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Steven Edwards [37]Sarah J. L. Edwards [34]Steven D. Edwards [23]Steve Edwards [17]
S. F. Edwards [12]Sarah Jl Edwards [11]S. D. Edwards [11]Stephen D. Edwards [9]

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  1. Three versions of an ethics of care.Steven D. Edwards - 2009 - Nursing Philosophy 10 (4):231-240.
    The ethics of care still appeals to many in spite of penetrating criticisms of it which have been presented over the past 15 years or so. This paper tries to offer an explanation for this, and then to critically engage with three versions of an ethics of care. The explanation consists firstly in the close affinities between nursing and care. The three versions identified below are by Gilligan (1982 ), a second by Tronto (1993 ), and a third by Gastmans (...)
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  2.  59
    Handbook of the Philosophy of Medicine.Thomas Schramme & Steven Edwards (eds.) - 2017 - Springer.
    This is the first wide-ranging, multi-authored handbook in the field of philosophy of medicine, covering the underlying conceptual issues of many important social, political and ethical issues in health care. It introduces and develops over 70 topics, concepts, and issues in the field. It is written by distinguished specialists from multiple disciplines, including philosophy, health sciences, nursing, sociology, political theory, and medicine. Many difficult social and ethical issues in health care are based on conceptual problems, most prominently on the definitions (...)
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  3. Research led by participants: a new social contract for a new kind of research.Effy Vayena, Roger Brownsword, Sarah Jane Edwards, Bastian Greshake, Jeffrey P. Kahn, Navjoyt Ladher, Jonathan Montgomery, Daniel O'Connor, Onora O'Neill, Martin P. Richards, Annette Rid, Mark Sheehan, Paul Wicks & John Tasioulas - 2016 - Journal of Medical Ethics 42 (4):216-219.
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  4.  33
    Ethics of Clinical Science in a Public Health Emergency: Drug Discovery at the Bedside.Sarah Jl Edwards - 2013 - American Journal of Bioethics 13 (9):3-14.
    Clinical research under the usual regulatory constraints may be difficult or even impossible in a public health emergency. Regulators must seek to strike a good balance in granting as wide therapeutic access to new drugs as possible at the same time as gathering sound evidence of safety and effectiveness. To inform current policy, I reexamine the philosophical rationale for restricting new medicines to clinical trials, at any stage and for any population of patients (which resides in the precautionary principle), to (...)
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  5.  82
    (1 other version)Research ethics committees and paternalism.S. J. L. Edwards - 2004 - Journal of Medical Ethics 30 (1):88-91.
    In this paper the authors argue that research ethics committees should not be paternalistic by rejecting research that poses risk to people competent to decide for themselves. However it is important they help to ensure valid consent is sought from potential recruits and protect vulnerable people who cannot look after their own best interests. The authors first describe the tragic deaths of Jesse Gelsinger and Ellen Roche. They then discuss the following claims to support their case: competent individuals are epistemologically (...)
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  6.  53
    Physical and mental effort disrupts the implicit sense of agency.Emma E. Howard, S. Gareth Edwards & Andrew P. Bayliss - 2016 - Cognition 157 (C):114-125.
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  7.  55
    A Radical Approach to Ebola: Saving Humans and Other Animals.Sarah J. L. Edwards, Charles H. Norell, Phyllis Illari, Brendan Clarke & Carolyn P. Neuhaus - 2018 - American Journal of Bioethics 18 (10):35-42.
    As the usual regulatory framework did not fit well during the last Ebola outbreak, innovative thinking still needed. In the absence of an outbreak, randomised controlled trials of clinical efficacy in humans cannot be done, while during an outbreak such trials will continue to face significant practical, philosophical, and ethical challenges. This article argues that researchers should also test the safety and effectiveness of novel vaccines in wild apes by employing a pluralistic approach to evidence. There are three reasons to (...)
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  8.  39
    Assessing the Remedy: The Case for Contracts in Clinical Trials.Sarah J. L. Edwards - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (4):3-12.
