):897-900.
  29.  44
    The Stopping Rule Principle and Confirmational Reliability.Samuel C. Fletcher - 2023 - Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 55 (1):1-28.
    The stopping rule for a sequential experiment is the rule or procedure for determining when that experiment should end. Accordingly, the stopping rule principle (SRP) states that the evidential relationship between the final data from a sequential experiment and a hypothesis under consideration does not depend on the stopping rule: the same data should yield the same evidence, regardless of which stopping rule was used. I clarify and provide a novel defense of two interpretations of the main argument against the (...)
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  30. On that which is not.Samuel C. Wheeler - 1979 - Synthese 41 (2):155 - 173.
  31. Are Locke's Persons Modes or Substances?Samuel C. Rickless - 2014 - In Paul Lodge & Tom Stoneham, Locke and Leibniz on Substance. New York: Routledge. pp. 110-127.
     
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  32.  63
    Marriage in Contemporary American Literature.Samuel C. Coale - 1983 - Thought: Fordham University Quarterly 58 (1):111-121.
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  33.  33
    The interaction of frequency, emotional tone, and set in visual recognition.Samuel C. Fulkerson - 1957 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 54 (3):188.
  34.  7
    Prayer and Social Transformation.C. B. Samuel - 1996 - Transformation: An International Journal of Holistic Mission Studies 13 (1):8-11.
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  35.  43
    Berkeley's Criticisms of Shaftesbury and Hutcheson.Samuel C. Rickless - 2020 - Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 88:97-119.
    In this paper, I attempt to clarify the nature and purpose of Berkeley's criticisms of Shaftesbury's and Hutcheson's ethical systems in the third chapter ofAlciphron, explaining the extent to which those criticisms rely on the truth of idealism and considering whether Berkeley or his philosophical opponents have the better of the arguments. In the end, I conclude that some of Berkeley's criticisms are based on confusion and misunderstanding, others are likely contradicted by the empirical evidence, and yet others are unconvincing. (...)
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  36. Locke's Diagnosis of Akrasia Revisited.Samuel C. Rickless & Leonardo Moauro - 2024 - Journal of Modern Philosophy 6:1-24.
    Matthew Leisinger (2020) argues that previous interpretations of John Locke’s account of akrasia (or weakness of will) are mistaken and offers a new interpretation in their place. In this essay, we aim to recapitulate part of this debate, defend a previously articulated interpretation by responding to Leisinger’s criticisms of it, and explain why Leisinger’s own interpretation faces textual and philosophical problems that are serious enough to disqualify it as an accurate reconstruction of Locke’s views. In so doing, we aim to (...)
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  37.  30
    Commentary.Samuel C. Florman - 1983 - Business and Professional Ethics Journal 2 (2):53-56.
  38.  21
    Megarian Paradoxes as Eleatic Arguments.Samuel C. Wheeler Iii - 1983 - American Philosophical Quarterly 20 (3):287 - 295.
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  39.  8
    A Transcendental Argument for Liberalism.Samuel C. Rickless - 2017 - San Diego Law Review 54:273-297.
  40. Locke's polemic against nativism.Samuel C. Rickless - 2007 - In Lex Newman, The Cambridge Companion to Locke's "Essay Concerning Human Understanding". New York: Cambridge University Press.
    In the 17th century, there was a lively debate in the intellectual circles with which Locke was familiar, revolving around the question whether the human mind is furnished with innate ideas. Although a few scholars declared that there is no good reason to believe, and good reason not to believe, in the existence of innate ideas, the vast majority took for granted that God, in his infinite goodness and wisdom, has inscribed in human minds innate principles that constitute the foundation (...)
     
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  41.  52
    Which Worldlines Represent Possible Particle Histories?Samuel C. Fletcher - 2020 - Foundations of Physics 50 (6):582-599.
    Based on three common interpretive commitments in general relativity, I raise a conceptual problem for the usual identification, in that theory, of timelike curves as those that represent the possible histories of particles in spacetime. This problem affords at least three different solutions, depending on different representational and ontological assumptions one makes about the nature of particles, fields, and their modal structure. While I advocate for a cautious pluralism regarding these options, I also suggest that re-interpreting particles as field processes (...)
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  42.  26
    Locke's Ontology of Relations.Samuel C. Rickless - 2017 - Locke Studies 17:61-86.
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  43. Attributives and their Modifiers.Samuel C. Wheeler - 1972 - Noûs 6 (4):310-334.
     
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  44.  28
    Commentary: Miranda, Dickerson, and the problem of actual innocence.Samuel C. Rickless - 2000 - Criminal Justice Ethics 19 (2):53-55.
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  45. The Coherence of Orthodox Fourth Amendment Jurisprudence.Samuel C. Rickless - 2005 - George Mason University Civil Rights Law Journal 15:261-296.
     
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  46. Where Exactly Does Berkeley Argue for the Existence of God in the *Principles*?Samuel C. Rickless - 2013 - History of Philosophy Quarterly 30.
  47.  91
    Extension of Deconstruction.Samuel C. Wheeler - 1986 - The Monist 69 (1):3-21.
    Samuel C. Wheeler, III; The Extension of Deconstruction, The Monist, Volume 69, Issue 1, 1 January 1986, Pages 3–21, https://doi.org/10.5840/monist19866913.
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  48.  10
    Building A Nation.C. B. Samuel - 1999 - Transformation: An International Journal of Holistic Mission Studies 16 (4):141-144.
    India, the world's largest democracy of 1 billion people, went to the polls in September 1999. In this article the director of the Evangelical Fellowship of India Commission on Relief and Development offers a critical reading of India's journey in building a nation state, and the challenge this represents to evangelicals to present a public face for the Christian faith in such a context. The article is a prelude to a larger and longer study he is undertaking, which the editors (...)
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  49.  3
    Evangelism in Social Action Ministries.C. B. Samuel - 1990 - Transformation: An International Journal of Holistic Mission Studies 7 (1):18-18.
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  50.  7
    A New Variorum Edition of Shakespeare.Samuel C. Chew & Horace Howard Furness - 1920 - American Journal of Philology 41 (1):81.
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