Electroacupuncture (EA) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are often used in the management of schizophrenia. This study sought to determine whether additional EA and ECT could augment antipsychotic response and reduce related side effects. In this retrospective controlled study, 287 hospitalized schizophrenic patients who received antipsychotics (controls, n = 50) alone or combined with EA (n = 101), ECT (n = 55) or both (EA+ECT, n = 81) were identified. EA and ECT were conducted for 5 and 3 sessions per week, (...) respectively, with a maximum of 12 sessions for ECT during hospitalization. The Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) and Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) were used to assess the severity of psychotic symptoms. Clinical response on SAPS and SANS, weight gain, and adverse events were compared. Survival analysis revealed that the ECT and EA+ECT groups had markedly greater clinical response rate than controls on SAPS [72.7% and 90.1% vs. 64.0%; relative risk (RR), 1.974 and 2.628, respectively, P ≤ 0.004] and on SANS (67.3% and 70.4% vs. 42.0%; RR, 1.951 and 2.009, respectively, P ≤ 0.015). A significantly greater response rate on SANS than controls was also observed in the EA group (64.4% versus 42.0%; RR = 1.938, P = 0.008). EA-containing regimens remarkably reduced weight gain and incidences of headache, insomnia, dry mouth, and electrocardiographic abnormalities. These results suggest that EA and ECT can serve as additional treatment for enhancing antipsychotic response and reduce the side effects in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. (shrink)

Ben shu jie shao le gong zi zhen, wei yuan, yan fu, kang you wei, tan si tong, liang qi chao, chen tian hua, zhang bing lin deng wan qing si xiang jia de zhe xue si xiang.

In this paper, a two-level green supply chain composed of a manufacturer and a retailer is taken as the background. Considering the consumer’s double consumption preference and the manufacturer’s green product R&D investment, a differential game model of the green supply chain under the government cost subsidy strategy is constructed. Firstly, the equilibrium points of the system are solved and their stability is discussed and analyzed. Secondly, the dynamic evolution process of Nash equilibrium under the parameters of green degree, green (...) preference coefficient, retail channel preference coefficient, coefficient of the sensitivity of price, and adjustment speed are described by numerical simulation. The results show that the two ways of a system entering chaos are Flip bifurcation and N-S bifurcation, respectively, by 2D bifurcation graph, and it is also verified in 1D bifurcation diagram. When the bifurcation parameters are small, the system maintains Nash equilibrium stability. If the green degree of products is increased, the green preference coefficient will also increase; on the contrary, the retail preference coefficient will decrease. Research and development cost subsidy policy can effectively improve the green degree of products and increase the sales volume of products, so as to improve the profit of supply chain members. (shrink)

Case-cohort design is a biased sampling method. Due to its cost-effective and theoretical significance, this design has extensive application value in many large cohort studies. The case-cohort data includes a subcohort sampled randomly from the entire cohort and all the failed subjects outside the subcohort. In this paper, the adjustment for the distorted covariates is considered to case-cohort data in Cox’s model. According to the existing adjustable methods of distorted covariates for linear and nonlinear models, we propose estimating the distorting (...) functions by nonparametrically regressing the distorted covariates on the distorting factors; then, the estimators for the parameters are obtained using the estimated covariates. The proof of consistency and being asymptotically normal is completed. For calculating the maximum likelihood estimates of the regression coefficients subject in Cox’s model, a minorization-maximization algorithm is developed. Simulation studies are performed to compare the estimations with the covariates undistorted, distorted, and adjusted to illustrate the proposed methods. (shrink)

PurposeTo investigate spontaneous brain activity in patients with dry eye and healthy control using the fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation technique with the aim of elucidating the relationship between the clinical symptoms of DE and changes in brain function.Material and MethodsA total of 28 patients with DE and 28 matched healthy volunteers were enrolled. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed in both groups. Then all subjects were required to complete a comprehensive Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Receiver (...) operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the differences in fALFF values between the two groups and their diagnostic value. Linear correlations between HADS and fALFF values in different brain regions of DE patients were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient.ResultsPatients with DE had significantly higher fALFF values in the left calcarine sulcus than the HC group, while fALFF values in the bilateral middle frontal gyrus and right MFG/right inferior frontal gyrus were significantly lower in DE patients than in HC group. fALFF values had a high diagnostic value for differentiating patients with DE from the HC group. Right MFG and right MFG/IFG were significantly correlated with HADS values.ConclusionOur study found that DE mainly involved functional disorders in the brain areas of the left CS, bilateral MFG and right MFG/right IFG, which helped us to find possible clinical features of DE disease and reflected the potential pathological mechanism of DE. (shrink)