    Current orthodoxy in research ethics assumes that subjects of clinical trials reserve rights to withdraw at any time and without giving any reason. This view sees the right to withdraw as a simple extension of the right to refuse to participate all together. In this paper, however, I suggest that subjects should assume some responsibilities for the internal validity of the trial at consent and that these responsibilities should be captured by contract. This would allow the researcher to impose a (...)
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  9. Three concepts of suffering.Steven D. Edwards - 2003 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 6 (1):59-66.
    This paper has three main aims. The first is to provide a critical assessment of two rival concepts of suffering, that proposed by Cassell and that proposed in this journal by van Hooft. The second aim of the paper is to sketch a more plausible concept of suffering, one which derives from a Wittgensteinian view of linguistic meaning. This more plausible concept is labeled an ‘intuitive concept’. The third aim is to assess the prospects for scientific understanding of suffering.
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  10.  37
    Eyes that bind us: Gaze leading induces an implicit sense of agency.Lisa J. Stephenson, S. Gareth Edwards, Emma E. Howard & Andrew P. Bayliss - 2018 - Cognition 172 (C):124-133.
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  11.  93
    Disability, identity and the "expressivist objection".S. D. Edwards - 2004 - Journal of Medical Ethics 30 (4):418-420.
    The practice of prenatal screening for disability is sometimes objected to because of the hurt and offence such practices may cause to people currently living with disabilities. This objection is commonly termed “the expressivist objection”. In response to the objection it is standardly claimed that disabilities are analogous to illnesses. And just as it would be implausible to suppose reduction of the incidence of illnesses such as flu sends a negative message to ill people, so it is not plausible to (...)
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  12.  63
    Research participation and the right to withdraw.Sarah J. L. Edwards - 2005 - Bioethics 19 (2):112–130.
    Most ethics committees which review research protocols insist that potential research participants reserve unconditional or absolute ‘right’ of withdrawal at any time and without giving any reason. In this paper, I examine what consent means for research participation and a sense of commitment in relation to this right to withdraw. I suggest that, once consent has been given (and here I am excluding incompetent minors and adults), participants should not necessarily have unconditional or absolute rights to withdraw.This does not imply (...)
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  13.  43
    Is there a distinctive care ethics?Steven D. Edwards - 2011 - Nursing Ethics 18 (2):184-191.
    Is it true that an ethics of care offers something distinct from other approaches to ethical problems in nursing, especially principlism? In this article an attempt is made to clarify an ethics of care and then to argue that there need be no substantial difference between principlism and an ethics of care when the latter is considered in the context of nursing. The article begins by considering the question of how one could in fact differentiate moral theories. As is explained, (...)
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  14.  30
    Recognising values and engaging communities across cultures: towards developing a cultural protocol for researchers.Rakhshi Memon, Muqaddas Asif, Ameer B. Khoso, Sehrish Tofique, Tayyaba Kiran, Nasim Chaudhry, Nusrat Husain & Sarah J. L. Edwards - 2021 - BMC Medical Ethics 22 (1):1-8.
    Efforts to build research capacity and capability in low and middle income countries (LMIC) has progressed over the last three decades, yet it confronts many challenges including issues with communicating or even negotiating across different cultures. Implementing global research requires a broader understanding of community engagement and participatory research approaches. There is a considerable amount of guidance available on community engagement in clinical trials, especially for studies for HIV/aids, even culturally specific codes for recruiting vulnerable populations such as the San (...)
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  15. Should Oscar Pistorius be excluded from the 2008 olympic games?S. D. Edwards - 2008 - Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 2 (2):112 – 125.
    This paper discusses the predicament of Oscar Pistorius. He is a Paralympic gold medallist who wishes to participate in the Olympics in Beijing in 2008. Following a brief introductory section, the paper discusses the arguments that could be, and have been, deployed against his participation in the Olympics, should he make the qualifying time for his chosen event (400m). The next section discusses a more hypothetical argument based upon a specific understanding of the fair opportunity rule. According to this, there (...)
