This article analyses the determinants associated with the use of the Integrated Report as a corporate reporting model for sustainability information. IRs provide information regarding the use and interdependence of different company resources. The previous literature has identified determinants behind the presentation of IRs at the country level as well as at the company level. Our work contributes to the literature by using a novel statistical approach that addresses the likelihood of the non-independence of data: companies in the same country (...) are more similar to one another than are companies from different countries. Our results confirm significant inter-country variance, which may be partially explained by the existence of specific regulations and the individualism vs. collectivism dimension. Although we confirm the effect of company-level determinants, our results do not support the role of specific variables tested as determinants. (shrink)

The origin of chordates and the consequent genesis of vertebrates were major events in natural history. The amphioxus (lancelet) is now recognised as the closest extant relative to the stem chordate and is the only living invertebrate that retains a vertebrate‐like development and body plan through its lifespan, despite more than 500 million years of independent evolution from the stem vertebrate. The inspiring data coming from its recently sequenced genome confirms that amphioxus has a prototypical chordate genome with respect to (...) gene content and structure, and even chromosomal organisation. Pushed by joint efforts of amphioxus researchers, amphioxus is now entering a new era, namely its maturation as a laboratory model, through the availability of a large amount of molecular data and the advent of experimental manipulation of the embryo. These two facts may well serve to illuminate the hidden secrets of the genetic changes that generated, among other vertebrates, ourselves. (shrink)

Logic and philosophy of logic have increasingly become areas of research and great interest in Latin America and Spain, where significant work has been done and continues to be done in both of these fields. The goal of this volume is to draw attention to this work through a collection of original and unpublished papers by specialists from Latin America and Spain. Some of the papers are of importance for set-theory and model theory. They cover topics such as the foundations (...) of paraconsistency, the use of paraconsistent logic as a basis for set-theory, and the methodological aspects in both the justification of new axioms in set theory and the formalization of pre-theoretic notions. Other papers are related to epistemic logic. They deal with the issues of abduction and the choice of the simplest hypothesis, the definition of group probability, and the nature of explanation and understanding in such logic. There are also papers on logical paradoxes, the semantics of names, and the nature of relations. Max A. Freund is Professor of Logic and Philosophy at the University of Costa Rica and the National University of Costa Rica. He is co-author of the book Modal Logic its syntax and semantics, as well as the author of Judicial Logic, and of a forthcoming book The Logic of Sortals. Max Fernandez de Castro is Professor of Logic and Philosophy at the Autonomous Metropolitan University of Mexico. He is the author of the book Quine y la Ontologíaa and co-author of the books Lógica Matemática I: lógica proposicional, intuicionista y modal, Lógica Matemática II: clásica, intuicionista y modal, Teoría de Conjuntos, Lógica y Temas Afines I. Marco Ruffino is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Campinas and the editor of Manuscrito, the Brazilian international journal for Analytic Philosophy. He has many publications, in important philosophical journals, in the philosophy of language, of logic, and of mathematics; in the history of analytic philosophy, and on Frege and Wittgenstein. (shrink)

Weisberg and Muldoon’s epistemic landscape model (ELM) has been one of the most significant contributions to the use of agent-based models in philosophy. The model provides an innovative approach to establishing the optimal distribution of cognitive labor in scientific communities, using an epistemic landscape. In the paper, we provide a critical examination of ELM. First, we show that the computing mechanism for ELM is correct insofar as we are able to replicate the results using another programming language. Second, we show (...) that small changes in the rules that determine the behavior of individual agents can lead to important changes in simulation results. Accordingly, we claim that ELM results are robust with respect to the computing mechanism, but not necessarily across parameter space. We conclude by reflecting on the possible lessons to be gained from ELM as a class of simulations or cluster of models. (shrink)

Schönberg ha sido uno de los compositores más decisivos del pasado siglo. Su propuesta musical, su intento de buscar nuevos lenguajes para expresarla, su diagnóstico de la muerte de la música tonal, puede ser equiparado con la constatación nietzscheana de la ¿muerte de Dios¿, con la pérdida de todos los axiomas últimos e inamovibles que suministran valor al mundo y sentido a la existencia. Ambos desarrollaron una visión trágico-musical del mundo, que no pesimista; ambos se acercaron a la realidad desde (...) la afirmación y la inocencia propias del artista, experimentando sus aspectos más disonantes con desconocida alegría y serenidad. (shrink)

