The analysis of the posthumous text of Benjamin, titled Capitalism as religion, show a certeral diagnosis about the progression of capitalism of XX and XXI century, in which its cult aspect have been attached to the images that dwell the city, and in some way, it constitute her, reconfigurating at the same time, his urban planning. The notion of phantasmagoria it is key to understand how this capitalistic religion has been introduced and totalized in men life, in the sense that (...) has transformed space in an image for-itself of capital, being, in conclussion, in an intrinsec union with a phantasmagorical politics that require the city for the perpetuation of his cult. (shrink)

The old aphorism saying “no pic, no news” is still very alive, although the immediacy of social networks has modified this in a way: the truth is that a set of factors has conspired to cloud the communicative landscape on networks, so what was once considered reliable proof of fact – a photo – cannot be taken as such, without the assistance of experts whose criteria cannot be easily understood by the public. Turning into a matter of discussion and opinion (...) what would otherwise be incontrovertible facts. Fabricating facts has never been so convincingly available to so many. (shrink)

RESUMEN El apetito rapaz de los conquistadores produjo sodomitas Indígenas en Abya Yala. Corrompió también sus entendimientos sobre vitalidad corporal. La violación convirtió una permeabilidad anal, que comunicaba varias formas de lo vital, en un acto de destitución socio-corporal. La permeabilidad carnal Indígena, y su transición, quedó signada como infrahumana. La colonialidad oculta esa condición infrahumana al confundir las movilidades transgéneros con todo tipo de disconformidad corporal. Al considerar la permeabilidad corporal como un índice de disidencia tanto cognitiva como sexual, (...) la modernidad configuró lo transgénero como un vínculo monstruoso entre la permeabilidad y el capacitismo. El legado de la colonialidad fusiona conceptualmente a los cuerpos infra y cuasi-humanos. Para desenredar esa confusión, este ensayo examina la materialidad ancestral de prácticas anales, ritos funerarios, y apariciones y danzas ceremoniales. Este materialismo decolonizante negocia la permeabilidad sobre el puente que se extiende entre, por un lado, las cosmologías Andinas y Mesoamericanas y, por otro, las corporalidades travesti y trans. Al introducir el marco de la colonialidad de lo transgénero, el ensayo coloca el pluralismo ontológico en el centro de los debates sobre los materialismos trans*. ABSTRACT The voracious lust of the conquest produced Indigenous sodomites in Abya Yala. Native peoples saw their understandings of bodily vitality interrupted. Rape turned anal permeability, which had once communicated various forms of life, into an act of bodily destitution. The permeability of Indigenous flesh, and its transition, was rendered non-human. Coloniality veils this infrahuman condition by mistaking transgender transitions for any nonconforming embodiment. By reading permeable bodies as gender nonconforming, modernity gives rise to monstrous and disabled embodiments. Thus, transgender emerges as the linchpin between ableism and permeability. The legacy of colonialism conflates near-human and infrahuman bodies. Moving away from this conflation, this writing examines the materiality of ancestral, nonwestern, anal practices, burial rites, ceremonial apparitions, and dances. This decolonizing materialism negotiates permeability over the bridge between, on the one hand, Mesoamerican and Andean cosmologies and, on the other, travesti and trans Latinx embodiments. Ultimately, the coloniarity of transgender framework that I develop centers ontological pluralism in the current conversations about trans* materialisms. (shrink)

The analysis of the posthumous text of Benjamin, titled Capitalism as religion, show a certeral diagnosis about the progression of capitalism of XX and XXI century, in which its cult aspect have been attached to the images that dwell the city, and in some way, it constitute her, reconfigurating at the same time, his urban planning. The notion of phantasmagoria it is key to understand how this capitalistic religion has been introduced and totalized in men life, in the sense that (...) has transformed space in an image for-itself of capital, being, in conclussion, in an intrinsec union with a phantasmagorical politics that require the city for the perpetuation of his cult. (shrink)