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  16.  44
    Restricted treatments, inducements, and research participation.Sarah J. L. Edwards - 2006 - Bioethics 20 (2):77–91.
    ABSTRACT In this paper, I support the claim that placing certain restrictions on public access to possible new treatments is morally problematic under some exceptional circumstances. Very ill patients may find that all available standard treatments are unacceptable, either because they are ineffective or have serious adverse effects, and these patients may understandably be desperate to try something new even if this means stepping into the unknown. Faced with certain death, it is rational to want to try something new and (...)
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  17.  55
    Sex and Gender in the Legal Process.Susan S. M. Edwards - 1996 - Oxford University Press UK.
    This work examines the evolution of law and legal method, and challenges the law's claim to neutrality by examining its role in creating and reproducing inequality between the sexes. It considers many of the current debates, and in each, the law is stated with reference to recent developments in statute and judicial decisions in the UK and other jurisdictions. The author illustrates how each issue is shaped by the current political climate and, where relevant, by the European Court. Reference is (...)
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  18.  39
    Evaluating Interventions in Health: A Reconciliatory Approach.Jonathan Wolff, Sarah Edwards, Sarah Richmond, Shepley Orr & Geraint Rees - 2012 - Bioethics 26 (9):455-463.
    Health‐related Quality of Life measures have recently been attacked from two directions, both of which criticize the preference‐based method of evaluating health states they typically incorporate. One attack, based on work by Daniel Kahneman and others, argues that ‘experience’ is a better basis for evaluation. The other, inspired by Amartya Sen, argues that ‘capability’ should be the guiding concept. In addition, opinion differs as to whether health evaluation measures are best derived from consultations with the general public, with patients, or (...)
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  19. The body as object versus the body as subject: The case of disability.Steven D. Edwards - 1998 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 1 (1):47-56.
    This paper is prompted by the charge that the prevailing Western paradigm of medical knowledge is essentially Cartesian. Hence, illness, disease, disability, etc. are said to be conceived of in Cartesian terms. The paper attempts to make use of the critique of Cartesianism in medicine developed by certain commentators, notably Leder (1992), in order to expose Cartesian commitments in conceptions of disability. The paper also attempts to sketch an alternative conception of disability — one partly inspired by the work of (...)
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  20.  60
    (1 other version)The Realism of Aquinas.Sandra Edwards - 1985 - New Scholasticism 59 (1):79-101.
  21.  28
    Inequalities and Fairness in Cluster Trials.Erin Conrad & Sarah Jl Edwards - 2011 - Research Ethics 7 (2):58-65.
    Cluster randomized controlled trials (cluster RCTs) randomize whole clusters of individuals in testing two or more competing interventions. Here we will present the ethical problems raised by cluster RCTs concerning their effect on inequality. We argue that some inequalities generated by cluster RCTs are larger in scope than those generated from individual RCTs. We also argue that any cluster RCT-generated inequalities, which divide groups rather than individuals, are more problematic in type than the inequalities created in individual RCTs. These concerns (...)
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  22.  76
    Evaluating interventions in health: A reconciliatory approach.Jonathan Wolff, Sarah Edwards, Sarah Richmond, O. R. R. Shepley & Geraint Rees - 2011 - Bioethics 26 (9):455-463.
    Health-related Quality of Life measures have recently been attacked from two directions, both of which criticize the preference-based method of evaluating health states they typically incorporate. One attack, based on work by Daniel Kahneman and others, argues that ‘experience’ is a better basis for evaluation. The other, inspired by Amartya Sen, argues that ‘capability’ should be the guiding concept. In addition, opinion differs as to whether health evaluation measures are best derived from consultations with the general public, with patients, or (...)
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  23.  96
    The Ashley treatment: a step too far, or not far enough?S. D. Edwards - 2008 - Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (5):341-343.