Anxious major depressive disorder is a common subtype of major depressive disorder; however, its unique neural mechanism is not well-understood currently. Using multimodal MRI data, this study examined common and specific alterations of amygdala subregions between patients with and without anxiety. No alterations were observed in the gray matter volume or intra-region functional integration in either patient group. Compared with the controls, both patient groups showed decreased functional connectivity between the left superficial amygdala and the left putamen, and between the (...) right superficial amygdala and the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex and medial orbitofrontal cortex, while only patients with anxiety exhibited decreased activity in the bilateral laterobasal and superficial amygdala. Moreover, the decreased activity correlated negatively with the Hamilton depression scale scores in the patients with anxiety. These findings provided insights into the pathophysiologic processes of anxious major depressive disorder and may help to develop new and effective treatment programs. (shrink)

本书收录了作者有关美学的论文30篇,前后时间跨越了30多年.这些文章,有的是论述"共同美"的,有的是探讨毛泽东美学思想和中西方审美差异的;还有关于美学基本理论辨析和中国古典美学(特别是玄学美学)思想研 究的;有些文章是有关美育和语文教学美感诱发的(中等学校课堂教学的有关问题);还有一部分,专门研究悲剧的成因,震撼力问题,其中涉及到苏轼,李清照等人的悲剧个案研究.

Background Supporting physicians in Intensive Care Units s as they face dying patients at unprecedented levels due to the COVID-19 pandemic is critical. Amidst a dearth of such data and guided by evidence that nurses in ICUs experience personal, professional and existential issues in similar conditions, a systematic scoping review is proposed to evaluate prevailing accounts of physicians facing dying patients in ICUs through the lens of Personhood. Such data would enhance understanding and guide the provision of better support for (...) ICU physicians. Methods An SSR adopts the Systematic Evidenced Based Approach to map prevailing accounts of caring for dying patients in ICUs. To enhance the transparency and reproducibility of this process, concurrent and independent use of tabulated summaries, thematic analysis and directed content analysis is adopted. Results Eight thousand three hundred fifty-eight abstracts were reviewed from four databases, 474 full-text articles were evaluated, 58 articles were included, and the Split Approach revealed six categories/themes centered around the Innate, Individual, Relational and Societal Rings of Personhood, conflicts in providing end of life care and coping mechanisms employed. Conclusion This SSR suggests that caring for dying patients in ICU impacts how physicians view their personhood. To resolve conflicts within individual concepts of personhood, physicians use prioritization, reframing and rely on accessible, personalized support from colleagues to steer coping strategies. An adapted form of the Ring Theory of Personhood is proposed to direct timely personalized, appropriate and holistic support. (shrink)

本书包括:《生活对爱情的洗礼》、《“男子汉”与“女能人”》、《婚礼的时代进行曲》等多篇文章.

Xin wu xiang rong chu tan -- Guo Dingtang zhu zi yan jiu jue yi.

Passion, Romance, and Qing: The World of Emotions and States of Mind in Peony Pavilion. By Tian Yuan Tan and Paolo Santangelo. Emotions and States of Mind in East Asia, vol. 4. 3 vols. Leiden: Brill, 2014. Pp. x + 1555. €349, $453.

清代既是儒家學說的總結期，又是儒家文化的衰落期。儒家學說發展到清代，已難以承受歷史重負。清儒漢學與宋學的學術分派，不是學術繁榮的象征。各學派各是其是、各行其道，割裂了儒學原創期的辯證統一和思想活力。學 派的分化和爭論，不僅沒有帶來自由學風，推進學術創新，反而標榜門戶，黨同伐異，加劇了內耗和衰落。清中葉以后，各學派創新乏力，只是抱殘守缺、篤守倫常名教。如果沒有外來文化的激發，儒家文化自身不可能擺脫困境 ，走出低谷。 張昭軍，山東省淄博市人。歷史學博士。現為北京師范大學歷史學院教授、博士生導師，兼中國社會科學院研究生院博士生導師、教育部重點研究基地史學理論與史學史研究中心副主任、北京市歷史學會常務理事。2009～2 010年度日本學術振興會外籍聘用研究員，2013年東京大學客座教授。主要從事中國近現代史、中國近現代文化史以及清代學術思想史的教學和研究。.