Este trabajo se ocupa de la presencia en el cine de Don Quijote, pero no del libro sino del mito, una perspectiva que va mucho más allá de la adaptación y abre considerablemente el campo de estudio. Para ello, se propone una descripción que se sabe provisional pero intenta ser rigurosa del mito o el patrón narrativo quijotesco como el del lector/imitador romántico e inadecuado de ficción, a partir de la cual se puede elaborar un primer corpus de películas quijotescas. (...) En él se incluyen las protagonizadas por imitadores fallidos de modelos cinematográficos, por Quijotes femeninos que romantizan la realidad y por diversos tipos de héroes que son quijotescos por su inadecuación a su tarea o misión heroica. Para ilustrar esta profunda penetración del mito en el medio cinematográfico se examina un ejemplo reciente en el cine español, la película El corazón del guerrero (2000), del realizador Daniel Monzón, en la que estas diferentes variantes del mito pueden observarse de forma integrada y con claridad meridiana. A lo largo de este recorrido se realizan una serie de distinciones con las que pueden ordenarse y categorizarse los diferentes tipos de relación entre Don Quijote y el cine (cine cervantino, quijotesco y quijotizante) y, finalmente, se extraen una serie de conclusiones teóricas de aplicación general al estudio comparado de cine y literatura. (shrink)

Con el presente trabajo se pretende crear una estrategia que posibilite un aprendizaje sólido deltema de potencial eléctrico, a través de una analogía entre los potenciales eléctrico y gravitacional.La actividad que se propone concibe el uso de materiales de bajo costo con el objetivo de aproximarel conocimiento físico al común de los estudiantes. Esto porque se ha percibido en la población focode este estudio, un cierto desinterés por la física, lo que de alguna forma resulta contradictorio, unavez que la presencia (...) de esta ciencia, en nuestro día a día, se manifiesta en las diversas actividadesque desenvolvemos en el contexto en que estamos insertados, así como en el uso extendido delas nuevas tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) a que la especie humana ha venidoteniendo acceso en los últimos años. Por su parte, para la creación de la citada estrategia se haconsiderado el uso de una metodología que concibe una revisión de la bibliografía disponible sobreel tema y tiene una tendencia cualitativa-cuantitativa, siendo esta referida al análisis de los datos queserán colectados durante la experiencia. Los resultados muestran que hubo un mejor desempeñode los estudiantes durante la segunda etapa del proceso investigativo. Esto nos permite concluirque la enseñanza de la física a través de analogías elaboradas por los profesores de esta asignaturaposibilita un mejor aprendizaje de esta ciencia en la medida en que se vinculan conocimientoscientíficos y cotidianos. (shrink)

This study attempts to analyse the relationship between two key psychological variables associated with performance in sports - Self-Determined Motivation and Competitive Anxiety - through Bayesian Networks analysis. We analysed 674 university students/athletes from 44 universities that competed at the University Games in México, with an average age of 21 years (SD = 2.07) and with a mean of 8.61 years’ (SD = 5.15) experience in sports. Methods: Regarding the data analysis, first a CHAID algorithm was carried out to determine (...) the dependence links between variables, and then a Bayesian networks was developed. The validation of the BN revealed AUC values ranging from 0.5 to 0.92. Subsequently, various instantiations were performed with hypothetical values applied to the “bottom” variables. Results showed two probability trees that have extrinsic motivation and amotivation at the top, while the anxiety/activation due to worries about performance was at the bottom of the probabilities. The instantiations carried out support the existence of these probabilistic relationships, demonstrating their scarce influence on anxiety about competition generated by the intrinsic motivation, and the complex probabilistic effect of introjected and identified regulation regarding the appearance of anxiety due to worry about performance. (shrink)

The training of healthcare professionals goes beyond technical skills, requiring the development of humanistic competencies to balance the technical and the human aspects. Bioethics, essential in health programs, addresses juridical-moral conflicts arising from the interaction between social values and science. The inclusion of bioethics in curricula is crucial to prepare healthcare professionals for contemporary ethical dilemmas. This study aims to highlight the perception of bioethical and professional deontology knowledge among Health Degree students, providing a critical foundation to strengthen ethical education (...) and address emerging ethical challenges in their professional practice. A total of 150 students in physiotherapy, nursing, and psychology at the European University of Valencia were evaluated through an Ad-Hoc survey. The scale measured bioethical knowledge with 19 Likert-scale items. Internal consistency was adequate (α = 0.872). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in bioethical knowledge among the studied degrees (p<0.05). First-year students scored higher on “The end justifies the means” and “I know the principle of beneficence. ” First and third-year students valued equality in patient treatment. In applied ethics, fourth-year students stood out. (shrink)

From an epidemiological perspective, the practice of universal vaccination of girls and young women in order to prevent human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and potential development of cervical cancer is widely accepted even though it may lead to the neglect of other preventive strategies against cervical cancer.