    This “current controversies” contribution describes the recent case of a severely disabled six year old girl who has been subjected to a range of medical interventions at the request of her parents and with the permission of a hospital clinical ethics committee. The interventions prescribed have become known as “the Ashley treatment” and involve the performance of invasive medical procedures (eg, hysterectomy) and oestrogen treatment. A central aim of the treatment is to restrict the growth of the child and thus (...)
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  24. The Intangibilities of Form: Skill and Deskilling in Art after the Readymade.John Roberts & Steve Edwards - 2008 - Radical Philosophy 149:56.
     
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  25.  38
    The Art of Nursing.Steven D. Edwards - 1998 - Nursing Ethics 5 (5):393-400.
    This article discusses the question of whether, as is often claimed, nursing is properly described as an art. Following critical remarks on the claims of Carper, Chinn and Watson, and Johnson, the account of art provided by RG Collingwood is described, with particular reference to his influential distinction between art and craft. The question of whether nursing is best described as an art or a craft is then discussed. The conclusion is advanced that nursing cannot properly be described as an (...)
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  26.  32
    The Role, Remit and Function of the Research Ethics Committee — 1. The Rationale for Ethics Review of Research by Committee.Sarah J. L. Edwards - 2009 - Research Ethics 5 (4):147-150.
    This is the first in a series of five papers on the role, remit and function of research ethics committees which are intended to provide for REC members a broad understanding of the most important issues in research ethics and governance. The first considers the rationale for having ethics review by committee at all; seeking to explain why ethics committees, as we currently have them, are so important to the wider system of governing research.
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  27.  26
    Governing taste: data, temporality and everyday kiwifruit dry matter performances.Matthew Henry, Christopher Rosin & Sarah Edwards - 2022 - Agriculture and Human Values 40 (2):519-531.
    Data is essential to governing those emerging matters of concern that confront the agrifood every day. But data is no neutral intermediary. It disrupts, exposes, and creates new social, economic, political, and environmental possibilities, whilst simultaneously hiding, excluding, and foreclosing others. Scholars have become attuned to both the constitutive role of data in creating everyday worlds, and the need to develop critical accounts of the materialities, spatialities and multiplicities of data relationships. Whereas this emerging work develops insight to the capacity (...)
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  28.  39
    Ethical concerns regarding guidelines for the conduct of clinical research on children.S. D. Edwards - 2005 - Journal of Medical Ethics 31 (6):351-354.
    In this article we examine ethical aspects of the involvement of children in clinical research, specifically those who are incapable of giving informed consent to participate. The topic is, of course, not a new one in medical ethics but there are some tensions in current guidelines that, in our view, need to be made explicit and which need to be responded to by the relevant official bodies. In particular, we focus on tensions between the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki, (...)
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  29.  42
    Why Sports Medicine is not Medicine.Steven D. Edwards & Mike McNamee - 2006 - Health Care Analysis 14 (2):103-109.
    Sports Medicine as an apparent sub-class of medicine has developed apace over the past 30 years. Its recent trajectory has been evidenced by the emergence of specialist international research journals, standard texts, annual conferences, academic appointments and postgraduate courses. Although this field of enquiry and practice lays claim to the title ‘sports medicine’ this paper queries the legitimacy of that claim. Depending upon how ‘sports medicine’ and ‘medicine’ are defined, a plausible-sounding case can be made to show that sports medicine (...)
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  30.  48
    A new method for the evaluation of electric conductivity in metals.S. F. Edwards - 1958 - Philosophical Magazine 3 (33):1020-1031.
  31.  57
    The Moral Status of Intellectually Disabled Individuals.S. D. Edwards - 1997 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 22 (1):29-42.
    The moral status accorded to an individual (or class of individuals) helps to account for the weight of the moral obligations considered due to an individual (or class of individuals). Strong arguments can be given to indicate that the moral status accorded, justly or unjustly, to individuals with intellectual disabilities is less than that accorded to those considered intellectually able. This paper suggests that such a view of the moral status of intellectually disabled individuals derives from individualism. Ontological and normative (...)