本書屬於比較哲學的工作，它涉及德國、中國與韓國的倫理學思考。第一、二章首先藉由梳理康德早期倫理學經由席勒倫理學到現象學倫理學的發展過程及其內在理路。此一發展涉及倫理學的基本問題：我們對於道德價值的「領 會」（Erfassung）究竟是什麼性質？此一問題具有跨文化的普遍意義，因此上述的思考為我們之探討中、韓儒學中的相關問題提供了極有用的參考架構。在中國儒學的發展當中，本書選擇了南宋朱熹與湖湘學派關於「 仁」的辯論（第三章），以及晚明劉宗周對於孟子的「四端」與《中庸》的「喜怒哀樂」之獨特詮釋（第四、五章）為探討個案。在韓國儒學的發展當中，本書則選擇了朝鮮儒者李退溪與奇高峰、李栗谷與成牛溪關於「四端」與 「七情」的辯論（第六、七、八章）為探討個案。在這三個個案中，朱子學作為共同的參照系統，與康德後期的倫理學有類似之處，即均預設理性與情感（或性與情）二分的主體性架構。反之，張栻等湖湘學者、劉蕺山、李退溪 與成牛溪將孟子的「四端」或《中庸》的「喜怒哀樂」視為與「七情」異質的形上之情，此點與現象學倫理學的基本方向不謀而合.

美學大師蔣勳用文字，在時間裡的俯仰自得，找回東方最美的事物 東方美學即將再崛起，我們都要重新做好東方的文化功課 ★藝術、自然、摯友，蔣勳談東方美學，談美麗心事 ★精采收錄蔣勳水墨油畫創作，以及東方經典美術作品 ★天地、隔水、錦眉、畫心，裝幀再現長卷的荒涼與繁華 東方美學其實是生命的領悟， 領悟能夠永續，才是來日方長，領悟能夠傳承，才是天長地久。 東方美學是在漫長的歲月裡領悟了時間的意義， 領悟了生命是一個圓，周而復始。 ——蔣勳 他在文人山水畫思考時間的過去與未來，他在古典詩詞中找回不遙遠的傳唱歌聲，他在蟲痕鳥跡獸足之中看到天地大美，他在縱谷春秋之中聆聽長卷跋尾餘音裊裊。美學大師蔣勳重新思考東方美學的特殊意義，在連續不斷的心的 收藏印記中，回歸自然、溫文爾雅，在可有也可無之間，綻放最美麗的光亮。 留白、長卷、水墨、跋尾等東方美學元素，在這個全球化的時代靈光乍現，卻也內斂含蓄。也許是時候回頭省思屬於這個時代的東方美學。東方美學若要重新崛起，我們都應該從頭開始，重新做好自己的功課，迎接屬於東方的文 藝復興。.

本书在界定价值与价值观基本范畴的基础上,详尽地分析了我国青年与西方青年在人生、政治、经济、道德、审美、爱情、职业等各方面价值观的现实状况、历史传统与演变趋势,为我国青年全面了解西方、了解世界提供了独特 的视角,并在剥离出西方青年价值观的合理内核的基础上,为构建我国青年的科学价值观指明了方向。本书在我国国际交往日益广泛、即将加入WTO的时代背景下出版有着特别的意义。.

傳統儒學在邁向現代化的過程中，「清代學術」佔有一重要轉變關鍵；除了西力東漸刺激外，儒學「內在理路」的「變化」，即清儒思想轉變是否是一大促因？繼戴震反宋明理學的「存天理，去人欲」之說，主「義理」實事求是 、「從考據中求」，正視人「情欲」的重要性，這群揚州學者的義理思想可謂將「理學」變向「禮學」；將「天理」轉向「情理」；究其「情理論」內容如何？他們所提倡的「以禮代理」、「養情節欲」等論說又會帶來哪些影響 ？在學術上的價值、地位如何等等，均是本書所欲探究的。【秀威資訊科技股份有限公司製作】.

Ben shu jie shao le gong zi zhen, wei yuan, yan fu, kang you wei, tan si tong, liang qi chao, chen tian hua, zhang bing lin deng wan qing si xiang jia de zhe xue si xiang.