Socializamos aquí una experiencia llevada a cabo por un grupo de docentes, de nivel medio, que ha conformado un Equipo ESI. Nos referimos al Proyecto de Promotoras Estudiantiles de Género, que vibra en una escuela que se encuentra atravesada por un complejo entramado de relaciones sociales. El mismo, busca aportar a la construcción de un proyecto educativo que habite los intersticios de la escuela formal desde una pedagogía otra. El contexto en el que se encuentra inscripta la escuela, configura las (...) identidades estudiantiles, sobre las que recaen múltiples opresiones de género, clase, nacionalidad. Las juventudes subalternizadas que habitan esta escuela invitan a romper con la categoría monolítica de juventud, y ello implica un desafío para que nuestras prácticas docentes no reproduzcan, en términos de Guha un colonialismo discursivo. (shrink)

En lugar de pensar que la iglesia tiene una misión, se piensa que la misión tiene una iglesia para llevarla a cabo. La tensión entre las dos percepciones no está, por supuesto, solucionada, pero al menos existe el diálogo y la aceptación por parte de todos de ese sentido de misión como parte de la esencia de la iglesia.

En esta artículo se defiende que el cosmos no es un todo (una sustantividad) que se articule en meras partes, sino un agregado formado por distintos todos. Se introduce el tema partiendo de la teoría gestáltica de Wolfgang Köhler, para entrar a continuación en un terreno propiamente ontológico. En él se propone una reconstrucción de la ontología de Xavier Zubiri eliminando la tesis de la sustantividad del cosmos. El cosmos no es una magna cosa, sino un agregado de cosas; pero (...) esto no supone disgregarlo en una multiplicidad de sustancias aisladas -con relaciones meramente accidentales-, pues se trata de un agregado de sustantividades abiertas unas a otras en respectividad externa. En efecto, la sustantividad en tanto que real posee una "respectividad constituyente" (interna) que, como apertura de suyo mundanal, funda la "respectividad externa" (remitente) entre las distintas sustantividades del mundo, y el mundo en el nivel talitativo es el cosmos. (shrink)

This paper presents a method to compute a posteriori probability intervals when the initial conditional information is also given with probability intervals. The right way to make an exact computation is with the associated convex set of probabilities. Probability trees are used to represent these initial conditional convex sets because they greatly save the space required. This paper proposes a simulated annealing algorithm, which uses probability trees to represent the convex sets in order to compute the a posteriori intervals.

Post‐translational modifications regulate each step of DNA replication to ensure the faithful transmission of genetic information. In this context, we recently showed that deubiquitination of SUMO2/3 and SUMOylated proteins by USP7 helps to create a SUMO‐rich and ubiquitin‐low environment around replisomes that is necessary to maintain the activity of replication forks and for new origin firing. We propose that a two‐flag system mediates the collective concentration of factors at sites of DNA replication, whereby SUMO and Ubiquitinated‐SUMO would constitute “stay” or (...) “go” signals respectively for replisome and accessory factors. We here discuss the findings that led to this model, which have implications for the potential use of USP7 inhibitors as anticancer agents. (shrink)

En reseña de: Galindo, Alfonso y Ujaldón, Enrique (coords.), ¿Quién dijo populismo?, Biblioteca Nueva, Madrid, 2018.

Humanizar la muerte requiere, ante todo, el reconocimiento del valor que en sí misma tiene la experiencia de la muerte y la importancia trascendental que, para todo individuo, posee afrontar con el respaldo sanitario y emocional necesario ese momento decisivo. En este sentido, el enfoque que toma como base la idea de la imposibilidad de vivir la muerte, y no sólo la con frecuencia cuestionada preparación del personal sanitario para ayudar al paciente terminal a afrontarla, tiene mucho que ver en (...) el escamoteo y ocultamiento de tal experiencia. Frente a esto hay que considerar que la muerte es algo que se vive, aunque obviamente no se sobrevive a ella. No sobrevivir a la muerte no resta valor a la experiencia de la muerte. (shrink)

Pretendemos con este texto explorar la presencia y función, a veces problemática y contradictoria, del pensamiento orteguiano y de algunos de los conceptos fundamentales de su circunstancialismo, en su trasvase directo –vía sus reflexiones argentinas– o su trasplante críticamente mediado –vía México–, a tierras americanas. La relevancia en la promoción y justificación del pensamiento filosófico latinoamericano moderno y actual de las ideas orteguianas adquieren especial interés cuando son indagadas en los años cruciales del inicio del destierro español en México.