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  32.  59
    Prevention of disability on grounds of suffering.S. D. Edwards - 2001 - Journal of Medical Ethics 27 (6):380-382.
    This paper examines one particular justification for the screening and termination of embryos/fetuses which possess genetic features known to cause disability. The particular case is that put forward in several places by John Harris. He argues that the obligation to prevent needless suffering justifies the prevention of the births of disabled neonates. The paper begins by rehearsing Harris's case. Then, drawing upon claims advanced in a recent paper in the Journal of Medical Ethics, it is subjected to critical scrutiny, focusing (...)
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  33.  49
    The Role, Remit and Function of the Research Ethics Committee — 3. Balancing Potential Social Benefits against Risks to Subjects.Sarah J. L. Edwards - 2010 - Research Ethics 6 (3):96-100.
    This is the third in a series of five papers on the role, remit and function of research ethics committees which are intended to provide for REC members a broad understanding of the most important issues in research ethics and governance. This paper examines the role of ethics committees in balancing the social value of the research it reviews against the risks it imposes on those who take part. The ethics committee's role in assessing the social value of research goes (...)
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  34. Hard paternalism, fairness and clinical research: why not?Sarah J. L. Edwards & James Wilson - 2010 - Bioethics 26 (2):68 - 75.
    Jansen and Wall suggest a new way of defending hard paternalism in clinical research. They argue that non-therapeutic research exposing people to more than minimal risk should be banned on egalitarian grounds: in preventing poor decision-makers from making bad decisions, we will promote equality of welfare. We argue that their proposal is flawed for four reasons.First, the idea of poor decision-makers is much more problematic than Jansen and Wall allow. Second, pace Jansen and Wall, it may be practicable for regulators (...)
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  35.  33
    Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Ethics of Clinical Science in a Public Health Emergency: Drug Discovery at the Bedside”.Sarah Jl Edwards - 2013 - American Journal of Bioethics 13 (9):W1-W3.
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  36.  63
    Philosophy of Nursing: a New Vision for Health Care.Steven Edwards - 2001 - Nursing Philosophy 2 (2):187-189.
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  37.  29
    Limitations to Contingency Measures: Reflections from COVID-19 Surges in the UK.Sarah J. L. Edwards, David A. Lomas, Sarah Yardley & Caitlin Gordon - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 21 (8):31-34.
    Alfandre et al. helpfully outlines the case for attending to contingency planning as well as to crisis measures during a pandemic. The authors provides a helpful framework for reflecting on...
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  38.  2
    Externalism in the Philosophy of Mind.Steven D. Edwards - 1994 - Avebury.
    Sets out to show that externalism is a more plausible theory of intentional content than internalism. The book describes a physicalist version of externalism, and explains the individuation conditions of demonstrative thoughts and thoughts which concern natural kinds.
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  39.  41
    Evidence of Efficacy and Human Right to Health.Sarah J. L. Edwards, Sapfo Lignou & Elizabeth Oduwo - 2012 - American Journal of Bioethics 12 (6):35-37.
    The American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 12, Issue 6, Page 35-37, June 2012.
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  40.  22
    Protecting privacy interests in brain images : the limits of consent.Sarah J. L. Edwards - 2012 - In Sarah Richmond, Geraint Rees & Sarah J. L. Edwards, I know what you're thinking: brain imaging and mental privacy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  41.  50
    Manipulation of information in medical research: Can it be morally justified?Sapfo Lignou & Sarah Jl Edwards - 2012 - Research Ethics 8 (1):9-23.
    The aim of this article is to examine whether informational manipulation, used intentionally by the researcher to increase recruitment in the research study, can be morally acceptable. We argue that this question is better answered by following a non-normative account, according to which the ethical justifiability of informational manipulation should not be relevant to its definition. The most appropriate criterion by which informational manipulation should be considered as morally acceptable or not is the researcher’s special moral duties towards their subjects. (...)