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) has been considered as a measure of heart-brain interaction and autonomic modulation, and it is modified by cognitive and attentional tasks. In cognitive tasks, HRV was reduced in participants who achieved worse results. This could indicate the possibility of HRV predicting cognitive performance, but this association is still unclear in a high cognitive load sport such as chess Objective: To analyse modifications on HRV and subjective perception of stress, difficulty and complexity in different chess problem (...) tasks. Design: HRV was assessed at baseline. During the chess problems, HRV was also monitored, and immediately after chess problems the subjective stress, difficulty and complexity were also registered. Method: A total of 16 male chess players, age: 35.19 (13.44) and ELO: 1927.69 (167.78) were analysed while six chess problem solving tasks with different level of difficulty were conducted (two low level, two medium level and two high level chess problems). Participants were classified according to their results into two groups: high performance or low performance. Results: Friedman test showed a significant effect of tasks in HRV indexes and perceived difficulty, stress and complexity in both high and low performance groups. A decrease in HRV was observed in both groups when chess problems difficulty increased. In addition, HRV was significantly higher in the high performance group than in the low performance group during chess problems. Conclusions: An increase in autonomic modulation was observed to meet the cognitive demands of the problems, being higher while the difficulty of the tasks increased. Non-linear HRV indexes seem to be more reactive to tasks difficulty, being an interesting and useful tool in chess training. (shrink)

AI systems are bringing an augmentation of human capabilities to shape the world. They may also drag a replacement of human conscience in large chunks of life. AI systems can be designed to leave moral control in human hands, to obstruct or diminish that moral control, or even to prevent it, replacing human morality with pre-packaged or developed ‘solutions’ by the ‘intelligent’ machine itself. Artificial Intelligent systems (AIS) are increasingly being used in multiple applications and receiving more attention from the (...) public and private organisations. The purpose of this article is to offer a mapping of the technological architectures that support AIS, under the specific focus of the moral agency. Through a literature research and reflection process, the following areas are covered: a brief introduction and review of the literature on the topic of moral agency; an analysis using the BDI logic model (Bratman 1987); an elemental review of artificial ‘reasoning’ architectures in AIS; the influence of the data input and the data quality; AI systems’ positioning in decision support and decision making scenarios; and finally, some conclusions are offered about regarding the potential loss of moral control by humans due to AIS. This article contributes to the field of Ethics and Artificial Intelligence by providing a discussion for developers and researchers to understand how and under what circumstances the ‘human subject’ may, totally or partially, lose moral control and ownership over AI technologies. The topic is relevant because AIS often are not single machines but complex networks of machines that feed information and decisions into each other and to human operators. The detailed traceability of input-process-output at each node of the network is essential for it to remain within the field of moral agency. Moral agency is then at the basis of our system of legal responsibility, and social approval is unlikely to be obtained for entrusting important functions to complex systems under which no moral agency can be identified. (shrink)

An experimental study was designed to analyze the effect of school-based training in self-regulation learning strategies on academic performance. Class-level variables were considered and the effects of the intervention were measured at the end of the intervention and 3 months later. A sample of 761 students from 3rd and 4th grades, from 14 schools, participated in the study. Data were analyzed using three-level analysis with within-student measurements at level 1, between-students within-classes at level 2, and between-classes at level 3. Data (...) showed a positive effect of the intervention on student performance, both at post-test and at follow-up considering the four school subjects together. However, the effect was significant just at follow-up when subjects were considered separately. Student performance was significantly related to the students’ variables and the context. Finally, students’ gender and level of reading comprehension, as well as the teacher’s gender, were found to moderate the effect of the intervention on students’ academic performance. Two conclusions were highlighted: first, data emphasize the importance of considering time while conducting intervention studies. Second, more teaching experience does not necessarily translate into improvements in the quality of students’ instruction. (shrink)