The Qing dynasty scholar Liu Yuan (1768-1856) developed a unique system of thought, merging Confucian learning with ideas and practices from Daoism and Buddhism, and was eventually venerated as the founding patriarch of an influential movement combining the characteristics of a scholarly circle and a religious society. Liu Yuan, a native of Sichuan, was an outstanding Confucian scholar whose teachings were commonly referred to as Liumen (Liu School). Assisted by his close disciples, Liu edited a Daoist ritual canon titled (...) Fayan huizuan (Compendium of Ritual Words). Daoist priests affiliated with the Liumen community and using the Fayan huizuan canon in their rituals constituted an independent liturgical branch of Daoism, which is still extant and known under the name of "Fayan tan" (Altar of Ritual Words). Following a comprehensive description of the Liumen tradition, the volume by Volker Olles discusses the compilation history of the Fayan huizuan canon, the lineage of the Fayan tan priests, as well as the temporal framework of their liturgy. The main part of the volume consists of a detailed study of the ritual canon, identifying its textual sources and describing its pantheon, the influence of the Liumen ideology on its texts, as well as the function and performance of its rituals in contemporary religious practice. Furthermore concluding thoughts about the Fayan tan tradition's role in present-day Sichuan constitute the epilogue. By showing how members of the Confucian elite were involved in the evolution of modern Daoism, this study sheds light on hitherto obscure or poorly understood aspects of the intellectual and spiritual culture of Southwest China. (shrink)

Ben shu gong fen wei liu zhang, qi zhu yao bao kuo: xu lun ; Shao Yong sheng ping ji qi zhu zuo wen ben kao bian ; Shao Yong xue shu si xiang de li shi bei jing ji yuan yuan ; Shao Yong xue shu si xiang yuan yuan; shao yong yi shu yu yi tu si xiang tan jiu deng nei rong.

Ben shu rong hegui gu zi yucai gen tan liang bu zhu zuo de jing hua, Jiang yuan shu zhong yu chu shi, Xiu shen xiang guan de yuan wen jia yi jie xi, Yin shen, Jie he zhi cheng jing dian shi li jin xing chan shu.

Ben shu ji shu le ri ben xian xian er gong zun de de si xiang he shi ji,Nei rong bao kuo:er gong jia de shi fa,Fu bu jia de shi fa,Ying ding de shi fa,Qing mu cun de shi fa,Wu shan de shi fa,Xiao tian yuan shi fa,Xiang dou di qu de shi fa,Xia guan shi fa deng.

Ben cheng guo yi li lun jia gou er fei li shi xu shu de jiao du yan jiu zao qi ru jia de wang ba zhi bian, zong jie wang dao ba dao de zhu yao nei rong, shu li wang ba zhi bian suo guan zhu de si xiang zhu ti, fen xi qi si xiang luo ji jia gou, tan jiu wang ba zhi bian zai Zhongguo chuan tong zheng zhi zhe xue ji Zhongguo chuan tong (...) she hui zhong di ying xiang he yi yi, bing yi xian dai zheng zhi zhe xue de shi jiao fen xi qi li lun de shi wa jue wang ba zhi bian de ji ji yi yi. (shrink)

Dong Zhongshu (Tung Chung-shu) (179-104 B.C.E.) was the first prominent Confucian to integrate yin-yang theory into Confucianism. His constructive effort not only generates a new perspective on yin and yang, it also involves implications beyond its explicit contents. First, Dong changes the natural harmony (he ﾈﾱ) of yin and yang to an imposed unity (he 合). Second, he identifies yang with human nature (xing) and benevolence (ren), and yin with emotion (qing) and greed (tan). Taken together, these novelties grant (...) a philosophical basis for the theory and practice of gender inequality in their specifically Chinese manifestations. An analysis of Dong's work shows that the merce complementarity of yin and yang does not guarantee gender equality; they are not fixed categories, but together form a transformative dynamic harmony. (shrink)

Ben shu yi Ming ru Li Cai de jiang xue huo dong yu xue pai jian gou wei zhong xin, tan tao cong shi liu shi ji chu dao shi qi shi ji mo li xue qun ti zhong xin xing xue shuo he xue pai de chan sheng, chuan bo, kuo zhan yu chuan cheng de mo shi, bing zhuo zhong cong si xiang shi de jiao du jie shi zhe zhong mo shi chan sheng he yun xing de (...) si xiang gen yuan yu nei zai dong li. Quan shu zheng wen gong qi zhang, zhu yao nei rong fen wei shang xia liang bian, shang bian yi hong guan zong lun de fang shi, cong li xue jing dian "Da xue" de wen ben bian dong he quan shi jing zheng qie ru, tan tao zhong wan Ming li xue xue shuo he xue pai jian gou de li lun gen ju; xia bian yi Li Cai de "zhi xiu" xue shuo ji qi jiang xue huo dong zuo wei ge an yan jiu, tan tao li xue xue shuo he xue pai de chuan bo ji chuan cheng de she hui hua tu jing. (shrink)