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  42.  56
    Editorial.Steven Edwards - 2007 - Nursing Philosophy 8 (4):221–222.
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  43.  46
    Can supervising self-harm be part of ethical nursing practice?Steven D. Edwards & Jeanette Hewitt - 2011 - Nursing Ethics 18 (1):79-87.
    It was reported in 2006 that a regime of ‘supervised self harm’ had been implemented at St George’s Hospital, Stafford. This involves patients with a history of self-harming behaviour being offered both emotional and practical support to enable them to do so. This support can extend to the provision of knives or razors to enable them to self-harm while they are being supervised by a nurse. This article discusses, and evaluates from an ethical perspective, three competing responses to self-harming behaviours: (...)
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  44.  23
    Pharmaceutical Memory Modification and Christianity’s “Dangerous” Memory.Stephanie C. Edwards - 2020 - Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics 40 (1):93-108.
    Pharmaceutical memory modification is the use of a drug to dampen, or eliminate completely, memories of traumatic experience. While standard therapeutic treatments, even those including intense pharmaceuticals, can potentially offer individual biomedical healing, they are missing an essential perspective offered by Christian bioethics: re/incorporation of individuals and traumatic memories into communities that confront and reinterpret suffering. This paper is specifically grounded in Christian ethics, engaging womanist understandings of Incarnational, embodied personhood, and Johann Baptist Metz’s “dangerous memory.” It develops an ethical (...)
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  45.  33
    The Case for Methodological Pluralism in Medical Science.Sarah J. L. Edwards, Thomas Bock, Ulo Palm, Sally Wang, Glen Cheng, Lixia Wang & Peter Pitts - 2020 - American Journal of Bioethics 20 (9):39-41.
    Volume 20, Issue 9, September 2020, Page 39-41.
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  46. Are discrepancies between research ethics committees always morally problematic.S. J. L. Edwards, R. A. Ashcroft & S. Kirchin - 2004 - Bioethics 18 (4):408-427.
  47. Nordenfelt's theory of disability.Steven D. Edwards - 1998 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 19 (1):89-100.
    This paper is an attempt to provide a critical evaluation of the theory of disability put forward by Lennart Nordenfelt. The paper is in five sections. The first sets out the main elements of Nordenfelt's theory. The second section elaborates the theory further, identifies a tension in the theory, and three kinds of problems for it. The tension derives from Nordenfelt's attempt to respect two important but conflicting constraints on a theory of health. The problems derive from characterisation of the (...)
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  48.  56
    I know what you're thinking: brain imaging and mental privacy.Sarah Richmond, Geraint Rees & Sarah J. L. Edwards (eds.) - 2012 - Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    'I know what you're thinking' is a fascinating exploration into the neuroscientific evidence on 'mind reading'.
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  49.  51
    Ethics review of research: in pursuit of proportionality.S. J. L. Edwards & R. Omar - 2008 - Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (7):568-572.
    The ethics review system of research is now well-established, at least in the developed world, although there are many differences in how countries view it and go about managing it. The UK specifically is now seeking to revise its system by speeding up the process of ethics approval but only for some studies. It is proposed that only those studies which pose “no material ethical issues” should be “fast-tracked”. However, it is unclear what this means, who should decide and what (...)
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  50. Contemplative investigation into Christ consciousness with Heart Prayer and HeartMath practices.Stephen D. Edwards & David J. Edwards - 2017 - HTS Theological Studies 73 (3).
    An exploratory pilot study with a small homogenous sample of Christian English speaking participants provided support for an alternative research hypothesis that a Christ consciousness contemplation with Heart Prayer of HeartMath techniques was significantly associated with increasing psychophysiological coherence, sense of coherence, spirituality and health perceptions. Participants described feelings of a peaceful place in oneness and connection with Christ. Integrative findings point towards Christ consciousness as an ultimately non-dual process of sensing vibrational resonance radiating from the human heart. Implications for (...)
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