Pedro Cerezo ha dedicado una obra ya muy extensa al estudio del pensamiento español así como al estudio de la filosofía moderna y contemporánea, pero ha sido sobre todo en su lectura del Quijote, culminada en su reciente libro El Quijote y la aventura de la libertad, donde ha cruzado productivamente esas dos líneas de pensamiento, la que le conducía a la cuestión «pensar en español » y la que le llevaba a «la cuestión de la modernidad», aportando claves (...) importantes que ayudan a completar nuestra comprensión de la modernidad y a replantear productivamente la cuestión de la función y posibilidad de la filosofía en la actualidad. El presente artículo se ocupa de exponer el papel que, según Cerezo, tiene el Quijote en la constitución de la modernidad y reconstruyendo su idea de un «pensamiento español» de carácter literario capaz de aportar a la modernidad nuevas posibilidades. (shrink)

Reseña de la obra de Tamayo, Juan José, _Pedro Casaldáliga. Larga caminada con los pobres de la tierra._ Barcelona, Herder Editorial, 2020, 128 pp. ISBN: 978-84-254-4644-3.

Cerezo Galán, Pedro: _Hegel y el reino del espíritu_, Granada, Editorial Universidad de Granada, 2018.

Pedro Teixeira es un integrante notable de la ilustre nómina de los viajeros portugueses que, a finales del s, XVI y principios del XVII, ensancharon para Occidente las fronteras del mundo. Su conocimiento en España se debe a la publicación en 1994 de su obra «Relaciones del Origen, Descendencia y Sucesión de los Reyes de Persia, y de Harmuz, y de un viaje hecho por el autor dende la India hasta Italia por tierra», en edición realizada por el profesor (...) Eduardo Barajas Sala, lamentablemente fallecido en 1997. En este artículo se ofrece una reseña biográfica de Pedro Teixeira, y un análisis del viaje narrado por el autor en la última parte de sus «Relaciones »: el que desde Ormuz le conducirá, a través de Mesopotamia, hasta la costa del Mediterráneo.…. (shrink)

La evidencia de un desenlace para el discipulado de Pedro en Jn 21, coherente con el cuerpo del relato, denota la unidad tanto literaria como teoló-gica del cuarto evangelio : la promesa de un futuro seguimiento que había quedado pendiente en Jn 13,36 llega a su cumplimiento en Jn 21,19; pero también, el enigmático sobrenombre que impone Jesús a Simón, hijo de Juan, al inicio del relato solo halla dilucida-ción en Jn 21,15-17. Sin embargo, al mismo tiempo, dicha evidencia (...) des-tacará una novedad importante res-pecto al desarrollo literario anterior: el discípulo amado comunica ahora su ciencia, su conocimiento intui-tivo del Señor a Simón Pedro. Tal modo de actuar carece de paralelo a lo largo del cuerpo del relato evangélico, indicando, desde el plano diacrónico, un nuevo esta-dio en el camino de reflexión teoló-gica de la comunidad joánica. (shrink)

La obra de Laín Entralgo se fundamenta principalmente en la preocupación por el ser humano, por sus interrogantes, sus necesidades y las respuestas que puede obtener en el transcurso de su vida. La maduración de su pensamiento hacia este tema viene dada de una estructura dinámica del ser humano. Es una crítica a Marcel y Paul Ricoeur, al desconocimiento zubiriano de una teoría filosófica del ser humano como actualización y presencia física de un animal de realidades. Para Laín la realidad (...) humana es la compresión de la realidad del hombre a través de su realidad constitutiva, de su realidad dinámica, de su realidad copartícipe con el cosmos y de su realidad conductual. (shrink)

This paper reviews the debate between Jürgen Habermas and Ernst Tugendhat around the problem of the foundation of morality. In addition to the main criticisms developed by Tugendhat to the ethics of discourse and Habermas’s reply, some of the contributions to this subject by Javier Muguerza are reviewed who, together with Tugendhat, has contributed to developing what I call the new philosophies of the subject.

Después de haber tratado el tema del desenlace del discipulado de Simón Pedro a la luz de Jn 21,15-19 en anterior artículo, quedaba pendiente realizar lo propio con respecto al personaje del discípulo amado. La primera sección del epílogo del evangelio, asocia, en efecto, estas dos figuras que interactúan en sinergia para reconocer al Resucitado en su tercera manifestación. Y la finalidad de dicha manifestación consiste en proveer a las necesidades de la comunidad de discípulos en medio de los (...) desafíos inéditos del tiempo post-pascual. El presente artículo desarrolla la especificidad del seguimiento del discípulo amado que, junto con el de Pedro, constituirá parte fundamental de esa provisión necesaria para la vida y misión de la naciente Iglesia. (shrink)

We offer a reading of some passages from Wittgenstein’s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus in which, dealing with the symbolic constructions of arithmetic, Wittgenstein puts in motion the most outstanding features of Leibniz’s concept of Symbolic Knowledge: the computational and the “ecthetic” functions of the notion of Symbolic Blind Though. We begin with a brief presentation of some conceptual distinctions proposed by Oscar Miguel Esquisabel in his investigation about the Leibnizian origin of the tradition of Symbolic Knowledge. We then contrast these topics with (...) the way Pasquale Frascolla interprets those same Tractarian passages, emphasizing the way in which he suspends any relevant sense in which we could speak about formal knowledge in Wittgenstein’s opera. To make our criticism better suited, our projection of Leibnizian lights into the Tractatus and into Frascolla’s interpretation of it is assisted with a concise exposition of one historical development in the Leibnizian tradition. Grounded in a study in which Javier Legris retraces the features of Symbolic Blind Though in Frege’s works, we then conclude proposing the advantages of our approach. (shrink)

Objective. To determine the effectiveness of the "I take care of myself" program for self-care in schoolchildren. Methods. Quasi-experimental study with a single pre-post test group, with the participation of 120 sixth grade students of the primary level of the Educational Institution of San Pedro - Huánuco, Peru 2022, in which the "I take care of myself" Program was applied. The data collection instrument was the self-care practices scale. In the hypothesis test, the Wilcoxon statistical test was used. Results. (...) It was found that the average score obtained in self-care before the application of the "I take care of myself" program was 3.7, and after this it was 4.0, finding significant differences in the pretest and posttest with p≤0.000. Likewise, there were significant differences in the dimensions of self-care such as practices related to universal self-care requirements, practices related to development self-care requirements, and practices related to self-care requirements in case of health deviation, all with p≤0.05. Conclusions. There are significant differences in self-care after applying the "I take care of myself" program in schoolchildren of the Educational Institution of San Pedro - Huánuco. (shrink)

This chapter explores a generation of philosophers that emerged in Peru and became interested in positivism at the end of the nineteenth century. This generation that embraced positivism included Manuel Gonza´lez Prada, Alejandro Deustua, Jorge Polar, Mariano H. Cornejo, Carlos Lisson, Javier Prado, and Manuel Vicente Villara´n. The chapter addresses the interesting parallel that the first consolidated generation of Peruvian philosophers appeared at the end of a tragic and extremely devastating war, similar to the United States in the Civil (...) War era and the origins of pragmatism. (shrink)

This paper argues for a dilemma: you can accept liberalism or immigration restrictions, but not both. More specifically, the standard arguments for restricting freedom of movement apply equally to textbook liberal freedoms, such as freedom of speech, religion, occupation and reproductive choice. We begin with a sketch of liberalism’s core principles and an argument for why freedom of movement is plausibly on a par with other liberal freedoms. Next we argue that, if a state’s right to self-determination grounds a prima (...) facie right to restrict immigration, then it also grounds a prima facie right to restrict freedom of speech, religion, sexual choice and more. We then suggest that the social costs associated with freedom of immigration are also costs associated with occupational choice, speech and reproduction. Thus, a state’s interest in reducing these costs gives it prima facie justification to restrict not only immigration but also other core liberal freedoms. Moreover, we rebut the objection that, even if the standard arguments for a prima facie right to restrict immigration also support a prima facie right to restrict liberal freedoms generally, there are differences that render immigration restrictions – but not restrictions on speech, religion, etc. – justified all things considered. In closing, we suggest that the theoretical price of supporting immigration restrictions – viz., compromising a commitment to liberal principles – is too steep to pay. (shrink)

Many political theorists argue that immigration restrictions are unjust and defend broadly open borders. In this paper, I examine the implications of this view for individual conduct. In particular, I argue that the citizens of states that enforce unjust immigration restrictions have duties to disobey certain immigration laws. States conscript their citizens to help enforce immigration law by imposing legal duties on these citizens to monitor, report, and refrain from interacting with unauthorized migrants. If an ideal of open borders is (...) true, these laws are unjust. Furthermore, if citizens comply with their legal duties, they contribute to violating the rights of migrants. We are obligated to refrain from contributing to rights-violations. So, citizens are obligated to disobey immigration laws. I defend the moral requirement to disobey immigration laws against the objection that disobedience to the law is excessively risky and the objection that citizens have political obligations to obey the law. (shrink)

This paper aims to offer a new argument in defence bacterial species pluralism. To do so, I shall first present the particular issues derived from the conflict between the non-theoretical understanding of species as units of classification and the theoretical comprehension of them as units of evolution. Secondly, I shall justify the necessity of the concept of species for the bacterial world, and show how medicine and endosymbiotic evolutionary theory make use of different concepts of bacterial species due to their (...) distinctive purposes. Finally, I shall show how my argument provides a new source of defence for bacterial pluralism. (shrink)

ABSTRACTPeople smugglers help transport migrants across international borders without authorization and in return for compensation. Many people object to people smuggling and believe that the smuggling of migrants is an evil trade. In this paper, I offer a qualified defense of people smuggling. In particular, I argue that people smuggling that assists refugees in escaping threats to their rights can be morally justified. I then rebut the objections that people smugglers exploit migrants, have defective motivations, and wrongly violate the law. (...) My conclusion is that people smuggling is sometimes a permissible way of helping refugees to evade unjust immigration restrictions and compelling states to bear their fair share of the global refugee population. (shrink)

Many people think that citizenship should not be for sale. On their view, it is morally wrong for states to sell citizenship to foreigners. In this article, I challenge this view. I argue that it is in principle permissible for states to sell citizenship. I contend that, if states can permissibly deny foreigners access to citizenship in some cases, then states can permissibly give foreigners the option of buying citizenship in these cases. Furthermore, I defend the permissibility of selling citizenship (...) against the objections that selling citizenship values citizenship in the wrong way, corrupts civic norms, and unfairly discriminates against poor foreigners. I conclude by noting that, although selling citizenship is not intrinsically wrong, it could still be wrong for states to sell citizenship in practice. If existent immigration restrictions are unjust, then it may be impermissible for states to sell citizenship in the real world. (shrink)

In this paper I assess the adequacy of no-conspiracy conditions employed in the usual derivations of the Bell inequality in the context of EPR correlations. First, I look at the EPR correlations from a purely phenomenological point of view and claim that common cause explanations of these cannot be ruled out. I argue that an appropriate common cause explanation requires that no-conspiracy conditions are re-interpreted as mere common cause-measurement independence conditions. In the right circumstances then, violations of measurement independence need (...) not entail any kind of conspiracy (nor backwards in time causation). To the contrary, if measurement operations in the EPR context are taken to be causally relevant in a specific way to the experiment outcomes, their explicit causal role provides the grounds for a common cause explanation of the corresponding correlations. (shrink)

In this paper we analyze some of the major difficulties of informed consent. We consider insufficient to base IC on the principle of autonomy. We must not forget that the patient may be in a situation of extreme vulnerability and the good doctor should assume a degree of commitment and responsibility with his/her decisions. Our aim is to introduce the ethics of responsibility of Levinas in practice and theory of IC in order to generate a beneficent medical practice in which (...) the supervision and overseeing of the patient do not undermine his/her autonomy. (shrink)